㈠ 人教版英語九年級1-10的所有語法
點擊原文】 -How do you study …? 你怎樣學習……?
-By doing … 通過做……(P3)
【鏈接中考】-_________ do you study English?
-By listening to tapes. (2006福建寧德)
A. How B. Where C. When D. Why
【真題解讀】A。四個選項都是疑問詞,分別意為「怎樣」、「哪裡」、「什麼時候」、「為什麼」,根據答語「通過聽磁帶(學習英語)」可知問句是「你怎樣學習英語?」的意思,故選A。
【點擊原文】 get/ be excited about … 對……感到激動(P4)
【鏈接中考】Millions of people are crazy about the World Cup these days. (2006雲南省課改區)
A. satisfied with B. wildly excited about
C. annoyed with D. worried about
【真題解讀】B。四個選項都可以與be連用,分別意為「對……滿意」、「對……非常激動」、「對……苦惱」、「對…..擔心」,根據題意「這些天成百萬的人都為世界盃而瘋狂」可選出正確答案為B。
【點擊原文】 practice doing … 練習做……(P5)
【鏈接中考】-My spoken English is poor. What shall I do?
-That』s easy. Practise _________ it as much as possible. (2006江蘇揚州)
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. to speak
【真題解讀】C。practise和practice 都可以做動詞,後面接動詞時要用動詞ing形式。分析比較四個選項可知正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】regard … as 把……當作……(P8)
【鏈接中考】Yao Ming is _____ as one of the most popular basketball players in the world. (2005遼寧大連)
A. regarded B. made C. kept D. watched
【真題解讀】A。regard … as意為「把……當作……」,主要指思想上、感情上「將……看成是……」,暗含說話人根據外部情況所得出的估計,其中as是介詞,後面接名詞或形容詞。分析比較四個選項,根據題意「姚明被當作世界上最受歡迎的籃球運動員之一」,可選A。
【點擊原文】with the help of … 在……的幫助下(P8)
【鏈接中考】________ the help of the teacher, he became a good students. (2006青海省)
A. Under B. On C. With
【真題解讀】C。with the help of意為「在……的幫助下」,常位於句首,也可以寫作with one』s help。由關鍵信息the help of可直接選C。
【點擊原文】be afraid of … 害怕……(P10)
【鏈接中考】He is ________ dogs, so he never keeps any of them at home. (2006青海省)
A. interested in B. afraid of C. worried about
【真題解讀】B。be afraid of一般表示害怕某事的發生,內心帶有某種程度的恐懼性,從心理上極不願意或擔心某事的發生。分析比較四個選項,本題由關鍵信息be afraid of可知其後接動詞-ing形式,故正確答案為B。需要強調的是,be afraid of後面接動詞時,應用動詞-ing形式,如:
–Are you afraid of _________ at home, Linda?(2006甘肅蘭州)
- No. I』ve grown up.
A. alone B. being alone C. lonely D. being lonely (答案為B)
【點擊原文】used to do … 過去常常做……(P11)
【鏈接中考】I ________ in this small mountain village when I was a child. (2006湖南資陽)
A. use to live B. used to living C. used to live D. used to life
【真題解讀】C。used to後面接動詞原形,用來表示過去的習慣(過去經常反復發生的動作)或狀態,可意為「過去常常做某事」,而現在已不再這樣了,可用於各種人稱。需要強調的是,be used to後面接動詞-ing形式時,表示「習慣於做某事」。分析比較四個選項,可先排除A、D選項,根據題意「當我是小孩的時候,我就居住在這個小山村裡」可選出正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】spend … doing … 花費……做……(P14)
【鏈接中考】He _______ less time reading stories about film stars than before. (2006江蘇南通)
A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays
【真題解讀】B。表示「某人花了多少錢買某物/多少時間做某事」,其中介詞in可以省略;另s」。四個選項都可以表示「花費」,區別是:take常用於It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 句型,其中it為形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式;spend常用在Sb. spends some money / time on sth 或Sb. spends some money / time in doing sth句式;cost常用於Sth. costs sb. some money.句型,其主語是物;pay的主語也是人,常與介詞for連用。根據題中關鍵詞reading即可選定正確答案為B。
【點擊原文】give up doing … 放棄做……(P17)
【鏈接中考】Mr. Brown stopped drinking two months ago. (同義句改寫)
Mr. Brown ________ ________ drink two months ago. (2006湖北孝感)
【真題解讀】gave up。give up doing …意為「放棄做……」,相當於stop doing sth.。故本題由stoped可填gave up。需要注意的是,give up是動副型短語,後面接代詞作賓語時,代詞應置於它們之間。如:
Smoking is bad for your health. You』d better _________. (2006重慶課改區)
A. give up it B. give it up C. take out it D. take it out (答案為B)
【點擊原文】should be allowed to do … 應該被允許做…….(P18)
【鏈接中考】In many countries, teenagers under 18 should not _________ to enter Internet bars. (山西運城課改區)
A. allow B. be allowed C. are allowed
【真題解讀】B。三個選項中都含有allow,根據題意「在許多國家,18歲以下的青少年不應該被允許進入網吧」。should not be allowed是should be allowed的否定形式,表示「不應該被允許做……」。
【點擊原文】 instead of doing … 代替做……(P19)
【鏈接中考】If you can』t get to sleep, then get up and try to do something _________ lying in bed. (2005雲南省課改實驗區)
A. and B. or C. instead of D. because of
【真題解讀】C。instead of doing意思是「代替/替代做……」,用來連接兩個對等的成分,其中of後面的內容是被否定的。分析比較四個選項,由題意「如果你不能入睡,就起床試著做一些事情,而不要躺在床上」可選出正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】So do we! 我們也是!(P20)
【鏈接中考】-Li Yunchun sings so well. I like her very much.
-_________ (2006漳州課改區)
A. So am I. B. So do I. C. So I am. D. So I do.
【真題解讀】B。「So + 系動詞/情態動詞/助動詞 + 主語」結構是一個倒裝句,用來表示前面所說的情況也符合另一個人或物;而「So + 主語 + 系動詞/情態動詞/動詞」結構,表示說話人對前面一句話所表達觀點的認可,意為「......的確如此」。根據題意思可排除C、D,因前句中的sings是行為動詞,所以下句用do來代替,避免重復,故舍A選B。
【點擊原文】stay up to do… 熬夜做……(P20)
【鏈接中考】During the World Cup, some people __________ all night to watch the games. (2006雲南省課改區)
A. wake up B. get up C. stay up D. make up
【真題解讀】C。四個選項都含有up,分別意為「喚醒」、「起床」、「熬夜」、「整理;包裝」,根據題意「在世界盃期間,一些人整個晚上的熬夜來看比賽」可選出正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】belong to … 屬於……(P35)
【鏈接中考】-Whose guitar is this?
-It ________ Alice. She plays the guitar. (2006遼寧沈陽)
A. might be B. must be C. can belong D. might belong to
【真題解讀】D。belong to意為「屬於」,它沒有進行時態和被動語態,後面多接人,也可接物。根據題意「這是誰的吉他」,「它可能是Alice的,她彈吉他」可選出正確答案為D。再如:
Everyone knows that Taiwan belongs _________ China. (2006寧夏回族自治區)
A. for B. with C. to D. about (答案為C)
【點擊原文】I love singers who write their own music.(P45)
【鏈接中考】I love singers _________ write their own music. (2006內江市課改區)
A. when B. which C. who
【真題解讀】C。三個選項都可以用來連接定語從句,when指時間,which指物,who指人,由先行詞singer是人,可以選出正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】remind sb. of … 提醒某人……;使某人想起……(P46)
【鏈接中考】Action movies _________ me of Jackie Chan. (2006雲南昆明)
A. remind B. think C. hear D. miss
【真題解讀】A。四個選項都是動詞,結合句意「動作片使我想起成龍」,表示「使某人想起……」常用結構remind sb of sth,所以選A,其它三個選項都不符合題意。
【點擊原文】I』d like to trek though … 我想穿過……去旅行。(P52)
【鏈接中考】I like exciting trips. I』d love to trek ________ the Amazon jungle next summer, because it』s a good place to explore. (2006四川資陽)
A. across B. though C. crossing D. cross
【真題解讀】B。分析比較四個選項,across和though都是介詞,意為「穿過」,其區別是:前者指在……表面穿過;而後者指從……裡面穿過。crossing是名詞,意為「交叉口」,cross是動詞,意為「橫過」,根據題意「我喜歡旅行,我下個月想穿過亞馬遜河叢林旅行」可選出正確答案為B。
【點擊原文】-Where would you like to …? 你想去哪裡……?
-I』d like to go somewhere relaxing. 我想去……。(P53)
【鏈接中考】-Where would you like to go on vacation?
-I』d love to go _________. (2006遼寧沈陽)
A. somewhere relaxing B. anywhere relaxed
C. somewhere relaxed D. everywhere relaxing
【真題解讀】A。somewhere, anywhere和everywhere都是不定副詞,修飾它們的形容詞要放在它們的後面。另relaxing用來修飾物,而relaxed 用來修飾人,根據題意「我想去一些比較休閑的地方」可選A。
【點擊原文】Why not do …? 為什麼不多……呢?(P54)
【鏈接中考】—What are you going to do with your pocket money?
—_____ give it to the children from Aids(艾滋病)families? (2006湖北宜昌)
A. What about B. What for C. Why don』t D. Why not
【真題解讀】D。What about doing sth? / Why don』t you do sth? / Why not do sth? 都是提建議的常用句型,而what for意為「為什麼」。結合本題句意及關鍵詞give——動詞原形,可選D。
【點擊原文】It seems that …. 看起來…...。(P59)
【鏈接中考】-Doctor, it seems ______ you like to work with animals.
-Yes, I think animals should ______ as our friends. (2005蘇州)
A. that, regard B. that, be regarded
C. what, regard D. what, be regarded
【真題解讀】B。「It seemed + that從句」,表示「好像……」, 通常可以轉化成「名詞/代詞+seems/seemed + 動詞不定式短語」這一簡單句型,如果動詞不定式短語是「to be+形容詞」,to be有時可省略。由關鍵信息it seems先排除C、D選項;根據語意「動物應該被照顧」,知應用被動語態,所以應選B。
【點擊原文】come up with … 想起……(P61)
【鏈接中考】She is planning on driving. Let』s help her ________ some good ideas. (2006湖南資陽)
A. come out B. come up
C. catch up with D. come up with
【真題解讀】D。四個選項分別意為「出來;出版」、「走近;發芽」、「趕上」、「想出」,根據題意為「她正計劃著學開車呢,讓我們幫助她想出一些好主意」,故正確答案為D。
【點擊原文】Not only … but (also) … 不但……而且……(P62)
【鏈接中考】_________ has known the man well. (2006遵義市)
A. Not only you but also he B. Neither he nor you C. Both you and he
【真題解讀】A。not only ... but also意為「不但……而且……」,用來連接句子中成分相同的詞語,如果用來連接主語,謂語動詞要以but also後面的主語為准。分析比較三個選項,結合題中的關鍵詞has可知B、C選項均不符合語境,故正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】be used for … 被用於……(P69)
【鏈接中考】The robots are ________ for doing housework. They are ready amazing. (2006大連市)
A. used B. sent C. asked D. discovered
【真題解讀】A。be used for意為「被用來……」,其中介詞for表示用途和作用,後面接名詞或動詞-ing形式。根據題意「這些電腦被用於做家務」可選出正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】the number of …. ……的數目(P74)
【鏈接中考】-How many students are there in your school?
-_________ the students in our school _________ over two thousand. (2006青海省)
A. The number of, is B. The number of, are C. A number of, is
【真題解讀】A。考查the number of短語。the number of意為「……的數目」,作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數形式;與之相似的a number of意為「大量、許多」,相當於many,作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。根據題意「我們學校的學生數超過了兩千」可選出正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】decide to do … 決定做……(P88)
【鏈接中考】 -Laura, we』ve decided _________ on a trip this afternoon. Will you join us?
-I』m afraid not. I have a composition _________. (2006江蘇揚州)
A. to go, to write B. to go, writing C. going, to write D. going, writing
【真題解讀】A。decide後面接動詞時要用動詞不定式,由此排除C、D;結合「I』m afraid not(恐怕我今天下午我不能旅行)」可知「我有一篇作文要寫」,故應用動詞不定式作定語修飾composition。因此選A。
【點擊原文】Why not? 為什麼不呢?(P88)
【鏈接中考】-Would you like to go to the zoo with us?
- (2006湖北荊州)
A. No. I』m busy. B. Why not? C. Thank you. D. That』s all right.
【真題解讀】B。四個選項分別意為「不,我很忙」、「為什麼不呢?」、「謝謝你」、「沒關系」。根據題意「你想和我們一起去動物園嗎?」可選出正確答案為B。Why not?是「為什麼不呢?」的意思,是一個反問的語氣,後面接動詞時要用動詞原形。
【點擊原文】kinds of … 有點兒……(P88)
【鏈接中考】 I like koala bears because they are kind of interesting. (詞語釋義) (2006漳州課改區)
A. very B. a few C. a bit D. too
【真題解讀】C。本題劃線部分kind of也是「有點兒」的意思,比較四個選項,即可選出正確答案為C。a bit 意為「一點兒」,作狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及形容詞和副詞的比較級時,a bit可與a little替換;作定語修飾不可數名詞時,要先加介詞of,再接名詞。還應注意:not a little和not a bit兩者意義完全不同,前者意為「很多、不少(=much)」,後者意為「一點也不、一點也沒有(=not at all)」。
【點擊原文】It』s also just fun to watch people. (P88)
【鏈接中考】It』s a good habit ____ breakfast every day. (2006陝西省)
A. had B. have C. has D. to have
【真題解讀】D。考查動詞不定式作主語。句式「It is +n. +of +sb. to do sth.」中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是to do sth.動詞不定式作主語時,這樣可以使句子避免頭重腳輕。就本題而言,由關鍵詞it』s即可確定正確答案為D。類似的句式還有「It is +adj. + to do sth.」。
【點擊原文】Well, when I go into stores I always spend too much money! (P88)
【鏈接中考】Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of __________ rich food. (2006黑龍江哈爾濱)
A. too much B. much too C. very much
【真題解讀】A。考查too much短語。too much意為「太多」,常作形容詞片語,用來修飾不可數名詞;而much too的含義是「(實在)太……」,它常用作副詞,用來修飾形容詞和副詞。三個選項都含much,由題中的關鍵信息rich food可知正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】Parents will spend many happy hours walking through the History Museum. (P90)
【鏈接中考】He _____ less time reading stories about film stars than before. (2006江蘇南通)
A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays
【真題解讀】B。考查「花費」的辨析。四個選項都可以表示「花費」,區別是:take常用於It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 句型,其中it為形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式;spend常用於「Sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.」句式,表示「某人做某事花費了多少時間/金錢」,其中介詞in可以省略,也可以帶著;cost常用於Sth. costs sb. some money.句型,其主語是物;pay的主語也是人,常與介詞for連用。根據題中關鍵詞reading即可選定正確答案為B。另spend還可以用在Sb. spends some time/money on sth.句式中,表示「某人在某事上花費了多少時間/金錢」。
【點擊原文】depend on … 依賴……;由……決定(P92)
【鏈接中考】The price of the computer __________ what kind you want to buy. (2006福建廈門)
A. goes on B. takes after C. depends on
【真題解讀】C。三個選項分別意為「繼續」、「像」、「依靠;決定」,根據題意「電腦的價格決定你要買的款式」可選正確答案為C。另外,depend on也可以說成depend upon,後面接名詞、代詞、動名詞或that從句作賓語。
【點擊原文】be supposed to do … 應該做……(P94)
【鏈接中考】To keep safe, everyone _________ to wear a seat belt in the car. (2006遼寧十一課改區)
A. is supposed B. supposes C. supposed D. will suppose
【真題解讀】A。四個選項是suppose的四種形式,根據題意「為了保持安全,乘車時每個人都應該戴上安全帶」可選出正確答案為A。be supposed to的意思是「應該做某事」、「被期望做某事」,其後接動詞原形,相當於be expected to do sth.;用在否定句中表示命令、禁止,意為「不準做某事」。
【點擊原文】… is to do …. ……是做……。(P96)
【鏈接中考】 -What does John do on the farm?
-Oh, his job is _________ the animals. (2005黑龍江哈爾濱)
A. to feed B. feed C. to feeding
【真題解讀】A。考查動詞不定式在句中作表語。動詞不定式是由「to+動詞原形」構成,故排除C;因句中有謂語動詞is,再排除B。故A為正確答案。
【點擊原文】I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but …. (P98)
【鏈接中考】I find ________ difficult to finish the work on time. We only have three hours left. (2006吉林長春)
A. it B. that C. its D. this
【真題解讀】A。考查it作形式賓語。在英語中,當作賓語的動詞不定式後面有賓語補足語時,通常要用it作形式賓語代替動詞不定式,並將真正的動詞不定式置於賓語補足語之後。由關鍵信息difficult to finish可直接選出正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】begin with 以……開始(P99)
【鏈接中考】You are weak in English. I think you』d better __________ ABC. (遵義市)
A. end up with B. go on with C. begin with
【真題解讀】C。三個選項都含有介詞with,分別意為「以……結束」、「繼續做某事」、「以……開始」,根據前句語境「你的英語很差」可推斷「我認為你最好從ABC開始(學習)」,故選C。
【點擊原文】Could you please tell me if there are any good museums in Newtown? (P99)
【鏈接中考】I don』t know _______ on a trip to Canada.(2006遼寧十一課改區)
A. if he goes B. when will he go C. if he』ll go D. when he goes
【真題解讀】C。考查賓語從句的用法。由I don』t know可知本題用賓語從句,在賓語從句中要用陳述語序,結合題意「我不知道他是否去加拿大旅行」可排除B、D選項,另考慮此題從句表示將來意義,故舍A選C。
【點擊原文】is being done ……正在被做……(P100)
【鏈接中考】The World Cup (世界盃足球賽) _________ in Germany now. (2006山東濱州)
A. being had B. is having C. is holding D. is being held
【真題解讀】D。考查現在進行時的被動語態,其結構為「助動詞is/ am/ are +being +及物動詞的過去分詞」。由關鍵詞now可知本題用現在進行時,根據題意「世界盃足球賽正在德國被舉行」可選出正確答案為D。
【點擊原文】This is 這就是……。(P100)
【鏈接中考】The question is _________ he won』t listen to anyone. (2006山東德州課標卷)
A. that B. whether C. if D. when
【真題解讀】D。考查表語從句的引導詞。四個選項都可以用在表語從句中,根據題意為「問題是他不聽任何人說的話」可選出正確答案為A。
【點擊原文】Me too! 我也是! (P102)
【鏈接中考】-I』ll go to the West Lake this weekend. What about you?
- . Let's go together. (2006江蘇鹽城)
A. No, I won』t B. I won』t go C. Me, too D. Sorry, I'm busy
【真題解讀】C。「Me too.」表示「我也是」,用來表達和對方相同的想法或做法的常用語。根據題意「我將這個周末將去西湖,你呢?」「我也是,讓我們一起吧!」可選出正確答案為C。
【點擊原文】so … that…. 如此……,以致於……。(P103)
【鏈接中考】The drink is _________ delicious ________ I enjoy it very much. (2006黑龍江哈爾濱)
A. too, to B. so, that C. such, that
【真題解讀】B。分析比較三個選項,A選項意為「太…..而不能……」,too後面接形容詞或副詞,而to 後面接動詞原形;B、C選項都有「如此…..以致……」的意思,其區別是:so後面接形容詞或副詞,而such後面接名詞。由關鍵詞delicious可選出正確答案為B。
【點擊原文】make … do … 使得……做……(P103)
【鏈接中考】Don』t make me _____ this or that. I』m too busy! (2006江蘇徐州)
A. to do B. do C. doing D. done
【真題解讀】B。make … do ...表示「使(要)某人(事物)做什麼(怎麼樣)」,其中do是省略to的動詞不定式,在句中作賓語補足語,故由關鍵詞make和題意「不要使我做這做那,我太忙了」,可選出正確答案為B。另需注意的是,make後還可以用名詞、形容詞或介詞短語作賓語補足語。
【點擊原文】so that 以便;為了(P106)
【鏈接中考】Hurry up, Jack. We have to get to the station before 11:45 _____ we can catch the 12:00 train. (2006江蘇南通)
A. since B. after C. as soon as D. so that
【真題解讀】D。so that作「以便」解時,用來引導目的狀語從句,此時從句中通常帶有情態動詞;作「結果,以致於」解時,用來引導結果狀語從句。四個選項都可以用來引導狀語從句,根據題意「傑克,快點。為了趕上12點的火車,我們不得不在11:45前到達車站」,故正確答案為D。
【點擊原文】not …, either. ……也不。(P107)
【鏈接中考】If you don』t go to the meeting tomorrow, __________? (2006重慶市課改區)
A. he will, too B. he won』t, either C. he does, too D. he doesn』t, either
【真題解讀】B。either和too都可以表示「也」,其區別是;前者用於否定句,後者用於肯定句和疑問句中。根據題意「如果你明天不參加那個會議,那麼他也不參加」可選出正確答案為B。
27回答者: interesting14
㈡ 九年級英語全一冊語法聚焦翻譯
One morning before class, when I was running into the classroom, I knocked over the ink bottle on the teacher's desk, and the red ink spilt ① on the desk. I was sure I would be scolded by the teacher. Just at that moment the bell rang and I went to my seat.
「 up!」 our monitor said loudly. I stood up and my legs were trembling.
「Who knocked over the ink bottle?」 Miss Ye, the teacher, asked. I kept silent. Many eyes were fixed upon me. Miss Ye walked to me and asked in a low voice,「Did you do it?」
「No, no, I didn't, 」 I said hurriedly②. My face turned red at once. I didn't know why I had told a lie.
「OK, I believe you.」 She patted me on the head and then began teaching.
I felt very sorry. I knew I was wrong. So I went to see Miss Ye in the afternoon.
「I'm sorry, Miss Ye,」 I said. 「This morning I told a lie.」
「I saw the whole thing through the window when I was outside the classroom, 」she said. 「But I didn't scold you. I knew you would come to tell me the truth because I believe you are an honest girl.」
I dropped my head without saying a word.
「I'm happy that you have come,」 she continued. 「You haven't made me disappointed.」
When I heard these words, tears filled my eyes.
課前的一個早晨,當我沖進教室的時候,我打翻了墨水瓶放在老師的書桌上,和紅墨水灑在桌子上。我確信我會被老師罵。就在這時,門鈴響了,我去我的座位。
「站起來!「我們的班長大聲說。我站起來,我的腿在顫抖。
「是誰打翻了墨水瓶?「葉老師問。我保持沉默。許多眼睛盯著我。葉小姐向我走來,低聲問,「你做了嗎?「
「不,不,我沒有,」我連忙說。我的臉變紅了。我不知道我為什麼要撒謊。
「好吧,我相信你。」她拍拍我的頭,然後開始教學。
我感到很抱歉。我知道我錯了。所以我去看葉小姐在下午。
「對不起,葉小姐,」我說。「今天早上我撒謊了。」
「我看到了整個事情的經過的時候,我在教室外面,」她說。「但我沒有罵你。我知道你會來告訴我真相,因為我相信你是個誠實的女孩。」
我把我的頭一句話不說。
「我很高興你來了,」她繼續說。「你沒有讓我失望。」
當我聽到這些話時,我的眼睛充滿淚水。
㈢ 九年級英語所有語法
不定代詞(some any,all both,either neither,no none,each every,many much,few little的區別與聯系)
A復合不定代詞 12個
Bsome any的用法
時態
A一般現在、過去、將來時
B現在、過去完成時
C過去、現在、將來進行時
D現在完成進行時
賓語從句(3種)
定語從句(以that為主)
構詞法,主要詞綴(un dis bi ab inter tele re ful tion less ese y ing ed ly able al等)
主要縮寫
形容詞與副詞的比較級,最高級
A特殊變化與一般變化
B用法
動詞的種類
行為、情態、聯系、助動詞
句子的成分
主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語
簡單句5大基本句型(順便掌握及物與不及物動詞的區別)
動詞不定式
A基本結構(to+動詞原型,否定式為not to+動詞原型)
B用法
C疑問詞+不定式
被動語態
A主動與被動的概念
B構成
C情態動詞被動語態
虛擬語氣(以「現在不可能發生」為主)
結構為If+主+V-ed,主+would do。
注意從句裡面be用were
雙賓語
情態動詞
caN could,should,would,would like,might may,have to must,need
特別注意掌握情態動詞表推測
直接引語,間接引語
注意指示代詞、時間與地點詞、動詞轉換的情況
注意不轉換的情況
注意主從一致
狀語從句(特別是IF ,WHEN和UNTIL)
注意主句一般將來時,從句用一般現在表將來。
名詞
A專有名詞與普通名詞
B可數與不可數
C可數名詞單數與復數
D所有格
19.代詞
A人稱代詞
B物主代詞
C指示代詞
20.數詞
A基數詞
B序數詞
21.動詞縮略形式
介詞
A時間介詞
B地點介詞
C其他
冠詞
分詞
A現在與過去分詞
B現在分詞做主語等
C分詞做定語
倒裝
A so+動詞+主語
B部分倒裝
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
特殊
A季節,星期,月份,年份讀法
B報時
C動詞+介詞,動詞+副詞的各種特殊意義
推薦樓主看看這個重點的:
http://wenku..com/view/298b9a5277232f60ddcca1e0.html
year中國真好為你解答
如若滿意,請點擊[採納為滿意回答]
如若您有不滿意之處,請追問,我一定改正!希望給您一個正確答復!
祝您學業進步!
O(∩_∩)O謝謝
㈣ 初三英語課文Unit11 Reading 翻譯
你能借給我你的鋼筆嗎?
為建議或幫助詢問是一個公共和必要的活動,特別是當我們參觀一個外國國家。所以知道如何去有禮貌地咨詢信息是很重要的。在英文中,「廁所在哪兒?」和「你能告訴我廁所在哪兒?」是相同的要求——都是正確的英語,但是第一句話聽起來很粗魯。使用正確的語法是很重要的,但是有時候僅此不夠的——我們需要去學習在我們提出要求的時候變得有禮貌。
在英語中,就像中文,我們改變我們說話的方式在與不同的人談話的時候。你使用的表達方式可能決定於你和誰談話或者你有多熟悉他們。如果你對你的老師說:「我的書在哪兒?」這聽起來很粗魯。但是如果你說:「不好意思,威斯特先生。你知道我的書在哪兒嗎?」你的問題聽起來將會更有禮貌。另一方面,說「我的書在哪兒?」這種情況可能也是對的,或許和你親近的人。
另外你不用經常說「Peter,借我你的鋼筆。」一句像這句很直接的英語的話聽起來很粗魯。有禮貌得用英語提問會更長,包括「請問你能……?」或者「我能詢問……?」「Peter,請問你能借我你的鋼筆嗎?」聽起來更禮貌。有時候我們甚至需要去花費時間是引導出一個問題。舉個例子,如果你攔住一個在路上走的一個陌生人,我們開始可能要在請求他的幫助之前說「不好意思。我想要知道你是不是願意去幫助我?」或者「我很抱歉去打擾你。」
由於時間關系,先發前三段,抱歉。
㈤ 九年級英語第十一課翻譯
南希:嗨,伯特,我覺得我是把愛麗絲給惹惱了,我不知道該怎麼辦。
伯特:發生什麼事情了?
南希:你知道朱麗葉是愛麗絲最好的朋友吧?
伯特:對呀。
南希:好吧,我越了解朱麗葉,我越發現我們之間有很多共同的地方。所以最近我們花了更多的時間在一起。
伯特:那是錯在那兒啦?
南希:額,這讓愛麗絲不開心了,因為她認為朱麗葉和我的關系比她的朱麗葉的關系還要好了。
伯特:我知道了。額。你為什麼不在你和朱麗葉在一起的時候叫上愛麗絲呢?這樣她就不會覺得自己被忽略了。
南希:哦!方法棒極了!那會使我們的友情更深厚的!
㈥ 九年級下冊英語書11課課文翻譯
可以借我用一下你筆嗎?
詢問問題和尋求幫助是一個非常普遍而且很有必要性的行為,尤其是你在外國旅遊的時候。因此,知道如何禮貌的詢問問題非常重要。在英語中「休息室在哪裡?」以及「請問你能告訴我休息室在哪裡嗎?」都是很相近的要求,他們都是正確的英語,但是前者聽起來會讓人覺得無禮。使用正確的英語很重要,但是有的時候這一點並不足夠,我們還需要學習當我們提問的時候怎樣做比較禮貌。
在英語中,跟漢語一樣,與不同的人交談時我們通常會改變我們說話的方式。你的表達方式根據與你交談的人是誰或者你有多了解他們而定。如果你對你的老師說,「我的書在哪?」這就聽起來比較無禮。但是圖過你說「對不起打擾一下,west先生,你知道我的書在哪裡嗎?」你的問題將會聽起來更加的禮貌。另一方面,在一些你與你很了解的人交談的環境中,「我的書在哪?」這樣說也是正確的。
你不會經常說「Peter,把你的筆借我。」在英語中,像這樣直接的表達會聽起來很無禮。通常在英語中,禮貌的問題通常比較長並且包含了一些像「請問你可以……」或者「我可以問你……」之類的語句。「Peter,你可以把你的筆借給我用嗎?」這聽起來將會更加禮貌。有時候,我們甚至需要用一些時間來引導問題或者要求。舉例來說,如果你在街上攔下一個陌生人,在需求別人幫助之前我們通常會先說「對不起打擾一下,我想知道你是否可以幫助我一下。」或者「我很抱歉打擾了你,但是……」。
看起來似乎禮貌地說話比直接說更加困難,並且在一定程度上來說確實如此。然而,為了不觸犯別人,學習說話的禮節與學習說話的語法或者詞彙同樣重要。這樣做還會幫助你的英語或者其他你想說的語言變的更好。
㈦ 九年級英語所有語法
不定代詞(some any,all both,either neither,no none,each every,many much,few little的區別與聯系)
A復合不定代詞 12個
Bsome any的用法
時態
A一般現在、過去、將來時
B現在、過去完成時
C過去、現在、將來進行時
D現在完成進行時
賓語從句(3種)
定語從句(以that為主)
構詞法,主要詞綴(un dis bi ab inter tele re ful tion less ese y ing ed ly able al等)
主要縮寫
形容詞與副詞的比較級,最高級
A特殊變化與一般變化
B用法
動詞的種類
行為、情態、聯系、助動詞
句子的成分
主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語
簡單句5大基本句型(順便掌握及物與不及物動詞的區別)
動詞不定式
A基本結構(to+動詞原型,否定式為not to+動詞原型)
B用法
C疑問詞+不定式
被動語態
A主動與被動的概念
B構成
C情態動詞被動語態
虛擬語氣(以「現在不可能發生」為主)
結構為If+主+V-ed,主+would do。
注意從句裡面be用were
雙賓語
情態動詞
caN could,should,would,would like,might may,have to must,need
特別注意掌握情態動詞表推測
直接引語,間接引語
注意指示代詞、時間與地點詞、動詞轉換的情況
注意不轉換的情況
注意主從一致
狀語從句(特別是IF ,WHEN和UNTIL)
注意主句一般將來時,從句用一般現在表將來。
名詞
A專有名詞與普通名詞
B可數與不可數
C可數名詞單數與復數
D所有格
19.代詞
A人稱代詞
B物主代詞
C指示代詞
20.數詞
A基數詞
B序數詞
21.動詞縮略形式
介詞
A時間介詞
B地點介詞
C其他
冠詞
分詞
A現在與過去分詞
B現在分詞做主語等
C分詞做定語
倒裝
A so+動詞+主語
B部分倒裝
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
特殊
A季節,星期,月份,年份讀法
B報時
C動詞+介詞,動詞+副詞的各種特殊意義
初三英語
(滿分100分 時間70分鍾)
1. 單項選擇(20)
( )1.I think I』m going to the party____bus .
A.on B.by a C.take a D.by
2.If it ----torrow,We----a snowman .
A will snow; will make B snows;make C will snow ;make D snow;will make
3 You must ask him -------the rules
A remember B remembers C to remember D remembering
4.What will happen if you are late for class ?
The teacher won』t me in .
A ask B let C make Dtake
5.---you become famous people will ----you .
A But;look up B And ;look for C If ;look over D If ;look up to
6 If he ----go to college ,he will have to work .
A to B won』t C doesn』t D isn』t
7.What happened ----them ?
A to B with C of D in
8 Mary sings quite well
A So she does B She does so C So does she D Does she do
9 If you do The teacher -----------
A take it away B take away it C will take it away D will take away it
10 She made a living by _____before
A singing B sing C sang D sings
11.Don』t spend any money ____this kind of thing .
A in B with C / D on
12.Doing it well can make my mother _________
A happily B happy C sad Dsadly
13.If it _____tmorrom,I』ll go to the Summer Palace.
A don』t rain Bdaesn』t rain Cdidn』t rain Dwill rain
14.I want to know _________in the party.
Aif you have a good time
B if you had agood time
C that you have a good time
Dwhere you had a good time
15. You will stay healthy _________you do more exercise ,such as running and walking .
Aif B how C before D where
16. I』m going to the schoolparty._________
Aso am I B So I do C models D So do I
17.Don』t _________your jeans to the school party ?
A put on B dress C wearing Dwear
18.If you do,you _______leave.
A will must B will have to C must D have to
19. We often spend 3 hours ________our homework .
A on doing B ding C in D at
20.Today is as _______as yesterday.
A colder B coldest C cold D coldly
二.單詞拼寫(10)
1.I want you to r________ the rules for school parties.
2.If you become a p_______ soccer player ,you』ll become a great soccer playwer.
3.Many a________ will come to china in 2008
4.Many famous people c_______ that they are not happy .
5.I』m going to go the m________ tonight.
三.用詞的適當形式填空(10)
1.Jack is as ________(luck) as I .
2. You can make a ________(live) by selling newspapers.
3. Some of them don』t want _________(travel).
4. Be careful ,or you』ll be hurt __________(bad).
5. What made you __________(happy)
6. If he ________(call) me tomorrow,I _______(go ) with him .
7. Why not ______{have} a party?
8. If you work hard ,you』ll become a great soccer _________(play).
9, He has made _________(thousand) of money.
10.He has two ________(hundred) books.
三.完形填空(10)
1.Mr and Mrs Jones don』t often go out ____1__,but last Saturday ,Mrs Jones _2__to her husband ,」There is a good ____3_____tonight .Can we go and see it ?』』
Mr Jones was quite ___4 ______about it ,so they went and both of them liked the film very much .
They came out of __5__at 11o』clock ,got into their ___6__and began to drive home .It was quite dark ,then Mrs Jones said to Mr Jones ,』』Look,A woman is running along the road very ___7__,and a man is running after her .Can you see them ?』』
Mr Jones said ,』』Yes ,I can .』』He drove the car slowly near the woman and said to her ,』』Can we ___8_____you ?』』
「No ,thank you ,」the woman said ,but she did not stop ___9___,」My husband and I always run home after the film ,and the _____10 one does the cleaning at home .」
( )1.A in the moring B in the evening C in the afternoon D at noon
( )2.A told B talked C spoke D said
( )3 Afilm B match C meeting D message
( )4 A angry B afraid C worried D happy
( )5 A the film B TV C the cinemas D the shop
( )6.A seats B chairs C car D train
( )7.A fast B slowly C late D. long
( )8A leave B notice C help D love
( )9A to run B running C runs D ran
( ) 10 A last B angry C happy D great
四.短文填空(10)
China is located(位於in Asia .It has the largest population (人口) in the world .
Qomolangma is the hightest m__1_in the world .Shanghai is the largest city in China ,and Beijing is the c___2 of China .The Great wall was used by the ancient Chinese to k___3 invaders (入侵者)out of China .p____4, the black and white animal is native(本土的)only to China .
In China the year 2000 is c____5 the year of Dragon .
Antelopes (羚羊)are fast running ,horned (有角的)animals .They b___6 to the goat family but look like deer .
T____7 is a favorite drink in China .Chopticks(筷子)are used by Chinese people to e____8 food .
Umbrella ,the Chinese invention (發明),keep us d__9__in the rain .
The Chinese invented paper to w_____10 on .
Fireworks (焰火)is also a Chinese invention .We use it in the big festivals .
1_______2________3_______4_________5_______6___________7________
8___________9___________10______________
五.閱讀理解(10)
It was Mother』s Day ,but the young mother was a little unhappy ,because she was 800 miles away from her parents .In the moring she phoned her mother to wish her a happy Mother』s Day ,and her mother told her about the beautiful lilacs(丁香)in the garden .
Later that day ,when she told her husband about the lillacs,he said ,』』I know where we can find all that you want .Get the Children and come on .So they went on driving down the country roads.
There on a small hill, they saw a lot of beautiful purple lilacs.The young woman ran quickly to enjoy the flowers .Carefully , she picked a few here and a few there .On their way home there was a smile on her face .When they were passing a nursing home ,the young woman saw an old granny sitting in a chair .She had no children with her .they stopped the car and the young woman walked to the old woman and put the flowers in her hands ,and smiled at her .The old granny thanked her again and again ,She smiled happily ,too.
When the young mother came back to her car ,her children asked her,」Who is that old granny ?Why did you give our flowers to her ?」
「I don't know her ,」their mother said .」But it』s Mother』s Day ,and she has no children ,I have all of you ,and I still have my mother .Just think how much those flowers meant to her .」(
( )1.The young woman was a little unhappy on Mother』s Day because _______
A she didn't have a present
B she was a long way away from her mother
C she didn』t know it was Mother』s Day
D she want to see her father
( )2 There were many beautiful purple lilacs ____________
A in her garde B in the market C in her mother』s garden D in the nursing home
( )3 The young woman had ________
A one child B no child C more than one child D a boy and a girl
( ) 4 The young woman gave the flowers to the old granny because _______
A The old granny was her mother
B She didn't know the old granny was her mother
C her mother asked her to do so
D she wanted the old granny to be happy ,too
( )5 Which of the following is NOT true ?
A The young woman was kind
B The young woman was understanding
C The young woman was friendly
D The young woman was surprise
六 漢譯英(20)
1如果你去參加聚會的話,你會玩的很高興的。
——you _____ ______the party ,you _____ ________ ______ _____ _______
2我想我明天要呆在家裡
I think I ____ _____ ______ ______ at home tomorrow
3你必須提醒他學校的規定
You must _____ him ______the school rules
4如果你在聚會時大喊或亂跑的話,你就得離開
If you ____ ______ ______ at the party ,_____ _____ ______leave
5露西擅長英語,我也是
Lucy ____ good _____ English .
______ _______ _________
6你想環游世界嗎?
_______ you want ____ ____ _____ the world
7他們不喜歡離開家人
They don't like to ____ ______ away from _____ ______
8你可以通過做你喜愛的事來謀生
You can ____ _____ _____ ______ doing something that you _____
9我將可以幫助人
I ____ _____ _____ ______help people
10我今晚打算去看電影
I ____ ______ ______ go to the _____
七書面表達(10)
假設你變成了一位非 有 錢 的人,你會怎麼想?你會怎麼做?有何感受?請寫一篇70---80詞的短文
1.詞彙A.單詞四會:lose(lost),past,corner,or,travel,lie(lay),library,medicine,hurry三會:accident,motor,motorbike,suddenly,land,gatekeeper,crowd,whileB.片語/句型…,urtstopthetrafficcarrysb/sthto…It『sreallyniceofyou.crowdround…,…』snothing./sthto…gethelpfrom…calltodosth
D其他(如7大洲,4大洋,撲克花色,電影.音樂的類型,國家與首都等)
㈧ 九年級11課英語課文翻譯
Xbox live you can come over the weekend. 。
很高興第一時間為你解答,敬請採納。
如果對本題還有什麼疑問,請追問
㈨ 九年級英語基本語法知識
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
By是個很常用的介詞(有時也用作副詞),在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種: 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如: Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如: Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如: The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激,於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如: One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如:What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用,說明接觸身體的某一部分。如: I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中,表示行為主體,常譯作「被」、「由」等。如: English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。(即「許多人講英語。」) 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」,常做插入語。如: By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下,李平在哪兒。你知道嗎? 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如: I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如: But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後,越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing,相當於名詞,在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1)★作主語(這種用法常考)
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2)作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎?3)作表語Babysister』s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服,作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法:(1)肯定句:used這個詞沒有人稱的變化,to後面接動詞原形。 否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒?
(2)含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語,而用didn』t + 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙,是嗎?Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
(3)used to 表示過去的習慣動作, 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
(4)used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用,描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員,但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short. 馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing. 愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法 英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態,人稱和數的變化,其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化:
Unit4
虛擬語氣:如果我們所說的不是事實,也不是要求、命令、勸告等,而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意:條件句分兩種,真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬(非真實)條件句中,才用虛擬語氣,而在真實條件句中,要用陳述語氣。
請比較:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好,我們將會去公園。在這句話中,明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的,並非虛擬、幻想,因此是真實條件句。在本句中,適用「主將從現。」
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
(如果我是你的話,我立刻就走。)在這句話中,條件句,「如果我是你」,但事實上,我不可能成為你,這只是假設的情況,沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小,甚至可以說沒有時,就需要用虛擬語氣來表示,動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時,從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」,引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時,be動詞只能用were,而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦?」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 :get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時,有如下要點:
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用,又在從句中充當一個成分,因此, 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能,如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時,關系代詞可用who(做主語,賓語),that(做主語,賓語),whom(作賓語),whose(作定語)
3 當先行詞指物時,關系代詞可用that(做主語,賓語),which(做主語,賓語)
4 再定語從句中,作賓語的關系代詞長可省略,但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時,介詞後只用whom,指物時,介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中,指人時,只用who,指物時,只用which。Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種:
1.動詞+副詞 如:give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞,如果其賓語是代詞,就必須放在動詞和副詞之間,如果是名詞,則既可插在動詞和副詞之間,也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如:listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞,後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如:take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如:
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
Unit 9 When was it invented ?
被動語態
被動語態基本用法:當句子的主語是動作的執行者時,謂語的形式是主動語態。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時,謂語要用被動語態。被動語態由助動詞be+過去分詞構成,時態通過be表現出來。
被動語態基本結構:be+及物動詞的過去分詞 (如果是不用物動詞,其過去分詞應帶有相應的介詞)
各種時態的被動語態構成
一般現在時:S(主語)+am/is /are +P.P(動詞的過去分詞)
一般過去時:S+was/were +P.P.
情態動詞:S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.
一般將來時:S+ will+be+ P.P.
現在進行時:S+am/is /are+being +P.P
現在完成時:S+ have/has + been+ P.P.
過去進行時:S+ was/were+being+ P.P.
被動語態基本結構:be+及物動詞的過去分詞
(如果是不用物動詞,其過去分詞應帶有相應的介詞)
被動語態中的be 是助動詞,有人稱、數和時態的變化。
被動語態中動作的發出者或執行者做介詞by的賓語,放在句末,by 表示「由,被」的意思
漢語中含有「據說」、「據悉」、「有人說」、「大家說」等時。例如:
It is believed that …… 人們認為 …… It is said that …… 據說 ……
It is thought that …… 人們認為 …… It is known that …… 眾所周知 ……
It is reported that ……據報道 …… It is proved that ……據證明 ……
It is announced that ……據宣布 …… It is suggested that ……據建議 ……
It is requested that ……據要求 …… It is demanded that ……據要求 ……
典型例題
1、 These eggs ______ in the Gobi Desert by a group of scientists.
A. are founded B. were founded C. found D. were found
此題應該選用D項。從「 These eggs… 」中可知前面的主語是「find」動詞的承受者,而 「…by a group of scientists.」更加證明了這一點,「 were founded」意思為「被成立」,故應該選用「were found」。
2、 I _____ a present by my father on my birthday every year.
A. give B. was given C. will be given D. am given
此題應該選用D項。從「by my father 」中可知前面的主語是「give」動詞的承受者,而 「… . every year」證明了要用現在時態的被動語態結構,故應該選用「am given」。
3、 He was _________ in the open air just now .
A. hearing singing B. heard sing C. heard to sing D. hearing sing
此題應該選用C項。從「He was… 」中可知前面的主語是「hear 」動詞的承受者,而 動詞不定式當中的「hear sb do sth」在被動語態中要加「to 」,故應該選用「heard to sing」。
4、 Several man-made satellites ________ by China in the last few years.
A. have been sent up B. have sent up C. are sent up D. were sent up
此題應該選用A項。從「…by China in the last few years. 」中可知前面的主語是「 send up」動詞的承受者,而 「in the last few years.」意思為「在過去的幾年中」,應該用完成時態, 而不是過去時態,故應該選用「have been sent up」。
5、 Another new road ______in our home town next year.
A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. has been built
此題應該選用C項。從「…next year. 」中可知是將來時態,而前面的主語是「 Another new road」是「 build」動詞的承受者,故應該選用「 will be built」。
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left
1. 過去完成時
(1) 構成:由助動詞had + 過去分詞 構成
否定式:had not + 過去分詞 縮寫形式:hadn』t
(2) 用法
過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了
的動作。
(3) 它所表示的時間是「過去的過去」。
①表示過去某一時間可用by, before 等構成的短語來表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句來表示
③還可以通過賓語從句或通過上下文暗示。
When I got there, you had already eaten you meal.
當我到達那裡時,你已經開始吃了。
By the time he got here, the bus had left.
到他到達這里時,汽車已經離開了
典型題例
1、He said he had never seen that film before. Instead,he_____many novels.
A. has read B. had readed C. had wrote D. had read
此題應該選用D項。從「He said he had never seen that film before 」中
可知是過去完成時態,而從「 Instead,」中可以知道與前面的賓語從句是並列的內容,故應該選用「had read」。
2、The train ______ for a while when they got to the station.
A. had left B. had been away C. had gone D. has been away
此題應該選用B項。從「for a while 」中可知要用完成時態的持續性動
詞連接,而從「when they got to the station. 」中可以知道過去時間點以前的事情,應該用故應該選用「had been away 」。
3、A week later, I received a book that I _____ on line.
A. has ordered B. had ordered C. would order D. was ordering
此題應該選用B項。從「I received a book 」中可知與動詞「order 」的
前後關系,應該是在「收到書以前已經預訂了」,故應該用「order」的過去完成時態結構表示「過去的過去」這一概念。故應該選用「had ordered」。
4、The boy told his mother that he ____ ill since he came back from the school.
A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was
此題應該選用C項。從「 …since he came back from the school.」中可知前面的主句是完成時態,但是從「The boy told his mother 」結構中可以知道應該用相應的過去時態,,故應該選用「had been」。
5、When we got to the field, the football match ____ already ______.
A. has started B. had started C. will begin D. is going to start
此題應該選用B項。從「already 」中可知是完成時態,但是從「 When we got to the field」結構中可以知道應該用相應的過去時態,故應該選用「had started 」。
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?
1、賓語從句
A.賓語從句:賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語,引導賓語從句的關聯詞有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。
1、連接詞
1)由連接詞that引導陳述句,在口語中that常省略。
eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster.
2)由連接詞whether/if引導一般疑問句,whether和if 常可互換,但下列場合一般用whether.
①介詞後的賓語從句:I'm thinking of whether he'll come.
②與or not連用:I don't know whether I should go or not.
3)由連接代詞what, who(whom,whose)which或連接副詞when, where, why,how引導特殊疑問句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for?
2、語序:
不管賓語從句是陳述句、一般疑問句或特殊疑問句,都要用陳述句語序,也就是說主謂次序不能顛倒。連接詞+主謂結構
(1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I don't know what's the matter with Bob?
(3).I don't know what's wrong with them?
3、時態:
一般說來,主從句時態要統一。如果主句是一般現在時,從句可根據需要用其它任何時態;如果主句是一般過去時,從句應該用相應的過去時態范疇(也就是用一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時)。
eg.①Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. ②I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. ③Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
如果從句表明的是一個客觀事實或真理,那麼無論主句是什麼時態,從句都只能用一般現在時。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.
注意:在think後的賓語從句,如果需要表示否定意義,一般不在賓語從句中否定,而是在主句中否定。 eg. I don』t think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 誤)
Could you tell me how to get to the park?
請你告訴我怎麼才能去郵局好嗎?中的how to get to the park
是疑問詞與動詞不定式連用,用作賓語,但不是賓語從句,可是
相當於how I can get to the park(賓語從句)如:
I don』t know how to solve the problem. ==
I don』t know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解決這個問題
Can you tell me when to leave? ==
Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告訴我什麼時候離開?
Unit12 You are supposed to shake hands.
should have asked」是「情態動詞+現在完成時」表示過去本應該做某事,事實上沒有做
I find it difficult to remember everything.
形式賓語 真正賓語
常見的形式賓語有:
find / think + it/them +形容詞 to do sth. 如:
I think it hard to study English.
Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad.
make sb./sth. + adj. 使某人(感到),使……處於某種狀態
(make的賓語之後可跟名詞,形容詞,分詞來充當賓語的補足語)
make sb. / sth. + do …使某人做某事(不能帶不定式符號to)
make it 習慣用語,及時趕到,到達目的地
make of /from./out of
★Make of 原材料製成成品後,原材料未經任何化學變化,仍保持原有性質. 例如: The chair is made of wood. At first people believed that air was made of only one gas.★Make from 當原材料製成成品後,經過了化學變化,失去了原有性質.
make up of 常用於被動結構:be made up of相當於consist of(由…組成) make up from 由…所製造
Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
現在完成時是由「助動詞have(has)+動詞過去分詞」構成。
用法: 1.表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果,常與一些時間狀語,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等連用,也可以和包括現在在內的時間狀語,如these days, today, this year, so far等連用.eg.I have already posted the letter. (信已經不在我這兒了)
★注意:在這里要注意already和yet的辨析:
★①already通常用於肯定句。 I have already told him.我已經告訴他了. I have already put it in my suitcase. 我已經把它放進我的手提箱了.
★②yet常用於疑問句和否定句。 ----Have you watered the tree yet? 你澆樹了嗎? ----Yes,I have already watered it. 我澆了. ----Have you fed the dog? 你喂過狗了嗎? ----No. I haven』t fed it yet.沒有,我沒喂. 2.表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,一直持續到現在,也許還將繼續下去,可以和表示從過去某一時刻延續到現在的一段時間的狀語連用,即for +時間段,since+時間點/從句, in the last ten years等,謂語只可用延續性動詞.
解析: 1.英語動詞根據詞義可分為兩種,一種是延續性的,一種是終止性的,終止性動詞(也可稱為非延續性動詞,瞬間動詞,或點動詞),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示動作的發生與結束於一瞬間完成,不能再延續,所以它的現在完成時不能和表示延續的時間狀語連用,即不能與表示一段時間的狀語,for+時間段, since+時間點/從句連用,也不能用在how long引導的特殊疑問句中.
eg. I've left Shanghai for three days.(×) I've been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ).
I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ ) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( √ )
2.初中英語課本中常見終止性動詞有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become等.終止性動詞要表示持續時, 可用以下方法:
⑴.將時間狀語改為時間段 + ago,句中謂語動詞用一般過去時.
eg.我弟弟參軍兩年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.
⑵.若保留for+時間段,since+時間點/從句, 或用在 how long 句型中,則需將終止性動詞改為相應的狀態動詞或延續性動詞
★常見終止性動詞與延續性動詞(或狀態動詞)的對應關系如下:
come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at open-----be open
die------be dead close----be closed become---be borrow---keep begin/start-----be on put on----wear leave-----be away (from)
buy-----have fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over
catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army be a soldier
join the Party----be in the Party be a Party member
→My brother has been in the army for two years. →My brother has been a soldier for two years.
3.現在完成時中been to, gone to和been in/at been to去過某地,表示某人的一種經歷,可以和once, twice, already, ever, never等連用.
4.現在完成時中的 for 與 since
for + 時間段 與延續性動詞的現在完成時連用 since + 時間點/從句
I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. 5. It is /has been +一段時間 + since 從句.自從某事發生已有一段時間了. eg. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 注意:1.since 引導的從句中動詞用過去時
2.when 引導 的特殊問句不與現在完成時連用.
3.have got,has got 雖然是現在完成時,但have got=have has got==has
㈩ 九年級英語第十一單元SectionA3a翻譯
他們都在逛商抄場
放學後,許多年輕襲人都會去商場。我們決定去問一些學生,問問他們為什麼去那裡。
記者:為什麼你們回去商場呢?
於越:我去那裡是因為我的朋友在那裡逛,但是我不喜歡。
記者:哦?為什麼不喜歡呢?
於越:那裡的空氣不新鮮。我更喜歡呆在外面。當然裡面也非常擁擠。
記者:那麼你呢?
李俊:哦,我喜歡商場。那裡總有一些事情發生。那裡有很多免費演唱會聽。即使是在那 里看看來往的人群也很有意思。
胡鵬:我也喜歡商場。我喜歡在CD店裡聽CD。我也喜歡在書店看書。
於越:好吧,但是當我們去商場時,總會花很多錢!