1. 英语定语从句要点及例子
【第一要点】连接词选用技巧：1.从句缺乏宾语，用which和that，及物动词＋which/that。2.从句主语＋宾语成分完整，用不及物动词＋where/when/why。3.从句缺乏主语，表语定语成分，用who,whom,whose.
【第二要点】限制性定语从句只能用that的情况：1. 先行词本身为all,few,much,little,some,very,none,everying,anything,nothing , (切记没有something)。2.先行词有最高级和序数词修饰。3.先行词被the one , the very修饰。4.先行词既有人又有物。5.先行词定语从句中做表语。
【第三要点】同位语和定语从句的区别在【that】用法上：①【同位语中】：that+引导的从句（句子主宾谓成分完整）且that没有任何意义，不做任何成分，且不可省略。②【定语从句】中：（that）+引导的从句（句子缺少宾语），that需要充当宾语成分，且可以省略。
【第四要点】 1.当出现situation,point,an activity,case,scene,level,这些表示模糊形象地点时，并且后面从句主＋宾成分很完整，只能选where。[例句]:we are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. 2.当出现occasion作特殊时机时表示模糊时间概念，且从句成分也很完整，只能选择when。[例句]：occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day.
【第五要点】such as 和such that 区别：such as 引导的是定语从句，句子成分不完整，as充当主宾表成分。such that引导的是结果状语从句，后面句子不缺成分很完整。
【第六要点】定语从句和强调句三种句型区别：
①. it be + （强调部分）＋ that 从句。 it,be,that,这仨词缺一不可，中间的强调部分作为插入语做题时去掉可以乎略不计。
②. what …+ be …（插入语强调部分）＋be…。这个句型what,be,be,这仨词缺一不可。做题时插入语去掉。
③. As＋完整的从句。
【上面三个句型对比】：
1.It is well known to us that...
2.What is well known to us is that...
3.As is known to us , + 完整不缺任何成分的从句子。
【两道例题】：
1 . ______ was most important to her, she told me , was her family . 分析：填 what , 去掉插入语she told me 后，后面缺乏主语，而且两个was，选择what句
2 . ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. 分析：填As，后面句子不缺任何成分，是完整的句子所以选择as句。
这都是我个人总结的，虽不太全面，但是做题时很实用，只是让我用语言表达出来显得有些笨重。其实真正做起题来很有用，这是我总结的高考或者四级出题比较广泛的几个知识点，打字很累，如果楼主觉得上面的有用帮助了您，请您及时采纳，祝君好运！
2. 英语的六种句型的造句 必须用定语从句
This is the book i like the best
People such as you describe are really seen nowadays
The film brought the hours back to me when i was taken good care of in that far away village
As is known to all, wood floats in water
That is the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen
Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future
After graguating from university, i took some time off to go travellling ,to which turned out to be a wise decision
3. 高中英语作文常用句型
一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
句型1.
It (so) happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如：
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2.
It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to be done/to have been done（还有动词appear等可这样使用）如:
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去过北京。＝He seemed to have been to Beijing before.
句型3.
It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：
It wasn't until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。 It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）
It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）
句型4.
It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）如:
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
句型5.
It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句. 如：
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝He was said to have read this novel.
句型6.
It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。
句型7.
It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：
He didn't come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8.
It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
句型9.
It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：
It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调句型。)
句型10.
It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11.
It is well-known that＋从句。如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman.众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。
句型12.
It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did. 请比较：
It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done. 如：
It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
It was five years since he left here.（同上）
注意下列句型的翻译:It is five years since he lived here.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。
句型13.
It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。）如：
It wasn't long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。
句型14.
It is +形容词(possible, impossible, necessary等) ＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15.
It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. +to do.= 主语+ be +形容词＋to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：
It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。
二、定语从句：
句型16.
由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）
句型17.
由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。
句型18.
由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：
This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.
This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
（说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看关系代词that和which的区别。）
三、让步状语从句
句型19.
No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋从句，＋主句.(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。)如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。
（说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。）
（注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。）
四、条件状语从句
句型20.
When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：
As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。
句型21.
主句＋on condition that+从句.如：
I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。
句型22.
主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如：
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。
句型23.
祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：
Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。
Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。
句型24.
If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的it is被省略。)如：
If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。
五、原因状语从句
句型25.
主句＋in case+从句.（in case表示以免）如：
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
句型26.
主句＋e to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如：
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。
六、时间状语从句
句型27.
When / While / As +从句，＋主句.如：
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。
句型28.
主句＋after / before +从句.如：
They hadn't been married four months before they were devoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。
句型29.
主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句.请比较：主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句.如：
I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
I didn't worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
句型30.
As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句. 如：
My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。
句型31.
No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did. 请比较： 主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did. 如：
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较：I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.
句型32.
Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + done…when / before +主语＋did.
Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请
比较： She had hardly had supper when she went out.
句型33.
By the time+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。
By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。
句型34.
each / every time +从句，＋主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如：
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。
七、地点状语从句
句型35.
Where +从句，＋主句. 如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。
句型36、Anywhere / Wherever+从句，＋主句. 如：
Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较：
I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。
八、目的状语从句
句型37.
主句＋in order that / so that +从句.如：
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。
句型38.
主句＋for +sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如：
He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
九、结果状语从句
句型39.
主句＋so that+从句. 如：
It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很泠，因此河水结冰了。
句型40.
So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词(助动词或系动词)＋主语＋…＋that+从句.
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。
句型41.
主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.如：
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他。
句型42.
Such was + 主语＋that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如：
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。
句型43.
主句＋only +to do sth. (only和动词不定式一起做结果状语)如：
I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚，结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。
十、比较状语从句
句型44.
The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……如：
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。
句型45.
主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象. 如：
He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。
句型46.
主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between …
He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。
句型47.
主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.如：
This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。）
句型48.
主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.如：
This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001.那个公社的早稻产量是2001年的两倍。
句型49.
主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如：
Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。
十一、其它句型
句型50.
It doesn't matter wh-+从句。如：
It doesn't matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。
It doesn't matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。
句型51.
形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如：
Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。
Hard he works, I am sure that he can't pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。
句型52.
Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了。
句型53
Only +状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语…
Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。
Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。
Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。
句型54
Not only +特定动词＋主语＋谓语…but also+主语＋谓语… 如：
Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。
句型55
whether…or…, neither…nor…, either…or… 如：
Whether he will come or not isn't important.他不来不重要。
句型56
主语＋doubt＋whether + 从句. 请比较： 主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句. 如：
I don't doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。
4. 英语里面的定语从句是个什么句型
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行版词.定语从句权通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出.
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等.
关系副词有：when, where, why等.
5. 英语 7种 基本句型
句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。只存在一个主谓关系的句子叫简单句，即一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成。当我们需要把几个意思连在一起时，可用标点符号或等立连词或连接副词把几个简单句连接成一个并列句。它们之间的关系是同等的。当一个句子由一个逐句和一个或从句构成时，这就是复合句。复合句的主语往往可以独立存在，从句则只作一个句子成分。本单元重点掌握疑问句，弄清楚各种疑问句的结构及用法，能正确完成附加疑问句部分，能回答各种疑问句。掌握简单句、并列句及复合句的句型结构；学会简单句与并列句、简单句与复合句、并列句与复合句的转换；学会将直接引语变为间接引语；掌握名词从句的用法。
【定语从句】
定语从句在句中作定语用，修饰句中的某些名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，先行词一般为人、物或事件。定语从句一般皆放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词或关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词在定语从句中作状语。本章要求掌握重点是定语从句的用法，及正确使用定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
【状语从句】
状语从句是担任状语成分的从属句，一般由从属连接词和一些能表示从属关系的词和结构来连接。状语从句根据其用途分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步、方式状语从句等。本单元重点掌握状语从句的用途，掌握正确使用引导状语从句的从属连词，注意状语从句的时态变化。
【It 引导结构】
It 既是代词又是引词。作代词时，它可作人称代词、指示代词、非人称代词，用于前指、非确指或习语中。作引词时，它本身无实义，只起先行引导的作用。可作形式主语或形式宾语，真实地主语或宾语是不定式、动名词或名词从句，它们则放在后面。It 也用于强调句结构。如想强调某个词或部分，可用it is (was) 强调部分（主语、宾语或状语） that(who)…的强调结构。本章要求了解代词 it 和引词it 的各种用法，重点掌握it 用于前指或后指；引词it 用于强调结构。
【词序、倒装、省略】
英语有五种基本结构，主语 谓语、主语 联系动词 表语、主语 谓语 宾语、主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语、主语 谓语 宾语 宾补。其它各种句子皆由此五种句型转换、缩略或扩展而成。倒装饰相对于句子的正常语序而言的，将句子的其它成分提至主语之前。如果在主语之前是整个谓语部分，就称为全倒装；如只是谓语的一部分，如系动词、助动词、情态动词等，或是句中任一强调部分，就是部分倒装。为了避免重复，英语句子有时一个或更多的成分会被省略，这样的句子就称为省略句。省略部分常是主语、谓语或谓语部分、宾语、主语和谓语、不定式、冠词等。
本单元要求了解句子的正常顺序，掌握省略与倒装的正确使用及它们的结构、词序与方法。
【构词法】
词法研究的对象是各种词的形式及用法。英语主要有四种构词法：前缀法、后缀法、转化与合成。此外还有一些次要地构词法。本单元要求熟记基本的构词法，具备辨别英语词类的能力。掌握名词的复数、形容词、副词及动词各种形式的 变化，并能通过具体的语言环境及词在句子中的地位和作用来实现它们的词类转化。
6. 写一篇关于清明节的英语作文,里面要有定语从句的句型
您好：The Gregorian calendar year before April 5 for tomb-sweeping
day,24 solar is one.This is the tomb-sweeping day on April 4.In the
twenty four seasons,is also the only qingming festival nights.Chinese
traditional festival,is also the most important holiday of
sacrifice.According to the old tradition,the grave),sacrifice (people to
carry fruits,especially to the graveyard,pack items will be food for
the offerings in the family grave,again will pack incineration,grave in
new soil,fold a few branches in the new green grave,then KouTou
salute,especially home last eat worship.
Tomb-sweeping day,also
called TaQingJie TuLu vegetation,spring season,also is the good
people,so a spring outing,and the ancients had clear outing launched a
series of sports activities.Until today,the tomb-sweeping day,our
ancestors have relatives customs still prevail
希望对您的学习有帮助
【满意请采纳】O(∩_∩)O谢谢
欢迎追问O(∩_∩)O~
祝学习进步~
7. 求英语定语从句重点句型
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名次性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
一、 限定性定语从句
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6. when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
I still remember the first time I met her.
Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.
一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整
译法上 翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句
关系词的使用上 A．做宾语时可省略 B。可用that
C．可用who代替whom A．不可省 B。不用that
C。不用who代替whom
限制性定语从句举例：
(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
(2) China is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）
(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）
难点分析
（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时
(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?
(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
(3) All that can be done has been done.
(4) There is little that I can do for you.
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of ty won’t do such a thing.
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰
(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(1) This is the best film that I have seen.
4. 当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时
(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,
(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/
5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
(1) Who is the man that is standing there?
(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
(1) He married her, as/which was natural.
(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.
2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.
注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which
(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as
(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.
(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.
(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.
注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。
(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.
(四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句
(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t )
(五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句
1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系
(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句
(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句
2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分
(1) The news he told me is true.
(2) The news that he has just died is true.
(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语
(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.
3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以
(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语
(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.
(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.
(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.
8. 英语作文中常用复合句句型，求附中文及语法
并列复合句
1、基本概念：
并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。
2、常见的并列句：
(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。
(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。
(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。
主从复合句
1、概念：
主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也严格要求。) / It seemed as if the meeting would never end.(看起来会议没完没了。) / Hurry up, or (else) you'll be late.(快点, 要不然就来不及了。) / However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them.(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。)
2、分类：
从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见以下各条）
3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法：
(1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后
例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.
(2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...
② 关于宾语从句连词的选择：
若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;
若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;
若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)
例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )
③ 宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；
如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。)
④ 下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：
be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。) / I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。)
(3) 状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。
时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。如： When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I won’t leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。)
地点状语从句通常由 where, wherever等引导。如：Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去！) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永远也不会忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。)
原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。)
目的状语从句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that... 等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身更早为的是赶上第一班车。)
结果状语从句通常由 so that..., so...that... 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one. (他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。)
比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我高多了。) / I don’t have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多)
让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如：Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)
条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as long as等引导,条件状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder. (即将来到的期末考试你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。) / If it doesn’ t rain tomorrow, we shall go hiking. (如果明天不下雨我们就要去徒步旅行。)
[注意] 1、because与so；(al)though与but；if与so不可以同在一个句子中成对出现。2、时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号与主句隔开。
(4) 定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)
② 语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。
③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用：
关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) / Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。)
关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)
④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)
[注解]
1、关系代词只能用that的情况：当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that. 如：All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。) / Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？) / This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。)
2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物。 如：Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner? (你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？) / Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me. (跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。)
3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系代词常常省略。如：Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的人。)
4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who. 如：This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)
(5) 主语从句：在句子中充当句子主语的从句叫主语从句。位于谓语动词之前。通常由that,whether以及疑问连词引导。一般情况下,常用it替代主语从句,而将主语从句移到句尾。如：When we should start is still a question. (我们该在什么时候开始还是个问题呢。)
9. 英语句型转换（改为含定语从句的复合句）
为你解答。
The girl with a flower in her hand is my sister.
The girl （who has） a flower in her hand is my sister.
手里拿着花的那个女孩是我的妹妹。
解释：把介词短语版with a flower改为定语从句，加上引权导词who（指人-the girl），with改为动词has。
10. 英语作文，内容（关于保持健康的），最好带上翻译，再弄个定语从句和高级句式。
What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health.You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.
什么是世界上最重要的事情？我想，答案应该是健康。我们可以在没有钱、房子、车子，甚至衣服的情况下，活着。但是如果我们的健康被带走了，我们肯定就活不下去了。这就是为什么我们总是努力以一种健康的方式吃东西和规律地运动。
In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like french fries or cookies. I also eat little meat. I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins. Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.
为了能吃得健康，我常常避免吃高脂肪的食物，比如炸薯条或甜点。我也很少吃肉。我会吃很多的蔬菜和富含维他命的新鲜水果。每天做运动有助于我们拥有强健的身体。有规律的运动是我们保持身体健康的一个重要部分。
What＇s more, I think friends are an important part of one's health. Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don't. I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. I like to laugh with my friends.
还有，我认为，朋友也是让我们保持健康的重要部分。许多研究显示，有复杂人际关系的人比较不容易得病。当我与朋友一起时，我总是感觉比单独一个人好。当我与朋友一起时，我总是笑声不断。欢笑也是健康的重要组成部分。我喜欢和朋友一起大笑。
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.
通过合理的饮食和规律性的运动，我可以保持身体健康和体重适中。与朋友一起的时光，可以让我的思想和身体一样开心。这些事情听起来很容易去做，但没有很多人能成功做到。我想，我们如果想要健康，那强大的意愿是需要的。