『壹』 英语总结作文
如果你是要存档自查，那么我建议你自己写，如果你要交差，那么抄下面的
学期英语学习的总结
本学期我英语考试考了92.5分，在全班是中游偏上，成绩不够拔尖。总思考，对本学期英语学习总结如下：
第一，过分讲究方法和技巧，而不愿意下真功夫。语言的运用是一种技能，但这种技能不是专靠技巧能够获得的。太讲究方法和技巧会被其占用很多的时间和精力，而对学习的内容本身投入较少的时间和精力，因此反而会影响学习的效果。方法和技巧只能适当利用，并且要从自己的学习实践中摸索出适合自己的方法和技巧才会真正管用。
第二，过分讲究速度和效率，不愿花时间经常重复（复习）已学过的内容。语言运用是一种技能，技能则只有靠熟能生巧，要不断重复才会熟练，只有熟练了才会形成一种不假思索的技能。
第三，三天打鱼两天晒网，没有恒心，不能长期坚持学习。技能的熟练要有一个过程，在这个过程中会遇到各种困难，但不能向困难低头，要坚持不懈地反复学习，持之以恒。
第四，不重视听力训练。如果不练习听力，只是默默地阅读和背单词，其结果不仅听不懂别人讲外语，而且阅读水平也难以提高。听力和阅读都是以词汇是基础，学英语要有一定的词汇基础，没有一定的词汇基础，你看再多的东西，听再多的磁带，也象看天书，听天书一样，看来听去，看不懂，听不进，最后搞得头昏眼花，进而是去对英语学习的兴趣，对英语产生厌恶感，要是达到这种程度你也就基本上完蛋了。
综上，我要克服之前提及的缺点，弥补不足，争取在新学年中英语成绩更上一层楼！
『贰』 英语作文-英语演讲比赛失败后的总结
English is more and more popular among people. But there are many people can write English well, while couldn’t speak English fruitly. How to be a successful English speaker? I have some advice. First of all, speak English more. People should take every chance to speak as much English as possible. Secondly, be confident. Do not afraid to open your mouth. Everyone should have confidence for themselves. Third, try to think in the English way. Four, take every chance to do practice. Last, be patient to yourself. Anyone is able to do these; he will be a successful English speaker on day.
英语越来越受大家欢迎。但是有很多人是可以写好英语，却不能流利说出来。如何成为一个成功的英语演讲者？我有一些建议。首先，多说英语。抓住每一个机会讲尽可能多的说英语。其次，要有信心。不要害怕开嘴说话。每个人都应该对自己有信心。第三，尝试用英语的思维方式思考。四，抓住每个机会来练习。最后，对自己有耐心。不管是谁能做到这些；总有一天他是可以成为一个成功的英语演讲者的。
『叁』 阅卷老师总结：英语作文常见10大问题，你中枪否
有很多同学和家长都向我咨询过提高英语成绩的好方法。前段时间也给大家分享过一些英语单词的记忆，英语语法，那么今天我就着重讲一下英语作文。
英语作文的写作技巧固然重要，但是我们在写作之前必须弄清楚要规避哪些常犯的错误，只有了解了这些常规性的错误，写作时才会避免自己犯错，英语作文得分自然不会低。
在我的教学经验中，大部分同学几乎都会犯这10完全可以避免的错误。
1. 审题不清
无论是语文作文还是英语作文，偏离了主题都是致命伤！只要偏题，不管你语言如何规范、准确，都会被判零分。所以，同学们在写作之前一定要把题看清楚，最好是拿笔把关键词勾画出来，以免遗漏或错误理解导致偏题。
比如作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动，有些同学审题不清就容易写成“我最喜欢的活动”偏离了“课外活动”这一主题，这样写出来的作文基本得分不高。
2.拼写错误
单词拼写一直是很多同学的硬伤，单词拼写是由单词记忆得好坏直接决定的。一篇文章里有大量的错误拼写不仅会让阅卷老师觉得英语基本功差，同时也直接影响作文内容的表达，阅卷老师都看不懂这篇作文，得分自然就很低。
因此我建议，同学们在平时的学习中要重视单词背诵，如果在作文中有不确定的单词，那最好是用一个比较简单的同义词来代替。
3.名词单复数的错误
名词的单复数是一个很重要的知识点，但是它其实是很简单的，几乎所有的同学都能掌握，但就是由于粗心大意经常写错。
例如“我父亲和母亲都是教师”这一句话，我经常看到很多同学这样写“my father and my mother is all teacher.”这里的“teacher”是“father”和“mother”的指代，是复数，用单数的“is”就是错误的。正确的应该这样“my father and my mother are both teachers.”
而这种低级错误是完全可以避免的，另外，在改错题和选择题中也会出现这样的情况，大家要注意这种送分题。
4.缺少动词
因为语言习惯的不同，一些同学在作文中常缺少动词，因为汉语的一句话中，可以不表达动词，而在英语中则不行。
例如“我很高兴我能来到中国”，这个句子没有动词作谓语，而用形容词，但英语形容词不能作谓语。很多同学这样错误的翻译“I happy I can come to china.”里面就缺少主语“I”后面应该接的动词做谓语，正确的应该是“I am happy I can come to china.”
5.缺少介词、冠词等
还有一些同学因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法，不了解中英文语言习惯的不同，也会出现明显的错误，造成丢分现象。
例如：“因为大雨我们不能举行运动会”错误的写法为“because heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting.”正确的应该这样写“because of the heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting.”
6.代词的错用
在英语有很多代词的形式，包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分。
此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词，而英语中物主代词是不可省略的，代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。
例如：错误的写法“I mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for i father.”这里的“I”就用错了，汉语中时常说“我母亲……“，但是在英语中应该是”我的母亲“，所以正确的应该这样写：“my mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for my father.”
7.句子不完整
有的同学没有弄清楚英语中的句子结构，因此长出现只写半句的现象。
例如：错误的“many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. for example, my friend in high school.”这段文章的第二句话没有动词，他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误，修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来，把中间的句号改为逗号即可，正确的“many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college, for example, my friend in high school.”
8.前后不一致
这也是很多同学常犯的错误：数量的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等。
例如：1. “人一旦有了知识，他就能想干什么就干什么。”错误的写法“when one have knowledge, he can do what he want to do.”这里one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has ;同理，want应改为wants。这是典型的主谓不一致。因此，应该这样改“when one has knowledge , he can do what he wants (to do)."
9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误
汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化，而对英语来说，这些都至关重要，这也是英语语法中的难点。
例如“当我到达车站时火车就已经开走了”，错误的写法“when I get to the station the train leave.”这句就是典型的时态错误，错误的示例中用的一般现在时，但是第一人称“I”在说出这句话时，无论是“到达车站”这件事还是“火车开走了”这件事都已经发生了，那么当“我到达车站时”发生在说出这句话的现在之前，所以应该用一般过去时“get”应该改为过去式“got”；“火车已经开走了”是在“我到达车站”之前就开走了，所以是过去的过去，因此，要用had left（left是leave的过去式）。正确的应该是“when i got to the station the train had left.”
10.其他错误
除了上述的9点语法与拼写的错误之外，还有单词的大小写、标点符号的错误等，以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。
其实这些错误都是基础知识没有掌握好或者粗心大意造成的，同学们平时应该多加练习，“熟能生巧”，只要做得多了，自然错误就少了。
『肆』 口语大赛总结用英语来说的小作文
把我所在的屋子的灯打开后，望着别的屋子黑的像随时有白色的影子飘过，版我闭着眼睛，伸权手去探那个屋子的灯的开关，亮了。我松了口气。
突然想起了敲门声，我已经，想不做声，忽然想起电视里说有的小偷先是敲门，如果没有人就入室盗窃。怎么办？怎么办？
我慢慢走过去问：“谁啊？”我尽量放平心态，对方没有回音，只是敲门，是不是想等我开门再把我干掉？如果不开门，他一定会用什么方法进来啊！我心生一计——“爸，不知道是谁啊，就只敲门！”我对屋子喊。“得了，你爸根本没在家！”老妈的声音，我开门，对老妈说：“老娘啊，你要吓死我啊！我差点就报警了！”手机就在我身旁。妈妈在那儿笑，而我只有叹气的份了！
怎么样，这个“第一次”是不是特别难忘？
『伍』 求《对这一学期的总结》大学英语作文 谢谢。
作为一名顺利度过大一上半学期的学生，我受益颇丰。回顾加入北航来的点点滴滴，历历在目。作为一名合格的学生，我将在接下来的文章中对这半个学期的学习、生活、思想、活动四个方面进行总结。
学习方面，我克服了从高中到大学转变的种种不适，并在各个科目上取得了初步的令人满意的成绩。经过一学期的锻炼，我认识到了大学与高中在学习动机、学习动力以及学习习惯方面的重大区别，并有了一点心得。
1.高中的学习动机十分简单，那就是高考，学生、老师、学校三位一体为高考，可以说是不择手段。而大学，由于奋斗目标突然变得模糊，学习动机也变得模糊起来。学习的目的性偏弱，不知为何而学习，一门心思追求考试的通过。同时，由于高中的知识内容相对简单，知识点相对少，社会联系相对薄弱，知识理解要求程度相对较低，导致我们在高中阶段可以抛开一切只谋书本；相反，由于大学课程紧密，知识难度高，要求理解陈独强，并且学习的效率与效果直接与未来个人的发展前途息息相关，因此，大学的学习压力大，学生的思想负担也相对较重。加之奋斗目标的模糊，使得学习动机不很明显。这一点，是在大学学习中需要的别注意的。
2.学习动力方面，由于高中的终极目标是高考，学生所面对的是多彩缤纷的大学生活，因此或多或少对未来都是乐观的。而大学生直接面对社会，社会竞争所产生的种种现象随着大学的逐步开放渐渐渗透到大学生活中，其中消极的一面尤其容易对大学生的心理健康造成危害。高中阶段由于学习目标以及前景的清晰，使得学生、家长和学校三方面都敢于投入资本进行运作，学生的学习动力也由三方面共同得来。如学生自己的大学憧憬，家长对学生鼓励以及奖励制度，学校对于优等生的种种特殊待遇等等，都有可能成为学生的学习动力；而大学，则变得截然不同：首先，学校方面的动力消失。不得不提到的是，由于学校的前途、专业的就业前景等都已列入大学生的考虑范围，学生对学校失去了高中阶段的绝对信赖，因此，学校方面的支持效果普遍下降。虽然有奖学金等制度的刺激，但追根芥蒂，学生更关心的未来的发展前途，而不是完成学校的所谓各种“指标”；其次，是家长方面动力的削弱。由于大学生大多远离家乡，失去了来自父母方面的直接关心，心理上属于薄弱阶段。一方面，来自家庭的生活方面的支持突然消失，让许多习惯的高中衣食无忧的学生产生强烈的不适应感。学生不由自主将注意力分散到生活中，造成学习动力下降。另一方面，学生的独立支配感空前加强，使之对高中增经（部分）适用的学习方法产生盲目的怀疑，而急于找到一种独立于从前的大学学习方法。这个因素因人而异，如果在寻找过程中产生焦躁情绪，则也会造成学习动力的下降。最后，由于部分学生在激烈的竞争中暂时迷失方向，奋斗目标也不清晰，造成学习动力下降。
3.学习习惯方面，高中的学习体制与小学、初中并没有本质上的区别，因此高中阶段的学习习惯大多是由多年的累积继承而来。而大学由于学习的体制发生了一定的改变，加之学习动机和学习动力都有所不同，因此学习习惯也应作出相应的改变。
在生活上，我基本上都可以和同学们友好相处，和睦共处，互帮互爱，自己的事情自己做，形成独立自理自立的良好品德。宿舍是一个大集体，八个人生活在同一个空间里面，但是各自的生活习性都不相，这就需要大家互相理解和迁就，只有这样才能和好相处，为我们的学习创造一个良好的学习和休息环境。这个方面我们宿舍就做得比较好。我初中就已经到外面读书，因此很早就过着一种集体生活，所以我比较会理解别人，当然，我们宿舍的融洽和谐关系还很大归属于我们每一个宿友。可是最我我觉得自豪的是，进大学以来，我从来没有一次光顾洗衣部，即使是在寒冷的冬天，我也坚持自己洗衣服，不给自己偷懒的机会。因为我知道惰性这样东西是培养出来的，只要不给它一次机会，它就永远没有可能成为现实中的东西了。还有的是，我在生活中，始终保持干净的作风，做到勤清洁，勤洗手，养成良好的卫生习惯。
思想方面，由于加入思想道德修养和形式与政策等课程，使我的思想道德水平得到了一定的提升。通过一学期的学习，我认识到了国家严峻的安全形势以及个人前途与民族命运的密切联系，使我深化、升华自己对于祖国和学习的认识，坚定了我对党和人民的信心。
活动方面，我表现的比较积极。首先，我加入众多社团，丰富了我的社会经验和与人交往的能力。我一共参加了校舞蹈团、轮滑协会、计算机协会和微软技术俱乐部。其中，微软技术俱乐部要求面试，而我成功的通过了面试。纵观上半学期，我共参加了2次系学生晚会，2次校学生晚会，1次歌手大赛。这些活动，丰富了我的课余生活，使我的大学生活变得充满快乐，并使我认识到了自己在艺术方面的能力。总而言之，我会继续保持在参加活动方面的积极性，并将其和学习紧密地结合起来。
综上所述，我的大学生活还存在着许多不足。我将在接下来的时间里努力奋斗，使自己取得更大的进步。
As a smoothly through the freshman half semester students, I benefited a lot. Review to join buaa dribs and drabs, vivid. As a qualified students, I will be in the following pages of this half semester's study, the life, thoughts, activity four aspects were summarized in this paper. Learning aspect, I overcame the transition from high school to college, and all kinds of discomfort in all subjects made the preliminary satisfactory scores. After a semester exercise, I recognized college and high school in learning motivation, learning motivation and study habits significant difference, and there was a little experience. 1. High school learning motivation is very simple, that is the university entrance exam, students, teachers, school for the university entrance exam, can saying is the trinity of means. While university, because goal suddenly become blurred, learning motivation also has become blurred. Learning, the purpose of weak, did not know why and learning, basically pursue exam through. At the same time, because of high school intellectual content relatively simple, knowledge relatively few, the social relation relatively weak, and knowledge understood requests degree comparatively low, lead us in the high school stage can throw away all the books; only seeks Contrary, because university course closely, knowledge, heay-ty requires an understanding ChenDuJiang, and learning efficiency and effect directly with future personal prospects are closely related, therefore, university study pressure big, student's thought is also relatively heavy burden. Together with the goal of the struggle of the fuzzy, make learning motivation is not very obvious. This, he was in college study need not pay attention. 2. Learning motivation, e to high school ultimate goal is to the university entrance exam, students faces is colorful and university life, so more or less for the future are optimistic. And college students directly facing society, social competition proced various phenomena as university graally opening it graally to university life, including negative side especially easy to college students' mental health hazard. The high school stage for learning goals and prospects of clear, make students, parents and school three respects dare to operate invested capital, the students' learning motivation also by three aspects together to come. If the university students' own parents, longing for students encouragement and rewards system for all kinds of top school special treatment, etc., are likely to become students' learning motivation, While university, then become vastly different aspects: firstly, the school of dynamic disappear. Have to mention is that because the school's future, professional obtain employment prospect, etc. Are all included in the scope of college students of school, students consider lost the high school stage of absolute trust, therefore, the school support general effect decline. Although have scholarship system for exciting, but probes, students were more concerned about future prospects, not finish school of so-called various "target", Secondly, the weakening of parents aspects power. Because most college students away from home, lost from the parents of direct attention, psychological belong to weak stage. On the one hand, from family life support suddenly disappeared, let many habits of high school well-fed glut of student proces strong incommensurate move. Students will involuntarily distraction in the life, cause learning motivation declined. On the other hand, the students' independent dominate feeling unprecedented strengthening, make to high thickening the (part) suitable learning method has the blind doubts, but to find an independence from the former university study method. This factor vary from person to person, if looking for proces in the process, it will also mood anxiety caused by learning motivation of decline. Finally, because part of students in the fierce competition in temporarily lost the direction, goals also not clear, cause learning motivation declined. 3. Learning habits, high school learning system and elementary school, junior high school and no essential difference, so the high school stage study habits are mostly by the cumulative by inheritance. But university because learning system has a certain change, coupled with the learning motivation and learning motivation is different, so study habits also should make corresponding change. In life, I basically can students and friendly co-exist harmoniously, help and love each other, do it ourselves to form independent self-care independence of good moral character. The dormitory is a larger group, eight people live in the same space inside, but their life habits are not and mutually, this needs everyone's mutual understanding and humored, the only way to get along, be reconciled for our study create a good study and the rest environment. This respect our dormitory will do better. My junior high school is already outside reading, therefore very early led a collective life, so I tend to understand others, of course, our dormitory of harmonious relationship is very big still belongs to each of our SuYou. But the most I I feel proud that entered university since, I never once patronize the laundry, even in cold winter, I also insist on my own laundry, don't give yourself the lazy opportunity. Because I know that something is inert developed, as long as we do not give it a chance, it never can become a reality of things. Still have, in my life, and always maintain clean style, accomplish often clean and wash hands, formed the good hygienic habit. Thinking, e to join ideological and moral cultivation and forms and policy course such as my moral level got certain ascend. Through a semester of study, I realized the national severe safety situation and personal future and national destiny close contact, make me sublime ourselves for the motherland and deepening, the study of understanding, strengthened my confidence of the party and the people. Activities, I am playing a more positive. First of all, I join many societies, enriched my social experience and the ability to relate to others. I've attended school dance, skating association, computer association and Microsoft technology club. Among them, Microsoft technology club request interview and, I successfully passed the interview. Spanning half semester, I have participated in 2 times department student party, 2 times of school student party, 1 time singing competition. These activities, enriched my extracurricular life, make my college life has become filled with joy, and made me realize their in artistic ability. In short, I will continue to keep participated in activities of enthusiasm, and its and learning closely together. To sum up, my college life still exist many shortcomings. I will be in the next few months of this struggle, make oneself to make greater progress.
『陆』 学年英语总结作文
英语作文 英语作文的基本要求：
首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题（stick or hold to the topic），这就是段落的统一性（unity）。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅（smooth），这就是连贯性（coherence）。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。
1、统一性
一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例：
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I ，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。再看一个例子：
My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby。
从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。
2、完整性
正象我们前面说得那样，一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如：
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”（心境不平静）Physical work又如何能改变这种情况？为什么它能起therapy的作用？读者得不到明确的答案。因此，要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如：
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法，必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释，整个段落内容空洞，简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话，就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段：
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"?
3、连贯性（coherence）
连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面，前者指的是内在的逻辑性，后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连，句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系；反之，只有意连而没有形连，有时行文就不够流畅。
1）、意连
段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序，不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思，边写边想，写写停停，那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。
A．按时间先后排列（chronological arrangement）
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段从“rose”（起床）写起，然后是吃早餐（“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”），然后是“close to noon”，一直写到这一天结束（“By nine——”）。
B. 按位置远近排列（spatial arrangement）。例如：
From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的写法是由远及近，从远处（“from a distance”）写起，然后“get closer”，再到（“ten feet away”），最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然，按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要，也可以由近及远，由表及里等等。
C. 按逻辑关系排列（logical arrangement）
a. 按重要性顺序排列（arrangement in order of importance）
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
这一段谈的是表达能力，它的重要性与职业，身份有关，从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”，最后是“most important”。
b.由一般到特殊排列（general-to-specific arrangement）
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness，先给出一个general statement作为主题句，然后通过5个 ”perhaps”加以例证。
c. 由特殊到一般排列（specific-to-general arrangement）
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主题句是段首句，它仅提出一个问题：为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较，末句才下结论。
2）、形连
行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语：
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, ring his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上启下的词语有两种，一种是转换词语（transitional words or phrases），另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段（linking devices）。前者依次有：first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个，所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词，约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见，掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流（smoothness）有益，而且对于学生在半个小时内写120个词也是不无好处的。
一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了.我们看下面一个例子：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的”it”之外，没有使用其他的过渡词语.这样，文中出现许多重复的词语，全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话，这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落：
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences．
4、有损连贯性的几种情况：
考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误：
1、不必要的改变时态，比如：
In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改变单复数，比如：
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改变人称，比如：
Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此写作中，一定要注意时态，人称以及数的变化是否正确，要注意保持一致。
英语作文的书写格式
英文书写应符合书写规范，英文字母要写清楚、写整齐、写美观，字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。书写应做到字形秀丽漂亮，通篇匀称和谐。
写英文字母要掌握正确笔顺。如字母i，应该先写下面的部分，然后再打点。有的学生却按写汉字的习惯从上到下写，写快了，就会把点和下面的十笔连在量起，显得十分别扭。字形t应为两笔。不少人却将两笔合成一笔，看上去不像t，倒像l或是e，难以辨认。另外，把r写成v，把q写成把g，把k写成h等等，都是中学生书写中常见的毛病。
不少人在四线三格的练习纸上书写尚有规矩，能按字母的占格、高低和大小要求书写，但在白纸或横线纸上书写，却显得十分幼稚拙劣。字母或跳上跳下，或一律写成同一高度，占上中两格的字母与占中下两格的字母完全没有高低之别。这些现象都要防止。
另外，书写时还要注意词与词之间要保持一定的距离，不能紧靠在一起。字母之间的连写也应该按照习惯，不能随意乱来。
在一篇字数有限的作文里，我们还要注意尽量不把一个单词拆开移行。万一要移行，则必须以音节为单位进行，如revolution这个词，依照音节移行的原则可以按re-，revo-, revolu-这几种方法移行。在移行时，我们还应特别注意以下几点:
1. 单音节词不能移行，即使是字母较多的单音节词，如through等也不能例外。
2．缩略词如Mr.，Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。
缩略的专用名词如U．K.，U．S．A等也不能拆开移行。
3．时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体；不能分开移行。如；
11：00P.M.应写在一行内，不能将11：00和P．M．分开移行；写38℃时，不能将38和℃分开移行。
4．由“年、月、日”表示的日期，如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。如January 6，1980不能将January和6分开移行，但可以把January 6，和1980分成两行。
5．含双写辅音字母的单词，在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成better，necessary可拆成necessary。
但如果双写辅音字母属于词根，后面又加了后缀，就不能将两个辅音字母拆开。如drill加上-ing后构成了drilling，就不可以将它拆成成dril-ling，而只能拆为drilling。
例文：
1.宠物：
A Talkative Parrot
A lady worked in a company. There were a lot of shops on her way to work. One morning, when she was walking to work, she passed by a new pet shop. She was so excited when she saw a parrot sitting beside the door. She really loved birds.
When she stopped to look at the handsome bird, it said to her, "Hey, lady, you are really ugly.”
This made the lady very angry. She quickly left the shop and went to work. On her way home, she passed the same pet shop again. This time the parrot saw her again, it said immediately:
"Hey lady, you are really ugly!"
The lady tried to control herself. She walked to the shopkeeper and told him that if the parrot said it again, she would have the police come and take it away. "I'm so sorry, madam. I promise it won't happen again," the shopkeeper said.
The next morning, when the lady walked past the pet shop, she pretended that she didn’t see it. But the parrot saw her at once and said to her quickly, "Hey lady."
She stopped and looked at the bird coldly. "Yes?" she answered in an angry voice.
The bird, sitting up straight and smiling at her, said, "You know."
2.人物：
Elizabeth Bennet （伊丽莎白）
The second daughter in the Bennet family, and the most intelligent and quick-witted, Elizabeth is the protagonist of Pride and Prejudice and one of the most well-known female characters in English literature. Her admirable qualities are numerous—she is lovely, clever, and, in a novel defined by dialogue, she converses as brilliantly as anyone. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments often lead her astray; Pride and Prejudice is essentially the story of how she (and her true love, Darcy) overcome all obstacles—including their own personal failings—to find romantic happiness. Elizabeth must not only cope with a hopeless mother, a distant father, two badly behaved younger siblings, and several snobbish, antagonizing females, she must also overcome her own mistaken impressions of Darcy, which initially lead her to reject his proposals of marriage. Her charms are sufficient to keep him interested, fortunately, while she navigates familial and social turmoil. As she graally comes to recognize the nobility of Darcy’s character, she realizes the error of her initial prejudice against him.
Bennet家庭的第二个女儿和最聪明和机智，伊丽莎白是自豪感和偏见的主演和其中一个在英国文学的最知名的女性角色。 她令人敬佩的质量是numerous—she是可爱的，聪明，并且，在对话定义的小说，她一样精采地交谈象任何人。 她的诚实、美德和活泼的机智使她在胡话之上起来，并且弥漫她的坏行为类跳起和经常恶意的社会。 然而，她的伶俐的口舌和倾向经常做仓促评断带领她迷路; 自豪感和偏见本质上是故事她(和她真实的爱， Darcy)怎样克服他们自己的个人failings—to发现浪漫幸福的所有obstacles—including。 伊丽莎白必须不仅应付一个绝望的母亲，一个遥远的父亲，二非常表现的更加年轻的兄弟姐妹，并且几位势利，对抗的女性，她必须也克服Darcy她自己的错误印象，最初带领她拒绝他的求婚。 而她驾驶家族和社会动乱，她魅力是充足保持他感兴趣，幸运地。 当她逐渐来认可Darcy’s字符的贵族，她体会她对他的最初的偏见错误
『柒』 英语单词竞赛总结500字作文
一个星期天,吃完晚饭后,我想玩个游戏.爸爸好象猜出了我的心思,决定要和我来一场英语单词大赛.
我们请妈妈来当裁判,我是红方,爸爸是蓝方,比赛规则很简单:第一轮是必答题,每人回答三个问题,答对加一分,答错或答不出都不加分.第二轮是抢答题,由于没有抢答器,只需最先举手,就能答题.到最后看谁的分数高,谁就是赢家.
比赛开始了,妈妈先问爸爸:"'树叶'用英语怎么说?""树叶,恩......"哈哈!爸爸出师不利,答不上来了!"'学校'用英语怎么表示?"爸爸想了一会儿,说:"school!"妈妈点了点头:"蓝方答对一题,加一分!""第三个问题:'太阳眼镜'怎么说?""'太阳眼镜'用英语说应该是......"爸爸又答不上来了,急得抓耳挠腮,脸红脖子粗.第一轮结束,爸爸只答对了一题.
轮到我了,妈妈问我:"'鱼'用英语怎么说?"fish!"我脱口而出.妈妈激动地说:"红方加一分!"爸爸坐在一旁无奈地摇了摇头.妈妈接着问:"'年轻'英语怎么说?"我不假思索地回答:"young!""回答正确在加一分!'友好的'用英语怎么说?"我歪着脑袋想了想,故意装出想不出来的样子,说:"友好的,友好的......"爸爸在一旁得意的笑起来:"答不出了,答不出了吧!"妈妈急得直跺脚,不停地向我使眼色.我冲妈妈笑了笑,大声喊:"K-I-N-D!"妈妈高兴得满脸通红,一边拍手一边说:"干得好!再加一分!""看来我输定了!"爸爸一脸沮丧地摇了摇头.
"下面是抢答题.'校长'怎么说?""headmaster"这一次爸爸抢答对了,加了一分"'干燥的'怎么表示?""dry!"我抢答对了,也加了一分.
半个小时之后,英语单词比赛结束了,我21分,爸爸13分."我赢了!"我兴奋地又蹦又跳.咦,爸爸哪儿去了?噢!原来他拿起了我的英语书在那儿补习呢!
『捌』 急求英语作文《期末开始总结》
期末总结
一转眼，半个学期过去了。回顾这过去的半个学期，有喜有忧，现总结如下：
在日常生活上：以前我是一个衣来伸手饭来张口的“小公主”，而通过这半年老师和同学们的帮助，使我养成了独立性，不再娇生惯养，现在我已经能做一些力所能及的家务了。
在学习上：我深知学习的重要性。面对二十一世纪这个知识的时代，面对知识就是力量，科学技术是第一生产力的科学论断，我认为离开了知识将是一个一无是处的废人。以资本为最重要生产力的"资本家"的时代将要过去，以知识为特征的"知本家"的时代即将到来。而中学时代是学习现代科学知识的黄金时代，中国的本科教育又是世界一流的，我应该抓住这个有利的时机，用知识来武装自己的头脑，知识是无价的。首先，合理安排时间，调整好作息时间，分配好学习、工作、娱乐的时间。时间是搞好学习的前提与基础，效率和方法更为重要。其次，要保质保量的完成老师布置的作业，老师布置的作业一般是她多年教学经验的总结，具有很高的价值，应认真完成。认真对待考试，考前认真复习。另外，积极阅读有关书籍和资料，扩大自己的知识面；经常提出问题，与同学讨论，向老师请教；搞好师生关系，师生相处得融洽和睦；抓住点滴时间学习一些其它专业领域的知识，知识总是有用的。在这学期的期中考试中，尽管取得一些成绩，但离心中的目标还很远，仍需继续努力，抓紧自己的学习。知识无止境，探索无止境，人的发展亦无止境，我还有很多的知识需要学习。
以上是我对高一上学期期末一些方面的个人总结，我将结合这个小结回顾过去，确定未来的发展目标，我对未来充满信心。自然，这需要老师们的精心培养和同学们的真诚帮助。
这个学期结束了。在这个学期里，老师为我们的学习付出了许多心血，我们也为自己的学习洒下了许多辛勤的汗水。这次期末考试，我的每门功课，都取得了比较好的成绩。
总结这个学期的学习，我想，主要有以下几个方面：
第一，学习态度比较端正。能够做到上课认真听讲，不与同学交头接耳，不做小动作，自觉遵守课堂纪律；对老师布置的课堂作业，能够当堂完成；对不懂的问题，主动和同学商量，或者向老师请教。
第二，改进了学习方法。为了改进学习方法，我给自己订了一个学习计划：（1）做好课前预习。也就是要挤出时间，把老师还没有讲过的内容先看一遍。尤其是语文课，要先把生字认会，把课文读熟；对课文要能分清层次，说出段意，正确理解课文内容。（2）上课要积极发言。对于没有听懂的问题，要敢于举手提问。（3）每天的家庭作业，做完后先让家长检查一遍，把做错了的和不会做的，让家长讲一讲，把以前做错了的题目，经常拿出来看一看，复习复习。（4）要多读一些课外书。每天中午吃完饭，看半个小时课外书；每天晚上做完作业，只要有时间，再看几篇作文。
第三，课外学习不放松。能够利用星期天和节假日，到少年宫去学习作文、奥数、英语和书法，按时完成老师布置的作业，各门功课都取得了好的成绩。参加少儿书法大赛，还获得了特金奖。
经过自己的不懈努力，这学期的各门功课，都取得了比较好的成绩。自己被评为三好学生，还获得了“小作家”的荣誉称号。
虽然取得了比较好的成绩，但我决不骄傲，还要继续努力，争取百尺竿头，更进一步，下学期还要取得更好的成绩。
『玖』 英语作文:总结本学期的得与失
在五年级上抄册着一个学期，我得少失多，都是因为我上课不听讲的原因造成的。
在这个学期里，我在前段时间表现好可以，但是到了后半学期，成绩有所下降，是因为我上课不听讲，做小差，上课很苦闷，下课就很爽快，都是因为我迷上了电脑，一到星期六或星期天，我就经常早上玩很久的电脑，下午才依依不舍的离开电脑下去跟小朋友玩游戏。还有以前我在班上的成绩应该可以在前十的，而现在绝对没有了，许多老师看中我的，但现在已经对我失去了希望，这都是我的失。。。。。。
而我的得只有交了许多朋友，让我的人缘旺了起来、快乐度增长了，开心了，除了这些我没有得了，与上面的失比起来，实在是太渺小了，所以我决定五年级下册这个学期一定要上课认真听讲，不开小差，做个好学！！！
『拾』 求一篇总结整个学期情况的英语作文
1.
I have a brother and a sister.I have four subjects ,they are Chinese,English,maths and politics.Of all the subjects,I like English best,so I am good at it.I like sports too.I usually play ball games and go to see the films.I like vegetalbes and fruit.
我有一个哥哥和一个姐姐。我学四门课程，语文，英语，数学和政治。我最
，所以我学得很好。我喜欢运动。我经常打球和去看电影。我喜欢吃蔬菜和水果
2.Time flies so fast, hurried imperceptibly, another year. With the ending of the senior high school entrance examination this year, I finally realized that, I will go to the graating class, perhaps, is already. The word class, I used to be a label two years ago, remember that year and it does not match the relaxed. Now re-examine this word, but not clear. For the unknown future, I always have such a loss. But for a year before, now I write this summary. In fact, this year is very magical year, even if there are too many cracks and regret. Learning, from this semester, give me a big blow or non physical course. A not perfect memories. Mr. Liu Chang also points out, this semester I am really not very stable. In fact, in my own words, is too stable, has been in the class of median, will on average. Overall, think may still miss Liu said "no breakthrough", I thought level is so narrow. But I kept trying, I believe that my hard work is not the average person can match. Some people say it's no use. I admit that some people really useless, because they don't need, they have good enough. Of course, this semester physics problems I think and mathematics. I was not very top that, more or less affect the physical. The following is a mathematical. Or that sentence: my work is not the average person can match. Life is not fair, so you have to get used to it. This is one of Gates's advice. So, now I will be calm and many. Even though sometimes more efforts are not made and others have the same results, I still would like to, at least, I tried. Chinese. The same physical, this semester's language is to enter a low ebb. The practice result again and again, every time I would push deeper trough. Dection scoring than score more, find no reason for such. Is wrong. Wrong really desperate. And the mid-term exam can finally slightly calm my heart. At the end, do not want to say, give and take is not proportional, composition, selection, also do not know to read...... English. In addition to the mid-term exam just rub a 95 point boundary, have a look again and again I unit volume, only from the back numbers. As English experimental class people, such result...... Reflection! English no progress from the middle school, my old soon be eaten...... In the sports meeting, I'm afraid I have to say, is inversely proportional to the pay and harvest. Why I practiced so much, the 800 can back nearly 20 seconds??? Hope God can see my efforts. There is a basketball, must learn to use the left hand, is a waste of time or over obstacles. Some bad things have happened in this semester, I don't want to say. The teacher said very true, I also want to understand a lot, I will try, I was really too...... Don't want to say many, I hope a better future!!!时间过得真的好快，匆匆忙忙不知不觉间，又是一年。随着今年的中考的落幕，我也终于意识到，我即将升入毕业班，或许，是已经吧。毕业班这个词，曾经是我两年前的一个标签，犹记当年与之不匹配的轻松。现在重新审视这个词，却不复当年的潇洒。对于未知的未来，恐怕总是有着那样一份茫然。而对于之前的一年，我现在就写下这份总结。其实这一年还算是很神奇的一年，纵使有着太多的裂痕和遗憾。学习上来说，从这个学期，给我以很大打击的恐怕非物理莫属了。一次次不完美的回忆。
老师也指出，这个学期我真的很不稳定。其实用我自己的话说，就是太稳定了，一直处于班中
，将将上平均分。纵观全局，觉得可能还是刘老师总说的“没有突破”吧，本人思维水平就是这么狭隘。可是我一直在不停地努力着，我相信我的刻苦不是一般人能够
的。有人说那没用。我承认那对一些人真的没用，因为他们不需要，他们已经足够好。当然，这学期物理出现的问题我认为还是和数学有关。我数学本来就不算是特拔尖的那种，多多少少地影响了物理。那面下面就来说数学。还是那句话：我的刻苦不是一般人能够
的。“生活是不公平的，你要去适应它。”这是盖茨的一句忠告。所以，现在我也算是坦然了许多。即使有时再多的努力也不能取得和别人一样的成果，
的会努力，至少，我努力了。语文。同物理一样，这学期的语文也是进入了一个低谷吧。一次次统练成绩，一次次将我推入更深的低谷。扣得分比的得分要多，去找不出这样那样的原因。就是错。错的真是挺绝望的。而期中考试终于可以稍稍安抚我的心。期末，不想说了，付出和收获是不成正比的，作文，选择，还有尚不知道的阅读……英语。除了期中考试勉强擦着95分的边，看看我一次次的单元卷，就只接从后面数分吧。身为英语
的人，这样的成绩……反思反思！英语从上中学就没有进步，我的老本快被吃光了……在体育上，恐怕我要说，付出是和收获成反比的。为什么我练得这么刻苦，800竟然能退上近20秒？？？希望老天能看到我的努力。还有就是，篮球一定要学会用左手，要不然过障碍时太浪费时间。再有这学期发生的一些不好的事，我不想再说了。老师说的真的很有道理，我也想明白了很多，我会去尝试的，以前的我真的是过于……不想再说很多了，希望未来的我更好！！！