『壹』 关于中西方文化的初中英语阅读理解练习题及答案
In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don’t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.
At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill.
Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.
Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “ bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you’re taking the food for yourself.
Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.
Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.
1. Which statement is true?
A. American people like sitting with people they don’t know.
B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.
C. American people never sit with people they don’t know.
D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.
2. What is served before you order?
A. bread B. butter C. coffee D. cold water
3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?
A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs.
B. They leave the food on the table and go away.
C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later.
D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.
4. Sunday dinner is_______.
A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal
C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper on Sunday
这是一篇讲美国人的用餐习俗的阅读。
As you know different countries have different customs. Also there are many gestures showing many meanings in many countries. Here are a few examples of gestures. A fisherman in Britain will show the size of a fish he has caught by holding his two hands, palms(手掌) facing each other, the right distance apart in front of him. But the one from certain part of Africa will measure off the size along his left arm with his right hand. In Britain the gesture to show the number “one” is made by holding up the index finger (the second finger), but in Switzerland it is the thumb—the first finger which is held up. Some people point at objects with finger, others by sticking out the lips. The gesture for “come here” is made in Britain with the index finger, which is held, pointing upwards, at eye level and bent towards the body; in Egypt the hand is held at arm’s length, palm downwards, and the fingers are then bent. The difference between the movements is very important, and the meanings of the same gestures maybe opposite in different countries. It may bring trouble to those not well known with it.
1. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. different people in different countries B. how to understand the gestures in Britain
C. the different gestures D. how to show a gesture in Egypt
2Sometimes difference between the movements in different countries may bring about _______ to you.
A. a good luck B. a new world C. all ill effect D. happiness
3 How will the Africans express if the object’s size is longer than their left arms?
A. Take a string to show it. B. Keep silent.
C. Bring the object to the spot. D. In another way.
4According to the passage we should _______.
A. look before we leap B. pick and choose
C. strike while the iron is hot D. do in Rome as the Romans do
这是篇中西方习俗的。答案就先不给你发了，希望你认真做，等你做完以后可以把你的答案告诉我，我再告诉你正确的。
『贰』 介绍欧洲的英语作文 80字左右
嗯.不知道你想要哪方面的.就综合来写一下吧. 汉语：这里有着悠久的历史和独特的文化,在世界上占据着重要的位置.最重要的是,没有一个人不被这里的各具特色、美丽怡人的建筑、风景而陶醉：巴黎的浪漫繁华、普罗旺斯的薰衣草、伦敦的雾、波恩的莱茵河、巴伐利亚的新天鹅堡……这就是欧洲：欧洲西临大西洋,北靠北冰洋,南隔地中海和直布罗陀海峡与非洲大陆相望 ,东与亚洲大陆相连.地形以平原为主,大部分为温带海洋性气候,是人口密度最大的一个洲.多么美丽的地方! 英语：This has a long history and unique culture in the world, occupies an important position. The most important thing is, no one here is not distinctive, beautiful and pleasant architecture, landscape and intoxicated: the Paris's romantic, Provence's lavender, London's fog, Bonn's Rhine, Bavaria's Neuschwanstein…… This is Europe: Europe west of the Atlantic Ocean, north of the Arctic Ocean, south across the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar and across the African continent, East and Asia, linked to the mainland. Mainly plain terrain, mostly temperate climate, is the most densely populated continent.A beautiful place!
有一些不满意的地方,可以借助翻译器修改哦.（不知道你多大了,我是初中生,先按照初中生的标准写的.请多见谅.嘻嘻）
『叁』 求一篇有关欧洲足球的英文短文！
Soccer is a ball and goal game usually played outdoors, also called football. Played in more than 140 countries, it is by far the most popular international sport. Two opposing team of 11 players each compete on a field preferably measuring 120 yard by 75 yard. A goal 8 yard wide and 8feet high, backed with netting, is centered on each end line. The object of the game is to advance an inflated leather ball into the opponent's goal (worth one point). The ball is kicked (often dribbled with short kicks) or advanced by the head or other parts of the body, but only the goalkeeper may use the hands. Rules infractions result in free kicks for the opposing team. The first recorded soccer game took place in England in 217 A.D. and by the 12th century the annual shrove Tuesday contest was a regular event. In the 19th century, the game was refined to emphasize only the kicking aspects. It gained tremendous popularity after spreading from Britain to the continent. The highlight of international play is the quadrennial world cup competition.
足球是一项在室外举行的球类运动。它是当今世界上最流行的一种运动，风靡140多个国家。两支各由人组成的队伍在一块长120码宽8码的场地上比赛。球门宽8码，高两米左右，后面架有球网，位于底线当中。比赛的基本目标就是将球踢进对方大门（一分）。通常球是通过脚，头及身体其他部位来传递（尤其是短传）。只有守门员才可以用手接球。犯规时由对方罚任意球。世界上第一场有纪录的比赛适于公元217年的英国。到了11世纪，每年一届的"忏悔星期二"杯足球赛已经成为一项传统赛事。在案18世纪，比赛因更加注重"踢"而变得魅力十足，从英国风靡整个欧洲，乃至世界。其中，每四年一届的世界杯是最重要的赛事
『肆』 求描写欧洲中世纪战争历史的英语读物 如十字军,撒拉逊,拜占庭等有关的（一定要英文的）
由上海社会科学院出版社出版的由美国的朱迪斯·M·本内特 著的《欧洲中世纪史》我这正好有一本··买不到我可以便宜卖你··本书对中世纪历史记载详细且分析透彻··
又或许你家电脑够好的话介意你去下《中世纪2：全面战争》该游戏是非常贴近历史的·我想这个更能让你了解中世纪的黑暗!真的
『伍』 求一篇写欧洲的英语作文
If Sydney is crowned as New York of South Pacific Ocean, then, Melbourne can be said as London here.
This is an ancient city, and meanwhile a beautiful ‘garden city’, streets are orderly paved like chessboard, various buildings of both ancient and modern styles are harmoniously blended, there are quite a few operas and Broadway musicals on show here everyday.
This is also Australia’s residential center for immigrants. Most of the immigrants who flocked into Australia live in Melbourne and Sydney. Immigrants started their new life here but keep their own traditions and customs. Wanna taste Italian food and drinks? Just go to Lygon street. Wanna know Chinese culture? Then visit China Town. In China Town, there are not only Chinese restaurants, but also Malaysian, Thailand and Japanese restaurants, so this is not just a window for you to get to know Chinese people, but a best place to know East Asian people and South East Asian people as well.
Goods sold in China Town are quite unique. You’ll embrace a variety of choices and also reasonable prices, that’s why China Town is so popular among tourists. My companions all came back with large and small shopping bags, and reluctant to leave until they bought too much to carry.
What worth mention, traveling in Melbourne, the most forgettable experience is to watch the homing of the smallest penguins in the world. In a place 140 kilometers south of Melbourne, there’s a tiny island called Philip. Every sk, groups of penguins stagger back to their home. Their teeter when stepping onto the bank is extremely lovely.
参考资料：http://www.engessay.com/daxue/174752728.html
『陆』 搜集初二英语完型和阅读题，关于国外旅游或者关于一些欧洲国家的。附答案，要快！！
其实没有真正好的欧美阅读题，靠自己去积累，我建议你一个方法，你可以平时有空去机场的国际侯厅当志愿者，那儿全是老外，你可以和他们交流
『柒』 哪位有关于欧洲历史的英语文章（1百字到1千字都行）
Greco-Roman civilizations dominated Classical antiquity starting in Ancient Greece, generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of Western civilisation and influential on language, politics, ecational systems, philosophy, science and the arts, with the writing of the epic Iliad at around 700 BC. Those values were acquired by the Roman Republic established in 509 BC, having expanded from Italy, centred in the Mediterranean Sea, until the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent around the year 150.
After a period of civil wars, emperor Constantine I shifted the capital from Rome to the Greek town Byzantium in 313, then renamed Constantinople (modern Istanbul), having legalised Christianity. In 395 the empire was permanently split in two, with the Western Roman Empire repeatedly attacked ring the migration period. Rome was sacked in 410 by the Visigoths, the first of the Germanic peoples migrating into Roman territories. With the last West Roman emperor removed in 476, Southeastern Europe and some parts of the Mediterranean remained under the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) up to the later 6th century.
As Constantinople faltered, Germanic peoples established kingdoms in western territories. The new states shared Latin written language, lingering Roman culture and Christian religion. Much territory was brought under the rule of the Franks by Charlemagne, whom the pope crowned western Emperor in 800, but soon divided while Europe came under attack from Vikings, Muslims from North Africa, and Magyars from Hungary. By the mid-10th century the threat had decreased, although Vikings remained threatening Britain and Ireland.
After the establishment of Constantinople and the creation of a church there, which replaced the pre-existing bishopric of Heracleia nearby, tensions between the new and rapidly growing church and the church of Rome graally increased, with doctrinal disputes masking the struggle for primacy. One well known instance of such tension (although it did not lead to a formal schism) occurred when in 1054 AD a legate of the pope, Cardinal Humbert, formally excommunicated the patriarch of Constantinople, an excommunication which was repeated against him the following day. However, from 1095 a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns began to be waged by coalitions of Latin Christian Europeans, in response to a call from the Byzantine Empire, for help against the Muslim expansion. Spain, southern France, Lithuania and pagan regions were consolidated ring this time, with the last large-scale crusade of the Middle Ages fought in 1396. Complex feudal loyalties developed and the aristocracy of new nations become very closely related by intermarriage. The feudal society began to break as Mongol invaded frontier areas and the Black Death pandemic killed from 30% to 60% of Europe's population.[1]
Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge. Simultaneously Protestant Reformation under German Martin Luther questioned Papal authority. Henry VIII sundered the English Church, allying in ensuing religious wars between German and Spanish rulers. The Reconquista of Portugal and Spain led to a series of oceanic explorations resulting in the age of discovery that established direct links with Africa, the Americas and Asia, while religious wars continued to be fought in Europe,[2] which ended in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, procing the Columbian Exchange.[3] The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Instrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.[4] Starting in 1775, British Empire colonies in America revolted to establish a representative government. Political change in continental Europe was spurred by the French Revolution under the motto liberté, egalité, fraternité. The ensuing French leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, conquered and enforced reforms through war up to 1815.
The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. In France and the United Kingdom, socialist and trade union activity developed. The last vestiges of serfdom were abolished in Russia in 1861[5] and Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. After the Franco-Prussian War, Germany and Italy unified into nation states, and most European states had become constitutional monarchies by 1871.
Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread. The outbreak of the First World War was precipitated by a series of struggles among the Great Powers. War and poverty triggered the Russian Revolution which led to the formation of the communist Soviet Union. Hard conditions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles and the Great Depression led to the rise of fascism in Germany as well as in Italy, Spain and other countries. The rise of the irredentist totalitarian regime Nazi Germany led to a Second World War.
Following the end of the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain between an American dominated west and a Soviet dominated east. Western countries came under US protection via NATO and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The East was dominated by communist countries under the Soviet Union's economic and military leadership. There were also a number of neutral countries in between.
In the late 1980s, the Soviet Union fell and former Communist Bloc countries gained independence. The west's economic integration deepened and the European Union expanded to include most of the former-communist Eastern Europe in 2004.
『捌』 关于欧洲旅游景点的英语作文
圣彼得堡特写
Spotlight on St.Petersburg
St.Petersburg.The very name brings to mind some of Russia's greatest poets,writers and composers:Pushkin,Dostoevsky,Tchaikovsky.The 19th century was a golden age for St.Petersburg's wealthy classes.It was a world of ballets and balls,of art and literature,of tea and caviar.
圣彼得堡，只要提到这个名字就让人想起那些俄国最伟大的诗人、作家以及作曲家：普希金、杜斯妥也夫斯基、柴可夫斯基。十九世纪对圣彼得堡的富有阶级来说是段黄金岁月。那是一个充满了芭蕾舞和舞会、艺术和文学、茶和鱼子酱的世界。
The golden age ended with the advent of World War 1.Working people were growing more and more discontented.In 1917,Communism came,promising peace and prosperity.
这段黄金岁月因为第一次世界大战的来临而结束。工人阶级的不满愈来愈高涨。1917年时，共产党来了并向人民保证和平与繁荣。
St.Petersburg had become Petrograd in 1914.People wanted a Russian name for their city.Ten years later,the city's name changed again,this time to Leningrad.Then in 1991,Leningraders voted to restore the city's original name.Some people opposed the name change altogether.Others thought it was just too soon.Old,run-down Soviet Leningrad,they said,was not the St.Petersburg of 19th-century literature.
圣彼得堡在1914年变成彼得格勒。人们想为这个城市取个俄国名字。十年之后，这个城市的名字又改了，这一次叫做列宁格勒。然后在1991年，列宁格勒的居民投票恢复了此城最初的名字。有些人彻底反对改名字，有些人认为名字改得太快了。他们说老旧的苏维埃列宁格勒已不再是十九世纪的圣彼得堡了。
『玖』 英语翻译 阅读英文名著不仅提高了我的英语水平,更让我对西方文化有了深刻的了解
Reading English classics has not only improved my English skills,but also given me a deeper understanding of the Western culture.
『拾』 写欧洲国家的英语作文
理想,幸福是什么,给校长的一封建议书,红领巾心向党小小动物的童话故事艳早晨的太阳版，像牛车的轱辘那权么大，像熔化的铁水一样艳红，带着喷薄四射的光芒，坐在东方的岭脊上，用手撩开了轻纱似的薄雾。小动物的童话故事艳点点的繁星好似颗颗明珠，镶4嵌在天幕下，闪闪地发着光。青蛙碧绿的身体上布满了墨绿色的斑点，白白的大肚子像是充过了气，一鼓一鼓的。雨点像断了线的珠子，一滴一串地掉在雨水汇成的水洼上面。春雨纷纷，染绿了山，；染绿了水，染绿了石板小路。星期天，我去排队买米。在我前面的是一个男青年，他算不上胖，但也够健壮的了。圆圆的脸庞上，两道细眉，一双大眼睛，配上稍小了点的鼻子，也还算匀称。就是嘴唇厚了点，像非洲人似的。再见了，母校,家乡的变化,感月，透蓝的天空，悬着火球似的太阳，云彩好似被太阳烧化了，也消失得无影无踪。这个三十多岁的中年人，中等身材，四方脸庞，由于长年在地里干活，脸上的皮肤显得很粗糙。好像好几夜没睡上安稳觉，他两只眼睛深深地陷了进去。最早出现的启明星，在这深蓝色的天幕上闪烁起来了。它是那么大，那么亮，整个广漠的天幕上只有它一个在那里放射着令人注目的光辉，像一盏悬挂在高空的明灯。