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名词结构在英语写作中的妙用

发布时间:2021-03-16 21:32:56

⑴ 在英语中,名词在句中的作用是什么

名詞覆蓋比較廣:人,事物,地方,或者抽象性的事物都可稱作爲名詞。 名詞的作用是在句子中用作动词的主语或宾语的词,或是在独立结构中表示名称的词。 不可数名词:沒有复數形式。for example: st(塵埃),water(水), money(錢),sugar(糖)etc。 不是所有的名詞結尾都可以加“s”作爲複數形式。而可數名詞可以有單,複數形式,表示一個或多個。 girl--girls,ck--cks,table--tables,etc。

⑵ 英语人体部分名词的妙用

一、利用搭配:
(一)与动词搭配
用人体的各种姿态表示各种感情
He shook his head over the plan.他不赞成这项计划。
The sight of it turned my stomach.那景象使我恶心。
The girl likes to wag her tongue.这个女孩子喜欢夸夸其谈。
He snapped his fingers at the danger.他对这危险毫不在意。
Mary makes eyes at all handsome young men.玛丽每见英俊青年便频送秋波。
My friend turned up his nose at my proposal我的朋友对于我的建议嗤之以鼻。
Don't bite your nose to spite your face.不要使自己过不去。
The crowd shook their fists at the despicable criminals.群众对这些可鄙的罪犯挥拳表示愤怒。
(二)形容词、all或副词与人体各部分名词连用
1.形容词在名词前:
He has a long head, but a big mouth.他有远见,但讲话冒失。
The children have a sweet tooth.这些孩子们喜欢甜食。
His elder sister has a sharp(smooth, silver)tongue.他的姐姐讲话尖刻(圆滑,流利。)
This man has an open hand.这个人很慷慨(用钱大方,大手大脚)。
The merchant has an itching palm.这个商人十分贪财。
She has a sharp eye(or sharp eyes)and sharp ear(or ears).她目光锐利,听觉灵敏。
2.“all+人体各部分复数(有时可用单数)名词”固定词组,可起强语势作用:
I am all ears.我在用心聆听。
Olivia is all legs.奥利维亚又瘦又高。
He is all thumbs(=very clumsy).他笨手笨脚。
Jerry followed him, all eyes, ears and spikes.(Dickens)杰里睁大眼睛,竖起耳朵和硬发,全神贯注地跟着他走。
(三)介词或连词and与人体各部分名词连用,构成固定词组
1.介词+名词:
Don't let Success go to your head.不要让胜利冲昏了头脑。
The good news carried her off her feet.这条好消息使她欢腾雀跃(或忙得团团转)。
He has English and American literature at his finger tip.他精通英国文学和美国文学。
Time hangs heavy on my hand.我觉得没事干很无聊。
The spirited competition kept them on their toes.激烈的竞争使他们保持警觉。
He looks very down in the mouth .他面容非常沮丧。
The workers worked in the teeth of the storm.工人们顶着暴风雨继续工作。
I am up to my neck(eyes,ears)in work. 我有许多工作要作。
The current situation in that country has got out of hand.那个国家当前的局势有控制不住之势。
2.名词+介词+名词:
Theory must go hand in hand with practice.理论必须与实践相结合。
He is head over ears in love with that beautiful girl.他热恋着那个漂亮的女孩子。
She didn't see eye to eye with me on the question.在这个问题上,她和我看法不一致。
His friend had a heart-to-heart talk with him.他的朋友和他进行了一次知心的谈话。
3.名词+and+名词:
Our frontier guards fought the cruel aggressors tooth and nail.我们边防战士和凶恶的侵略者进行殊死的战斗。
Tom Came back home a very wreck of soul and body.汤姆回来时筋疲力尽了。
In a short time our instry will advance neck and neck with the developed countries. 不久以后我们的工业将与发达国家并驾齐驱。
4.其他惯用法:
She cried her heart out over the death of her husband.她丈夫的死使她痛苦欲绝。
He wore his heart on his sleeve.他心直口快。
She got a big hand in the last performance.她在上次演出中受到观众的热烈鼓掌。
Please keep a civil tongue in your head.请注意措词要谨慎一些。
I was rushed off my legs by my work.工作把我累得团团转。
You must keep your head under any circumstances.无论任何情况你一定要保持镇静。
His heart sank into his boots at the bad news.听到这个坏消息他非常沮丧。

He felt he must put his foot down.他觉得他必须采取断然措施。
She put her best foot forward in the performance.她在这次演出中露了一手。
He cudgeled(racked,beat)his brains over these problems.对于这些难题,他煞费苦心地思索。
He put his finger on her weakness.他中肯地指出她的缺点。
He was smitten with her charms,and quite lost his heart(=fell in love with her).他为她的美貌所倾倒,迷恋着她。

二、利用构词法

(一)英语的动词优势
英语的动词优势使说英语为本族语的人经常把表示人体的概念直接投射表示抽象的概念,表现在英语中这类英语名词常被转化为动词,以增添它们的描绘效果[2],如head the committee, face the future,Hand the keys, mouth one's opinion, eye a needle, nose for information, be armed to the teeth, shoulder the responsibility, elbow one's way etc,这类转换除字面意义外还可表达这动词的带各种各样情感的动作.如用eye来表达look的意思,除了“看”这一中性意义之外,还兼有怀疑地看,斜着眼睛瞧,带着嫉妒不满、羡慕等感情的意思,例如The dog eyed the stranger(=looked at the stranger with suspicion)(这条狗怀疑地瞧着生人。)They were eyeing us jealously(admiringly,disappointe
dly)。(他们嫉妒地、羡慕地、失望地看着我们。)这种转化的其它例子如:
This dictionary is badly thumbed.(这部字典因翻阅过多而弄得很脏。)
Who has hired you to nose into my business?(谁雇用了你来过问干涉我的事务?)
How might she tongue me!(Shakespeare)(她将会怎样地说我啊!)
Who can stomach such an insult?(谁能容忍这样的侮辱?)
There stood a model worker breasted with many medals.(那里站着一位劳模,胸前挂着许多奖章。)
The policemen have been fingering the criminal for weeks.(警察秘密监视这个犯罪分子已有数周。)
(二)利用“形容词、副词、过去分词或动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词
1.“形容词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词,如sharp-tongued(说话尖刻的),sharp-eyed(目光锐利的),sharp-eared(听觉敏锐的),long-headed(有远见的),big-mouthed(饶舌的),open-minded(谦虚的,接受意见的),iron-handed(铁腕的),high-handed(采取高压手段的),close-fisted(吝啬的),double-faced(hearted)(奸诈的)等。
He muttered a half-hearted apology.他含糊地半心半意地道了一声歉。
Don’t feel down-hearted about this matter.对于这件事请勿灰心丧气。
He sat there in open-mouthed oblivion.他大张着嘴,木然地坐在那里。
She was a warm-hearted,home-spun woman.她是一个热心肠的,土生土长的妇女。
Antony was a silver-tongued orator.安东尼是一位能言善辩的演说家。
2.“过去分词+人体各部分名词+ed”构成形容词:
The broken-hearted soldiers of the defeated country wept when they heard the cease-fire news.战败国伤心的士兵听到停战消息时流了泪。
3.“形容词+人体各部分名词”构成复台名词,指具有某种特殊性格的人。
Smith is a hot-head.史密斯是个性情暴躁的人。
Juliet is a big-mouth.朱丽叶是个长舌女人。
4.“动词+人体各部分名词”构成复合词,可作形容词,亦可用来指人:
His car travelled at break-neck speed along the highway.他的小汽车以非常危险的速度在公路上疾驶。
What a lack-brain is this!(Shakespeare)真是一个头脑何等简单的人!

⑶ 英语中名词的作用是什么

1.名词在句子中可当主语及主语同位语和主语补语;宾语及宾语的同位语和宾语补语。
Mark Twain wrote many novels.
马克吐温写过许多小说。(Mark Twain当主语。)
He did not catch the train.
他没有赶上火车。(the train当宾语。)
He was made monitor.
他被选为班长。(monitor当主语补语。)
Mr. Lin, our boss, is easy to get on with.
我们的老板林先生容易相处。(our boss当主语的同位语。)
We chose John captain.
我们选约翰当队长。(captain当宾语补语。)
We like Miss Huang, our new teacher.
我们喜欢我们的新老师黄小姐。(our new teacher当宾语的同位语。)
2.名词可当形容词,修饰后面的名词。
I met her at the bus stop.
我在车站遇见了她。(bus当形容词,修饰名词stop。)
3.名词可当副词,修饰动词或句子。【参见不定式在句中的作用,动名词在句中的作用】
I went to the zoo last Sunday.
我上星期天去了动物园。(last Sunday当副词,修饰句子。)

⑷ 跪求一些结构好的英语句子。写作时能用用。万分感谢

on no account can we deny the fact that the present-day society is like a feast full of delicacy, apart from that,XXX is just like the tantalizing crumbs that allure our appetite

in the present-day sociey full of kaleidoscopic spectacles, XXX seems to a part that never fails to attract our attention
想要其他哪方面的,可以在内线交谈容

⑸ 英语中名词结构可以作插入语,表示作者的看法或态度么 百度了一下,没有提名词结构的。

nobody’s fool没有人是傻瓜作用就是说明Hepburn这个人不傻插入语一般是放在两个逗号之间,很多时候都是名词性短语,作为补充说明,如: Taylor Swift, a popular singer,has released an album last month.

⑹ 在英语中,名词在句中的作用是什么

名词覆盖比较广:人,事物,地方,或者抽象性的事物都可称作为名词。
名词的作用是在句子中用作动词的主语或宾语的词,或是在独立结构中表示名称的词。
不可数名词:没有复数形式。for example: st(尘埃),water(水), money(钱),sugar(糖)etc。
不是所有的名词结尾都可以加“s”作为复数形式。而可数名词可以有单,复数形式,表示一个或多个。
girl--girls,ck--cks,table--tables,etc。

⑺ 如何在英语写作中做到用词生动,简洁,多样,具

1. 如何做到用词生动
中国同学写作喜欢滥用两个词:is 和make。make sb do sth, 这个结构广泛收到中国学生们的欢迎。
这两个词语的问题在于是静态的, there be 句型也是如此。只有尽可能在英语表达中选用短小有力的动词,比如action verb,才能使文章更有活力。
要尽量避免be/make的系动词形式表达,尽可能选择表示强有力的行为动词,写出生动、简洁、有力、耐读和连贯的文章。
例如,如果你想表达“让某事变得更快”,在考场的紧张心情下可能直接会写出“make it faster”,为了让这个词组更生动地表达,我们可以用动词accelerate(v.加速)来取代make词组。Accelerate就是一个“行为动词”。
举例
1.
His criminal record made him unable to be admitted to the university.
His criminal record disqualified him from being admitted to the university.
原句中用了make sb unable to…这个词组,我们可以用disqualify(使失去资格)一词来取代。
2.
Ecological imbalances is the biggest threat to the survival of wild animals and plants.
Ecological imbalances threaten the survival of wild animals and plants, even human beings.
要表达“某事物是一种威胁”,很多学生会直觉地用汉英直接翻译的思维写出sth is a threat to…, 然而,threat其实可以直接做动词,它使得修改后的句子更加的生动。
在日常写作训练中,我们需要摆脱习惯性思维的束缚,直接以英语来思维和表达,而不是先用汉语思维,再翻译成英语。
想要学习更全面的英文行为动词,来改善你贫乏的写作用词?
关注新俊杰微信公众号 (ID: nextleaders),在后台直接留言回复“行为动词”和你的电子邮件,我们会发给你action verb list,内含500个托福常用行为动词。
2. 如何做到用词简洁
善用分词短语
例如
他猛然倒在一把椅子上,椅子被压得吱吱作响。
He crashed down on a chair which proced a protesting sound.
He crashed down on a protesting chair.
有的定语从句可以直接简化为一个分词形式作为定语,修饰名词成分。
善用形容词短语
例如
当我的工作很忙时,不得不经常搬家,我女儿只得转学。
My daughter had to change schools when my work schele was busy and this made it necessary for me to move houses.
My daughter had to change schools when my busy schele made it necessary for me to move houses.
某些单独的形容词就表示复杂的意思
例如
这份杂志内容有趣,文字浅显,立即受到大家的喜欢。
The magazine is immediately popular as its content is interesting and its language is easy.
The magazine has gained immediate popularity at once as it is interesting and easy.
路面结冰,又很滑,加上能见度很低,因为导致了这场交通事故。
The road was frozen and slippery and one could hardly see clearly, so the road accident was caused.
Icy road and poor visibility led to the accident.
运用单个副词
例如
然而,近年来关于该问题的警告引起了公众的广泛关注,这是可以理解的。
Nevertheless, recent alarms about this problem caused wide public concern. This is understandable.
à Nevertheless, recent alarms about this problem have understandably caused wide public concern.
运用抽象名词
例如
他每天花三小时看体育节目。他把心思都放在体育上,这对他的学习是妨碍的。
He spends nearly 3 hours on watching sports events. The fact that he was completely absorbed in sport interfered with his studies.
He spends nearly 3 hours on watching sports events. His complete absorptioninterfered with his studies.
他有才能,人品好,办事效率高,他肯定会提升的。
He is capable, easygoing and works efficiently. He will surely be promoted.
His aptitude, personality and efficiency guarantee his promotion.
运用介词短语
例如
医生给了她一些治疗感冒的药。
The doctor have her some medicine for her cold.
For 就是治疗的意思,写成give her some medicine for curing her cold 就是不了解介词的意思。
英语中at, with, over, out of 等这些介词在表示感情列致使行为时,往往替代动词。如:I am surprised at the news. / He is pleased with your progress.等
3. 如何做到用词多样
“Never use the same word or write the same thing twice in a sentence unless you are repeating intentionally for emphasis or for clarity.”
英语中的意思接近,场合接近的同义词种类非常多,但是汉语的同义词主要集中在形容词上。
中文是意合型语言,不是靠连词,代词等语言手段,而主要是靠句子内在的意思来连接的。这就给句子的表达提出了更高的要求。也就是说句子的意思必须清楚明了,歧视性和模糊性要低,句子才能行文通畅。英语则可以大量变换用词,不会引起歧义。
丰富的词汇变换手段包括——
同义词
例如
I first heard this tale shortly after the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). Later someone told me that the story appeared in a travel magazine.
同义词还可以扩展到结构
例如
One great ignorance about the distant past also makes it difficult to identify great men. For example, no one knows who invented the wheel or discovered he proctive use of fire. Little is known about the invention of writing and of numbers.
近义词
近义词和同义词只是程度上有差异而已。有些词孤立起来看完全没有联系。但是在上下文里指的是同一间事。它们就构成了同义关系。
例如
The Second World War in some ways gave birth to less novelty and genius than the First. It was, of course, a greater cataclysm, fought over a wider area, and altered the social and political contour of the world at least as radically as its predecessor.
笼统词
指的是那些范围更大,意思更含糊的词,比如thing, task等。
例如
Perhaps is will suffice to mention the nuclear bomb. Imagine the effect on a reasonably advanced technological society, one that still does not possess the bomb, of making it aware of the possibility, of supplying sufficient details to enable the thingto be constructed.
4 如何做到用词具体
用词具体忌笼统是使文章具体生动的又一方法。
例如
She had straight A’s and scholarship offers from some of the most prestigious universities in the country.
She had straight A’s and scholarship offers from some of Stanford and Cornell.
在第二句话中,“prestigious universities”被具体地改为“斯坦福”与“康耐尔”
在写作时,要有意识的注意具体词的用法,表示人可以具体地用称谓来表达,如babysitter, colonel, teacher, doctor等;表达“说”,除了“say”或者“speak”还有很多表达方式,如exclaim (大声说)、 blurt (脱口而出)、stammer (结结巴巴说)等。

⑻ 英语写作多用名词

在英文句子中动词不存在少用多用这种说法.一个句子的核心就是动词,在没有专连词的情况下一属个句子只能有一个动词,其他的动词都是要转换成其他形式的.

而主谓宾结构中谓语就是动词,不可能用其他词性的词.
for example:

1.她跟我讲了个故事.
She told me a story.

She是主语,told是谓语,me是宾语

2.他太年轻了以至于不能参军.
He is too young to join the army.

这句话实际上有两个动词:is,join.但是原则是一个句子只能有一个动词,所以这里就把join转换成动词不定式的形式:to join

这只是一个例子,动词可以通过转换形式而可以有其他的用法.
有:动词+ing,动词+ed,to+动词,他们都可以当作名词和形容词用,这就是你问的"动词写成名词"但这种说法是不妥当的,动词怎么能"写"成名词呢...

总之记住:一句话在没有像and这样的连词的情况下只能有一个谓语动词出现,其他的动词必须转换形式.

⑼ 英语里面突出名词的写作方法

在基础写作中,大部分学习者知道以下技巧:
1.something is important写成something is of great importance更好;
2.visit someone写成pay a visit to someone或pay someone a visit更好;
3.see something写成catch sight of something或catch a glimpse of something更好。
这三个句子,后面的写法都是含有名词结构,换句话说,名词结构在书面语中,尤其是高级写作中,扮演着重要的角色。请看以下三个练习,把动词或形容词结构升级成名词结构:
1.solve
→ find/offer/provide solutions to
【例句】
She can find no solution to her financial troubles.
她经济困难无法克服。
U.N. leaders are working hard to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
联合国领导人们正在设法找到和平解决此项争端的方法。
2.poor people
→ people who live in poverty
【例句】
There are many areas in the world where there are people who live in poverty.
世界上有很多地方居住着穷人。
Most people who live in poverty in the USA are immigrants.
美国的大多数穷人都是移民。
3.thank
→ appreciation goes to/express one's appreciation
【例句】
Appreciation goes to Mr. Chairman for giving me the floor.
感谢主席先生给我发言的机会。
I would like to express my appreciation of all your hard work.
我想对您所做的所有辛勤工作表达深切的谢意。
在用词方面,特别是书面语,英语和汉语是不一样的。在汉语中,动词的使用比较普遍,而在英语中,名词结构的使用比较普遍。因此,我们不能用汉语的思维习惯去写英语句子,这同时也是我在大学听说读写拔高的课堂上强调的内容。
接下来,我们通过2013年11月发行的English Digest(《英语文摘》)中的一段话来验证我们以上谈到的内容:
There have been five great extinctions in the history of Earth. One killed off the dinosaurs: another wiped out up to 90% of species on Earth. All were probably caused by geological events or asteroids. Many scientists think a sixth is under way, this one caused by man.
在地球的历史上,一共出现过五次物种大灭绝。一次导致恐龙灭绝;另一次令地球上多达96%的物种灭绝。这几次物种大灭绝可能都是由地质事件或小行星导致的。许多科学家认为,第六次物种大灭绝即将到来,而这一次则是由人类导致的。
根据这段话,其中“一共出现过五次物种大灭绝”并没有写成five great extinctions have happened,而是there have been five great extinctions,这是很常见的表示“……事件发生”的名词结构。“第六次物种大灭绝即将到来”并没有写成a sixth is coming,而是a sixth is under way,也是一个典型的名词结构。
学习写作,培养地道的英语思维很重要,这就要求我们多读、多写、多积累,唯有此,我们才能练就一手英语好文章。希望将来能够在大学听说读写拔高的课堂上跟大家一起学习和进步!

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