㈠ 怎样写好英语段落
段落是文章的缩影。写好了段落，就能比较成功地写出较好的文章。经过中学英语基础阶段的学习之后，大学英语的写作重点就从选词造句转移到了联句成段和联段成篇上。进行段落层次上的写作训练，是写好英语文章的关键一环。下面介绍的是段落结构。
段落（ paragraph ）是由表达单一中心思想（controlling idea or central idea ）的一组句子（包括主题句 topic sentence,推展句supporting sentences及结论句concluding sentence）构成，是文章结构的基本独立单位。本讲我们将就主题句和中心思想这两个方面展开讨论。
主题句与推展句
1． 主题句
主题句（topic sentence）是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。请看下例：
My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Don't argue with parents; they will think you don't love them. Don't argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Don't argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Don't argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mother's rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words: Don't argue.
主题句中提出的 "certain rules" 指的是什么？展开句中通过四个 "Don't argue --" 逐一加以交代。从结构来看，这是一个比较典型的段落，它包括了主题句，推展句和结论句（即本段中的末句）。
1．1 主题句的位置
主题句通常放在段落的开端，其特点是开门见山地摆出问题，然后加以详细说明。其作用是使文章的结构更清晰，更具说服力，便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下的作用，或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。但初学者比较难于掌握，因而在四级考试中，考生应尽量采用将主题句放在段落开头的写作手法。
例1: Our life today depends very much on energy. In towns and in villages, on farms and in factories, machines have made life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods -- everything. Factories and instrial plants use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.
这段文字所讲的主要是能源问题。第一句就概括性地提出“我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖于能源”。而随后出现的三句都是具体事例，对第一句进行说明和论述。我们可以断定第一句为该段的主题句（斜体部分）。
例2: （主题句）No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. （推展句1）Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. （推展句2）In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that proct, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weakness.
以上这段由三句话组成。第一句是主题句，直截了当指出无人不受广告影响这个主题，接着列举两个推展句对其补充和支持，指出我们已无法自由选择所需的商品，理由是广告商已仔细研究了我们
㈡ 英语写作方法
英语写作方法六大原则：
1. advanced words (高级词汇原则)
2. adverbial advanceed (状语提前原则)
3. phrases preferred (短语优先原则)
4.compound sentence, composite sentence and sentence of special kind (并列句、复合句和特殊句式原则)
5. long and short sentences alternately (长短句交替原则)
6. passages in paragraphs(短文分段分层原则)
高分作文的五大特性
1. sense of order (条理性: 段落完整，层次分明）
2. accuracy (准确性: 语法准确，用词精当）
3. fluency (流畅性: 层次清晰，行文连贯）
4. conciseness & variety (简洁、多样性: 语言简洁，不重复）
5. ideological content (思想性: 文章立意高，表达个人观点内容积极向上）
过渡词的使用
过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”，在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用，学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章结构紧凑，启、承、转、合，过渡自然，融会贯通，连成一体。
1、根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十六类：
（1）表并列关系的过渡词：
and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor等。
（2）表递进关系的过渡词：
besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more， what’s worse等。
（3）表转折对比的过渡词：
but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others等。
（4）表原因的过渡词：
because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, e to（由于）, for this reason, owing to, as far as, considering that, seeing that等。
（5）表结果的过渡词：
so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that?, accordingly等。??
（6）表条件的过渡词：
if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。
（7）表时间的过渡词：
when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on,? eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。
（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：
first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）等。
（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：
in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。
（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：
for instance, for example, take … as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。
（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：
in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。
（12）表强调的过渡词：
certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。
（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：
like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, rather than, on the contrary, by contrast, one one hand…, on the other hand, otherwise 等。
（14）表目的的过渡词：
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。
（15）表总结的过渡词：
in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, to conclude, at last, in summary, on the whole等。
（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally 等。
2、文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。
（1） “启”。
用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：
过渡词： first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,
过渡句：It is often said that…,
As the proverb says…,
It goes without saying that…,
It is clear/obvious that…,
Many people often ask …
（2） “承”。
表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：
过渡词： second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what
is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt，
过渡句：It is true that…,
Everybody knows that…,
It can be easily proved that…,
No one can deny that…
The reason why …is that …,
There is no doubt that…,
To take…for an example (instance) …,
We know that…,
What is more serious is that…
（3）“转”。
用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：
过渡词：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, inspite of ..., yet, instead,
过渡句：I do not believe that…,
Perhaps you’ll ask why…
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,
Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,
That’s why i feel that…
（4） “合”。
用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：
过渡词： in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum up
过渡句：From this point of view …
On account of this we can find that …
The result is dependent on …
Thus, this is the reason why we must…
长短句结合
（1）句子既要生动，又要简明扼要。
（2）在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句型，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、复杂句和复合句并用，还可以使用简化句等，一些较复杂的结构如独立结构，分词结构等也可以使用。
（3）可以使用一些特殊句式，如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等，增强语句的表现力，以增加文章“亮点”。强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。(这是我上初中时英语老师给我的，帮助了我，希望也能帮助你。。)
㈢ 如何扩展英语段落写作的方法
很多时候写英语作文字数不够，而这又是一个分数衡量标准，所以要想提高字数，就版要扩充段落权。使段落内容变得饱满起来。
大家可以增加论据，这样能使文章更加充实，也可以增加描述性的话语。
但是切记紧扣主题，不要写成流水账，要是跑题了还不如不扩充了，只要围绕着主题扩展是没有问题的。
㈣ 怎样写好英语段落（二）
段落发展的手段及结尾段的写法 在上一讲我们讲了主题句，推展句的写法；这一讲我们要进一步来谈一谈段落发展的几种手段以及结尾段的写法。 段落发展的几种手段 1． 列举法(details) 作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。 Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand. 根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, ring the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。 常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。 2. 举例法(example) 作者通过举出具体事例来阐述、说明主题句的内容，严格地讲，举例法也是列举法的一种，它们的区别在于：列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少。 我们来看下面这个用举例法展开的段落。 There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them. 本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句中的关键词组different forms of exercises，这三个例子分别由连接词for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最后由引导的结尾句总结全段内容。 举例法中常用的连接词有：for example (instance), one example is, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition等。 3. 叙述法(narration) 叙述法发展段落主要是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物的本末，从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含义，例如： In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping. 这段是按照事物发展的先后顺序，叙述从发现案情、报警、到警察赶到、包围现场的过程。全文脉络清晰，叙述的层次感强，结构紧凑。 常用于叙述法中的过渡连接词有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。 4． 对比法或比较法(comparison & contrast) 将同类的事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析是一种常用的思维方法。通过对比，更容易阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点，例如： The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute. 在这段文字上， 作者为了突出电子计算机运行速度之快，首先将它与人脑进行了比较， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而后，又将这一概念具体到了 "a problem"上，通过对比使读者从 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直观的认识。 常用于对本法或比较法上的过渡连接词有：than, compared with等。 5． 分类法(classification) 在阐述某一概念的段落中，常用分类法。通过对概念中所包括的事物进行分门别类，分别加以叙述，使读者有更为清晰的认识，如： Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in signal flags, Morse code, and picture signs. 在该段中为了说明topic sentence中的 "various forms of communication"，作者将其分为oral speech, sign language, body language及other forms of nonlinguistic language，并逐加阐述。 采用这种方法的段落并没有标志突出的连接词，所述各项均为平行并列关系，所以没有明显的主次之分。 6．因果分析法(cause and effect) 在阐述某一现象的段落中，常采用因果分析法。例如： The role of women in today's society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the women's movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively. 本段中，主题句提出了一种社会现象，推展句则对产生这种现象的原因作出各种解释。 常用于因果分析法的连接词有：because, so, as a result等。 7． 定义法(definition) 在科普文章的写作中，定义法是必不可少的。通过下定义，可以使读者对该事物有一个更直接的认识。 Automation refers to the introction of electronic control and automation operation of proctive machinery. It reces the human factors, mental and physical, in proction, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American instry has been called the "Second Instrial Revolution". 这一段文字使我们了解了 "automation" 和 "Second Instrial Revolution" 两个概念，分别由 "refers to" 和 "been called" 引出。 常出现在定义法中的词语有：refer to, mean, call等。 8. 重复法(repetition) 句子的一部分反复出现在段落中，这就是重复法。它往往造成一种步步紧逼的气氛，使文章结构紧凑，有感染力。比如： Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; -- 该段中反复应用了I was in mortal terror of …我经常处于恐怖之中。 以上， 我们结合具体文章讨论了展开段落的几种方法。在实际写作中，我们往往不必拘泥于一种写作方法，而是将若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有声有色。 结尾段 我们知道文章的开头很重要，因为好的开头可以吸引读者、抓住读者的注意力。同样，文章的结尾也很重要，好的结尾会使读者对全文的中心思想留下深刻的印象，可以增添文章的效果和说服力，让人深思，回味无穷。确切地说，结尾的作用就是概括全文内容，进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想，使读者加深印象；有时也用于展望未来，提出今后方向或令人深思的问题给读者留下回味和思考的余地。 但是，如何才能写好英文短文的结尾呢? 下面就介绍几种写结尾段最常用的方法： 1．重复中心思想: 回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果。 (例1)A sense of humor is really one of the keys to happiness. It gives zest to life to make it worth living. (例2)With all these benefits, it is no wonder that sports and games have now become more popular with people than ever. 2．作出结论: 文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者的观点。 (例1)In conclusion, a good teacher-student relationship can be mutual beneficial. The students gain knowledge eagerly and enjoyably, and the teacher gains satisfaction from his job. (例2)On the whole there are more advantages than disadvantages in the use of TV. Yet different people may have different attitude toward TV. But we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. Its value to people and society depends on how we look at it. 3．应用引语: 用格言、谚语或习语总结全文，既言简意赅又有更强的说服力。 (例1)If you have anything to do, try to do it yourself, for that is the safest way to
permanent success. Remember the famous saying. "God helps those who help themselves." (例2)If we stick to studies day after day, there is nothing that can't be achieved. As an old saying goes: "Constant dropping of water wears away a stone." 4．用反问结尾: 虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，具有明显的强调作用，引起读者思考。 (例1)Therefore, listening skills must be consciously improved. Since it is such an important means of learning and communication, why should we not develop this ability as far as possible? (例2)So，what can we benefit from wealth if we do not have health? 5．提出展望或期望: 表示对将来的展望或期待读者投入行动。 (例1)I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world in the next century. As China will open further to the outside world the language is sure to be spread world widely. (例2) If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relation. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and social ethics people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization. 以上介绍了几种写结尾段最常用的方法，但到底选择何种方法结尾还得根据文体来决定。平铺直叙的记叙文，往往在故事或事实情节讲完时文章也就自然结束了，而说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文都应有一个正式的结尾。希望以上介绍的几种方法能对大家写好结尾有所帮助。 首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic)，这就是段落的统一性(unity)。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(smooth)，这就是连贯性(coherence)。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。 1. 统一性 一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例： Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico. 本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences（不相关语句）而丢分，值得引起注意。再看一个例子： My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Every day I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby。 从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。权责声明：本站所有音乐均网上搜集仅做宽带测试，任何涉及商业盈利目的均不得使用，否则后果自负！如遇英文歌曲不能播放，系歌曲链接失效，请谅解！本站全部英文歌曲的所有权归其唱片公司或歌手所有。请购买正版英文歌曲支持你的偶像！
㈤ summary写作步骤
摘要（summary）是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。
摘要写作（summary writing）是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。下面谈谈怎么写好英文摘要。
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题（the maintheme）和各段的段落大意（the main idea）。
2）弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）摘要应包括原文中的主要事实（main facts）；略去不必要的细节（unnecessary details）。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例。摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。
（4）尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。-
㈥ 英语作文的步骤
一、增加词汇
英语写作要求有一定量的词汇，没有词汇就好比巧妇无米难以下厨。写作时可能出现要写的词记不起来、要用的词拿不准、尤其是遇到同义词、更不知用哪一个好、或词性没记住，结果乱用……. 这都说明平时对单词的记忆不够牢固，理解不清。这就要求我们在记单词的时候多花点力气，要从单词的音、形、义入手，最好不要单独记忆单词，这样容易遗忘，要把它放在句子或文章中一起记忆，这样可把握单词的词义、用法、搭配等词汇特点。除了课本上的词汇必须掌握外，还要进行广泛的课外阅读，来增加词汇。
二、掌握语法
英语中虽有很多句子与汉语相似或相同，但语法与汉语不尽相同，它有自己的基本句型固定搭配、固定短语等。要想写好作文，必须学好语法。英语中有五种基本句型结构，几乎所有的英语句型都是五种句型的扩大、延伸或变化，因此，应牢记这五种基本句型，并不断地练习运用。
1. S +V
2. S+V+O
3. S+V+O+O
4. S+V+P
5. S+V+O+C
这五种句型虽能表达一定的意思，但无法比较自由地表达思想，因此还需对学生进一步进行扩句训练，在课堂上充分发挥学生的想象力，进行扩句练习。其次，要加强句型教学，要对一些句子进行分析，增强他们利用各种句子进行一意多种表达的训练。再次，充分利用新教材中“巩固语言练习”对学生进行基本语感的训练。
三、背诵范文
古人说：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也会吟”。背诵范文是中国人学习语言的传统方法，它不但可以加强记忆、积累语言材料，而且可以定型语式句式，语套模式和行文模式，将背诵用于英语学习更是见效。因为一种语言的具体句子和语篇是无限的，而其结构模式则是有限的。掌握一个结构模式或行文模式就意味着具有生成无数语气和语篇的能力。语言模式的作用类似于数学公式，非常重要。而经典的语言模式则存在于范文之中，所以要熟读背诵。
四、以说促写
说话是作文的先导，是作文的起步。俗话说：“只有出口成章，才能下笔成文”。在教学过程中，教师可有意识地让学生用词造句，由词生文练习。由易到难，循序渐进地让学生说。
可以把现实生活搬进课堂，模拟生活中的各种人物、情景，让学生在真情实感的角色扮演中
进行口语交际。让学生把生活中的人物通过语言、动作、心理活动表演出来，让学生自由发挥，畅所欲言。也可以通过演讲培养口头作文能力，并引导学生把“说”和“写”联系起来，这样说说写写，写写说说，不仅提高了口语表达能力，而且通过说话过程中对口头语言的叙述，提高了书面语言表达能力，使学生写作能做到中心明确，条理清楚。
五、勤于动笔
适当地进行写作练习是不可缺少的，如果光大谈写作，而从不去动笔写，是写不出好作文的，所谓的熟能生巧就是说的这一点。可以让学生采用写日记的方法来提高自己的表达能力，也可以就不同的题材，自拟题目来写或者就某篇课文来扩写、缩写、改写等，这些都可以用来练练手笔。也可以要求学生随读、随学、随写，读有所得，学以致用。
六、写作步骤
1. 审题
在动笔之前，必须认真审题，分析命题意图。根据题目确定文章体裁，考虑文章内容，把与题目有关的材料分析，整理加以取舍。对属于同一类材料的拟出标题，作文审题在很大程度上关系到整篇文章的成败。有的考生唯恐时间不够，急于成文，不认真审题，结果写出的文章不是离题太远，与原命题大相径庭，就是抓不住重点，杂乱无章，缺乏逻辑性与关联。
2. 列题纲
审明了题义，了解了命题的意图，接下来就是列提纲。提纲有两种形式，即标题式和句式。标题式提纲就是用短语和词组列出文章的层次和段落以及各层次、各段落的大致顺序。这种提纲的特点是简洁、清楚。句式提纲是用完整的句子列出的提纲，这种提纲提供了更加详尽的轮廓。列提纲时，应防止两种形式的混用，句式提纲是句子，而标题式提纲是名词词组。列提纲时要尽量使用平行结构，编号要统一。有了提纲，文章在材料安排上才会层次分明，整体性强。
3. 起草稿
审明了题意，列出了提纲，下一步就是应该分段写作。每段应该只有一个中心，段落的结构要完整。自然段多以该段的主题句开头、中间展开说明和叙述，末句常是结论或内容的归纳。在推展主题目时，要充分利用学到的写句子、写段落的技巧，注意句与句、段与段的衔接和过渡。注意段落的完整性和连贯性。为了使文章紧凑，全文最好一气呵成。
4. 修改
修改是写好文章必不可少的一环。修改是指初稿完成后对文章从内容，形式到语言等进行加工提高，通过修改使文章达到主题明确，内容翔实、结构严谨，语法正确，无拼写和标点错误。
5. 校阅
修改后的文章要认真抄写一遍。誊写时要注意：标题写在第一行的中央，除介词，连词、冠词外，标题中每一个实词都应大写。标题除了疑问句或感叹句外，标题不加标点，即使是一个完整的句子，也不加句号；注意段落首缩进3-4个字母；书写要工整，规范，卷面要整洁，词与词之间要有2-3个字母的间隔 ；抄写完之后，一定要检查一遍。校阅要逐字逐段进行，注意检查语法错误，拼写错误、标点和大小写等方面的错误。花两分钟检查一遍，往往能增强文章的效果、提高考试成绩。
参考资料： http://www.pep.com.cn 首页>>教材与教学>>初中>>初中英语>>教师频道>>论文交流>>本页
㈦ 英语段落写作
Now in the today's society,the phenomenon of the corruption overflowed.As far as I am concerned,the reason for it is that many penple relax vigilance.The rensons for it are listed as follow.Firstly,weather a state is good or not depend on the common people's estimation.As a famous saying goes,"If you are not inquire into it, you will not have a right to speak".So only the common people improve vigilance do they estimate correctly,which can rece the phenomenon of the corruption .Secondly,only under the common people's supervision, can the government serve his people better.After all ,it is disgraced for they to do some corruption behaviours .If everyone improve vigilance,the government dare not do some things that is harm to people .Thirdly,everyone should improve vigilance and stop the bad behaviours as soon as he find the corruption behaviours ,which can avoid the further development of the corruption.
㈧ 英语段落写作的结构要点 要英文回答
The structure of an English essay is separated into three parts.The introction,the body paragraphs and the conclusion.
The introction is where you introce your ideas and give an overview of what you are going to write about.By reading this,the examiner should have a good idea of the content of your essay.
Then you go on to explain your ideas in detail.It is perferred to have one idea per paragrph.Each paragraph should consist of a main statement,an explination and an example to support your idea.
Finally,the essay should end in a conclusion.A conclusion is where all your ideas are summerised and reinforced.The conclusion should end with something that leaves the readers thinking.
㈨ 英语作文的写作方法及技巧
您好!
一般应做到
内容切题:不能走题、偏题
表达清楚:要让别人知道你想说什么，不要用你认为能看懂的汉语式英文句子
意义连贯:中英文化差异造成思维方式和文字表述方式的不同，英文表述更注重事实，所以写英语作文不要过多的进行心理、环境描写，120个字的作文结构要缜密，理由和例子要简洁有力，说明问题，不要东拉西扯。
句法多变:为避免文章平淡、呆板，可使用不同的句式:强调句、倒装句、否定句等等
语言正确:不要犯低级的语法错误
英语作文其实不难，如果你的英语底子不好，不太擅长使用比较复杂的语法，词汇量也比较有限的话。建议用最简单的句子表达意思，句式越简单越好，能表达意思就好，一些生辟的单词如果不会不需要直译，可以用些词组。能表达意思就好，如果不会用用多了反而容易出错，平时作业时可以慢慢积累，可以试着用些当作练习，考试时就不必了，原因就不多说了。我觉得要写好英语作文还是平时多积累些，加上一些练习，比如平时可以多看些英语美文，如果有时间也可以刻意记些，时间长了语感自然就出来了，考试时有可能不知不觉的就闪出了平时的记忆。
多用连接词!
递进型:besides
;what's
more
;let
alone解释型:that
is
(to
say);in
other
words转折型:however;but;yet;otherwise列举型:for
example;such
as
;on
the
other
hand因果型:since;therefore;as
a
result并列型:and;or;also;as
well
as总结型:in
a
word
;in
short;
on
the
whole;in
conclusion见解型:in
my
opinion;speaking;as
far
as
I
am
concerned
祝您成功
㈩ 英语写作四部曲是哪四个步骤
英语写作四部曲的四个步骤：
第一步 审清文题，明确要求
认真阅读试题要求是做好书面表达的第一步。目前高考书面表达以说明文、记叙文和应用文等文体为主以及以图表、文字归纳和图画为提示形式。考生一定要首先领会文章的要求，如文体、格式、人称、字数等。如果是以图画、图表、提纲等形式提供的指导性写作，教师应首先要求学生认真审读图表或提纲，分析其中表达的细节和信息，从中领会命题者的意图，明确该写什么，不必写什么，哪些该详写，哪些可略写，以保证文章切题；然后让学生确定文章的内容要点，列出写作提纲，做到心中有数。
第二步 依篇为据，草拟提纲
审题结束后，动笔写之前，要对文章的篇章结构有一个合理的、清晰的构思，文章的开头和结局，要点的排列顺序，段与段之间如何衔接得紧密，怎样做到前后连贯、文理通顺，都要仔细考虑，特别是开放式作文，列个写作提纲尤为重要。
第三步 连词成句，初步成文
在体裁明确，信息全面，要点清晰的前提下，考生开始用英语写作。在这个步骤中应注意以下两个方面。
● 使用积极词汇、短语和句型。
积极词汇是指在不改变原有意思的前提下，转化为自己熟悉的，有把握能够正确使用的词汇来表达题中所规定的内容要点。有时候某个词、某个句型想不起来了、生疏了或混淆了，要尽量回避。英语成绩较好的学生可以大胆尝试，尽自己所能使用一些高级词汇和语法项目（强调句，复合句，倒装句，非谓语结构），以增加文章的亮点。英语水平较差的学生不要刻意追求长句，少出错误，适当地可增加一两句复合句。
巧用衔接词
行文连贯是阅卷教师比较看重的一个方面。为了使文章在整体上看起来结构严密，浑然一体，增强文章的说服力和感染力，考生应该在句子与句子之间，甚至段落与段落之间，恰当地使用一些过渡性词语，我们称之为衔接词。
第四步 检查修改，誊写工整
文章写完后，还要认真检查，避免出现一些不必要的错误。通常要检查几个方面：一查文题格式是否准确，二查要点是否有遗漏，三查开头和结尾是否点题，各要点的条理是否清晰，布局是否合理，内容是否连贯，四查有无句型、习语及固定搭配等方面的错误，五查有无主谓一致、人称、时态、语态、冠词及名词单复数等方面的语法错误，六查有无单词拼写和大小写及标点符号等方面的错误。当然，规范而整洁的卷面也不容忽视，要给阅卷老师一个好印象。