医学英语文献阅读课后答案

⑴ 英语文献翻译，在线等答案，谢谢。

西格尔等人【】近期向当地人群描述了一个劳动力规划框架，以估计为他们提供最佳卫生保健服务所需的员工队伍（即 交叉技能与所需时间）数量。实质上，该框架融合了三个相互依存的相关要素（1）一项基于资质与技巧的需求评估，（2）一项区域性服务需求量的估计和（3）政策内涵（见图1）。最近一次将模型应用于糖尿病案例的实践过程中有了新发现，该论文就其作了报告。这里核心重点是将需求评估发展到区域性层次。
需求评估包含了四个阶段：（1）人群的健康状况描述，（2）对选定地区人群详细指标的估测，（3）对各个给定子人群确定出最佳卫生保健服务，对其依据进行勘校以及（4）将最佳的服务作法拟为服务协议。

人群的健康状况描述
第一项活动是查明患病子人群/有明确需求需要特定临床队伍才能达到对糖尿病最佳护理的病患指标。
这需要三个步骤的过程来完成。
对相关文献的策略性回顾，包括对临床实践指南（CPGs）的批判性评审，从而确定与糖尿病管理潜在相关的病患指标。这项研究的开展用到了联机医学文献分析和检索系统（MEDLINE），医学文摘资料库（EMBASE），护理与联合卫生文献累积索引（CINAHL）以及下列检索项目：糖尿病，妊娠糖尿病，健康状况，健康行为，病人配合度，自我保健，自我效能，治疗结果，1型糖尿病，和2型糖尿病。该搜索仅限于摘要可用的，1990年之后发表的英语论文。
与专家学者座谈小组进行讨论，确定附加病患指标。座谈小组包括来自糖尿病学，糖尿病教育，社区护理，营养学，足病学，心脏病学，职业治疗和公共卫生等领域的专家，均有处理糖尿病的临床专业知识。
与跨学科座谈小组进行讨论，小组成员均为治疗来自大都市阿德莱德（南澳大利亚）或怀阿拉（南澳大利亚）中心区域的糖尿病患者的临床医师。其目标是确定附加子人群，同时利用修改后的群体决议计划法确认或调整之前得出的关键性病患指标。实质上，临床医师独立地对子人群作出评价而不受座谈小组影响。接下来他们会在座谈会期间交流意见并讨论提出的意见。决定将被反复讨论并最后通过投票达成一致。

纯手工翻译，真的比较辛苦呢
希望可以帮到你哦~~~
来自翻译强团

⑵ 求大学公共医学英语课后答案或者课文翻译（人民军医出出版社 赵贵旺主编的）

你是河医大的吧，哪个大班的啊，认识认识，我也要找这个东西

⑶ 求 医学英语考试题 要求带答案 非常感谢

网上有好多模拟试题，我在国家医学考试服为中心看到过！希望可以帮到您！

⑷ 急！急！《医学专业英语阅读一分册》求答案

我们也要考，题型有词根词缀搭配，选择，阅读，中译英...

⑸ 《医学英语》（临床医学）孙庆祥主编课后答案

⑹ 求医学英语教程答案

医学人文英语教程答案
Unit 1. History of medicine

Keys
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary, and pay
attention to the tense, voice and collocations of the verbs.
1. is credited with;
2. are sometimes referred to as;
3. was supposed to;
4. were espoused by;
5. in addition to;
6. was attributed to;
7. categorize;
8. is given credit for;
9. though.
Sentence Simulation
（略）

Translate the following sentences into English.
1.

Hippocrates proposed the humoral theory that the body of man has four distinct bodily fluids
in itself: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, different mixture of which leads to
different temperaments.

2.

In ancient Greece, career as a doctor was passed on from father to son, so Hippocrates studied
medicine under his father from his early age.

3.

Ancient Greek medicine was a field restricted by religious superstition where wizards cured
diseases by means of prayer, magic or ritual recitation of spells.
4.

It now appears that Hippocrates was incorrect in his explanation of the causes of human
temperament, but his temperament categories and names have been in use ever since.
5.

Ancient Western doctors about to enter medical practice were required to take an oath on
medical ethics, which was derived from the oath of Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician
revered as "father of medicine
” in the West
.
6.

As the father of Western medicine, Hippocrates is the first to formulate the code of ethics that
doctors are required to comply with. Furthermore, his medical opinions and medical practice
have exerted a huge influence on the development of Western medicine for centuries.
Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1. Four traditional examination methods: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and touching.
2.

①
TCM
can
make
diagnoses
and
treat
patients
without
needing
a
scientific
understanding
of
cause
and
pathogenesis
.
②
the
fundamentals
of
TCM
remain
largely
unchanged
and
its
theories
inexplicable to science.
3
.
①
the methodological quality of trials is low
.
②
Most of these trials are published in Chinese,
inaccessible to western doctors, and not included in systematic reviews.

③
Selective publication
of positive trials is another problem.
4. All natural phenomena could be categorised into Yin and Yang (two opposite, complementary,
interdependent, and exchangeable aspects of nature), everything in the universe consisted of five
basic
elements
(wood,
fire,
earth,
metal,
and
water),
and
the
universe
was
constantly
changing
towards dynamic balance or harmony. Yin refers largely to the material aspects of the organism
and Yang to functions. There is a circulation of Qi (energy) and blood. The organs work together
by regulating and preserving Qi and blood through the so-called channels and collaterals. Disease
occurs after a disturbance in Yin-Yang or flow of Qi or blood, or disharmony in the organs caused
by pathogenic (eg, sadness, joy, lifestyle) and climatic factors (dampness, heat, cold). Treatment
aims to expel or suppress the cause and restore balance.
Unit 2

Health professionals for a new century
Text A
Language Focus
Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
1.

integration
2.

kept pace with

3.

adopts

4.

In view of
5.

effectiveness
6.

ultimate
7.

acquiring
8.

attributes
9.

shifts
10.

encounter

Translate the following sentences into English.
7.

Medical science is no longer simply biomedicine, but a comprehensive discipline of
humanities, social sciences and biomedicine.
8.

Science and technology development, along with social progress, has put forward higher
demands and greater challenges on higher medical ecation.
9.

Medical ecation is characterized by a high degree of specialization and practicality, as well
as a comparatively high cost and a long training cycle.
10.

It is the main task of medical schools to train good doctors needed by the people.
11.

The objective of clinical medical ecation is to train capable and well qualified academic
doctors with a solid professional foundation and a broad spectrum of knowledge.
12.

The innovation of teaching methods has not only improved the students' initiative and
enthusiasm to learn, but also enhanced the quality of clinical teaching and practice.
13.

In spite of its great progress, our country
’
s medical ecation still fails to keep pace with
social progress, development of science and technology, and needs for medical and health

reform.

Translate the following passage/sentence into Chinese.
1.

过去一个世纪教育的进步在于三个时代的教育改革。第一个时代始于
20
世纪初，注重教
授科学课程。大约于
20
世纪中期，第二个时代的改革开启了问题导向式的教学革新。现
在，我们需要进行体系导向式的第三个时代的教育改革，通过调整核心专业技能使其适
应特定环境，同时借鉴国际化知识，从而提升医疗体系的性能。

2.

迁移学习是一种重要成果，其包含了三个基本的转变：从对事实的记忆转变为对信息的
搜索、分析和综合从而作出决策；从追求专业文凭转变为实现核心竞争力从而达到医疗
体系里有效的团队协作；还有，从对教育模式不带批判的照搬应用转变为对整体资源的
创造性改造以应对局部的重点问题。

3.

医护人员在过去一个世纪以来对人类健康和发展做出了巨大贡献，然而，自满只会让人
们继续徒劳地采用
20
世纪的教育策略，而无法应对
21
世纪的挑战。

Text B
Answer the following questions according to text B you have read.
1.

Because it is crucial to tackle the obstacles of the 21st century.
2.

The outcome-based core curriculum has served as a framework in many countries, and can be
adjusted for specific local needs as postulated by the commissioners.
3.

Students
participate
in
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine,
nursing,
pharmacy,
and
allied
health
professions
(namely,
the
World
Healthcare
Students
Symposium). The benefits of the annual World Healthcare Students Symposia are for students
to
learn
to
understand
the
different
professions
and
discuss
the
best
ways
of
effective
and
fruitful collaboration.
4.

The
authors
think
the
proposed
focus
on
the
implementation
of
innovative
and
promising
information
and
communication
technologies
merits
attention
and
believe
in
its
potential
benefits
for
the
ecation
of
medical
students.
According
to
the
authors,
students
from
low-income countries with a lack of resources can especially benefit from such initiatives as
the website Health Sciences Online, although such free initiatives should not counteract the
proposal to focus development assistance more strongly on health profes
sionals’ ecation.

5.

Yes.
Student
initiatives
have
tackled
climate
change,
migrant
health,
and
other
issues
of
global and national relevance.
6.

Overall,
medical
students
worldwide
have
been
playing
an
active
role
in
implementing
the
recommendations of the Global Commission mainly by developing their own outcome-based
core
curricula
and
launching
an
international
forum
which
brings
together
students
of
medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and allied health professions, among other initiatives.

⑺ 医学专业英语阅读一分册 答案

医学英语阅读一分册课后题答案