❶ 英文写作中的段落展开有几种method of development，具体方法是什么，能否用汉语、英文回答下，谢谢
Choosing a Method of Development
Using Facts
用事实说话
Facts may be included in any paragraph, but a paragraph developed mainly by facts answers the questions who? what? when? where? and how?
把事实放进段落里，主要用事实来展开的段落可以回答关于人物，事件，事件，地点和方式的问题。
Consider, for example, the following sentence about George Washington: George Washington (who?) was named head of the Continental Army (what?) in 1775 (when?) in Philadelphia (where?) by an act of the Second Continental Congress (how?).
Using Examples
举例子
When you generalize about a group or an idea, develop your paragraph with examples. 当你概括一个群体或者一种想法时，应该用例子来发展段落。
Paragraphs developed mainly with examples answer who specifically? what specifically? where specifically? when specifically? or how specifically? A topic sentence about fathers (generalization) could be illustrated with sentenced about Jane's father (specific), Arnold's father (specific), and Tim's father (specific). If you were writing about equality (generalization), you might give examples of political equality (more specific) or social equality (more specific).
Using Reasons
用理由来论证
Paragraphs developed with reasons answer the question why?
用理由来展开的段落能回答关于“为什么”的问题
Suppose your topic sentence was Teenagers too young drive automobiles should have a moped. Why? Mopeds are economical, give teenagers practice in observing laws, and relieve parents the need to drive their teenagers to so many places. The sentence of illustration gives reasons for the assertion made in the top sentence.
Using Incidents
描述相关事件
When you want to tell what happened, relate an incident.
当你要告诉人们发生过的事情时，可以用相关的事件来展开段落
Suppose your history teacher asks on a test, what happened at Gettysburg in 1863? Your paragraph might begin: In Gettysburg Pennsylvania, on July 1 to 3, 1863, one of the most decisive battles of the War Between the States was fought. Then you could illustrate your paragraph with sentences that tell in chronological order what happened each day of the battle
我翻译了每一段的主题句，后面的举例我就没有翻了。I suppose if you are learning method of development already, you should be able to understand the rest of the paragraph
如果不明白就直接问我把。
❷ 英语写作中，常用的八种写作手法是哪八种
列举法和举例法(Listing and Exemplification)
叙述法(Narration)
因果法(Cause and Effect)
类比一回对比法答(Comparison and Contrast)
分类法(Classification)
定义法(Definition)
❸ 高考英语作文段落拓展的手段有哪些
提纲一定要包含所提供的情景要点,主要是关于记人； c.要避免两个极端.其实想出两条之后就可以动笔,有侧重点地检查,要象做完型填空一样对待考场作文.一般说来记叙文有时间,防止遗忘）.要避免写那些与中心内容无关紧要的细节,近几年上海和全国英语高考卷中的写作,并且练习和模考时把他们用熟. 第二步、句子连贯.使用假想例子 5.使用自己选种的套话；使用过去发生的事例时用的是过去时,而是要求考生在充分领会“提示”的前提下,不仅造成文章逻辑结构不清、用词贴切的作文.使用数据 4.据统计.当被告知还有5分钟结束时. c； b.这一点你不必怀疑、称呼. 有n种选择可供参考,写作时要明白清楚地给予表达、比喻、论据：1、让步等各种句型背熟练.扩展时要注意短文的字数、解决问题的逻辑顺序来安排层次.要确保文章有结尾段（不排除将它和最后一条理由的末段结合在一起的可能性）.哪一种你最容易想出来,注意炼句. b.人们常用的论证方法有归纳法.使用类比,扩展成篇.别试图在考场上再去临时决定比如哪种开头好： a,一定能做到,主题句可以使读者和笔者本人更清晰该段落写什么；一般现在时第三人称要使用单数、签字.扩展的内容一定要紧扣主题,千万不要写那些与主题不相关的内容、叙事,最少3分钟最多5分钟,不要追求一次思考就能把每一条理由及相关例证都想出来.用时太多. 英语应用文主要以写信为主、推理法：1. 其次,还会引起行文中频繁的修正、议论文和应用文.根据这个中心,它考查考生综合运用语言能力.论据可以是人们公认的真理、议论文还是应用文,有谓语.用时太少. 记叙文要求考生根据试卷中提供的情景.议论文一般按提出问题,在具体写作过程中我们不妨按如下顺序进行,别说你不想写主题句、事件,要分段写,也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作.举具体事例 2、例证.各段中支持性细节写作不必遵循相同的模式. 议论文要求考生就某一方面的问题通过摆事实.考前将文章开头. b：文章绝大部分使用的是一般现在时、论点正确无误,理由没有想清楚就开始写、原因和结果六要素.记人时.英文书信由6个部分组成,同时要尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇与句型.时态.一般说来议论文文由论点. 第三.各段写作时注意对段落的不同部分给予不同的重视、论据可靠充分,只要你的思维还是正常的.要做到、结束语,欲速则不达：审题. 如何在30分钟内快速写作文技巧 * 如何在30分钟内快速写完文章、确定立场,要写够100个词语：正文写作最少22分钟最多26分钟.格式一定要正确,且简单句只有一个谓语,组织语言材料,编写成文、信内地址.说对方相对缺点 3,能够扩展的材料有哪些、对比法英语写作是高考试题中对学生相对较难的部分、列出理由（只需要在草稿纸上用英文单词或汉语列出各个理由、人物. 试题要求考生根据所给的情景和要求写一篇书面材料、正文,或者已经在做结尾,以避免由于字数不够引起的扣分,持续练习5篇以上.但它并非按照“提示”逐句翻译、讲道理的方式来发表自己看法、写信和通知或看图作文等内容的记叙文、结尾.2,怎样结尾好、引用等修辞手段来论述、地点,围绕中心,要注意介绍人物的身世.句法：检查需要1-3分钟. 无论是记叙文： a、分析问题,各个理由的例证可以写到该段时边思考边写.它们是信头,每一段有一个中心思想、经历和事迹等.3： a.叙事时要描写事情发生与发展的过程,列出写作提纲,确定写作中心,用自己的语言组织成一篇内容充实,就用哪一种.主谓一致 按此三步、论证三部分构成、语言正确、根据字数多少：熟悉考场写作三个步骤的时间分配 第一步,可以确保时间问题,叙述事情发生的前因后果等. 首先. 第三步：确保每句话是完整的、论证合理严密.信的正文和写文章一样.主题句给予最大重视,一般你应该已经写到最后一条理由
❹ 请问英语写作中,常用的八种写作手法是哪八种,除了列举法,举例法,还有什么方法
列举法和举例法(Listing and Exemplification)
叙述法(Narration)
因果法(Cause and Effect)
类比一对版比法(Comparison and Contrast)
分类法(Classification)
定义权法(Definition)
❺ 怎样写好英语段落（二）
段落发展的手段及结尾段的写法 在上一讲我们讲了主题句，推展句的写法；这一讲我们要进一步来谈一谈段落发展的几种手段以及结尾段的写法。 段落发展的几种手段 1． 列举法(details) 作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。 Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand. 根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, ring the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。 常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。 2. 举例法(example) 作者通过举出具体事例来阐述、说明主题句的内容，严格地讲，举例法也是列举法的一种，它们的区别在于：列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少。 我们来看下面这个用举例法展开的段落。 There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them. 本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句中的关键词组different forms of exercises，这三个例子分别由连接词for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最后由引导的结尾句总结全段内容。 举例法中常用的连接词有：for example (instance), one example is, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition等。 3. 叙述法(narration) 叙述法发展段落主要是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物的本末，从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含义，例如： In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen went inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping. 这段是按照事物发展的先后顺序，叙述从发现案情、报警、到警察赶到、包围现场的过程。全文脉络清晰，叙述的层次感强，结构紧凑。 常用于叙述法中的过渡连接词有：first, an the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等。 4． 对比法或比较法(comparison & contrast) 将同类的事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析是一种常用的思维方法。通过对比，更容易阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点，例如： The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes, or transistors. Its electronic circuits work a thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain. A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute. 在这段文字上， 作者为了突出电子计算机运行速度之快，首先将它与人脑进行了比较， "-- a thousand times faster than --" ;而后，又将这一概念具体到了 "a problem"上，通过对比使读者从 "-- a long time -- in one minute"上有更加直观的认识。 常用于对本法或比较法上的过渡连接词有：than, compared with等。 5． 分类法(classification) 在阐述某一概念的段落中，常用分类法。通过对概念中所包括的事物进行分门别类，分别加以叙述，使读者有更为清晰的认识，如： Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in signal flags, Morse code, and picture signs. 在该段中为了说明topic sentence中的 "various forms of communication"，作者将其分为oral speech, sign language, body language及other forms of nonlinguistic language，并逐加阐述。 采用这种方法的段落并没有标志突出的连接词，所述各项均为平行并列关系，所以没有明显的主次之分。 6．因果分析法(cause and effect) 在阐述某一现象的段落中，常采用因果分析法。例如： The role of women in today's society is changing. One reason is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the women's movement. Also, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. Another reason is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. Moreover, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively. 本段中，主题句提出了一种社会现象，推展句则对产生这种现象的原因作出各种解释。 常用于因果分析法的连接词有：because, so, as a result等。 7． 定义法(definition) 在科普文章的写作中，定义法是必不可少的。通过下定义，可以使读者对该事物有一个更直接的认识。 Automation refers to the introction of electronic control and automation operation of proctive machinery. It reces the human factors, mental and physical, in proction, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American instry has been called the "Second Instrial Revolution". 这一段文字使我们了解了 "automation" 和 "Second Instrial Revolution" 两个概念，分别由 "refers to" 和 "been called" 引出。 常出现在定义法中的词语有：refer to, mean, call等。 8. 重复法(repetition) 句子的一部分反复出现在段落中，这就是重复法。它往往造成一种步步紧逼的气氛，使文章结构紧凑，有感染力。比如： Since that time, which is far enough away from now, I have often thought that few people know what secrecy there is in the young, under terror. I was in mortal terror of the young man who wanted my heart and liver; I was in mortal terror of my interlocutor with the iron leg; I was in mortal terror of myself, from whom an awful promise had been extracted; -- 该段中反复应用了I was in mortal terror of …我经常处于恐怖之中。 以上， 我们结合具体文章讨论了展开段落的几种方法。在实际写作中，我们往往不必拘泥于一种写作方法，而是将若干方法穿插在一起，使文章有声有色。 结尾段 我们知道文章的开头很重要，因为好的开头可以吸引读者、抓住读者的注意力。同样，文章的结尾也很重要，好的结尾会使读者对全文的中心思想留下深刻的印象，可以增添文章的效果和说服力，让人深思，回味无穷。确切地说，结尾的作用就是概括全文内容，进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想，使读者加深印象；有时也用于展望未来，提出今后方向或令人深思的问题给读者留下回味和思考的余地。 但是，如何才能写好英文短文的结尾呢? 下面就介绍几种写结尾段最常用的方法： 1．重复中心思想: 回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果。 (例1)A sense of humor is really one of the keys to happiness. It gives zest to life to make it worth living. (例2)With all these benefits, it is no wonder that sports and games have now become more popular with people than ever. 2．作出结论: 文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者的观点。 (例1)In conclusion, a good teacher-student relationship can be mutual beneficial. The students gain knowledge eagerly and enjoyably, and the teacher gains satisfaction from his job. (例2)On the whole there are more advantages than disadvantages in the use of TV. Yet different people may have different attitude toward TV. But we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. Its value to people and society depends on how we look at it. 3．应用引语: 用格言、谚语或习语总结全文，既言简意赅又有更强的说服力。 (例1)If you have anything to do, try to do it yourself, for that is the safest way to
permanent success. Remember the famous saying. "God helps those who help themselves." (例2)If we stick to studies day after day, there is nothing that can't be achieved. As an old saying goes: "Constant dropping of water wears away a stone." 4．用反问结尾: 虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，具有明显的强调作用，引起读者思考。 (例1)Therefore, listening skills must be consciously improved. Since it is such an important means of learning and communication, why should we not develop this ability as far as possible? (例2)So，what can we benefit from wealth if we do not have health? 5．提出展望或期望: 表示对将来的展望或期待读者投入行动。 (例1)I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world in the next century. As China will open further to the outside world the language is sure to be spread world widely. (例2) If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relation. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and social ethics people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization. 以上介绍了几种写结尾段最常用的方法，但到底选择何种方法结尾还得根据文体来决定。平铺直叙的记叙文，往往在故事或事实情节讲完时文章也就自然结束了，而说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文都应有一个正式的结尾。希望以上介绍的几种方法能对大家写好结尾有所帮助。 首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题(stick or hold to the topic)，这就是段落的统一性(unity)。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性(completeness or adequateness)。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅(smooth)，这就是连贯性(coherence)。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。 1. 统一性 一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例： Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico. 本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。考生在四级统考的作文卷上常常因为造出irrelevant sentences（不相关语句）而丢分，值得引起注意。再看一个例子： My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Every day I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby。 从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。权责声明：本站所有音乐均网上搜集仅做宽带测试，任何涉及商业盈利目的均不得使用，否则后果自负！如遇英文歌曲不能播放，系歌曲链接失效，请谅解！本站全部英文歌曲的所有权归其唱片公司或歌手所有。请购买正版英文歌曲支持你的偶像！
❻ 英语写作方法
英语写作方法六大原则：
1. advanced words (高级词汇原则)
2. adverbial advanceed (状语提前原则)
3. phrases preferred (短语优先原则)
4.compound sentence, composite sentence and sentence of special kind (并列句、复合句和特殊句式原则)
5. long and short sentences alternately (长短句交替原则)
6. passages in paragraphs(短文分段分层原则)
高分作文的五大特性
1. sense of order (条理性: 段落完整，层次分明）
2. accuracy (准确性: 语法准确，用词精当）
3. fluency (流畅性: 层次清晰，行文连贯）
4. conciseness & variety (简洁、多样性: 语言简洁，不重复）
5. ideological content (思想性: 文章立意高，表达个人观点内容积极向上）
过渡词的使用
过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”，在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用，学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章结构紧凑，启、承、转、合，过渡自然，融会贯通，连成一体。
1、根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十六类：
（1）表并列关系的过渡词：
and, also， as well, as well as， or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor等。
（2）表递进关系的过渡词：
besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more， what’s worse等。
（3）表转折对比的过渡词：
but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others等。
（4）表原因的过渡词：
because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, e to（由于）, for this reason, owing to, as far as, considering that, seeing that等。
（5）表结果的过渡词：
so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that?, accordingly等。??
（6）表条件的过渡词：
if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as等。
（7）表时间的过渡词：
when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on,? eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment等。
（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词：
first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）等。
（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词：
in other words, that is to say, to put it another way等。
（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词：
for instance, for example, take … as an example, namely, such as, like, in other words, that is to say, that is等。
（11）表陈述事实的过渡词：
in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth等。
（12）表强调的过渡词：
certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, of course, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely等。
（13）表比较、对比的过渡词：
like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, be similar to, rather than, on the contrary, by contrast, one one hand…, on the other hand, otherwise 等。
（14）表目的的过渡词：
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to等。
（15）表总结的过渡词：
in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, to conclude, at last, in summary, on the whole等。
（16）表增补的过渡词：in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally 等。
2、文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。
（1） “启”。
用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：
过渡词： first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,
过渡句：It is often said that…,
As the proverb says…,
It goes without saying that…,
It is clear/obvious that…,
Many people often ask …
（2） “承”。
表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：
过渡词： second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what
is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt，
过渡句：It is true that…,
Everybody knows that…,
It can be easily proved that…,
No one can deny that…
The reason why …is that …,
There is no doubt that…,
To take…for an example (instance) …,
We know that…,
What is more serious is that…
（3）“转”。
用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：
过渡词：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, inspite of ..., yet, instead,
过渡句：I do not believe that…,
Perhaps you’ll ask why…
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,
Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,
That’s why i feel that…
（4） “合”。
用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：
过渡词： in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum up
过渡句：From this point of view …
On account of this we can find that …
The result is dependent on …
Thus, this is the reason why we must…
长短句结合
（1）句子既要生动，又要简明扼要。
（2）在写作中应避免使用相同长度的相同句型，而应注意句式的变化，如长短句结合，简单句、复杂句和复合句并用，还可以使用简化句等，一些较复杂的结构如独立结构，分词结构等也可以使用。
（3）可以使用一些特殊句式，如强调句、感叹句、倒装句等，增强语句的表现力，以增加文章“亮点”。强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。(这是我上初中时英语老师给我的，帮助了我，希望也能帮助你。。)
❼ 如何扩展英语段落写作的方法
很多时候写英语作文字数不够，而这又是一个分数衡量标准，所以版要想提高字数，就要扩充段落权。使段落内容变得饱满起来。
大家可以增加论据，这样能使文章更加充实，也可以增加描述性的话语。
但是切记紧扣主题，不要写成流水账，要是跑题了还不如不扩充了，只要围绕着主题扩展是没有问题的。
❽ 段落如何展开
好文章的一个要素是作者提供了足够的细节，来支持每段的主题句。展开段落，就是以一组这样的句子来阐发该段的中心意思。下面这些方法会帮助你充分展开段落。这些方法中的记叙、描写、事例、和过程等也是常常用来为篇题句服务的。A．记叙记叙是按时间顺序展开的，可以是文章的一段，也可以是几段，甚至整篇文章。记叙的主要目的是告诉读者一个故事，这个故事跟这篇文章有一定的联系。简短的故事常常被用做例子。以记叙一展开段落时，要让读者对你记叙的事件以及事件中的人物感兴趣。比如： It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress in busy New York restaurant. My cap had gone awry, my apron was stained, my feet ached. The loaded trays I carried felt heavier and heavier. Weary and discouraged, I didn’t seem able to do anything right. As I made out a complicated check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times, I was ready to quit. Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip. “Well done,” he said. “You’ve looked after us really well.” Suddenly my tiredness vanished. I smiled back, and later, when the manager asked me how I’d liked my first day, I said, “Fine!” Those few words of praise had changed everything. 上面这段记叙，描述了自己做女招待的第一天快结束时如何筋疲力尽，如何受到了顾客的赞许，而放弃了辞职的念头，疲劳也随之消散的情况。B．描写作者写作的时候，经常要描写他们所看到的东西。准确、成功的描述逼真地让我们看到、听到、闻到、尝到、触摸到所描述的东西。下面是一段描写Brooklyn Bridge 上的promenade的文字，作者的描写很老道，即使我们没到过那桥，我们也能凭借这段文字，想像那人行道是什么样子。 On most traffic bridges the only foot passage is a pavement alongside rushing vehicles. Here the walk is a promenade raised above the traffic; one can lean over the railing and watch cars speeding below. The promenade is wide enough for benches – for walkers and for cyclists. Old-fashioned lamp posts remind the walker that it is, after all, a thoroughfare. But the walk is narrow enough for the promenader to reach over and touch the large round cables, wrapped in wire casing, or the rough wire rope of the vertical suspenders. Crossing the verticals is a rigging of diagonal wire ropes – stays, attached somewhere below to the floor of roadway.C．事例用事例来阐述主题句是一个常用的方法。生动的事例会让读者更好地记住主题句的内容。下面这一段是作者告诉读者控制昆虫的方法是如何影响鱼类的： Wherever there are great forests, modern methods of insect control threaten the fishes inhabiting the streams in the shelter of the trees. One of the best-known examples of destruction in the United States took place in 1955, as a result of spraying in and near Yellowstone National Park. By the fall of that year so many dead fish had been found in the Yellowstone River that sportsmen and Montana fish and game administrators became alarmed. About 90 miles of the river were affected. In one 300-yard length of shoreline, 600 dead fish were counted, including brown trout, whitefish, and suckers. Stream insects, the natural food of trout, had disappeared.D．过程如果你曾经按照菜谱做过一道菜，你就会知道以过程展开段落是什么情形。以过程展开段落，首先要界定清楚做某件事情的第一个的步骤，然后借助诸如fist, second, third, …next, then, finally等过渡语来详细地描述这些步骤。看下面的例子： Once you encounter a person who has stopped breathing, you should begin immediately to do mouth-to-mouth breathing. First, place the victim on his back and remove any foreign matter from his mouth with your fingers. Then tilt his head backwards, so that his chin is pointing up. Next, pull his mouth open and his jaw forward, pinch his nostrils shut to prevent the air which you blow into his mouth form escaping through his nose. Then place your mouth tightly over the victim’s. blow into his mouth until you see his chest rise. Then turn your head to the side and listen for the out-rush of air which indicates an air exchange. Repeat the process. …E. 定义定义也是展开段落的一个手段。在信息性(informative writing)的文章中，读者可以通过对术语的定义来理解某些概念；在劝说性(persuasive writing)的文章中，作者可以通过对术语的定义来与读者建立起共通的语言，这是说服读者的第一步。术语一旦定义后，你可以通过例子、比较、类比、描写等手段，使其更清晰化。看下面的例子： What exactly is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering is the name given to techniques by which scientists alter or combine genes (hereditary material) in an organism. Genes, which are part of all living cells, carry chemical information that determines an organism’s characteristics; genes have often been called “blueprint” of life. By changing an organism’s genes, scientists can manipulate the organism’s traits and the traits of its descendants. Ultimately, through manipulation of genetic material, scientists hope to proce flawless organisms – microorganisms, plants, and animals that exhibit greater proctivity, lower cost, and more resistance to illness.F．分类分类是把相同的东西归成一类。开始的时候，你收集的资料可能是不相关的，经过仔细观察，慢慢地，你发现其中某些东西之间的相似之处出现了，然后，你就可以按照一个个的标准把这些东西归成不同的类别。同一组东西，依照不同的标准，可以归成不同的类别，所以，归类的时候，要告诉读者你的标准。下面的例子中，作者在第一句，即主题句中，将纽约分成三种情况，然后依次对这三种情况说明了其分类的标准。 There are roughly three New Yorks. There is, first, the New York of the man or woman who was born here, who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable. Second, there is the New York of the commuter – the city that is devoured by locusts each day and spat out each night. Third, there is a New York in quest of something. Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last – the city of final destination, the city that is a goal. It is this third city that accounts for New York’s high–strung disposition, its poetical deportment, its dedication to the arts, and its incomparable achievements. Commuters give the city its tidal restlessness, natives give it solidity and continuity, but the settlers give it passion.G．比较或对比比较(comparison) 探讨人物、地点、物体、事件或观点间的相似之处，而对比(contrast)探讨的是它们或他们之间不同的地方。比较或对比的时候，要依照一定的标准要点。比如，要比较、对比电脑和人脑，你可以围绕这两要点进行：一是信息储存的密度，二是信息加工的速度。另外，利用比较、对比来展开段落，不只是简单地罗列相同与不同之处，要有一定的目的。或者分类，或者评价，或者解释。 写作中，比较、对比的展开方式有两种：一种是“交替法”(alternating method)，即比较或对比两种事物的共性或差异中的一点然后再比较或对比下一点，依次类推。另一种是“块状法”(block method),即先提供有关某一事情的所有信息，然后再提供有关另一事情的所有信息。 下面这段话是按“交替法”展开的，比较了电脑和人脑的相同点，对比了两者间的不同点。首先，作者围绕信息储存的密度这个要点平考察这两个物体。接下来，他以信息加工的速度这个要点一比较或对比电脑和人脑。 How densely packed is the information stored in the brain? A typical information density ring the operation of a modern computer is about a million bits per cubic centimeter. This is the total information content of the computer, divided by its volume. The human brain contains, as we have said, about 1013 bits in a little more than 103 cubic centimeters, for an information content of 1013/103=1010, about ten billion bits per cubic centimeter; the brain is therefore ten thousand times more densely packed with information than is a computer, although the computer is much larger. Put another way, a modern computer able to process the information in the human brain would have to be about ten thousand times larger in volume than the human brain. On the other hand, modern electric computers are capable of processing information at a rate of 1016 to 1017 bits per second, compared to a peak rate ten billion times slower in the brain. The brain must be extraordinarily cleverly packaged and “wired,” with such a small total information content and so slow a processing rate, to be able to do so many significant tasks so much better than the best computer.H．类比有时候，作者为了说明一个抽象的问题，或者劝说读者，从一个看起来不那么相关的话题出发，通过比较，找出两者的共同点，从而得出“A是这样，B像A，所以B也是这样”的结论。这种方法就是类比（analogy）。这种方法不仅使读者看到扑克似风马牛不相及的两件事中的相似性，而且帮助读者理解抽象的概念、深奥的理论等。在下面这个例子中，作者把the process of learning 比作the performance of a symphony orchestra, 过渡语with an analogy to 表明作者准备类比；描述了the performance of a symphony orchestra后，作者以similarly 提醒读者；接下来的是类比，从而清楚地向读者解释了抽象的the process of learning 是什么样子。 In closing, we might describe learning with an analogy to a well-orchestrated symphony, aimed to blend both familiar and new sounds. A symphony is the complex interplay of composer, conctor, the repertoire of instruments, and the various dimensions of instruments toward a rich construction of themes progressing in phase, with some themes recurring and others driving the movement forward toward a conclusion or resolution. Finally, each symphony stands alone in its meaning, yet has a relationship to the symphonies that came before and those that will come later. Similarly, learning is a complex interaction of the learner, the instructional materials, the repertoire of available learning strategies, and the context, including the teacher. The skilled learner approaches each task strategically toward the goal of constructing meaning. Some strategies focus on understanding the incoming information, others strive to relate the meaning to earlier predictions, and still others work to integrate the new information with prior knowledge. I．因果以因果方式展开段落，能告诉读者究竟是什么原因导致了一件事的发生。我们知道，事件之间的因果关系通常是很复杂的，所以写作之前，要对其进行仔细地分析，避免过于简单化，尤其要避免给读者这样一种印象：因为一件事发生在另一件事之前，前一件事导致了后一件事的发生。下面这个例子中，作者就指出了经济萧条的根本原因是an unhealthy economy, 而非the stock market crash in October 1929. The depression was precipitated by the stock market crash in October 1929, but the actual cause of the collapse was an unhealthy economy. While the ability of manufacturing instry to proce consumer goods had increased rapidly, mass purchasing power had remained relatively static. Most laborers, farmers, and white-collar workers, therefore, could not afford to buy automobiles and refrigerators turned out by factories in the 1920s, because their incomes were too low. At the same time, the federal government increased the problem through economic policies that tended to encourage the very rich to over-save.上面我们探讨了常见的几种发展段落的方法，有时候，段落中仅使用其中的一种，但更多的时候，同一个段落中会几种手段并用，下面这段话就是一个例子。作者主要是以给出细节来展开该段的；第一句是主题句，第二、三、四句给出细节；同时，作者又以分类来展开该段落：该宗教运动的成员分为正在上大学的、已经退学的、男的、女的、城市人、乡下人。
❾ 英语段落写作
Now in the today's society,the phenomenon of the corruption overflowed.As far as I am concerned,the reason for it is that many penple relax vigilance.The rensons for it are listed as follow.Firstly,weather a state is good or not depend on the common people's estimation.As a famous saying goes,"If you are not inquire into it, you will not have a right to speak".So only the common people improve vigilance do they estimate correctly,which can rece the phenomenon of the corruption .Secondly,only under the common people's supervision, can the government serve his people better.After all ,it is disgraced for they to do some corruption behaviours .If everyone improve vigilance,the government dare not do some things that is harm to people .Thirdly,everyone should improve vigilance and stop the bad behaviours as soon as he find the corruption behaviours ,which can avoid the further development of the corruption.