A. 谁能帮我写个毕业论文（英语翻译）可以的话2000分酬谢
Market Research and Export Promotion
Export Marketing Plan
The marking plan is the basis on which all the overseas promotion is formulated. To devise the marketing plan involves reconciling the export strategies and objectives of the manufacturer into marketing terms.The marketing plan embraces many elements including market research project, promotion/advertising details, procts involved and their quantity available, distribution arrangements and total volume/value of goods Where relevant, various costing information should be included, particularly the research and advertising budget. Overall; the plan must be realistic and should have a clear sense of purpose and direction
Export Market Research
Before making goods for a new overseas market, as in the home trade, it is necessary to discover first of all if the goods can be sold profitably in that market. To answer that question is one of the objects of market research. Export market research, in particular, is a study of a given market abroad to determine the needs of that market and the methods by which the procts; can best be supplied. It may be carried out to determine:
1. If a new proct likely to find a market.
2. Whether an established proct is likely to meet with a good demand in a new market. 3.Why sales of a proct have declined, either generally or in a certain area Here, in this chapter is laid on the first point: Market research is vital to success in overseas Markets To look for a suitable market an exporter must consider, for example:
1.Political and Economic Conditions Countries with different political and economic systems take different attitudes toward foreign
trade business.Their policies and regulations concerning import and export， exchange control，customs, ties and other tariffs will greatly affect the suitability for a new market.
2.Physical and Climatic Conditions The suitability of his procts: heavy clothing is not worn in hot climates; mountaineering equipment would not be in demand in a flat country.
3. Social Conditions
If there is a low standard．of living with poor wage levels, there nay be no market for television sets or cars or luxury procts. It may be desirable, even necessary,for price lists and sales promotion literature to be translated into a local language,with local units of measurement
5
and of the survey questionnaire and in the interviewing process. Surveys may be very expensive,
and they are time--consuming: Another key weakness is that respondents often cannot or will not
give true answers.
The interviewing in the survey may be done by the researcher in person, by telephone, or by
mail.
1.Personal Interviews
Personal interviews are more flexible than the other two types because interviews can alter
the questions to fit-the situation as they see it: They
are able to probe snore deeply if an answer is not satisfactory. Ordinarily, it is possible to
obtain more information by personal interview .than by telephone: or mail. Also, the interview
can by observation; obtain data regarding the respondents'socioeconomic status-their
home ,neighborhood, and apparent standard of living.
The major limitations of this method of interviewing are its relative high cost, the length of
time needed to conct the survey, and the chance of introcing ,errors ring the interviewing.
2. Telephone Survey
In a telephone survey, the respondent, is approached by telephone, and
interview is
completed at that time. Telephone surveys can usually be concted more rapidly and at less cost
than either personal or mail surveys. Tele: phone surveys are lees flexible than personal
Interviews, but more flexible than mail survey. Another significant advantage is that a
telephone. survey -may be timely. For instance, people may be asked whether they are watching
television at the moment and; if so, the name of the program and the sponsor. One limitation of
the telephone survey is that interviews must be short: Lengthy interviews cannot be concted
satisfactorily over the phone.
3.Interviewing by Mail
Interviewing by mail involves mailing a questionnaire to potential respondents and having
them return the completed form by mail. Mailed questionnaires ape more economical than
personal interviews and are particularly useful in national surveys,Also, if the respondents
remain anonymous, they are more likely to give true answers because they do not feel the need
to impress the interviewer.
A major problem with mail' questionnaires is the Compilation of a good mailing list,
especially for a broad-scale survey. If the sample can be drawn from a limited list, such as
property taxpayers in certain counties or subscribers to a magazine, the list presents no
problem.Another significant limitation concerns the reliability of the questionnaire returns,
Particularly when the returns are-anonymous. If the respondents have characteristics that
6
differentiate them from nonrespondents, the survey results will be invalid. Further,the
questionnaire must be reasonably shorted the questions very simple; there is no to explain in a
puzzling question. Ideally
:Yes.'' or“No" or pre
choice type of :proces the best results.
Here is an example:
Questionnaire for Market
＿
Research on
Smoking
A. Do you smoke cigarettes? Yes/No (If No,terminate)
B How. many do you smoke a day?
C. What size of cigarette do you smoke ? Mini ,Standard ,Large
D. Do you smoke filter tips.? Yes/No
E. Do you smoke menthol cigarettes?
一
Yes/No
Observational Method
In
the
observational
method,
the
data
are
collected
by
observing
some
action
of
the
respondent: No interviews are involved, although an interview may be used as a follow-up to-get
additional
information.
For
instance,if
customers
are
observed
buying
beer
in
cans
instead
of
bottles; they may be asked; why they prefer that one form of packaging to the other.
Information
may
be
gathered
by
personal
or
mechanical
observation.
In
one
form
of
personal observation the researcher poses as a customer in a store. This technique is useful in
getting information about the caliber of the -sales people
，
or in determining what brands they
push.
Mechanical
observation
is
illustrated
by
an
electric
cord
stretched
across
a
high
way
to
count the
number
一
of cars that pass ring a certain time period
The observation method has several merits. It can be highly accurate
．
Often it removes a11
doubt about what the customer does in: a given, situation. The consumers are unaware that they
are being observed; so presumably they action theft usual fashion.
The observation technique reces interviewer bias. However, the possibility of bias is not-
completely eliminated as long as people are used as :observers. Another disadvantage is that the
technique is limited in its application. Observation tells what happened; but it cannot tell why. It
cannot delve into motives, attitudes,or opinions.
Experimental Method
The experimental method of gathering primary data involves the establishment of a
controlled experiment that stimulates the real market situation as much as possible. The theory is
that' the small-scale experiment will furnish valuable information f tar designing a large scale
marketing program.
7
The experimental method may be used in several different ways. In one instance, a firm
may manufacture a few units of a proct and give them to employees or consumers to try out:
Probably the major application of the experimental method has been in market testing. This
technique consist establishing a control market, in which all factors remain constant and one or
more test markets,in which one factor is varied. A firm may be trying to determine whether to
change the color of its package.In city A, the proct is marketed in its traditional color. In each
of cities B, C, and D, a different color is used. All other factor are kept constant. By measuring
sales in the four market over a period of time;
．
the manufacturer, hopes to determine which color
is most effective.
The outstanding merit of the experimental method is it realism. It is the only one of the
three methods of gathering primary data that stimulate an actual maket situation. The problem is
that it is expensive.It requires long periods of careful planning and administration.
Analyze the Data and Prepare a Report
The final steps in market research project are to analyze the data and interpret the findings.
Information gathered from market research is a guide to the invention
，
proction and sales of
the procts for which there is a market. Today sophisticated electronic data processing
equipment enables a researcher to tabulate and analyze masses of data quickly, and
inexpensively.
The end proct of the investigation is the researcher's conclusion and recommendations,
submitted, in written form on which the company's policy and proceedings concerning export
promotion are based.
Export Promotion-Advertising
After deciding there are good prospects, for his goods abroad through the study of the
market research investigation, the maker or the exporter will, of course; take measures to
promote, exporting of the goods to that market. A most important measure in this respect is to
advertise; the aid to trade that deals with the problem of giving information about the goods and
0helps to put
buyers and sellers in touch with one another.
By means of advertisements a supplier, tells
people what goods he has for sale and emphasizes their good points in the hope that people will
buy them. Advertising can, be undertaken by the company's sales or publicity department; or an
advertising agcy is to be
．
engaged as an adviser.
Purpose of Advertising
1.To Inform
8
Advertising can be used to place facts before public. An advertisement for a car may
include some technical details, so that part of the advertisement is informative. Another
advertisement may be .entirely informative,such as the
announcement of the opening of a new
shop.2 To Persuade although the advertisement for the car may give some facts, its over-all
objective is to persuade people to buy the car. To do this various subtle methods may be used.
The illustration, for instance; may give an exaggerated impression of
the car's power The
wording and the lay-out
may be designed to appeal to the emotion rather than the mind: If you
study some advertisement for practical procts, you will find that they contain little or no
technical information. One would not expect to find a .scientific analysis in an' advertisement for
a cake of toilet soap, of course, but an examination of advertisement for. medicinal goods will
show that the appeal is mainly to the emotions.3: To Remind Some advertisements aim merely to
keep the name of :the proct before the public. A newspaper advertisement may consist of only
a picture of a packet of cigarettes; a bus may carry,the name of an insurance company; a poster
may display a well-known advertising phrase. They say nothing but serve a useful. purpose in
constantly reminding the public of, the, name of the proct
Advertising Media
The term "media" means the forms used 'to carry advertisement. The choice of media
depends upon the proct and the audience the advertisement is aimed at For example, very few
people are interested in coins. A coin dealer would want to appeal to that small number of people
and to no one else. He would therefore advertise in a magazine which most coin enthusiasts
read.
The cost of advertising in newspapers large depends upon the circulation of each
newspaper.If a newspaper sells a million copies, it is possible (although not probable) that a
million people will read an advertisement in it. Some
pages in a newspaper are more expensive
to advertise in than are others, because most people will read the general news pages but only
some will
the pages devoted to sport, fashion, the arts; etc. Different
一
types of people read
different newspapers, so an advertiser will use those papers whose readers are likely to be
possible buyers of his procts. For example, an art gallery would not advertise in a "popular"
news paper because few of its readers would be likely to be visitors to art galleries.
2 Magazines
The same principles about which media to use also apply to magazines. There are
magazines which men read, those which women read and those which both read. Within each
9
group there is specialization, so that one magazine will be read by one "social group" and not by
another.
3. Radio and Television
These are the most
、
expensive of advertising media. A broadcast at a "peak time"will be
heard or seen by millions of people: If only a tiny fraction of them respond, the huge cost twill
have been justified. One reason for the success of such advertising is that it is difficult to ignore.
A broadcast will be heard: or seen by everyone using a radio or television set; even if only
subconsciously, it will make an impression. On the other hand, when you read a newspaper or a
magazine you will not even notice most of the advertisements
A radio or television advertisement must make an instant appeal. There may be only 30
seconds to get the message across; so its impacts
must be immediate.
4 Outdoor Advertising
This includes posters, advertisements on vans and buses and in trains. The message must be
simple and short, perhaps with an immediately recognizable illustration.
Selection of Customers-Credit information
Once the overseas' market has been found, the next step is to look for suitable customers
with whom the maker or exporter expects to establish good business relationships. Undoubtedly,
he wishes to deal with those customers of high credit standing, and that is one of the chief factors
to consider at the tune of setting up new business connections.The information about the credit
or financial standing of an overseas trader can be obtained from various sources. They are
chiefly banks, trade associations professional credit information services, and consulates abroad.
Upon application for or on receipt of letters asking for the credit standing of the foreign trader in
question these organizations are willing to provide,
without any responsibility on their part,a credit or financial report on the trader, which is
usually considered as private and confidential. The report is based on the relative references,
files, and records they have kept or on the result of an investigation made accordingly. In view of
the financial or credit status stated or recommended in the report alongside of other factors the
maker .or manufacturer may freely consider the intended customer acceptable or not.
B. 师哥师姐，大家好，大学英语专业毕业论文，需要写一个1000字的翻译报告，怎么写呀，跪求
论文著作权实行自愿登记，论文不论是否登记，作者或其他著作权人依法取得的著作权不受影响。我国实行作品自愿登记制度的在于维护作者或其他著作权人和作品使用者的合法权益，有助于解决因著作权归属造成的著作权纠纷，并为解决著作权纠纷提供初步证据。
(1)文后参考文献不编序号,仅在文末按其重要程度或参考的先后顺序排列。 (2)文后参考文献不注页码。(3)文后参考文献的著录项目及次序与注释基本相同。 1) 著录参考文献可以反映论文作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的科学依据，也反映出该论文的起点和深度。2) 著录参考文献能方便地把论文作者的成果与前人的成果区别开来。 3)著录参考文献能起索引作用。 4) 著录参考文献有利于节省论文篇幅。 5) 著录参考文献有助于科技情报人员进行情报研究和文摘计量学研究。
a．报告
[序号]主要责任者．文献题名[文献类型标识]．出版地：出版者，出版年．
b．期刊文章
[序号]主要责任者．文献题名[J]．刊名，年，卷(期)． 何龄修．读顾城《南明史》[J]．中国史研究，1998(3)．
c．论文献
[序号]析出文献主要责任者．析出文献题名 [A]．原文献主要责任者(任选)．原文献题名[C]．出版地：出版者，出版年． 瞿秋白．现代文明的问题与社会主义[A]．罗荣渠．从西化到现代化[C]．北京：北京大学出版社，1990．
d．报纸文章
论文种类
为了探讨和掌握论文的写作规律和特点，需要对论文进行分类。由于论文本身的内容和性质不同，研究领域、对象、方法、表现方式不同，因此，论文就有不同的分类方法。按内容性质和研究方法的不同可以把论文分为理论性论文、实验性论文、描述性论文和设计性论文。另外还有一种综合型的分类方法，即把论文分为专题型、论辩型、综述型和综合型四大类：
专题型
这是分析前人研究成果的基础上，以直接论述的形式发表见解，从正面提出某学科中某一学术问题的一种论文。
论辩型
这是针对他人在某学科中某一学术问题的见解，凭借充分的论据，着重揭露其不足或错误之处，通过论辩形式来发表见解的一种论文。
综述型
这是在归纳、总结前人或今人对某学科中某一学术问题已有研究成果的基础上，加以介绍或评论，从而发表自己见解的一种论文。
综合型
这是一种将综述型和论辩型两种形式有机结合起来写成的一种论文。
C. 大学英语论文
跟你是一个专业的，之前我也在为论文苦恼了半天，网上的范文和能搜到内的资料，大都容不全面，一般能有个正文就不错了，开题报告、中期报告什么的都没有，关键是没有数据和分析部分，我好不容易搞出来一篇，结果老师说太简单。还好后来找到品学论文网，直接让老师辅导我写作，非常专业，核心的部分帮我搞定了，也给了很多参考文献资料。哎，专业的事还是要找专业的人来做啊，建议有问题参考下品学论文网吧
D. 求一篇大学英语作文，议论文~
What animals mean to human being, close friends or lists of recipe? Some people consider that animals should be regarded as friends instead of food or sources of clothing, while the opponents think animals are born to service for human being.
As far as I am concerned, I advocate the former’ opinoin. There are two main reasons for that. First of all, it is known that more and more rare animals are endangered, because of the human being’s capture. People peel off the animals’ skin to make coats and use their further to make clothes, even eating the meat of extinct animals and don’t care whether the food is delious or not, only because it is rare and not easily available. Which definitely leads to the extinction of certain animals. On the other hand, with the development of civilization, people should acknowledge that every creature has its right to live. Which guaranteea the harmony of the earth. Thus people need to show their respect to the animals and let them live better instead of hurting them or killing them. This behavior should be forbidden in today’s civilized circumstance.
In conclusion, presently animals are no longer regarded as sources of food and clothing. In stead, animals are people’s close friends who can company people especially to the olders who always like rearing the pets with whose company the olders don’t feel lonely any more. For those animals who are disapearing, people need to pay more attention to them to aviod their extinction. Otherwise people could only see them in museum, not in the nature. What a pity.
E. 英文本科论文写作要求多少字数
非211、985学校的本科毕业论文字数在6000-8000左右(工程类需要制图的专业则会超过这个数字)，而一些要求较高或者重点学校则要求论文字数在1万左右或以上，总之各个学校在论文字数上的规定都有细微的差异。
知识拓展
一、本科生毕业论文的主要内容：
1. 题目 (宋体，小二，居中)
2. 中文摘要(200字以上)，关键词;字体：宋体、小四号，字符间距：标准;行距：20磅
3. 英文摘要，关键词;
4. 目录
5. 正文;字体：宋体、小四号，字符间距：标准;行距：20磅
6. 参考文献。期刊内容包括：作者 题名，刊名，年，卷(期)：起始页码-结束页码。著作内容包括：作者、编者，文献题名，出版社，出版年份，起止页码。
7. 附件：开题报告和检查情况记录表
二、格式要求：
1. 书写格式要求：填写项目必须用碳素或蓝黑墨水钢笔书写;
2. 文稿要求：文字通顺，语言流畅，版面整洁，便于装订。Word文稿A4纸打印。
3. 图纸要求：图面整洁，布局合理，线条粗细均匀，圆弧连接光滑，尺寸标准规范，文字注释必须使用工程字书写;
4. 曲线图表要求：所有曲线、图表、线路图、流程图、程序框图、示意图等不得简单徒手画，须按国家规范标准或工程要求绘制;
5. 公式要求：所有公式不得徒手书写，利用Microsoft公式编辑器或Mathtype编辑。
三、毕业论文档案应包括以下内容：
1. 大学毕业论文(设计)封面(教务处统一印制);
2. 毕业论文，包括题目及目录、开题报告、内容提要、正文及相关图表、参考文献及其他附件等;
3. 指导教师、答辩委员会评阅意见、成绩评定表;
4. 其他附件
F. 求大学英语关于流行文化2000字左右的论文，不用很复杂，大二的水准就行哈，原创高悬赏奥。
你好的！
① 中国知网也好、万方数据也好都有例子！
② 并且大部分的院校都有免费的接口！
③ 如果真没有免费的接口，那就网络知道悬赏求助下载吧！
④ 要是要外文的论文准备翻译的话，最好的办法就是【谷歌学术】
⑤ 需要什么语言的论文直接就用相应的语言搜索！100% 能找到类似的！
⑥ 至于翻译，可以直接谷歌翻一下，弄完在自己缕缕就可以了！
⑦ 要是计算机类的代码什么的到CSDN或者51CTO下载！
【友情提示】==================论文写作方法===========================
{首先就不要有马上毕业，最后一次花点钱就得了的想法}
① 其实，原创的论文网上没有免费为你代谢的！谁愿意花时间给你写这个呢？难道你在空闲的时间原以为别人提供这种毫无意义的服务么？所以：还不如自己写。主要是网上的不可靠因素太多，万一碰到骗人的，就不上算了。
② 写作论文的简单方法，首先大概确定自己的选题【这个很可能老师已经给你确定了】，然后在网上查找几份类似的文章。
③ 通读一些相关资料，对这方面的内容有个大概的了解！看看别人都从哪些方面写这个东西！
④ 参照你们学校的论文的格式，列出提纲，接着要将提纲给你们老师看看，再修改。等老师同意你这个提纲之后，你就可以补充内容！
⑤ 也可以把这几份论文综合一下，从每篇论文上复制一部分，组成一篇新的文章！然后把按自己的语言把每一部分换下句式或词，经过换词不换意的办法处理后,网上就查不到了！
⑥ 最后，到万方等数据库进行检测【这里便宜啊，每一万字才1块钱】，将扫红部分进行再次修改！
⑦ 祝你顺利完成论文!
【WARNING】=========================================================
[Ⅰ] 如果确认找人代笔，交押金的要慎重考虑！
[Ⅱ] 淘宝交易的话，一定看好他的打款时间，有的设定为【3天】，到期之后人家自然收到钱！
[Ⅲ] 希望用我的回答能让童鞋们多个心眼！
G. 高手给我一篇2000--2500字大学英语论文啊.谢谢
whats wrong with u `?
do it urself ~~dong waste time man~~~