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谈英语写作中的合作学

发布时间:2021-01-20 07:55:55

Ⅰ 英语写作在英语学习中的重要性

别急 会把英语写作能力提高的
谈谈如何提高英语写作能力

关键词:英语写作能力 原则 方法
引言:英语写作能力是英语听、说、读、写四种基本能力之一,英语写作能有效地促进语言知识的内化。Swain(1985)提出“可理解输出”假设,认为包括写在内的语言产生性运用有助于学习者检验目的语句法结构和词语的使用,促进语言运用的自动化,有效地达到了语言习得的目的。通过写作,英语知识不断得到巩固并内在化,有利于英语技能的全面发展。但是,英语写作又是广大英语学习者最感头痛的问题之一,且容易被教师忽视,笔者以为如何提高英语写作能力值得我们认真研究。本文就此谈谈初浅的看法。
一、提高英语写作能力的原则
(一)渐进性原则。要坚持“句—段—篇”的训练程序,由易到难,循序渐进。在英语写作的初始阶段,要始终注意培养学生良好的写作习惯,狠抓基本功训练。在学生掌握了基本句型并能写出简单句子后,再要求学生根据一些体例写出小段的文章。在段落写作中要引导学生分析段落的结构、段落的中心句、句与句之间的逻辑关系、写作手法等,这样有利于下一步一篇文章的写作。在文章写作中要教会学生如何构思文章、如何运用正确的写作技巧等。
(二)多样性原则。要坚持训练形式的多样化及写作文体的多样性。从形式上而言,可以用回答提问的口头作文,也可以用续写故事;可以改写课文,也可以仿写课文;可以写提纲训练谋篇布局,也可以写拓展段训练发散思维……。从文体上而言,可以写说明文、议论文、记叙文,也可以写书信、便条、通知等实用文体。
(三)结合性原则。要坚持听说读训练和写训练相结合。根据语言习得理论,学习者在学习时常先通过听和读吸取语言知识,从而了解别人的思想,再通过说和写来表达自己的思想,让别人了解自己。大量的听说训练能促进读写能力的提高。因此,写与听说读紧密结合,进行多元化的能力训练,可使学生的各项能力互相影响、互相渗透、互相促进。
(四)控制性原则。要坚持写作前的指导,控制学生的汉语语言思维,发展英语语言思维。语言学习在很大程度上主要是模仿,而非随心所欲地自由表达。教师要加强写作前的指导,可给出范文让学生模仿,以熟悉其语篇结构。同时要控制其汉语语言思维,尽可能让学生习惯英语语言思维,以便于学生学习和掌握地道、正确的英语。
(五)持久性原则。要坚持长期、正确的写作训练。英语写作能力的提高并非一朝一夕之事,而是一个长期的、艰巨的、渐进的过程。这就要求教师、学生都要有充分的思想准备,要有坚韧不拔的意志和必胜的信心。
二、提高英语写作能力的方法。
(一)通过积累词汇量,提高英语写作能力。犹如土木砖石是建筑的材料一样,词汇是说话写作的必需材料,也是制约写作能力提高的瓶颈。可以想象,如果要写一个句子,10个单词有8个单词拼写错误或拼写不出,有2
个单词用法不当,又怎么能清楚地表达自己的思想呢?因此,在平时的教学中要强调学生记忆单词,记住单词的拼读、用法、意思等。记忆单词的方法有很多,各人有各人的记忆方法和习惯,可因人而异。教师可通过要求学生朗读单词、听写单词、默写单词、遣词造句、词汇竞赛等多种方法促进学生记单词。记忆单词是一个长期的反复的过程,要长期地坚持下去,才能不断积累大量的词汇,为英语写作打下坚实的基础。
(二)通过扩大阅读量,提高英语写作能力。古人云“熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟”,这是汉语的一种学习方法,同样可借鉴于英语写作。多阅读是学生增加接触英语语言材料、接受信息、活跃思维、增长智力的一种途径,同时也是培养学生英语思维能力、提高理解力、增强语感、巩固和扩大词汇量的一种好方法,有利于促进英语写作能力的提高。在阅读训练中,教师要注意以下问题:一是指导阅读方法,分析文章结构、中心思想、段落中心句、写作方法等,帮助学生掌握各类文章的结构及写作方法。二要精读与泛读相结合,通过推敲优秀的文章来学会写作方法和选词用词;通过大量的泛读来吸取信息量,扩大词汇量。三要扩大阅读量。提供阅读的材料涉及面要广,才能不断扩大学生的知识面,使学生适应各种题材的写作。
(三)通过提高听说能力,提高英语写作能力。英语听说读写四种能力是相互影响、相互促进的,提高听说能力必定会促进写作能力的提高。要提高听说能力关键在于创设一个良好的英语环境。教师要尽可能地用英语授课,多开展专门的听说训练,同时开展丰富多彩的课外英语活动,让学生沉浸在英语海洋中去领略、去体会、去使用英语,久而久之,学生自然能使用正确的、地道的英语进行交谈与写作。
(四)通过重视写作过程,提高英语写作能力。长期以来,英语写作成果教学法(THE PRODUCT
APPROACH)在我国居于主导地位,教师根据写作的终成品来判断写作的成败,重视写作的技术性细节(如格式、拼写、语法等),忽视写作过程的指导。根据D.Rumechart和J.McClelland提出的连通论(Connectionism)理论,写作包括写前阶段、具体写作、文章修改三个基本过程,这三个过程并非是线性排列,而是循环往复,穿插进行的。教师只有重视加强对写作三个过程的指导,才能更好地提高英语写作能力。在写作前阶段,教师重在指导学生如何挖掘题材,训练发散性思维,以及如何选择材料、谋篇布局等。在具体写作中,教师重在指导学生如何紧扣主题、运用正确的写作方法等。在文章修改中,教师重在指导学生如何修改语法及用词的错误。
(五)通过多写英语摘要,提高英语写作能力。英语摘要是把一篇文章的要点摘录出来,用自己的语言使之独立成一篇短文,这不是简单的摘录,而是忠于原文意思的再创作。写英语摘要有利于学生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章结构,从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局能力。
(六)通过发展英语语言思维能力,提高英语写作能力。英语写作是运用已掌握的内在化语言知识和表达方法,通过思维进行外在化输出的创作,因此英语语言思维能力在英语写作中作用非凡。对于我国学生而言,在英语写作中易受汉语语言思维的影响,难以直接用英语语言进行思维,不利于英语写作能力的提高,因此发展其英语语言思维能力尤为重要。教师要注意对学生的英语语言思维进行多方位、多角度的训练:要采取各种方法训练学生英语语言思维的广阔性、深刻性、发散性和创造性;要教会学生用英语思考问题、回答问题;要从训练形象思维开始,逐步过渡到抽象思维训练;在课文讲解中要尽可能不用汉语翻译而用英语解释,消除汉语思维的影响;要努力创设良好的英语环境,在英语交际中发展英语思维能力。

写好英语段落的三个标准

首先,一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想,该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic),这就是段落的统一性(unity)。其次,一个段落必须有若干推展句,使主题思想得到充分展开,从而给读者一个完整的感觉,这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者,一个段落不是杂乱无章的,而是有机的组合,句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑,从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(smooth),这就是连贯性(coherence)。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。
1、统一性
一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心,任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例:
Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico.
本段的主题句是段首句,controlling idea(中心思想)是take the long trip across the country.文中出现两个irrelevant sentences,一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie,这一段是讲的是Joe and I ,中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有,Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences(不相关语句)而丢分,值得引起注意。再看一个例子:
My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby.
本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有两个irrelevant sentences,一个是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一个是My mother was a premature baby.
从上面两个例子可以看出,native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences.卷面上如果这种句子多了,造成偏题或离题,那问题就更严重了。
2、完整性
正象我们前面说得那样,一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样,虽然有推展句,但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待,给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如:
Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you proce something rather than more anxiety or depression.
本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”(心境不平静)Physical work又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起therapy的作用?读者得不到明确的答案。由于四级统考的作文部分只要求写一篇100~120个词的三段式短文,每一段只有大约40个词左右,因此,要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如:
It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it.
段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法,必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释,整个段落内容空洞,简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话,就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段:
It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming “Help”?
3、连贯性(coherence)
连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连,句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之,只有意连而没有形连,有时行文就不够流畅。
1)、意连
段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序,不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。
A.按时间先后排列(chronological arrangement)
We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.
本段从“rose”(起床)写起,然后是吃早餐(“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”),然后是“close to noon”,一直写到这一天结束(“By nine——”)。
B. 按位置远近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如:
From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.
本段的写法是由远及近,从远处(“from a distance”)写起,然后“get closer”,再到(“ten feet away”),最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然,按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要,也可以由近及远,由表及里等等。
C. 按逻辑关系排列(logical arrangement)
a. 按重要性顺序排列(arrangement in order of importance)
If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.
这一段谈的是表达能力,它的重要性与职业,身份有关,从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”,最后是“most important”。
b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)
If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that “sanguine” and “sanguinary” mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.
这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness,先给出一个general statement作为主题句,然后通过5个 ”perhaps”加以例证。
c. 由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)
I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.
本段的主题句是段首句,它仅提出一个问题:为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较,末句才下结论。
2)、形连
行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语:
Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, ring his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graate on schele. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.
本文中起承上启下的词语有两种,一种是转换词语(transitional words or phrases),另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有:first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是:he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个,所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词,约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见,掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流(smoothness)有益,而且对于学生在半个小时内写足四级短文所要求的120个词也是不无好处的。
一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了。我们看下面一个例子:Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的”it”之外,没有使用其他的过渡词语。这样,文中出现许多重复的词语,全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话,这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落:
Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.
4、有损连贯性的几种情况:
考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误:
1、不必要的改变时态,比如:
In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.
2、不必要的改变单复数,比如:
Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.
3、不必要的改变人称,比如:
Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.
因此写作中,一定要注意时态,人称以及数的变化是否正确,要注意保持一致。

Ⅱ 浅谈如何提高高中学生的英语基础写作水平

新课程《标准》倡导的是任务型的教学模式,让学生在教师的指导下,通过感知、体验、实践、参与和合作等方式,实现任务目标,感受成功;在学习过程中进行情感和策略调整,以形成积极的学习态度,促进语言实际运用能力的提高。以下是我的几点心得:1、积累词汇我们都知道没有词汇,我们无法表达我们的思想,无法与别人正确交流。丰富的词汇有助于使文章更加生动、活泼,更加能够吸引读者。因此,我们要注意词汇的学习和积累。我们要设立一个词汇积累本,在平时的模块学习和复习中,在阅读训练和完型填空练习中,专门收集词组,短语,句型和特别的句子;并且要牢固掌握他们的用法,平时经常拿出来高声朗读,以防因时间长了而忘记以往所学。这样,我们需要用时才能够随时从记忆中抽调出来,也不会有书到用时方恨少的感叹了。在积累词汇时,我们可以针对不同的写作题材和词的用途,把词组分门别类地收集。例如,表示教育类的词组:graate from, department ofuniversity; at college, major in, receive a doctor’s degree, get higher ecation, go abroad for further studies.表示因果总结归纳的词组:as a result/consequence, consequently, generally speaking, last but not the least, in short, all in all, in conclusion, in brief;常见的固定句型:As we all know that, I hold the point that ,There is every reason to believe that ,The main reason is that,Another thing we can’t forget is that, I can’t agree more,Everything has two sides./Every coin has two sides.
这样,有利于我们学习和记忆,为基础写作积累丰富的词汇,为培养英语遣词、造句和谋篇的能力奠定基础。2、掌握句子结构
英语书面表达能够最真实地 反映出一个学生的语言能力和水平。如果要写好一篇五个句子的短文,需要经过较长一段时间的培训;学生要通过大量的语言输入和写作训练才能掌握的技能。学生的写作训练应该从句子的写作入手,然后才到语篇。英语有自己的基本句型和固定搭配短语以及自己的句子结构。几乎所有的英语句子都是这五种句型的扩大延伸和变化。因此,要牢记这五种基本句型并不断地练习运用。掌握了句子的基本结构,也可以减少象There are many students very like the book .这种中国式英语的出现。当然, 我们首先要知道这五种句子:1)S+V2)S+V+O3)S+V+O+O4)S+V+P5)S+V+O+C为了熟练掌握句子结构,我们可以采用以下的方法进行训练1)经常分析划分句子成分 2)扩充和合并句子 3)翻译句子。在此,我们要注意引导学生使用长短句和语言表达的多样性,灵活运用各种句式结构。如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词作状语等,这样能够增加文章的亮点,节奏和韵律美。3、背诵范文和行文模式
经典的语言模式则存在于范文中,背诵范文不仅可以加强语句记忆,积累语言材料,,而且可以定型语式句式,语套模式和行文模式。语言的具体句子和语篇是无限的,而其结构模式则是有限的。掌握一种行文模式就意味着具有生成无数语篇的能力。语言模式和行文模式就如同数学公式一样,非常重要。掌握了行文模式,学生写作时,句子与句子之间的衔接具有逻辑性,行文连贯,而且可以加快学生答题的速度,避免了因时间不足而无法完成写作任务。例如在训练学生写求职信时,我们可以给出求职信行文模式:
• 身份
• 个人特长
• 盼望回信,获得机会I am姓名
, male/female, at the age of , who
个人身份具体信息
. I am writing to apply to work assthand I believe I can do a good job for I am not only good at特长
, but also特长
. Besides,
特长
, which is useful for申请职位.
Please consider my request, and I’m looking forward to your early reply.4、勤于动笔,熟能生巧
光谈写作而不去动笔,是写不出好作文的。在<<高中英语课程标准中的七级语言技能目标规定了高中毕业生在书面表达方面应该具备的能力:
1) 能根据文字及图表提供的信息进行简单的描述;
2) 能写出常见体裁的应用文,例如信函和一般通知;
3) 能描述人物或事件,并进行简单的评论;
4) 能填写有关个人情况的表格,例如申请表等;
5) 能以小组形式根据课文改编短句。
基础写作属于内容控制性的写作。对照课准,教师应该对学生进行各种体裁的写作训练, 设计出不同的文体练习,总结各种文体的特点和规律,不同的题材,我们要给出行文模式,然后反复写,使之熟练。 在训练写作时,我们应该定量限时,形成一种快速完成任务的习惯,改掉学生写作时那种拖泥带水的坏习惯。俗语说得好熟能生巧,因此,我们要坚持勤写多练,每星期固定一定的时间进行写作训练,使学生经常处于英语思维状态,形成英语思维习惯,使学生写出的文章得体流畅。

Ⅲ 谈谈如何在英语写作教学中体现核心素养的培养

教师不是先知先抄觉者,也不是知识的源泉,教师是教学活动的组织者和促进者。不能仅仅把教师定位在“知识的占有者”、“文化知识的传递者”上,教师也要不断提高自身素质,不仅是专业知识,也包括教学艺术和手段。“传道、授业、解惑”的传统界定和“一桶水”的比喻已不符合今天的现实。

Ⅳ 浅谈如何提高高中英语写作教学的趣味性

创设趣味教学情境,营造轻松教学氛围在新课改的教学背景下,传统高中英语写作教学的方回式已经不能答满足学生的学习需求了,现阶段,随着信息技术的快速发展以及素质教育要求的不断提升,我国高中英语写作教学已开始向趣味性教学发展,逐渐摆脱了“一刀切”、“满堂灌”这些教学模式的影响。为了更好的提高实际教学的趣味性,教师就可以在写作教学的过程中积极创设极具趣味的教学情境,让学生在轻松和谐的教学氛围中产生对写作学习的兴趣,进而实现高效学习、快乐学习

Ⅳ 关于学习英语的好处作文(英文)30句

There is no doubt that English is one of the world's most widely used languages. People use a language in one of three ways: as a native language, as a second language, or as a foreign languge. English is spoken as a native language by over three handred million people in the United States, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, some caribbean countries and South Africa. As a second language, English is often necessary for official business, ecation, information and other activities in many countries, it is one of the few "working" languages of the United Nations.
It is said that English has become the language of international trade and transport. Most pilots in planes travelling from one country to another use it to talk with airports. All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in it. It has been said that 60 percent of the world's radio broad casts and 70 percent of the world's mail uses English. At international sports meets, and international of scientists English is the language most commonly used and the most widely used.
English has in fact become the language of international cooperation is science and technology. The most advanced resuits in space, nuclear and computer research are published in it. A scientist who speaks and writes English is in closer touch with the scientists in other countries than one who doesn't.
英语的重要性
毫无疑问,英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。人们使用语言无非有二种情况:作为母语,作为第一语言,再就是作为一门外语。英语,作为母语,有3亿多人在使用。他们分别在美国、英国、澳大利业、新西兰、加拿大还有一些加勒比海国家及南非等。作为第一语言,英语在很多国家的官方事务、教育、信息和其他活动中都是必不可少的。它是联合国仅用的几种工作语言之一。
人们说英语已经成为国际商贸和交通运输语言。大部分飞行于各国间的飞行员使用英语来与飞机场联络。在大洋上航行的轮船都用英语发出求救信号。据说世界上百分之六十的无线电广播和百分之七十的邮递业务用的是英语。在国际体育比赛中和国际科学家大会上,英语使用得最多也最为广泛。
事实上,英语已成为国际科学技术合作的通用语。太空、核能及计算机方面最先进的研究成果都用英语来发表。会用英语交谈和写作的科学家比不会使用英语的科学家,与其他国家的同行们联系要密切得多。

Ⅵ 英语写作:大学生谈恋爱的利与弊

大学生谈恋爱的利与弊(观点倾向于鼓励)英语作文如下:
As we know that senior middle school is not allowed romance, because our parents and teachers think that study is the most important thing for us. Almost major of them hold the idea that college romance maymakeabad influence to our study. Once we enter the college there are no constraints .We are supposed to balance our study and personal life.
There are different kinds of love on campus. Some students regard love as killing time or adding color; some are pragmatic, thinking it's difficult to find a better partner after graation; the purpose of others is for seeking the impetus of study. Anyhow, far away from home and alone, seeking friendship, understanding and love, the boys and girls easily find comfort and appreciation from eachother. As a mater of fact, love is a sharp double-bladed knife. Having it will make you very happy; while losing it, you always feel disappointed and depressed. When the bond of love broken, it’s difficult for someone to get out of the shadow especially for girls . However,we are young,we have enough time to solve these problems and bear the consequences . The meaning of college romance can’t be ignored.
Firstly,it teaches us how to love, how to communicate and how to take care of others.It can’t be denied that EQ is more important than IQ to some extent. you can learn many qualities from her, you will change your lifestyle and habit grally when you stay with him .

Then ,it encourages us to study harder because there is someone we can study together. we can talk about the question together and learn some good thoughts from each other . I think we can absorb knowledge more quickly and efficiently by this way .
What’s more, we can leave some unforgettble memories for college,you know how the time flies, four -year is so short that we must enrich our experience , we travel at somewhere with our good friends or lover, there are many interesting things happened on the way .
译文如下:
因为我们知道,高中是不允许浪漫,因为我们的父母和老师认为学习对我们来说是最重要的事情。几乎主要的想法,大学浪漫会影响我们的学习。一旦我们进入大学没有约束。我们应该平衡学习和个人生活。
有各种不同的爱在校园。一些学生认为爱情是消磨时间或添加颜色;有些是务实,思维很难在毕业后找到更好的合作伙伴,其他的目的是寻求学习的动力。总之,远离家乡和孤独,寻求友谊、理解和爱,男孩和女孩容易找到安慰和欣赏彼此。作为一个母亲事实上,爱是一把锋利的双刃剑,拥有它会让你非常快乐;而失去它,你总是感到失望和沮丧。当债券的爱打破,很难有人走出阴影尤其是女孩。然而,我们年轻,我们有足够的时间来解决这些问题,并承担后果。大学爱情的意义是不能忽视的。
首先,它教我们如何去爱,如何沟通,如何照顾他人。不能否认,在某种程度上情商比智商更重要。你可以从她学到很多品质,你就会改变你的生活方式和习惯慢慢当你留下来陪他。
然后,它鼓励我们更加努力地学习,因为我们可以一起研究。我们可以一起讨论问题,互相学习一些好的想法。我认为我们可以通过这种方式更快、更有效地吸收知识。
更重要的是,我们可以把一些难忘的记忆留在大学,你知道时间飞逝,四年时间很短,所以我们必须丰富我们的经验,我们在某个地方旅行和我们的好朋友或情人,有很多有趣的事情发生了。

Ⅶ 谈高中英语教学如何培养学生的写作能力

在由应试教育到素质教育发展的今天,新课程改革的步伐也逐渐加速,培养学生的能力是所有教师面临的一道难题。在新课程标准中明确指出作为英语教师我们应该培养学生听、说、读、写、合作学习和综合运用知识的能力。通过对学生进行一系列的能力培养后,最终的归结点却是如何运用所学知识。
在初中英语新课程标准中还明确指出“听说读写”是中学英语教学的目的所在,其中“写”是学生学习英语中的难点。“冰冻三尺,非一日之寒”。培养学生英语写作能力并非是一蹴而就的,它必须由浅入深、由简到繁、由易到难、循序渐进、一环紧扣一环地进行训练。因此,作为初中教师要帮学生克服学习障碍和突破这个难点,就必须把学生“写作”能力的培养贯穿在整个英语教学过程中。日积月累,才能有所突破,为他们进一步学习英语奠定基础。那么在英语教学过程中如何培养学生的写作能力呢?
一、培养学生良好的抄写习惯,为英语写作奠定基础
抄写是英语学习过程中“写作”之基础的基础,也是最容易做到的。抄写还有助于学生的记忆。所谓:“眼过千遍,不如手抄一遍”。老师可以让学生从抄写单词着手,到短语、句子,再到段落,循序渐进的培养学生良好的抄写习惯。
单词是学习英语的奠基石,俗话说:“巧妇难为无米之炊”。没有单词做铺垫,语法知识掌握得再好也是望而兴叹。我也常给学生讲,学习英语就好比修建高楼大厦,再高级别的建筑师和工程师,如果没有大量的像砖块、石头之类的建筑材料,是不可能建成高楼大厦的。要学好英语就必须记住大量的英语单词、短语和优美、经典的句子及段落,增加自己的词汇量。因此我每天要求学生把当天学习的新单词、短语、重点句型和段落抄写数遍,直到记住为止。从一开始就这样循序渐进的培养学生良好的抄写习惯,为他们在后面的写作奠定了一定的基础。
二、培养学生的听写能力
每天坚持课后或课前的听写训练,既督促了学生去记忆,检查学生记忆的效果,又培养了学生的听写能力。许多学生往往在做翻译和书面表达题时感到无从下笔,其根本原因之一就是词汇匮乏,句型结构掌握不好。要攻克这一难点,教师要加强对学生记忆情况的监督和检查。每天学习的对话和短文要求学生课后自己听磁带,一句一句的听写下来,然后翻开书自己对照,把错了的勾画出来抄写数遍。单词、短语、重点句型、段落让学生抄写并背诵之后,第二天课前听写,错了的要求学生再抄写并记住,然后让同桌督促其听写,直到写对为止。一个topic完了再听写一次,起到复习巩固的作用,一个单元完了之后,再把本单元的黑体单词听写一次。既遵循了艾宾浩斯的遗忘规律,又合理地进行了复习。这样日复一日,年复一年的坚持下去,学生所学的词汇、句子就会掌握得更加牢固了。
三、加强默写,强化记忆
默写可有效地巩固学生已经背诵了的课文和知识,而且对加深记忆大有好处。因为文字本身就是一种图形和符号,经常默写可帮助我们促进右脑的开发。默写也是运用内部语言背诵的一种形式,既用脑,又动手,可加深对文章的记忆。如果能切实做到循序渐进,长期进行默写训练,那么一定会有助于背诵的质量和效果。
四、加强学生仿写能力的培养、认真批阅、及时讲评
仿写是培养学生写作能力不可缺少的重要过程。学生在学习英语的过程中,每个话题中学习的知识都是和学生的实际生活紧密相关的,作为英语老师就应该要求学生结合自己的实际写一篇短文,或者根据自己的实际回答问题,然后将answers组成一段话, 如在湘教版英语八年级上Unit 1—topic 1 What’s your favorite sport ? page 8 Part 4 一部分就是要求学生Ask and answer the following questions . Then form a passage .
1.What’s your favorite sport ?
2.How often do you play sports ?
3.What other sport do you like ?
4.Who’s your favorite sportsman / sportswoman ?
5.What’s the most popular sport in our country ?
通过本话题的学习学生都能很好地根据自己的实际回答这几个问题,然后要求学生把问题的答案连起来说一遍,学生也能顺利通过这一关。最后要求学生增加一些内容把短文写得更长一点,哪怕只加一两句话都行。通过循序渐进地对学生进行引导和训练,90%以上的同学都能很好的进行扩写。
又如在湘教版英语八年级上Unit 3 My Hobby —topic 1 的学习过程中,学到了page 56 Part 2 的那篇短文时,就要求学生用I used to …和I didn’t used to …仿写一篇以“My Hobby”为题目

Ⅷ 浅谈高中英语写作教学中应重点关注的几个问题

1、浅谈高中英语写作教学中应重点关注的几个问题 2、注重写作训练的多样化 3、注重写作的规范化 4、注重写作时教师的指导作用

Ⅸ 谈谈目前新课程背景下高中英语写作教学存在什么问题

中学生英语写作中常见的问题(一)基础的语法词汇知识掌握不熟练要想充分地表达自己的思想,掌握内足够的词汇容量是前提,准确理解词义是基础,写出语法正确、结构合理句子是目的。由于高中起始阶段,老师在教学中,常常忽视初高中教学内容的衔接,而新课标教材跨度大,起点高,加上许多学生初中英语底子薄,学习方法不当,对学习英语产生畏惧心理,难以跟上老师的教学。因此,他们在写作时就感觉力不从心,无法用英语正确地表达自己的思想。(二)不会使用关联词许多学生虽然具备一定的语法词汇知识,会使用五种简单句式,但他们的文章表达不足之处包括层次不清、句式缺乏变换、前后衔接手段单调等。说具体一点,对于并列连词,如:or
but and so等,以及从属连词。

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