初中长篇英语阅读

Ⅰ 英语四级长篇阅读技巧

首先应该把全文大致地快速地浏览一遍，留下初步印象，知道是什么文体，某段大概是在讲什么就可以了。

不理解的句子和词语先放一边，观察选择题选项，将明显不符合文章意思和态度的选项排除。

之后再仔细浏览选项，将对应的文章句子查找出来并标好记号，方便之后检查，因为之前大致浏览过一边，所以找起来不会很难。找到后，注意结合上下文来理解，不然可能会误选。

(1)初中长篇英语阅读扩展阅读

英语四级翻译技巧

技巧一：增词法

在翻译段落时，为了能充分的表达原文含义，以求达意，翻译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅。

技巧二：词类转换

英语语言的一个很重要的特点，就是词类变形和词性转换，尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换。

技巧三：语态转换

语态分为被动语态和主动语态，汉语中主动语态出现频率较高，而与之相反，英语中被动语态的使用率较高。因此考生在翻译时，要注意语态之间的转换。

Ⅱ 英语长篇阅读和短篇阅读的区别

长篇要泛读，短篇要精读。长篇一般题比较容易找答案，但是篇幅长导致漏掉信息、时间不够、单词量过大。

Ⅲ 英语长篇阅读有哪些技巧啊！

看每段的第一句，抓重点

Ⅳ 一篇长篇英语阅读

c
a
d
a

a
36 有问题，因该是colors

c
d
c
b
b
d
d
a
d

Ⅳ 英语长篇阅读理解题

Around the World in 20 Days

Bertrand: In many people’ eyes, a round-the-world balloon flight was the last great challenge in aviation. The winter of 1998-99 was time of high anxiety. Five other teams were preparing to launch in various parts of the world. This would be my third, and last, attempt underwritten by the Breitling watch company. The weather was terrible, and February was drawing to a close. Normally the end of the month marked the end of the season for ballooning attempts. I was in despair. But early on February 24, 1999, the telephone rang. It was Luc Trullemans, one of our meteorologists.
“Bertrand, there’s a really good slot coming on the first of March!” he exclaimed. Trullemans and fellow meteorologist Pierre Eckert felt sure we could swing the balloon around the edge of a big depression forming over the Mediterranean by flying counterclockwise—going down over France and Spain. Then we would be carried eastward over Africa.
Brian Jones, my British co-pilot, and I knew if the weather turned, we would fail. But if we waited for next year, somebody else might succeed in the interim.
A balloon piloted by British tycoon Richard Branson hand gone down in the Pacific, but one sponsored by Britain’s Cable & Wireless and piloted by Andy Elson and Colin Prescot had already been aloft for seven days. On Sunday, February 28, we struggled to make the crucial decision: carry on or not? Brian and I knew this was our last chance for 1999. Alan Noble, our flight director, and Don Cameron, head of the firm that built the balloon, were far from being positive. “From the weather maps,” they said, “we don’t see how you can get around the world.”
“You get them up there,” argued Luc, “and I’ll get them around.”
Following meteorological assurances, Alan said, “I think we can go.” We put it to a vote of the whole team, and the show of hands to take off was unanimous. By five the next morning, Brian and I were both wide awake. After years of preparation and dashed hopes, the moment was upon us.
The launch teams had started inflation at 3 a.m. on March 1. The balloon was designed to function with a combination of hot air and helium. During the day the sun heats the helium, causing it to expand and make the balloon climb. At night propane is burned to heat the gas, maintaining the balloon’s lift.
Our meteorologists would work out the trajectories, then we would travel along with the moving weather all the way around the world.
As down broke, the wind began to blow and gust. Since any strong wind might damage the envelope and dash the gondola against the ground, we knew we had to take off soon.
At 8 a.m., Brian and I climbed in and closed the rear hatch. High above us the Mylar envelope was crackling. Hair-raising noises started to emanate from the gondola. Supplies and equipment kept tumbling onto the floor.
Unable to risk disaster any longer, Alan waited for one more big bounce and severed the restraining rope with his Swiss Army knife.
As we rose into the sky, he thousands who had assembled were screaming. Church bells were ringing. A fire engine’s siren was wailing. This enthusiasm seemed to propel us into the sky.
Brian: My first task was to be carried out atop the gondola, so before takeoff I climbed out through the top hatch and sat. a heavy double railing ringed the area, and we took off with such a jerk, I hat to cling tight to it.
Bertrand and I were both amazed by the speed at which we went up. The balloon finally stopped climbing at 1,000 feet when we hit an inversion layer—the level at which cold air close to the ground meets warmer air above. It acts like an invisible barrier.
Bertrand called out, “One bag of sand!” I started pouring 33 pounds of ballast down a tube that sent the sand clear of the capsule.
A moment later he shouted, “Look out, I’m going to burn!” The propane jets and blue flames roared six feet up, warming the helium. We started to climb again. I scrambled back into the gondola, and we sealed the hatch. We were on our way.
Bertrand: By sunset our first problems set in. the pilot lights on the burners began to act erratically, and every few seconds we had to manually ignite the burners.
More worrisome was the fact that we thought we were using far too much propane to maintain our height. It looked as though our chances of making it were perilously slim. But the first pair of fuel tanks held out until the evening of day two, exceeding our expectations. And that was a huge encouragement.
As we entered Moroccan airspace, I was rewarded by one of the most magnificent sights. I had ever seen: an absolutely incredible view of the Atlas Mountains with a full moon. We had been told how boring it would be to fly over the Sahara, but on the next day the views that unfolded were fabulous. For me, the desert was alive. The light was alive, and the sand was alive, full of different colors, different shapes, like the bottom of the sea. I spent hours staring at the desert, feeling its strangeness.
Brian: Early in the morning of March 4 the plan called for releasing our four empty auxiliary tanks. That meant an EVA—extravehicular activity—to cut them free. We also wanted to get rid of the ice that had formed from riding in the freezing high altitudes. As we descended to 10,000 feet, our adrenaline was flowing.
When we opened the hatch and climbed out, we found icicles that were ten feet long dangling from the envelope’s skirt. While I concentrated on fixing the faulty ignition system, Bertrand went about attacking the icicles with a fire ax. He commented that it was probably the first time that ice had rained on the Sahara in several thousand years.
With Bertrand holding one of my ankles, I reached out and freed one of the empty tanks. We watched it tumbling all the way to the ground. A puff of sand marked where it slammed into the desert. If it buried itself, I thought, it might lie there for a couple of millennia before some archeologist g it up.
By then we had finished our counterclockwise swing and were at last heading east, just as our meteorologists had predicted. The air was warm; the sky cloudless. Below us stretched sand and rock as far as the eye could see.
Bertrand: We were over Yemen and two days from the Indian subcontinent when an astonishing message came in from our ground crew: “The cable & Wireless control room says their balloon is landing 70 miles off the coast of Japan. The balloon iced up. Search and rescue are with them.” Now we were the only ones in the race.
I was desperate to pass on the news to Brian, and when he finally stuck his head out of the sleeping bunk hours later, I said, “I’ve got the most incredible news.”
He instantly said, “Andy’s down.”
Meanwhile I spoke to Luc, who confirmed that our position was perfect for enter China at the right point. We had guaranteed them we would keep south of 26 degrees latitude. If we found ourselves straying north of the limit, we would come down.
Brian: Heading for Myanmar (formerly Burma), we found we were graally creeping north toward the 26th parallel. This kept us on tenterhooks. But back in Geneva our weathermen were telling us we had to go right up almost to the boundary. Once there, the wind would take us e east.
On the way we had the following exchange with a Myanmar air controller.
Tower: “What is your departure point and destination?”
Me: “Departure point, Switzerland. Destination, northern Africa.”
Tower: (after several seconds of silence) “If you’re going from Switzerland to northern Africa, what in hell are you doing in Myanmar?”
Shortly before down on the morning of March 10 we arrived at the Chinese border. The Chinese had seen us coming and sent the message: “Your balloon’s heading for the prohibited zone. It must land.”
Bertrand: It was amazing. We skimmed across a 1,300-mile-long corridor straight as an arrow, with the 26th parallel never more than 30 miles away. Our meteorologists had sent us on a swirling trajectory of 8,100 miles, then through the eye of a needle.
By March 11 we were heading out over the Pacific. Faced by 8,000 miles of water, I felt as if I had stepped onto the edge of the abyss.
I picked up my pen and wrote: “This is exactly my definition of adventure, a point at which you hat to dig inside yourself to find the courage to deal with what may lie ahead.”
On Saturday, March 13, we were still over the Pacific. Our meteorologists said our speed would improve from our miserable 35 knots to 100 knots once we climbed into the jet stream. By Tuesday it would increase to 120.
Our propane reserves seemed perilously small. We had already burned two-thirds of our fuel and yet covered only half our course. everything depended on our weathermen: If they were right, we had a chance. If they were wrong, we were doomed.
Brian: Like Bertrand, I was thoroughly on edge over the Pacific. After seven days above the water, we at last made the coast of Mexico. Later that night, lying there, I found it had to breath. And it was not until I got up that I realized something was seriously wrong. I found Bertrand in the pilot’s seat, slumped against the bulkhead, gasping. He crawled into the bunk wearing an oxygen mask.
Our symptoms were not those of hypoxia, and the instruments monitoring the CO2 levels had not signaled any alarm. But despite this, we felt that we were slowing being asphyxiated. People on the ground started telephoning doctors in a frantic search for clues to what could be wrong with us. I was also wearing my oxygen mask, and after a few minutes of breathing pure oxygen, my head cleared. I thought, I Screw the instruments, and changed both the CO2 and the carbon filters. The symptoms graally began to disappear.
We crossed Mexico in a day and were soon out over the Caribbean. Reporting to air-traffic control in Kingston, Jamaica, I heard a female controller with a delicious voice ask what we were doing.
“We took off from Switzerland,” I answered. “We’re hoping to get around the world.”
“You guys sure are taking a chance!” she said.
She was right. Our fuel was critically short, and nobody was sure if we had enough to get across the Atlantic. Alan Nobel suggested we make our decision over Puerto Rico.
Bertrand: By March 18 it was time to decide. With cameras from all over the world focused on him, Alan got on the phone with us. When we had run through the agreed-upon formalities, Alan said, “I think you can go for it.”
“Bertrand!” cried Brian. “Tell him we’re going.”
“We’re not going to quit,” I told Alan. “Even if we ditch in mid-Atlantic, we go for it.”
Our weathermen guided us into the middle of the jet stream, and our speed increased as we shot out over the Atlantic. But cursing at 15,000 feet, the cold was intense and our heaters had failed. The temperature inside was 28.4 F, and our water supply froze.
On March 20 came good news. Our navigation computer told us we had made landfall. We had crossed the Atlantic, and at 6:15 GMT, or Greenwich Mean Time, when the sun came over the horizon, I again saw the desert I had loved so much 20 days earlier. Now the finish line was only 300 miles away, about three hours’ time.
When we crossed the line at 9:54 GMT, Brian and I stood up and embraced, slapping each other on the back and shouting, “We’ve done it! We’ve done it.”
The next morning, after the longest flight in distance and ration ever made by a free balloon, we landed in the Egyptian desert. Brian sent this fax: “The Eagle has landed. All okay. Bloody good.” Our trip round the world, and into history, was done.

1. To Bertrand and Brian, the winter of 1998-99 was a time of high anxiety because ______.
A. they were awaiting their last attempt of the season to launch the balloon.
B. another balloon sponsored by Britain’s Cable & Wireless had been aloft for 7 days
C. a balloon piloted by British tycoon Richard Branson had gone down.
D. the Breitling watch company sponsored their activities.

2. The decision to take off was made unanimously ______.
A. on February 28, 1999
B. at 3 a.m. March 1
C. on February 24, 1999
D. in the winter of 1998-1999

3. When deciding to launch, the meteorologists were confident that the balloon could ______.
A. fly over Moroccan airspace
B. fly counterclockwise to the Atlantic Ocean.
C. float over France and Spain first, then be carried eastward over Africa
D. travel along with the big depression over the Mediterranean

4. When the balloon hit an inversion layer at 1,000 feet, the pilots made it rise by ______.
A. pouring one bag of sand into the capsule
B. sending the ballast into the sky
C. dropping 33 pounds of sand and heating the helium
D. clearing the capsule of 33 pounds of sand and burning the helium

5. By the evening of the first day, it looked as though it wouldn’t be quite possible for them to complete the journey around the world because ________.
A. they were worried that the fuel they carried might not last long
B. they were using too much fuel to maintain their height
C. the balloon hit an inversion layer at 1,000 feet
D. pilot lights on he burner began to act abnormally

6. After hearing about the balloon’s departure point and destination, the Myanmar air controller said to them, “What in hell are you doing in Myanmar?” This showed that he was ______.
A. angry
B. surprised
C. mistaken
D. ignorant

7. If the balloon moved north of the 26th parallel, Bertrand and Brian would be quite worried because they might ______.
A. be shot down by the enemy
B. lose their way in China
C. be forced to land
D. be carried e east by a gust of wind

8. When the balloon flew over the Pacific, Bertrand felt ______.
A. it would be a long and challenging journey
B. the balloon was flying slowly
C. something might go seriously wrong
D. they would use up their propane reserve

9. Brian solved their breathing problem by ______.
A. telephone doctors on the ground for clues
B. tightening the instruments and changing the filters
C. breathing in pure oxygen for a few minutes
D. looking at the instruments and changing the air

10. The balloon flew across the Atlantic by ______.
A. burning more propane
B. flying in jet stream at 15,000 feet
C. monitoring the weather closely
D. recing the temperature to 28.4 F

Ⅵ 长篇英语阅读

http://www.tczj.net/wyx/show.asp?id=272有很多
Astronomers have witnessed the biggest bang since the big bang— moment about 15 billion years ago when the universe was created in a massive explosion. The huge burst of energy from the edge of the universe is estimated to be second only to the moment of creation in its explosive force, releasing more energy in two seconds than the sun will give out in it lifetime. Scientists hope the explosion—known as a gamma-ray burst because it emits energy in the form of gamma radiation—will shed light on the earliest stages in the evolution of the stars and galaxies. Gamma-ray bursts cannot be seen by the human eye, but if they could the sky would light up like a camera flash each time they occurred. They are by far the most energetic events in the universe and, until now, have remained largely a mystery.
The latest gamma-ray burst to be detected accurately occurred last December. Using a network of telescopes and satellites, the astronomers were able to calculate its distance from Earth at about 15 billion light years. This means it must have happened soon after the big bang itself, while the intensity of the radiation revealed it to be the biggest bang recorded by man. Scientists from the American National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the California Institute of Technology are to announce details of their analysis this week. The huge distance between the source of the explosion and the Earth suggests gamma-ray bursts are up to 10 times larger than previously thought, said Jonathan Katz, professor of physics at Washington University in St Louis.
“Gamma-ray bursts may be the most distant things we will ever see and as such will act as beacons to probe into the very distant regions of the universe when stars and galaxies were first formed.”
American spy satellites looking for the radiation released from Soviet nuclear tests first detected gamma-ray bursts in 1967 but the details were kept classified until 1973. For nearly 25 years scientists were hampered in their efforts to find an explanation for the huge explosions because they lasted no longer than a few seconds. The inability to explain them led to speculation that gamma-ray bursts were the remnants of nuclear battles between alien civilizations, or even the exhaust energy of extraterrestrial spaceships going into warp drive. Two satellites, the American Compton gamma-ray observatory and the Italian-Dutch Bepposax satellite, have now been able to locate the precise direction of gamma-ray bursts within seconds of them occurring. John Quenby, professor of physics at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in London, said the most likely explanation for gamma-ray burst is that they result from the enormous energy released when two very dense objects—called neutron stars—collide

Ⅶ 英语长篇阅读the male minority翻译

梅格·德隆（Meg
Delong）在佐治亚州北部城镇盖恩斯维尔（Gainesville）读高中时，是一名认真的学生，着眼于大学。她的许多女友都朝着同一目标努力。但是她的弟弟和大多数男性朋友似乎更喜欢像福斯塔夫那样，而不是学习莎士比亚。
“很多人都认为学习是针对女孩的，”现在雅典佐治亚大学攻读法语专业的德隆说。 “他们真的很聪明，但是他们会变得愚蠢，而且似乎被老师接受了。”
以DeLong的经验为例，在全州的学校中将其乘以数千次，今年在她的校园里，新生班的女生比例接近61％也就不足为奇了。在大一英语教程中，一小群男人静静地坐着，而女性则主导着课堂讨论。但是在课外，校园的气氛显然是男性友好的。
Sigma Nu兄弟会的社交主席Tyler Willingham指出，在聚会上，即使没有约会的男人也可以从“许多漂亮的女人”中进行选择。
这种性别差距在美国各地的校园中日益明显。直到1979年，男子占大学生的大多数。随着妇女在社会上其他地方赢得越来越多的平等，很自然并且期望她们能够在大学里达到平等，这是她们在1980年代初期所做的。但是令人惊讶的是，自1992年以来，男子的高等教育入学率有所下降。目前，男子只占全国本科生的44％。联邦的预测显示，到2010年，他们所占的比例将缩小到仅42％。这种趋势是大学招生人员中最热门的辩论话题之一。一些私立文科学院已经悄悄地开始了特别的招募工作，包括招收男性。
为什么短缺？很少有事实，但是有很多理论。轶事证据表明，在不需要学士学位的高科技工作的诱惑下，男人比女人多。有人称这是比尔·盖茨综合症，是微软大学毕业生退学后的结果。但是高科技行业仅雇用了美国约9％的劳动力。近年来，在经济火爆的情况下，一大批男性，尤其是来自低收入家庭的男性，可能正从高中直接进入飞机维修，电话和电力线维修等领域，平均每周支付850美元而不是承担大量的大学债务。一些社会评论家指责在学校教师中缺乏男性榜样，并且是一种在男孩中提倡反智主义的文化。而且，尤其是在城市中心地区，犯罪和团伙诱使男孩多于女孩而不是女孩。
性别差距有多普遍？据爱荷华州奥斯卡洛萨市的教育分析师托马斯·莫滕森（Thomas
Mortenson）称，几十年来，男性所获得的大学学位的比例一直在下降。美国政府的数据显示，从1970年到1996年，随着女性所获得的学士学位数量增加了77％，男性所获得的数量却增长了19％。并非所有的学校都感到失衡。许多精英学院和大学的男女申请都在飙升。莫滕森说，但是总体数字应该使我们“醒来，看看男孩有麻烦了”。
杰奎琳·金（Jacqueline
King）是大学近期性别差距研究的作者，他强调指出，这种差距在黑人（最新数字为63％的女性到37％的男性），西班牙裔（57％到43％）中最为广泛，在她的分析中，低收入白人（54％至46％）。她说：“不是要上大学的中产阶级白人年轻人。”而且，老年妇女的入学人数激增，使人数进一步增加。
不过，莫滕森（Mortenson）引用了美国人口普查数据，该数据表明种族和收入群体之间的差距有所缩小。此外，他和其他人认为，男孩作为一个整体，在K-12成绩的许多阶段都落后于女孩：男孩往往会获得较低的成绩，并且不太可能获得高中文凭。他们在SAT上的分数略高，但只有65％的男生考上了大学，而女生则只有69％。
保守派教育分析师克里斯蒂娜·霍夫·索默斯（Christina Hoff
Sommers）在她最近的《反对男孩的战争》一书中写道，男生“通常被视为存在着性别不平等的原始存在者，潜在的骚扰者和永恒者”，并且“生活在谴责的阴影中”。索默斯（Sommers）引用的研究表明，男孩上学的准备要比女孩少，做功课少，被停职的频率更高。卫斯理大学招生副院长克利福德·桑顿说：“对于男性来说，成为一名纯朴的学生没有任何社会意义。”尽管最新数据显示，大学毕业生的平均收入几乎是没有大学的人的两倍，但“社会上许多男孩都认为上大学是一件麻烦事，”社会学家和作家迈克尔·金梅尔（Michael
Kimmel）说。 “当时的想法是，'没有这份工作我就可以得到一份工作。'”
考虑贾斯汀·斯帕格诺利（Justin
Spagnoli）。高中毕业后，他在社区大学上课，然后辞去父亲在佐治亚州罗伊斯顿的内阁商店工作。如今，25岁的Spagnoli的年薪为50,000美元，而他的伙伴刚刚完成大学学业，以较低的薪水工作。他说：“您不需要再急，”如果您有才华的话。
一些私立文理学院正在使男人更容易进入。在宾夕法尼亚州卡莱尔的狄金森学院，今年的新生班男生为43％，高于去年的36％，部分原因是该校偏向“合格男性候选人”，招生和学生生活副总裁罗伯特·马萨（Robert
Massa）说。这个想法在狄金森的学生中受到了不同的评价。物理学专业的米歇尔·爱德华兹（Michelle
Edwards）说：“它具有平权作用。”但是马萨强调说：“我们承认的男人和女人一样有资格。”
去年七月，佐治亚大学败诉了女学生提起的诉讼，这些女学生由于采取有利于男性的平等权利政策而被拒绝录取。 20岁的尚娜·诺里斯（Shanna
Norris）大三说：“男生比女生的体重增加（录取指数）是不公平的，但是如果校园里有更多的男生会更好。”
那如何招募更多的人呢？在北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，招聘人员大肆宣传数学和科学课程-传统上在男性应聘者中很受欢迎。芝加哥的德保罗大学（女性占59％）向男孩寄出了额外的邮件。
但是，如果公立大学试图招募更多男性，可能会面临法律挑战。在加利福尼亚州，严格的反肯定行动法规有效地阻止了基于性别的宣传。在得克萨斯州和佛罗里达州-都在很大程度上废除了招生政策中的优惠-州官员说，没有特别的计划来引诱更多的男人。许多学校仍在通过向代表性不足的学生提供空缺来平衡过去由一种性别主导的课程（如工程学和社会工作）。但这并不一定会增加西班牙裔男性的人数。这导致一些教育工作者放弃了招聘规则。在旧金山州立大学，种族研究教授罗伯托·哈罗（Roberto
Haro）经常在市中心地区的男孩俱乐部和中学招募少数男性。结果，他说：“在过去的一年中，我们看到已申请的少数民族男性人数略有增加。”
黑色兄弟会也参与其中。在马里兰州，阿尔法·皮皮·阿尔法（Alpha Phi
Alpha）的霍华德县校友分会为高中男性提供指导计划，帮助他们提高成绩并激发他们申请大学。计划负责人大卫·巴雷特（David
Barrett）说：“我们的许多男孩都在监狱中。在校男孩–他们承受着来自同龄人的巨大压力，无法在学业上取得卓越。我们想向他们展示学习是可以的。”
迈克尔·金梅尔（Michael
Kimmel）相信，一旦我们开始改变文化中的反智主义潮流，市场力量将有助于弥合性别差距。他说：“最终，人们将开始重返大学，以满足对受过良好教育的劳动力的需求。”意识到他们将被聪明有魅力的女性所包围，并且他们的收入前景很好，因此肯定还会吸引更多的男性进入校园。

Ⅷ 英语长篇阅读范文

Dear friend,
My name is Sally. I am from China. I want a pen pal in Australia. I am 14 years old. I have no brothers or sisters in my family. MY favorite subject in school is science, because I think it’s very interesting. I like playing the piano and playing basketball on weekends. How about you? Can you write and tell me something about yourself?
Yours,
Sally

Ⅸ 英语长篇阅读Teaching My Grandmother to Read全文翻译

当我十四岁的时候，我被我的年龄段身份所吸引（期待能得到年龄所能带来的好处）我给自己定了个很特别的目标——把我和我所不信任的朋友区别开。
作为一个老师，别人会认为我有一些深沉的，但需要和朋友分享的秘密。我的秘密就是连续几个月进行每天放学后的计划，计划开始于我一直想要进入当地小学——我看到过的最可怕不过的景象。现在我在初中，我把自己定位于一个从小学毕业出来，并处在我所喜爱的五年级老师照顾之下的学生， 有人从闭锁仓库中取出来的一小捆钱然后给了我——我把这一捆钱快速的放入袋子中，很害怕有人看到我拿着“小孩子”学校的东西回家。 我把这一捆钱拿回了家——我很骄傲，在我家的管束之中，我对我的计划深感自豪。我走进客厅，一个接一个的，把钱全都夹在基础读物书中，这些薄薄的书有着彩色的封面和大大的字体，单词是单音节并且反复重复的。我就坐在手边那秘密任务之旁.。“好吧”我威严的对着我那七十岁的祖母说“今天，我们开始我们第一节阅读课” 之后的几个周，我的祖母和我耐心的坐在一起，然后她带着一点艰难，听懂每一个单词，然后再一点点的读出来，直到她能完全理解这些简短的句子。当她缓慢的重复一个完整的句子，我们都会示以微笑和掌声——我感觉如此的自豪。
我的祖母出生在希腊卡拉马塔一个寸草不生的小山地农场村庄，她从没有时间和机会去学校学习。作为年龄最大的长女，她被期待能够照顾其他的弟弟和妹妹，照顾家庭和家畜。