A. 商务英语写作
Brief Introction to Business Letters
Words and expressions:
Letterhead
Reference
Salutation
Complimentary
Attention line
Subject line
Enclosure
Carbon
Full block style（齐头式）
Indented style
Section A Parts of Business Letters
Most business letters have seven standard parts.
They are letterhead, reference and date, inside address, salutation, body, complimentary close, and signature.
When appropriate, any of the following optional items can be included.
Attention line, subject line, file or account number, enclosures, carbon notation, mailing notation and postscript.
Letterhead
Letterhead designs vary with business organizations and occupy the top of the first page.
They may be positioned at the center or at the left margin the top of the page.
A business letterhead, usually printed, contains all or some of the following elements:
The company’s name , address, postcode, telephone number, telex number, fax number, the name of the officer or the director and even some picture or slogan for a symbol of the company.
Reference and Date
A typewritten date is necessarily included in the heading.
The date is usually placed two lines below the last line of the letterhead at left margin for full block style or ending with the right margin for indented style.
It is usual to show the date in the order day/month/year ( English Practice) or month /day /year (American practice).
Avoid giving a date in figures and abbreviations.
Inside Address
The inside address is typed directly below the date line at the left hand margin.
The inside address of a letter to an indivial consists of the person’s courtesy title, name, business or executive title ( it should be used immediately after the name) and address.
When the letter is to a group, the inside address includes the full group name and the address.
Care should be taken to address the recipient exactly as on the envelope.
Salutation
Salutation is placed at the left margin two lines below the inside address and two lines above the body of the letter.
Considered a polite greeting with which a friendly business letter begins, the personal salutation must be appropriate for the first line of the inside address.
If the letter is addressed to an indivial, It is usual to use:
Dear Mr. Smith,
Dear Ms. John,
Dear Prof. Hobart,
Dear Dr. Walter,
The trend is towards Ms. As the courtesy title for all women regardless of their marital status.
When addressing a letter to a firm, Dear Sirs, Ladies and gentlemen or Gentlemen (American English ) would be used.
Attention Line
An attention line is considered a part of the inside address and it leads the letter to a particular person or department when the letter is addressed to a company.
It is usually between the inside address and the salutation or above the inside address ,as shown in examples:
Attention: Import Dept.
For the attention of Mr. Donnan, Sales manager
Attention of Mr. Standard, General Manager.
Subject line
The subject heading is regarded as a part of the body of a business letter.
Usually it is in the upper case or initial capitals/underline and placed between the salutation and the body of a letter to call attention to what content the letter is about. For example:
Dear Ms. Smith,
Our Catalogue No.2,
Opening Sentence
The first paragraph of the body is introctory.
It will always begin with reference to the previous letter received and provide an introction to what will be discussed.
Here are examples as follows:
(1),Your letter of 9’’ September to our Beijing
(2),We refer to quotations of 8’’october and our mail offer of 1’’ December regarding the supply of Speedo swimming caps.
(3)We acknowledge, with thanks, receipt of your binding application form for the 76’’ international Exhibition in March, 1998.
(4),We are pleased to inform you that the arrangements have now been made to ship the cotton underwear under your Order no.456.
(5), We regret up to the time of writing we have not heard anything from you about the shipment under the captioned contract.
Complimentary close
The complimentary close is simply a polite way to end a letter.
The expression for the complimentary close should match the salutation.
It appears in the middle of the page and two lines below the closing sentence for indented layout.
While it starts at the left-hand margin for fully blocked letters.
Only the initial letter in the first word of any complimentary close is capitalized.
Postscript
The signature mainly consists of the addresser’s signature, he typed name of his and his business title.
Name of the company if it is previously printed on the letterhead.
The addresser should sign the letter by hand and in ink above the typed name which the typed post follows immediately.
Signing on behalf of somebody else ,it is usual to write for pp or per pro before he letter.
Enclosure
Enc. Or Encs. Is typed two lines spaces after the signature of the address when something is sent along with the letter.
An enclosure can be anything in the envelope in addition to the message itself.
Examples are as follows: Enc.: 1 Price List
If the enclosed are more than on, the number should be marked.
Postscript
When you find something forgotten to be included in the letter body before the envelope is to be sealed up.
You may state it after the signature in a postscript with a simple signature again.
The adding of a P.S. should, however, be avoided as far as possible.
For examples: PS: the catalogue was sent to you on July 7th.
Section B Format of a Business letter
Full block form and modified block form with indented paragraphs are the two main patterns of layout in current use.
The former is now the most popular practice of displaying business letters.
Its remarkable feature is that all typing lines, including those for the date,
Inside name and address, salutation, subject heading, each message paragraph and complimentary close, begin at the left-hand margin.
Business letters with the full block form, along with open punctuation or mixed punctuations, re paragraphed by equal line spaces.
For this letter-style the open punctuation pattern is used, the end of the date line, the inside address lines, the salutation, the complimentary close and the signature block lines are unpunctuated, but a comma is necessary between the day and year in the date line and the full stop is retained after the abbreviation such as company, Inc. and Ltd.
While the mixed punctuation pattern, the most welcomed style today, requires an absence of punctuation marks from the date line, the inside address lines and the signature block lines except a colon or comma after the salutation and the complimentary close.
Modified block form with indented paragraphs indented style is the traditional British practice with the heading usually in the middle and the date on the right-hand side.
The complimentary close may be in the center or commence at the center point. The mixed punctuation is often used.
B. 商务英语写作要注意些什么
要正式，清楚，有逻辑性。
用问候语开始邮件内容非常重要，例如"Dear Lillian,"。根据你与收件人的关系亲近与否，你可能选择使用他们的姓氏来称呼他们而不是直呼其名，例如"Dear Mrs. Price,"。如果关系比较亲密的话，你就可以说，"Hi Kelly,"如果你和公司联系，而不是个人，你就可以写"To Whom It May Concern:"
如果你在回复客户的询问，你应该以感谢开头。例如，如果有客户想了解你的公司，你就可以说，"Thank you for contacting ABC Company."如果此人已经回复过你的一封邮件了，那就一定要说，"Thank you for your prompt reply."或是"Thanks for getting back to me."如果你可以找到任何机会那一定要谢谢收信人。这样对方就会感到比较舒服，而且显得更礼貌。
然后，如果是你主动写电子邮件给别人的话，那就不可能再写什么感谢的字句了。那就以你写此邮件的目的开头。例如，"I am writing to enquire about …"或是"I am writing in reference to …"在电子邮件开头澄清你的来意非常重要，这样才能更好的引出邮件的主要内容。记得要注意语法，拼写和标点符号，保持句子简短明了并句意前后一致。
在你结束邮件之前，再次感谢收信人并加上些礼貌语结尾。你可以"Thank you for your patience and cooperation."或"Thank you for your consideration."开始接着写，"If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to let me know." 及"I look forward to hearing from you."
最后是写上合适的结尾并附上你的名字。"Best regards," "Sincerely,"及"Thank you,"都很规范化。最好不要用"Best wishes,"或"Cheers,"类的词因为这些词都常用在非正式的私人邮件中。最后，在你发送邮件之前，最好再读一遍你的内容并检查其中有没有任何的拼写错误，这样就能保证你发出的是一封真正完美的邮件！
awful
adjective used to describe something horrible or bad
听
mood
n. state of mind or emotion
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C. 如何提高商务英语的写作水平
想要提高商务英语写作水平，首先书写要正确
(1)恰当的语言风格
我们在撰写正式专的商务英语写作属时，应尽量使用正规的语言;而当起草非正式的商务便条、商务便函及商务书信时，可使用较通俗的口语。
(2)准确的措词和信息
商务写作离不开商务术语，一般常用的商业术语用字简洁。商务英语写作应该特别注意措词和信息的正确性。
同时商务英语写作要求内容书写得具体和明确，因此，尽量使用确定、具体的语言，直接了当地传递信息，说明问题，切忌笼统模糊。
D. 商务英语写作训练该怎么教
一． 抓基本功
1． 大词汇量
写作的基本功包括词汇、各种句型、语法结构、惯用词、习惯搭配等。其中词汇量是写作的前提。没有掌握一定量的词汇，写作寸步难行，“巧妇难为为之炊”说的就是这个道理。根据教学现状、结合学生的实际，我要求学生每天记一定量的单词，并按照单词的词性、含义和用法进行归类、整理。对于平时遇到的高频词我则要求学生用一本“财富本”计时纪录。为了检验效果，我隔一段时间还组织学生进行听写和小测验，没有写对的立即订正。
2． 做摘记，养成善于积累的习惯
现代语言学理论告诉我们，大量的语言输入为语言的输出创造了可能性。在课堂上要养成记笔记的好习惯、课后随时记录一些有用的词汇，短语、精彩的句子和短文，并经常去翻阅诵读，使这些优美句子、语段、各种不同的表达方式成为自己的财富。学生可以参考范文的写作模式、好句子、名人名言和谚语等，甚至在平时训练写作时进行模仿
3． 写日记
写日记是提升写作能力的一种好方法。我布置学生每天写一篇或一周写三到四篇日记，要求用一些课堂上学过的或自己课后学到的短语、句型、和精彩的句子，并时常鼓励学生：只要坚持不懈，定会收到意想不到的效果。
二． 抓日常教学
授课时，教师要尽量用英语组织教学。在课文的词汇和短语教学中，要注意单词的词性、同义、反义比较，各种构词法及各种常见搭配，加强学生对英语词形变化的理解，扩充他们的词汇量，了解短语的用法。鼓励他们口笔头造句，借此培养学生用完整句子表意的能力。指导学生就课文内容进行长句短写，短句译写的口头和笔头练习，帮助学生熟练掌握英语中常用动词句子的结构变化，单词和复句的异同关键所在（如简单的五种基本结构，复合句的类型）。帮助学生熟练掌握用动词句子结构和词义区别。有时结合课文鼓励学生对课文内容、情节重新组织，用自己的话复述。有时另外补充材料，采用各种形式指导学生改写、缩写。
三． 抓习作的批改、点评和指导
教师应对学生的习作给与足够的重视，鼓励学生多些，正所谓“千里之行始于足下”、“天才在于积累”。我们可以让学生自己想题目，写自己想写的，或就学过的短语自编一些短文。同时，要做好必要的写作指导和点评，例如教学生如何布局谋篇，如何用词、短语，如何连段成文，如何体现中心思想。提醒学生注意语言准确、表达通顺、连贯，书写工整、拼写正确等。同时，我们要在指导、点评是告诉学生在写文章之前要先审题，从给出的文字中或图画中分析文段的主题，找出要点，确定要写的体裁、人称和事态；其次，理清思路，确定用哪些重点短语和词汇；再次，开始动笔写，写的时候要注意前后连贯，主谓一致，内在逻辑、联结词等问题；最后，修改润色，注意书写要整洁。修改检查时，一般来说，要检查以下几项内容：
1. 查体裁，查格式。
2. 查句式。看句子成分是否完全，语序是否正确。
3. 查动词。动词是句子的中心，看整个句子的时态和动态是否正确，主谓是否一致，非谓语动词形式正确与否。
4. 查搭配是否符合英语表达习惯。
5. 查标点和拼写
写作能力是一个人外语水平高低的重要标志。这种能力不是突击几天就能获得的。因此，教师平时要注意从学生的实际水平出发，有目的，有计划，又要求有检查有反馈的从以上三个方面进行训练，由易到难，循序渐进，不断激发学生的写作兴趣，提高学生的写作水平。
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E. 商务英语写作求教，怎么写
爱思英语 http://www.24en.com （听说读写资料较丰富）
上海日报Shanghai Daily http://www.shanghaidaily.com ：
商业周刊 http://www.businessweek.com /（有助于商务英语学习）
商业周刊中文版 http://www.businessweekchina.com
经济学家 http://www.economist.com （有助于商务英语学习）
金融时报 http://www.ft.com (英国最受欢迎的商业报纸)
金融时报中文版：http://www.ftchinese.com
财富 http://www.fortune.com/
哈佛商业评论 http://www.hbr.com
福布斯 http://www.forbes.com
企业家 http://www.entrepreneur.com （美国最受欢迎的商业杂志）
红鲱鱼 http://www.redherring.com （美国最受欢迎的商业杂志）
麻省理工开放课件http://ocw.mit.e/index.html （可找到与你专业相关的课程，无需注册，让你在国内可以接受国外的教育）或http://www.core.org.cn/OcwWeb/
华盛顿大学http://www.uwtv.org/ （可以在线视频收看各个领域专家讲座，思想很前沿）
在线英语广播大全http://www.24en.com/radio/，可以直接收听VOA，BBC等几百个英语电台的英语节目了
F. 商务英语（BEC）写作指导：留学推荐信怎么写
1.推荐人与被推荐人的相识、关系
在留学申请推荐信中，一般在第一段不晚于第二段一定要说明推荐人与被推荐人的关系。这样，评委们就可以一眼看出这封推荐信是来自申请者的老师、雇主还是朋友、同事。这部分要写得简洁，达到表明推荐人身份以及与被推荐人的关系即可。对于很有背景的、头衔很多的推荐人，在这段只能选择最重要的一个头衔来写。
2.在校期间学习/学术方面的推荐内容
介绍被推荐人在学习和工作方面的能力是推荐信的核心内容，也是国外教授们重点阅读的部分。
3.工作期间的推荐内容
这部分主要是由工作单位的领导提供的推荐内容。这一部分的推荐信在介绍被推荐人工作期间的表现时，也要通过具体的实例来推荐被推荐人在专业领域的业务能力、研究能力、独立处理紧急事件的能力、独立研究解决问题的能力，创造思维能力，领导管理能力，市场开发能力等等。推荐人在介绍这些能力时，应根据被推荐人所要申请的专业，重点推荐该专业十分重要的能力。
4.其他方面的推荐内容(课余活动、人品、英语等)
国外有许多教授非常注重被推荐人的英语水平。中国申请者往往考试能力很强，但是交流能力欠缺，这是比较熟悉中国学生的国外教授经常提出的批评。英语的好坏将极大地影响申请者到国外以后的学习和生活以及能否与教授和同学进行交流。
在推荐信上被列为“其它”的项目还有：被推荐人的教学能力--这是影响外国评委们给予助教或助研奖学金的因素之一、被推荐人的品格、性格、爱好等等。不能说这些内容就不重要，把这些项目列入“其它”，是因为中国申请者的推荐信上这些内容比较少，语言好的范例也相应少。但是，若要铲除雷同这一大的弊病，推荐信应该在这些内容上更下功夫。
推荐信的结尾
推荐信最后一段应包含的内容，主要是推荐人对被推荐人各种能力、品质、潜质的总结及对被推荐人的美好祝愿。
G. 把下面一段话翻译成英语,,关于商务英语写作的
; from < > Beijing daily we know your company is one of the leading importers household appliances, you want to buy electric fan.
We proce all kinds of electric and ISO9000 quality system certification, our procts sell well in the Asian market. We hope that through building up business relations with your firm, to enter the European market.
As to our credit standing, please refer to bank of China, guangzhou branch.
Look forward to your early reply boudoir!
H. 商务英语写作
题一：
Dear Colleagues,
How are you doing?
I'm writing to tell you that there will be an oral English course for us in the next week. It takes 2 evening to finish the training. It's a golden chance to learn some practical oral English and I strongly suggest everyone to attend.
Thank you.
XXXX
I. 商务英语写作要注意些什么
商务英语是一种特殊用途英语，它比一般的英语专业具有更强的专业性，它要求回写作者不仅仅要具备答英语语言的基础知识，还要熟悉商贸知识，能自如运用英语从事商务活动。 1. 不断通过写作练习培养英语语法的应用能力，重视掌握有关词汇的用法，以便能运切实用有关语法和词汇去写作。这是英语写作的基础。 2. 通过大量阅读逐渐培养英语思维，并掌握一些写好句子的技巧，以便在把句子写正确的同时，不断培养用地道的英语把句子写好的能力。 3. 了解一些英语段落、篇章的组织和写作知识。