① 高中英语阅读策略 方面的 论文 研究方向有哪些
‘Love me, love my
② 论文<高中英语写作策略>请高手帮忙(要中\英文对照)谢谢了
一、滴水穿石
俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语书面的表达能力的形成不是一日之功，也不是一周两月之功，必须从平时的课堂教学一点一滴抓起，持之以恒，滴水穿石，才有可能最后解决英语书面表达的难题。
高中英语课堂以课文教学为主，结合课文教学抓住学生英语书面表达的难点和关键——谓语动词语义比较语法形式变化，采取多种形式进行写作的基本训练，是培养学生英语书面表达能力的主要手段之一。具体做法是：①课文的词汇教学，不局限于照本宣章，而是结合英语的构词，同义反义比较，名词的可数与不可数词义的区别，加强学生对英语词形变化的理解，扩充他们的词汇量，鼓励他们口笔头造句，借此培养学生用完整句子表意的能力。②课文教学的过程读、写、听、说交替。一般听说在先，读写在后。针对写作训练的听、说、读、写要注意材料内容的语言形式和课文内容的语言形式要有适当的变化和整体的系统性，以课文内容的提问为例，教师提问用的词语结构和课文内容相关，但和课文语言所用词语要有适当的差异，使学生稍加思考能够理解，为学生同样意思多种英语近似表达形式添砖加瓦，积累材料，在不知不觉中了解掌握更多的英语语句表达。③指导学生就课文内容进行长句短写，短句详写的口笔头练习，帮助学生熟练掌握英语中常用动词句子的结构变化，单句和复句的异同关键所在。使用频率高，结构变化较多的英语常用动词如Wishhopeexpect之类的动词要经常反复采用不同形式练习，帮助学生熟练掌握常用动词句子结构和词义区别，逐步在心理上树立用英语造句达意的信心和习惯。④有时结合课文，有时另外补充材料，采用各种形式指导学生改写、缩写或连词完成短文或填词完成短文。
然而英语课文教学中所进行的以上写作训练指导并不解决英语书面表达的全部，这一过程主要抓住英语动词和单复句的变化，少而精地进行英语书面表达的基础训练，为培养学生扎实的语言书面表达能力还需要广泛的多而杂的英文阅读。
二、蓄势待发
“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”。这句话生动说明了书面表达和广泛阅读的关系。世界著名的外语教学家美国人StephenKrashen在其1993年出版的教学理论力作《Power of Reading——Insight from the research》中指出外语过程中①外语书读的多的人，其读写能力比读书量少的人强。②第二语言的阅读量和语言的习得之间有肯定的关系。表明，正确指导学生阅读是解决词汇和迅速提高第二语言的有效必由之路。读书和写作就好比输入和输出，没有足够的输入吸收是不可能有大量的输出的。
高中学生词汇量有限，各科作业负担沉重，英语阅读必须考虑、难易适当，时间上尽可能不给他们加重额外负担。经过比较选择，采用省高校出版社发行的“高中英语泛读教程”为主，国家级刊物“高中英语画刊”和全国发行的“中学生报”和“英语辅导报”为辅。这几种阅读材料内容广泛，语言生动，体裁多样，文章长短适宜，很受学生们的欢迎。时间安排平时利用早自习限时完成，以每分钟50到100个单词阅读量，高三年级每周用两节课的时间专门用于学生自己自由阅读英文杂志和报刊，老师个别指导解答问题，一般经过两学期到三学期的坚持阅读，学生们就会感到英语常用词的基本词义和情景有很大提高。动词的结构和变换也比较熟悉和习惯了，实际上学生已在不知不觉充满乐趣地完成了英语词汇的巩固强化这个艰巨任务，为用英语进行书面表达积累了必需的词语、句式和背景方面的材料。学生进行英语阅读时是否积极主动，满怀热情，对于语言材料的理解和吸收极大，若是抱着完成老师作业的态度读书，就可能出现和尚念经有口无心，前面看过，后面忘光的现象。因此，仅仅为学生选择适宜有趣的读物和安排一定的时间还不够，教师要想法在指导学生阅读的过程中激发培养学生主动学习外语的兴趣，增强学生学外语的自信心，形成良好正确阅读外文材料的习惯，基本的做法是经常让学生个别地在自己的同学面前理解，成功地完成有适当难度的英语阅读问题，老师及时给以鼓励。
三、提纲挈领
英语书面表达的综合训练要提纲挈领是相对省时有效的。尤其高三毕业班时间紧，复习量大，更是如此。这里的“纲”指的是教学大纲和纲要说明要求学生掌握的重要语法概念和书面表达各种不同文体及要求。这里的“领”是说书面表达训练过程要先口头训练，后笔头训练，贯穿始终。
以考纲加大纲要求的各种书面表达形式为顺序，在高三英语总复习的过程中分别进行专门的写作训练指导，目的明确，便于安排；针对性强，容易归纳。每个专项，结合文体，进行先口头，后笔头的写作训练，可以使学生相互交流，取长补短，集思广益，
更好地掌握同一话题，文体的多种表达形式和不同的连贯组合。也有利于增强学生书面表达的自信心和准确性，减少不必要的简单错误，实际上等于一种话题和文体进行两次以上语篇表达训练，无形中起到巩固强化作用。以考纲和大纲要求掌握的文体写通知为例，来说明一下如何进行总复习的写作训练：①用投影仪打出同一内容的口头通知和书面通知比较其格式和句式特点。②让学生口头复述同一内容的两种通知。③教师提供另一内容通知的要求和必要的词语。④由学生准备个别发言，口头表达通知要求尽可能用不同的英语句子结构和语序表达类似的内容。⑤教师组织比较学生口头表达中不同结构和语序的异同和效果。⑥归纳口头和笔头通知常用的各种开头语；中间内容的动词结构；结尾要求的套话和基本格式。⑦布置口头笔头通知的书面练习。⑧收回练习，即时批改，在课堂上交流学生写的有特色或基本正确的通知。⑨集体或个别翻译复习通知的开头、中间和结尾的常用句式。以上具体步骤是学生进行书面表达训练时采用的基本程序，由此可大概看出书面表达是如何提纲挈领进行训练的。
First, power of perseverance
As the saying goes "line of beginning the great distance toyou". English written expression ability formation is not merit of thefirst, also is not week two months merit, must grasp bit by bit fromthe usual classroom instruction, perseveres, the power ofperseverance, only then has the possibility finally to solve Englishwritten expression difficult problem.
The high school English classroom by the text teaching primarily, theunion text teaching holds the student English written expression thedifficulty and the key - predicate verb semantics comparisongrammatical form change, adopts the many kinds of forms to carry onwriting the basic training, raises one of student English writtenexpression ability main methods. The concrete procere is: (1) Thetext glossary teaching, does not limit to according to the textproclaims the chapter, but is unifies English the construction word,the synonymy counter- righteousness comparison, the noun may countwith cannot count the word meaning the difference, strengthens thestudent to English morphological changes understanding, expands theirvocabulary, encourages their mouth writing skill to create sentences,to borrow this to train the student to use complete sentence 子表Italy the ability. (2) The text teaching process reads, writes,listens, to say takes turn. Generally hears in first, read-write inafter. Listens in view of the writing training, to say, to read,writes must pay attention to the material content the language formand the text content language form must have the suitable change andthe whole systematic characteristic, take the text content inquiry asthe example, the teacher inquires the words and expressions structureand the text content which uses is related, but uses the words andexpressions with the text language to have to have the suitabledifference, causes the student slightly to ponder can understand,contributes labor and materials for the student similar meaning manykinds of English approximate expression form, the accumulationmaterial, in unconsciously center understood grasps the more Englishsentence expression. (3) Instructs the student to carry on the longverse on the text content short to write, the short phrase detailedwrites the mouth writing skill practice, helps the student skilled tograsp in English the commonly used verb sentence structural change,the sentence and the plicate sentence similarities and differenceskey is at. The frequency of use is high, structural change moreEnglish commonly used verb like W i s h h o p e e x p e c the t and soon verb must frequently repeatedly use the different form practice,helps the student skilled to grasp the commonly used verb sentencestructure and the word meaning difference, graally has theconfidence and the custom in the psychology which creates sentenceswith English to express one's ideas. (4) Sometimes unifies the text,sometimes other supplement material, uses each kind of form toinstruct the student to rewrite, the abbreviation either theconjunction completes the short written work or completes theshort written work.
However in English text teaching carries on above writes the traininginstruction certainly not to solve the English written expressioncomplete, this process mainly holds English verb and Shan Fuju change,carries on the English written expression the fundamentaltraining, for raises the student solid language written expressionability also to need widespread many and mixed English reading.
Second,
"Studies the broken ten thousand volumes, starts writing liketo be bright". This speech vividly showed the written expression andthe widespread reading relations. The world famous foreign languageteaches the scientist American S t e p h e n K r a s h e n theteaching theory strength which published in its in 1993 to make "P o we r o f R e a d i n g - I n s i g h t f r o m t h e r e s e a r c h"center to point out in the foreign language process (1) foreignlanguage book read many people, its read-write ability studied thequantity few people to be stronger than. (2) The second languagereading quantity and the language custom between has the firmlyrelations. Indicated that, correctly instructs student reading issolves the glossary and rapidly enhances the second language theeffective way that must be taken. Studies and writing is just like theinput and the output, not the enough input absorption is impossible tohave the massive outputs.
High school student vocabulary limited, various branches work burdenheavy, English reading must consider, the difficulty is suitable, inthe time does not aggravate the extra burden as far as possible tothem. After the comparison choice, uses the province universitiespublishing house to distribute "the high school Englishgeneral-comprehension reading course" primarily, the national levelpublication "the high school English periodical" and the nationalrelease "the middle-school student reports" and "English auxiliary导报" for auxiliary. These kind of reading material contentwidespread, language vivid, the literature style is diverse, thearticle length is suitable, gains the students popularity very much.The time arrangement usually uses early studies by oneself the timelimit to complete, by each minute 50 to 100 words reading quantity,high three grades each week specially uses in with two classes timestudent freely to read English magazine and the publication, teacherthe particular guidance explanation question, persist reading thegeneral process two semesters to three semesters, the students willfeel the English commonly used word the basic word meaning and thescene have the very big enhancement. The verb structure and thetransformation quite was also familiar and be used to it, in fact thestudent unconsciously feature fun has been completing English glossaryconsolidated strengthened this arous task, for used English to carryon the written expression to accumulate the essential words andexpressions, the sentence type and the background aspect material. Thestudent carries on when English reading whether positive initiative,fills with the enthusiasm, is enormous regarding the language materialunderstanding and the absorption, if hugs is completing teacher thework the manner to study, possibly appears the buddhist priest tochant scripture the lip-service, front has looked, behind forgets thelight the phenomenon. Therefore, merely chooses for the student issuitable the interesting reading material and the arrangement certaintime is also insufficient, the teacher wants the idea in to instructin the process which the student reads to stimulate to train thestudent to study the foreign language on own initiative the interest,strengthens the student study foreign language the self-confidence,forms the good correct reading foreign language material the custom,the essential procere is frequently lets the student indiviallyunderstand in front of own schoolmate, successfully completes has thesuitable difficulty English reading question, teacher promptly givesthe encouragement.
Third, concentrates on the main points
English written expression integrated training needs toconcentrate on the main points is relatively time-saving effective.Especially high three graating classes time tight, the reviewquantity is big, is so. Here "the outline" refers is the program ofinstruction and the summary explained requests important grammarconcept and written expression each kind of different literary styleand request which the student grasps. Here "the collar" is said thewritten expression training process needs first oral to train, thelatter writing skill training, passes through throughout.
Take tests the outline to enlarge the outline request each kind ofwritten expression form as the order, always reviews in the high threeEnglish in the process separately carries on the special writingtraining instruction, the goal is clear about, is advantageous for thearrangement; Pointed strong, is easy to ince. Each special, theunion literary style, carries on first orally, the latter writingskill writing training, may cause the student mutually to exchange,makes up for one's deficiency by learning from others' strong points,profits by opinions from various sources,
Grasps the identical topic well, the literary style many kindsof expressions form and different links up the combination. Also isadvantageous to strengthening the student written expression theself-confidence and the accuracy, reces the nonessential simplemistake, is actual superior carries on two times of above languagesexpressions training to one kind of topic and the literary style,imperceptibly plays the consolidated strengthened role. Take tests theliterary style which the outline and the program request grasps towrite the notice as the example, explained how carries on the writingtraining which always reviews: (1) Splits out the identical contentwith the projecting apparatus the oral notification and the writtennotification compares its form and the sentence type characteristic.(2) Orally let the student repeat the identical content two kind ofnotices. (3) The teacher provides another content notice the requestand the essential words and expressions. (4) Prepares by the studentindivially to speak, the oral expression notice request uses thedifferent English sentence structure and the word order as far aspossible expresses the similar content. (5) The teacher organizes tocompare in the student oral expression the different structure and theword order similarities and differences and the effect. (6) Incesoral and writing skill notice commonly used each kind of 开头语;Middle content verb structure; Ending request polite talk and basicform. (7) Arranges the oral writing skill notice the written practice.(8) Takes back the practice, revises immediately, exchanges thestudent in the classroom to write has the characteristic or the basiccorrect notice. (9) Collective or indivial translation review noticeopening, middle and ending commonly used sentence type. The mainroutine which above the concrete step is the student carries on whenwritten expression training uses, how from this can probably see thewritten expression is concentrates on the main points carries on thetraining.
③ 怎样通过英语阅读提高英语写作能力 毕业论文
我的经验是多多阅读英语文章和报刊，
熟记几个你觉得可以套用的格式句或词专组，很多词组都是常用的，通属常老外写东西也不会变化太大，有些语义表达是共通的，所以必须得下功夫背一背。这样会逐步提高你的语感和写作能力。
④ 如何推广初中英语阅读写作一体化教学模式
一、小组合作学习在英语听写教学中的应用
词汇学习一直是学生学习英语最大的“拦路虎”,多年来，我们一直沿用“领读——默
写——讲解”的方式，效果不理想。学生在学习英语单词、短语和句子时需要做大量的听写练习，听写是训练听力和写作技能的一种很好的方式。可由教师读、学生
写，也可先让学生在小组内自学单词，由发音好的学生进行示范,不会读的通过向其他小组或者是教师请教来解决，自学后可以让小组集体朗读单词，同时纠正个别
错误的发音。会读之后进入拼写记忆阶段，拼读记忆之后可以以小组为单位进行听写。听写往往由组内英语成绩最棒、责任心最强的学生来进行。听写之后组员之间
交换批阅，最后每个小组把错误的单词写在黑板上，强化记忆，引以为戒。在记忆单词时，可以进行很多有创意的方式，如进行一人提问三人抢答的单词比赛，量化
得分。小组合作学习词汇，调动了学生的主动性、积极性，同时又可增加学生的训练量，减轻学生的心理负担。
二、小组合作学习在英语阅读教学中的应用
随着教材难度的加深,《英语课程标准》对中学各阶段的英语阅读技能目标提出了具体
要求，阅读量也大幅度地增加，如果采用传统的教学方式，师生难以完成教学任务。因此在处理阅读材料时，教师可以让学生独立预习课文，找出课文的重点、难点
和疑点，然后在小组内采用小组讨论的方式进行合作交流，一起解决预习中出现的问题，取长补短，弥补自己的知识缺陷。阅读教学中的合作小组讨论可以有以下一
些主要内容：1.对课文标题、插图等展开讨论，以激发学生的学习兴趣，发挥他们的想象力。2.对课文段落、细节、佳句、体裁、写作特点等进行讨论，以培养
学生的鉴赏和概括能力。3.对课文难句、长句、某些词语展开讨论，以提高学生理解和运用语
言的能力。4.对课文的时代背景、作者的态度和观点展开讨论，以培养学生评价人和事物的能力。
最后让学生在全班范围内进行讲述，与同学们分享自己的收获并共同解决存在的问题。教师不仅要适时进行点拨，让学生在动态的合作交流中获得知识，还要及时对
学生进行激励性评价。阅读教学中合作小组讨论这一环节有利于培养学生在阅读理解过程中做出正确的推论和合理的推断的能力以及在真实环境中表达自己思想的能
力。
三、小组合作学习在英语口语教学中的应用
口语在英语教学中起着十分重要的作用。口语学习不同于书面学习，它更依赖于集体行
为，要求人与人之间用语言直接进行交流。仅仅靠课堂45分钟，教师与学生之间的交谈是远远不够的，学生的对话能力无法实现质的提高。而分组合作中，可以不
断变换练习方式，如朗读对话、课文问答、讨论问题、句型操练或交际性练习等。学生用书和练习册中很多话题或题型为活动的变化提供了便利。以朗读对话为例，
具体实施方法如下：在英语口语教学中提倡“小组合作编对话”，在学生学完一段对话后，教师组织学生以小组为单位进行训练，开展竞赛。首先可以让学生根据对话内容在组内进行自由组合，就现成的对话进行操练；然后在此基础上进行小组合作，自编、自演、拓展对话。争取每堂课用5-10分钟的时间让学生表演（内容要体现上节课的重点句型），这样既可锻炼口语，又可巩固所学知识。
四、小组合作学习在英语写作教学中的应用
写作是学生综合运用英
语能力的一种体现，在写作教学中引入合作学习有助于提高学生的思维和写作能力。在英语课堂上，教师要充分调动学生的创造性思维，激发其内在的写作动力。因
此，英语课堂写作教学可以遵循“熟悉要求——小组讨论——独立写作——伙伴编辑——教师点评”的程序进行。在写作开始前，教师可以先就每单元的核心内容给
出写作话题，让学生通过小组内的共同讨论，加深对题目的认识和理解，集中不同的见解，捕捉合适的观点，然后根据讨论结果，确定可写的内容、写作时态、文章
结构等，小组成员每人根据选定的题目独立进行实际创作。在这个过程中，学生有困难的话可求助于组员或老师。写好后，每个组员依次评改同组其他成员的作文，
并用红笔划出精彩的句、段，就错句讨论改错，最后定稿。其中一位组员负责抄写，署上小组成员的姓名。教师可以就文章的思路、结构以及时态方面发表评论，提
出修改意见。同时表扬作文成绩好的小组，并把最好的作文作为范文在班里张贴，要求学生与此对照，对自己的作文进行反思评价。这样，既提高了每个成员的写作
能力和改错能力，又增加了小组的凝聚力。
⑤ 大学生英语阅读学习的策略英语作文
When I'm free or in trouble, I always take out a book and read quietly. In no time, I've put my heart into it so that I'll forget all the troubles. It's in this way that I've formed the habit of reading in any time.
Little boys as I was, I was interest in picture books and storybooks. I was struck by them. No sooner had I entered the middle school than I began to read novel, plays, and essays and so on. I found I could get much from them. Little by little I took great interest in literature and last term I won the first prize in the composition contest among middle-school students in Zhe Jiang.
Reading “ Emperor's New Clothes”, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his fool. “The Little Match Girl” couldn't keep me from crying for her misery. “Robinson Crusoe” took me into a strange world full of danger. And I was also deeply impressed by Helen Keller's patience and perseverance… Besides these, books also tell me other thing -how to be a man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong. In a word, good books can make me know what I didn't before. So I think of a good book as my best friend.