英语写作层次

A. 一篇英语作文，大学层次，

题目呢？大兄弟

B. 英文写作的四种文体及注意事项

四种文体：

1、记叙文，

2、议论文，

3、说明文

4、应用文：包括书信、通知、便条等。

注意事项：

1、确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样，才能保证所写段落不偏题，不跑题。

2、要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排，避免段落内容的交叉。

3、用好连接词，注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明，思路清晰，文字连贯，就需要在句与句之间，段与段之间架起一座座桥梁，而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。

4、平时多注重积累一些高级词汇也是很重要的。

(2)英语写作层次扩展阅读：

作文关键：

作文是中学英语学习的重要内容之一，也是学生综合能力的体现。它与学生的词汇量、语法、句法能力和逻辑思维能力等有密不可分的关系，在高考中占有相当大的比重。

而许多学生在此方面丢分甚多，以致影响最后总分，因此提高学生写作能力势在必行。

任何文章都是由句子组成的，句子又是由词组、基本句型构成的。要重视词、短语、句型的理解记忆，因此，书面表达要从词组、句型训练入手，强化基础知识。

掌握好词组、基本句型，再配上合适的时态，一篇文章就基本完成。

句子是作文 的基本单位，我们要有意识地进行连句成文的有步骤的训练。

先把词汇写出来，然后巧用一些关联词连句成篇。在大量形式多样的简单句子中，要逐步学会用简单句子表达思想，并学会构写一个语段来表达连贯的思想。

C. 英语写作要点

写作中应注意以下几点：
1. 内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点。（审准题）
2. 作文结构层内次是否清晰。容（引言段，扩展段，结尾段）
3. 语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误 （其实，在作文中考生自己同意哪种观点并不重要，用什么方法来解决问题也没有“标准”答案，只要言之有理、自圆其说即可，当然立意新颖会得高分）
4. 是否能恰当得使用过渡性词语，注意句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间的衔接。
5. 作文字数是否达到要求
6. 卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮。

D. 如何写出层次高的英语作文

书面表达（满分25分）。
1．近年来，西风东渐。圣诞节、情人节、母亲节、愚人节等“洋节”纷纷登陆我国，而且越来越受到年轻人的青睐。人们对这种现象的看法不一。请你根据生活实际，用英语简要描述这种现象，并阐述你的个人观点。
分析：
1）[思路点拨]本文是一篇发散性思维的开放性文章，符合现代高考的趋向，思路很好，检测效度高，区分能力强。选材贴近生活和实际，学生有内容可写。考生应该注意审题，写作要全面。最好从两个角度展开叙述，观点不要偏激。
2）要求：文章要有亮点句子。如果在单纯用简单句，势必影响到阅卷的得分。适当注意句式变换；鼓励学生用高级句子或短语，尽管可能有少量错误，只要符合阅卷思想，仍可给高分。
参考答案：
Great changes have taken place in the past few years, including festivals. Some special days such as “Christmas Day”, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day and Fool’s Day which used to be unfamiliar to us are now becoming better known,attracting a large number of youths.
Having been faced with this fact, I think it’s not completely good to our country. With the coming of foreign culture,chances are that China is in danger of losing its own traditional culture. As is known, the youth is the symbol of a country. Only if every youth loves their own culture better than other’s, our own precious culture can always be alive.
However, every coin has two sides. It also brings some benefits with the entering of western culture. For instance, Mother’s Day can remind us of caring about our dear mothers, and Fool’s Day can provide us with many surprises.
In a nutshell, we should absorb the good things in foreign culture, aiming to make our own culture perfect!
[亮点回放]
1． Great changes have taken place 运用现在完成时态，属于高级句子
2． ，including...是现在分词，是高级词汇/语法。
3． which used to be unfamiliar是限制性定语从句，是高级句子。
4． attracting a large number of是分词短语，是高级用法。
5． Having been faced with是分词以及被动语态的综合运用！
6． With the coming of...是介词with的用法，也可以说独立主格结构在写作中的具体运用。
7． chances are that是新课标新增的短语。
8． in danger of是介词短语在作文的实际运用。
9． As is known...是As引导的非限制性定语从句。
10．Only if every youth loves their own culture better than other’s, our own precious culture can always be alive.本句是倒装结构。
11．However, every coin has two sides.本句是亮点之一：既能承上启下，又能体现档次。
12．with the entering of western culture.是介词的实际运用。
13．remind us of caring about是高级短语的实际运用。
14．In a nutshell是新课标新增短语，是表示总结，是高级短语。
15．aiming to make our own culture perfect!是现在分词的实际运用！
老师点评：本篇文章的参考答案是一篇精品习作，文章内容全面，语言生动，层次性强，亮点很多！书法美妙！过度自然得体！短语、句式、语法三位一体！全篇是上上之作！是很好的参考榜样！正常情况下，应该得到一类的分数！
那么如何写出高层次的句子呢？这是现代高中高考备考的重点；笔者根据自己的教学实践，总结以下思路，希望能抛转引玉，对广大考生有所启迪！
首先：巧背课文，巧析课文，充分利用教材和材料。也就是说，日常学习中，发现不少老师要求学生背课文的篇目不少，但背是为了什么？目的不清。很多人背完了也就完成任务了。我认为，这是浅层次教学，浮在面上，而不能充分利用教材这个财富。我的做法是：在理解、背诵或熟读的环境下，精心分析每一个较为高级的句子或短语，而为己用，并模仿造句，为日后自己作文大好基础。例如：在Mole 4 Great Scientist一文有这样一句话：
As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries Chinese rice proction rose by 47.5 percent.
此处出现了较高级的短语as a result (of)就可以反复训练，直到学生熟练会用。如：
1）由于他的粗心大意，导致考试失败。
（1）As a result of his carelessness, he failed in the examination.
（2）He was very careless, as a result, he failed in the examination.
发散思维：
（3）His carelessness led to his failure in the examination.
(4) His failure in the exam resulted in his carelessness.
(5) His carelessness caused him to fail in the examination.
其次：认真学习，掌握英语基本的造句常识。如：地点状语和时间状语同时出现时，地点状语一般放到前面，地点的顺序是从小到大。如：
Albert Einstein was born in Ulm , Germany in 1879.
It is reported that the Shenzhou V was sent out into the sky in JiuquanGansu, China last year.
第三：巧归词类，巧比较词法，不断丰富自己的造句功能。
如：单词discover ,invent:
When did Albert Einstein discovered the theory of relativity?
As is known , China was the first country to invent the powder in the world.
又如：单词fortunately的用法：
Fortunately, he wasn’t staying in his motherland when the tsunami happened.
再如介词with.
With the child leading the way, the lady found the way easily.
With so much work to do, he has no time to have a break.
With nothing done, he left angrily.
第四：通过句式变换，丰富自己的造句功能。
昨晚我到你家的时候，你碰巧不在家。
You happened to be out when I called on you last night.
It happened that you were out when I called on you last night.
2)他今天没来的原因是他病了。
He is absent today ,because he is ill.
Because of his illness, he is absent today.
The reason why he is absent today is that he is ill.
3)人们刚才还看见他们在大树下玩耍。（主动、被动的转换）
People saw them playing under the tree just now.
They were seen playing under the tree just now.
第五：通过不同的题材，搜集不同的语句，积累丰富自己的造句功能。如书信的写作，从格式到句子，都应该构成自己的语言小库。如：文章开头：
I’m glad to have heard from you./Glad to hear from. Etc.
结尾可以是：
I’m looking forward to hearing from you./I’m expecting an early reply. Etc.
又如对科学家的描述：
Albert Einstein became famous for his discovery of the theory of relativity .
Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in the year 1921.
When Hitler came to power he had to leave Germany and wend to work in the US.
People thought highly of Albert Einstein for his great achievements on science.
第六：仔细研究篇章，注意过度词 的准确使用。这也是对嵌词造句的一种考验。如：besides, in stead(of) ,however, but ,although, now that, since. so, first, second, finally, in the end, as a result etc.准确地利用这些词汇，都是文章的亮点。
Albert Einstein didn’t stay in Germany any more. Instead, he went to America to work on .
Although Albert Einstein became famous , he was still easy to get long with.
第七：正确理解简单句和主从句的内涵，并能得体地运用。从简单句的五种基本用法，到主、从句的各种变化，从省略到让步状语，无处不是提高学生造句能力的机会。如：
1）I want to make it clear that when and where we can solve the problem successfully.
2)This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall.
3)Now that I have been here , I do want to live here longer.
4)I won’t attend the party unless invited.
5Mary wants to be a soldier when she grows up.
6）Child as he is, he has mastered more than 4,000 English words.
第八：正确运用语法知识造句,把它变为生动的高级句子，丰富学生的英语内涵。
How I wish I had your brains.
The moment I heard the news I couldn’t help laughing.
Hardly had we gone there when it began to rain.
Not knowing what to do , we had to ask for help.
On the top of the building stands a little child.
In order to win the first prize, the students are trying their best to make a good preparation.
Frankly speaking, I don’t think what he said at the meeting is right.
Given the chance, I would do it better.
Not until last year did he realize the mistakes he had made.
I found my book where I put it.
第九：巧用常见英语素材进行积累，也就是说，通过阅读文章，包括报纸，不断搜集，把材料上引起你兴趣的句子变为己用，这样日积月累，就会很高的造句能力；同样，英语文章就会上档次，说、写的交际能力就会发生质的飞跃！
跟踪练习：
请根据下列提示写一篇Albert Einstein的文章。
1．出生在1879年德国的乌尔姆城，直到3岁才会说话。在学校他喜欢数学。在他16岁的时候，就有了相对论的理念。
2．在1905年，他出版了关于相对论理论的特殊见解。1909年，他成了一名大学老师。
3．1915年，他概括、出版了相对论。
4．1921年，由于他的杰出贡献，而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
5．由于希特了上台，他不得不逃离德国而前往美国，继续工作。
6．1955年逝世。
参考答案：
Albert Einstein, who is thought highly of in the world, is regarded as the greatest physicist of the twentieth century. He was born in Ulm, Germany, in 1879.However, as a child, he didn’t speak until he was three. When he was studying in the school he showed his interest in maths and then became a good student. At the age of 16, he began to have the idea of relativity. Then in 1905, he first published the special theory of relativity, and in 1909, be became a university teacher . Then in the year 1915, he published the great theory of relativity. Six years later he was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics .Although he was world famous then, he had to leave Germany ,for Hitler came into power. In the end he settled in America, where he went on with his research. .In the year 1955,Einstein ,the great man left the world forever.
一篇优秀文章是难得的，但只要每一位考生，经过努力，考前强化训练，搞好模拟，高考中完全可以写出层次高的英语作文的。

E. 很久没写过英语作文了怎样才能把自己的英语写作提高一个层次

话说其实英语作文用来应试的话就是背点范文
然后记点句式
到时套用进去就好了
然后如果是为了自己的兴趣爱好的得话
就是每天用英语写一小段呗
都是练出来的

F. 英语作文的结构层次

1) 翻译先... 中翻英...句子

2) 连惯式翻译 ... 中翻英连惯式翻译

3) above all...写作的前哨站...英语作文的结构

G. 高考英语作文有哪些层次词

对英语来说，考前几天需要的是心理的调整。 1、首先，应该做一些容易的题目，使自己心情平静。其次，不应强迫自己记忆一些难度比较大、比较容易混的东西。考试前要做一些常规的题目。 2、 听力训练，贵在坚持，直至高考前夕。 3、单项填空淡化语法的考查，重视语境，考点往往是英汉两种文化的差异，如：动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，习惯用法等，并以交际的方式考查。因此建议同学们选择一些具备这些特点的试题做。 4、记叙型完形填空是备考的重点。建议同学们每天做一篇完形填空题，一直到高考，选材要侧重对于心理活动描写分析的篇章。 5、最好天天阅读，在选择材料上要重视科普类文章，阅读这类材料时一定要注意文章的开头或第一段，因为这往往是中心大意所在。 6、短文改错考查的重点是看句子结构是否完整，习惯用法固定搭配是否正确，上下文逻辑是否合理，主谓是否一致，时态、语态是否正确，冠词、代词、连词、形容词、副词以及关系词的使用是否得当。 7、背范文在最后冲刺阶段对作文很有效，基础差的同学可以利用范文中的句子写作，基础好的同学可以利用范文中的关联词和，复合句和高级词汇提高自己作文的得分档次。

H. 英语作文组织不好,文章层次脉络不清晰

溜里脊嘻哈美语第十三期-主动有意识地用连接性结构来进行层次清晰、联系紧密的托福写作
托福写作
溜里脊嘻哈美语第十三期-主动有意识地用连接性结构来进行层次清晰、联系紧密的托福写作
前言：此篇为上一篇（第十二期：用框架性-提示类句型区分托福写作的架构和层次）的姊妹篇，上一篇讲特定位置的提示/连接/过渡句式（架构），本篇则是专门从连接性结构的角度进行各种逻辑关系的系统梳理。
（文章原创，如有转载，务必注明出处为RickyEnglish-47）
另外，两篇文章发于写作其实落点是整体思路及部分转换，只要大家自己熟练掌握并将这两套体系内化，那么之后在英语写作、口语表达和听力理解方面势必会如虎添翼、大幅提高。加油！

*表示比较和对比
*表比较
-be similar to, similarly,
-like, likewise, just like / as;
-the same as, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.

*表对比
-but, instead, while;
-by contrast, in contrast;
-yet, whereas, however, nevertheless
-unlike, different from, on the contrary, on the other hand,
-conversely, as opposed to;
-even though, in spite of

*比较对比常用集
not only...but also, here...there, years ago...today, this...that, the former...the latter, then...now, the first...whereas the second, once...now, on the one hand...on the other hand , some...others

*表层次
on the one hand, ... on the other hand;
First ,firstly, to begin with,to start with, in the first place
second, secondly, still, furthermore; also, and then, next, besides, in addition ; equally important too moreover
third, thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least, finally

*表递进
递进（量上）in addition, additionally, also, then, besides, etc.
递进（程度上）moreover, what’s more，what’s worse, furthermore,

*表列举
*列举关系过渡词语
first of all, to begin with, furthermore, besides, in addition, for one thing, for another

*表举例说明:
for instance, for one thing, for example, take… for example, like, namely, to illustrate, as an illustration, as a case in point, such as

*表强调
in fact, indeed, as a matter of fact,
still, oddly enough,
above all, in any case, anyway,
actually, significantly, interestingly, obviously, apparently, especially,
surely, certainly, undoubtedly, clearly

*表时间与频率
*表时间
Recently, since, before, lately, earlier, early this morning/year/century, at that time, in the past
now, nowadays, at present, presently, now and then,
for the time being, temporarily,
later, next, then, until, afterwards, after a while, after a few days,
finally, at last, eventually, in the end,
During, meanwhile, at the same time, in the meantime/meanwhile,
at first, at the beginning (of sth.), to begin with, to start with
immediately, as soon as, from now on, from then on, in a few days,

*表频率：
Rarely, every, some, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, as a rule,

*表因果
*表原因：
as, since, for,
because, because of, for the reason that... thanks to, e to, owing to,

*表结果
as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore,
accordingly, consequently, undoubtedly, evidently, without any shadow of doubt,
on this / that account, so…that, such…that, in this way

*表转折与让步
*表转折:
but, yet, otherwise, instead, instead of,

*表让步
in spite of; despite the fact that;
though, although, after all, as, even if / even so / though;
admittedly, whereas, however, nevertheless, notwithstanding, while it is true....

however，whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where)

*表总结
*总结关系过渡词语
to some extent, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously,
finally, thus, as has been said, at last as I have shown, as has been stated

*表总结: in short, all in all, in general, in a word, in brief , in conclusion/sum, to conclude, to summarize, in closing
all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, to wrap it up;
to sum up, on the whole,

that is, the point is, in other words, in simpler terms, to put it differently

*在总结处常用的套句：
As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages.
Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.
To sum up / In general / on the whole/ In brief / In short / In a word, it is true that … bring about both positive and negative results. But we can try our best to rece the negative influence to the least extent.
Obviously, in every aspect, …
This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…
As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive.

I. 英语写作方法

英语写作方法六大原则：
1. advanced words (高级词汇原则)
2. adverbial advanceed (状语提前原则)
3. phrases preferred (短语优先原则)
4.compound sentence, composite sentence and sentence of special kind (并列句、复合句和特殊句式原则)
5. long and short sentences alternately (长短句交替原则)
6. passages in paragraphs(短文分段分层原则)
高分作文的五大特性
1. sense of order (条理性: 段落完整，层次分明）
2. accuracy (准确性: 语法准确，用词精当）
3. fluency (流畅性: 层次清晰，行文连贯）
4. conciseness & variety (简洁、多样性: 语言简洁，不重复）
5. ideological content (思想性: 文章立意高，表达个人观点内容积极向上）

过渡词的使用
过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”，在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用，学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章结构紧凑，启、承、转、合，过渡自然，融会贯通，连成一体。
1、根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十六类：
（1）表并列关系的过渡词：
and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor等。
（2）表递进关系的过渡词：
besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more， what’s worse等。
（3）表转折对比的过渡词：
but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others等。
（4）表原因的过渡词：
because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, e to（由于）, for this reason, owing to, as far as, considering that, seeing that等。
（5）表结果的过渡词：
so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that?, accordingly等。??
（6）表条件的过渡词：
if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。
（7）表时间的过渡词：
when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on,? eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。
（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：
first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）等。
（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：
in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。
（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：
for instance, for example, take … as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。
（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：
in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。
（12）表强调的过渡词：
certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。
（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：
like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, rather than, on the contrary, by contrast, one one hand…, on the other hand, otherwise 等。
（14）表目的的过渡词：
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。
（15）表总结的过渡词：
in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, to conclude, at last, in summary, on the whole等。
（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally 等。
2、文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。
（1） “启”。
用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：
过渡词： first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,
过渡句：It is often said that…,
As the proverb says…,
It goes without saying that…,
It is clear/obvious that…,
Many people often ask …
（2） “承”。
表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：
过渡词： second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what
is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt，
过渡句：It is true that…,
Everybody knows that…,
It can be easily proved that…,
No one can deny that…
The reason why …is that …,
There is no doubt that…,
To take…for an example (instance) …,
We know that…,
What is more serious is that…
（3）“转”。
用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：
过渡词：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, inspite of ..., yet, instead,
过渡句：I do not believe that…,
Perhaps you’ll ask why…
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,
Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,
That’s why i feel that…
（4） “合”。
用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：
过渡词： in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum up
过渡句：From this point of view …
On account of this we can find that …
The result is dependent on …
Thus, this is the reason why we must…

长短句结合
（1）句子既要生动，又要简明扼要。
（2）在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句型，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、复杂句和复合句并用，还可以使用简化句等，一些较复杂的结构如独立结构，分词结构等也可以使用。
（3）可以使用一些特殊句式，如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等，增强语句的表现力，以增加文章“亮点”。强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。(这是我上初中时英语老师给我的，帮助了我，希望也能帮助你。。)