A. 对比两篇英文文章的写作手法,这两篇文章,一篇是用故事情节的方法讲述几个人之间的对话对于战争中的悲伤
我觉得首先要点出文章,即引起下文。也就是在开头点明你所认为的三种写作手法,然后中间三段分别阐述论点,最后做总结。至于写作手法,因为没有原文实在不好说,希望对你有帮助。
B. 英语写作方法
英语写作方法六大原则:
1. advanced words (高级词汇原则)
2. adverbial advanceed (状语提前原则)
3. phrases preferred (短语优先原则)
4.compound sentence, composite sentence and sentence of special kind (并列句、复合句和特殊句式原则)
5. long and short sentences alternately (长短句交替原则)
6. passages in paragraphs(短文分段分层原则)
高分作文的五大特性
1. sense of order (条理性: 段落完整,层次分明)
2. accuracy (准确性: 语法准确,用词精当)
3. fluency (流畅性: 层次清晰,行文连贯)
4. conciseness & variety (简洁、多样性: 语言简洁,不重复)
5. ideological content (思想性: 文章立意高,表达个人观点内容积极向上)
过渡词的使用
过渡词是一种关系指引词,一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外,代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”,在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用,学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章结构紧凑,启、承、转、合,过渡自然,融会贯通,连成一体。
1、根据意思和作用的不同,过渡词可以分为以下十六类:
(1)表并列关系的过渡词:
and, also, as well, as well as, or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor等。
(2)表递进关系的过渡词:
besides, in addition(加之,除……之外), moreover(此外,而且), what’s more, what’s worse等。
(3)表转折对比的过渡词:
but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others等。
(4)表原因的过渡词:
because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, e to(由于), for this reason, owing to, as far as, considering that, seeing that等。
(5)表结果的过渡词:
so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that?, accordingly等。??
(6)表条件的过渡词:
if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。
(7)表时间的过渡词:
when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on,? eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。
(8)表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:
first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)(后来), meanwhile(几乎同时), thereafter(在那以后), last, finally, eventually(终于)等。
(9)表换一种方式表达的过渡词:
in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。
(10)表进行举例说明的过渡词:
for instance, for example, take … as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。
(11)表陈述事实的过渡词:
in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。
(12)表强调的过渡词:
certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。
(13)表比较、对比的过渡词:
like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, rather than, on the contrary, by contrast, one one hand…, on the other hand, otherwise 等。
(14)表目的的过渡词:
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。
(15)表总结的过渡词:
in a word(总之,简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, to conclude, at last, in summary, on the whole等。
(16)表增补的过渡词:in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally 等。
2、文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成,在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接,“转”是转折,“合”是综合或总结。
(1) “启”。
用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头:
过渡词: first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,
过渡句:It is often said that…,
As the proverb says…,
It goes without saying that…,
It is clear/obvious that…,
Many people often ask …
(2) “承”。
表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中:
过渡词: second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what
is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt,
过渡句:It is true that…,
Everybody knows that…,
It can be easily proved that…,
No one can deny that…
The reason why …is that …,
There is no doubt that…,
To take…for an example (instance) …,
We know that…,
What is more serious is that…
(3)“转”。
用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中:
过渡词:but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, inspite of ..., yet, instead,
过渡句:I do not believe that…,
Perhaps you’ll ask why…
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,
Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,
That’s why i feel that…
(4) “合”。
用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中:
过渡词: in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus,after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum up
过渡句:From this point of view …
On account of this we can find that …
The result is dependent on …
Thus, this is the reason why we must…
长短句结合
(1)句子既要生动,又要简明扼要。
(2)在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句型,而应注意句式的变化,如长短句结合,简单句、复杂句和复合句并用,还可以使用简化句等,一些较复杂的结构如独立结构,分词结构等也可以使用。
(3)可以使用一些特殊句式,如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等,增强语句的表现力,以增加文章“亮点”。强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。(这是我上初中时英语老师给我的,帮助了我,希望也能帮助你。。)
C. 英语的写作特色一般有哪些
分析文章好来不好,可以从自以下几个方面入手.一,语法.这是最简单的部分,通俗的说就是看有没有语法错误,比方说是不是没有注意到人称的变化,单复数等等.第二,流畅度,或者说逻辑.就是看看译过来的文章是不是前言不搭后语,我感觉国外的很多名著,像钢铁是怎样炼成的,羊脂球等等翻译的都是颠三倒四,一句话重复好多遍,很不地道!第三,修辞.这个就稍微专业一点了,比方说最简单的:he is an animal !(他是个禽兽!)这是个典型的metapher 的句子,还有种种类似于排比啊,明喻啊,拟人啊,等等吧,就凑字数上来说你也可以多举一些例子的.第四,最后可以写写你对这篇文章的整体感受,比方是写对欧洲古典文化的描述,可以写写你对欧洲古典文化的看法等等,好了,就写到这里吧,希望对你有所帮助!
D. 英语作文,结合写作手法分析老人与海主人公圣地亚哥人物性格特征,
比巨来大的马林鱼。这是老人从源来没见过也没听说过的,比他的船还长两英尺的一条大鱼。鱼的劲非常大,拖着小船漂流了整整两天两夜,老人在这两天两夜中经历了从未经受的艰难考验,终于把大鱼刺死,拴在船头。然而在返航时不幸遇上了鲨鱼,老人与鲨鱼进行了殊死搏斗,最终,大马林鱼还是被鲨鱼吃光了,老人历经一番艰辛,最后拖回家的只剩下一副光秃秃的鱼骨架和一身的伤,可还是得到了人们的赞赏。 主人公桑地亚哥是一位老渔夫,他经过重重艰险,捕获了“一条不止一千五百磅重的大马林鱼”,可是在返航的途中,这条大马林鱼却被鲨鱼吃光了,桑地亚哥只拖回了一副鱼的骨架。作品中的形象具有很强的象
E. 英语写作的教学方法
这是一抄个很泛的话题,一般英语写作大部分都有个大概的框架,比如说第一段该写什么内容,一般来说是利用题目给出的话题引出自己的论点,第2段的框架就是在自己的中心论点下发展2个或2个以上的小论点,第2段的内容主要就是写这2个或2个以上的小论点,第3段写总结,总结一般情况下可以比较简单点,重复中心论点或者概括以上的内容。
一篇文章的好坏会根据文章的框架的合理性以及详细内容(包括语法,词汇等),写文章那种框架是很容易记住的,百试不爽。但是实在的文章内容以及语法啊词汇啊
还要根据个人的不同来说,所以一说到英语作文大部分老师什么的会说这东西要根据平时的积累什么的,当然他们指的的是语法和词汇。
最有效的方法就是看那些范文了,大概可以模仿一下。
(个人的想法,给不给分无所谓)
F. 关于英语修辞和写作手法
Analytical structure of speech :
simile 明喻
metaphor 暗喻
personification 拟人
hyperbole夸张
euphemism 委婉语
irony 反语
antithesis 对偶
metonymy 转喻(指代)
litotes间接肯定即双重否定
analogy 类比 将两种本质不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较,来说明道理,把抽象的概念具体化,把浅显的道理浅显化:例 Forests are to nature what the lung is to man. Synecdoche 提喻,是以某事物的局部表示整体,抽象表示具体,特殊表示一般,或者反之。例如: More hands are needed in the work. (hand 是人体的一部分,代表人) There is a mixture of the tiger(残暴) and the ape(狡猾)in his character.
Onomatopoeia 拟声 The stream is murmuring down the hill. Some girls are giggling in the yard. Rain drops were pattering on the window. He heard the twitter of bird’s among the bushes.
Paradox 反论 指似是而非的说法,乍听似乎荒唐,但实际很有道理。
The child is father to the man. 从小看到大。 More haste, less speed. 欲速而不达
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法 指修饰语和被修饰语之间看似很矛盾,但实则相反相成。
Sour-sweet day 酸涩而甜蜜的岁月 poor rich men creative destruction 创造性的破坏 living death 死一般的活着
Pun 双关 即巧妙地利用同音异义或同形异义现象 使同一个词或同一句子表达两种不同的含义,是之含蓄幽默,一语双关。
— what makes the tower lean? Lean指倾斜 和 瘦的
— It never eats.
transfer epithet转移修饰是 通常把形容人的词语用来修饰事物上,或者把通常修饰甲类事物的形容词用来修饰乙类,以简洁、新颖、形象的效果。
A wide-eyed answer a helpless smile embarrassed delight
Dizzy height an icy look dry humor cheerful wine
Syllepsis 一语双关 指用一个词语同时与两个部分搭配,含义上一个为字面意思,一个为比喻意思,可产生幽默、俏皮的效果。
G. 英语的写作手法,修辞手法叫什么
英文与中文的写作手洁及修辞手法是大体相似,下面是英文常见修辞手法:
01
Simile
明喻:标志词常用:like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
例如: I wandered lonely as a stay dog.
我像一只流浪狗一样孤独地四处漂泊。
02
metaphor
隐喻,暗喻
例如:
Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
希望是顿美好的早餐,但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。
03
metonymy
借喻,转喻
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
04
synecdoche
提喻
例如:
1. There are about 100 hands working in his factory.他的厂里约有100名工人。
05
synesthesia
通感、联觉、移觉
例如:
1. The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
06
personification
拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物。
例如:
The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.
夜晚温柔地平复着我们狂热的头脑
07
hyperbole
夸张
例如:
1. I beg a thousand pardons.
我千百次地祈求宽恕
08
rhetorical repetition
叠言
例如:
It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.
它必须用我们这些对于未来,对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。
09
euphemism
委婉,婉辞法
例如:
He is out visiting the necessary.
他出去方便一下。
10
allegory
讽喻、比方
例如:
1. Make the hay while the sun shines.
良机勿失。(在有太阳的时候晒草--制作饲料的干草)
2. It's time to turn plough into sword.
到了该努力的时候了。
11
irony
反语
例如:
It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上不知道几点钟确实是一种好习惯!(反语)