① 高一英語情態動詞
情態動詞的定義:
情態動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說話人的情緒,態度或語氣的動詞,但不能單獨作謂語, 只能和其他動詞原形構成謂語。
We can be there on time tomorrow.
我們明天能按時去那兒。
May I have your name?
我能知道你的名字嗎?
Shall we begin now?
我們現在就開始嗎?
You must obey the school rules.
你必須遵守校規。
情態動詞數量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) .
情態動詞的位置:
情態動詞在句中放在謂語動詞之前, 謂語動詞前若有助動詞,則在助動詞之前,疑問句中, 情態動詞則在主語之前。
I can see you. Come here.
我能看見你,過來吧。
He must have been away.
他一定走了。
What can I do for you?
你要什麼?
How dare you treat us like that!
你怎能那樣對待我們!
情態動詞的特點:
情態動詞無人稱和數的變化, 情態動詞後面跟的動詞需用原形,否定式構成是在情態動詞後面加 "not"。 個別情態動詞有現在式和過去式兩種形式, 過去式用來表達更加客氣, 委婉的語氣, 時態性不強, 可用於過去,現在或將來。
He could be here soon.
他很快就來。
We can't carry the heavy box.
我們搬不動那箱子。
I'm sorry I can't help you.
對不起,我幫不上你。
情態動詞的用法:
can (could) 表示說話人能,可以,同意,准許,以及
客觀條件許可,could 為 can 的過去式。
Can you pass me the books?
你能給我遞一下書嗎 ?
Could you help me, please?
請問,你能幫助我嗎?
What can you do?
你能幹點什麼呢?
Can you be sure?
你有把握嗎?
can 和could 只能用於現在式和過去式兩種時態,將來時態用 be able to 來表示。
He could help us at all.
他完全可以幫助我們。
With the teacher's help,I shall be able to speak English correctly.
由於老師的幫助,我將能准確地講英語。
may (might) 可以, 表示說話人同意,許可或請求對方許可。
You may take the book home.
你可以把書帶回家去.
May I come in?
我可以進來嗎?
May I use your dictionary?
我可以用你的詞典嗎?
You may put on more clothes.
你可以多穿點衣服.
He said he might lend us some money.
他說他可以借給我們一些錢。
may 否定式為 may not, 縮寫形式是 mayn't.
might 是may 的過去式, 有兩種用法, 一種表示過去式,一種表示虛擬語氣, 使語氣更加委婉, 客氣或對可能性的懷疑。
He told me he might be here on time.
他說他能按時間來。
Might I borrow some money now.
我可以借點錢嗎?
He might be alive.
他可能還活著。
Must 必須,應該,一定,準是, 表示說話人認為有必要做某事, 命令, 要求別人做某事以及對事物的推測。
must 用來指一般現在時和一般將來時, 過去式可用 have to 的過去式代替。
I must finish my work today.
我今天必須完成我的工作。
You mustn't work all the time.
你不能老是工作。
Must I return the book tomorrow?
我必須明天還書嗎?
After such a long walk, you must be tired.
走了這么長的路,你一定困了。
He must be the man I am looking for.
他一定是我要找的人。
He had to go because of somebody's calling
him that day.
那天他要走是因為有人叫他。
must + have + 過去分詞,表示現在對過去事物的推測。
He must have told my parents about it.
他一定把這件事情告訴我父母親了。
He must have received my letter now.
他現在一定收到我的信了。
It's six o'clock already, we must have been late again.
已經六點鍾了,我們一定又遲到了。
must 和 have to 的區別: must 表示說話人的主觀思想, have to 表示客觀需要。
You must do it now.
你必需現在就干。(說話人認為必須現在干)
I have to go now.
我得走了。(客觀條件必須現在走)
need 需要 多用在否定式或疑問句中.
Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?
我需要明天參加會議嗎?
You need not hand in the paper this week.
這一周你不必交論文。
need 是一個情態動詞, 他的用法完全和其他情態動詞一樣, 但 need 還可當作實義動詞使用, 這時 need 就象其他動詞一樣,有第三人稱,單復數, 後面加帶 to 的動詞等特性。
I need a bike to go to school.
我上學需要一輛自行車。
Do you need a dictionary?
你需要詞典嗎?
She needs a necklace.
她需要一條項鏈。
needn't + have + 過去分詞 表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。
You needn't have taken it seriously.
這件事情你不必太認真。
dare 敢 多用在否定或疑問句中。
The little girl dare not speak in public.
小女孩不敢在公眾面前說話。
Dare you catch the little cat?
你敢抓小貓嗎?
dare 除用作情態動詞外,更多的是當實義動詞使用, 用法同實義動詞一樣,要考慮人稱,單復數,時態等。
Do you dare to walk in the dark?
你敢黑夜走路嗎?
He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.
他不敢告訴老師那天發生的事。
ought 應當,應該 後面跟帶有 to 的動詞不定式。
You ought to read these books if you want to know how to repair the motorcar.
如果你想知道如何修理汽車,你應該讀這些書。
You ought to bring the child here.
你應該把孩子帶來。
ought + to have done 句型。指過去動作,表示一件事情該做而未做。
You ought to have been here yesterday.
你昨天就應該來。
ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。
You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room.
你不應該把書帶出閱覽室。
will (would)決心,願望。 would 為 will 的過去式,
可用於各人稱。
I'll do my best to catch up with them.
我要盡全力趕上他們。
I'll never do it again, that's the last time.
我再不會做那件事情了,這是最後一次。
He said he would help me.
他說他會幫助我。
will, would用於疑問句表示說話人向對方提出請求或詢問,用 would 比 will 更婉轉,客氣。
It's hot. Will you open the windows?
天氣太熱了,你能打開窗戶嗎?
Will you help me to work it out?
你能幫我解這道題嗎?
Would you like some coffee?
給你來點咖啡怎樣?
Shall, should表示命令,警告,允諾,徵求,勸告,建議驚奇。
You should hand in the exercise book.
你應該交作業本兒了。
This should be no problem.
這應該沒問題。
Shall we go now.
我們現在可以走了嗎?
Why should I meet him?
為什麼我要見他?
have to,不得不,必須,表示客觀條件只能如此, 而must 則表示主觀思想必須。
I have to go now.
我現在得走了。
I have to cook for my child.
我得給孩子做飯。
You must be here on time next time.
你下次一定要按時來。
We must go to get the timetable ourselves.
我們一定要自己去拿時刻表。
② 高一英語,情態動詞
1.would沒有出乎意料的意思 而這道題主要想考察的就是should這一單詞關於這一意思的用法
2.would表示過回去反復有一定頻率答的動作
used to be 表示狀態 這個句子中有be would不能與be連用 be是表狀態的 所以這道題選would應該有語法上的錯誤
3.我有一個問題和你的類似 :-How is your tour around the North Lake?Is it beautiful?-It ____be ,but it is now heavily polluted
A will B would C should D must
這個題選C 我選的卻是B 我問老師為什麼不能用would表示它過去很漂亮哪?老師說因為後面有be
(PS:我不確定第三個例子舉的是否恰當,打完後又感覺我的問題與你的有一些本質上的區別 但是我老師真的是這么說的 如果日後你發現我有錯的地方 請見諒 但是我還是有些小自信的)
③ 高一英語情態動詞
D
could 表能力,能夠做
我昨天見了醫生,在他能(有空)見我之前,我等了半個小時。
may/might 多表推測
can/could既可表推測又可表能力
could可認為是can的過去式
④ 高一英語題 情態動詞
事故已經發生,說明不是虛擬,而是真實情況,不能用B
⑤ 高一的英語情態動詞的用法
情態動詞用法歸納
情態動詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情態動詞無人稱和數的變化;不能單獨使用,必須與其後的動詞原形構成謂語
一、 can, could
1) 表示能力(體力、知識、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box?(體力)
Mary can speak three languages.(知識)
Can you skate?(技能)
此時可用be able to代替。Can只有一般現在時和一般過去式;而be able to則有更多的時態。
I』ll not be able to come this afternoon.
當表示「經過努力才得以做成功某事」時應用be able to,不能用Can。如:
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示請求和允許。
-----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can』t.
此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,
might代替,不是過去式,只是語氣更委婉,不能用於肯定句和答語中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I』m afraid not. )
3) 表示客觀可能性(客觀原因形成的能力)。
They』ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態度),用於疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。
Can this be true?
This can』t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、 may, might
1) 表示請求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時可用can』t
或mustn』t,表示「不可以,禁止」。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn』t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can』t / mustn』t. )
用May I...?征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣,而用Can I...?在口語中更常見。
2)用於祈使句,表示祝願。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推測、可能性(不用於疑問句)。
might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.He may /might be very busy now.
2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、 must, have to
1) 表示必須、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的問句時,如果是否定的,不能用mustn』t(禁止,不準),而用needn』t, don』t have to(不必).
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don』t have to / you needn』t.
2) must是說話人的主觀看法, 而have to則強調客觀需要。Must只有一般現在時, have to 有更多的時態形式。
1. he play isn』t interesting, I really must go now.
2. I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推測、可能性(只用於肯定的陳述句)
1. You』re Tom』s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、 dare, need
1) dare作情態動詞用時, 常用於疑問句、否定句和條件從句中, 過去式形式為dared。
1. How dare you say I』m unfair?
2. He daren』t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3. If we dared not go there that day, we couldn』t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情態動詞用時, 常用於疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1.You needn』t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn』t.
3) dare和 need作實義動詞用時, 有人稱、時態和數的變化。在肯定句中,dare後面常接帶to的不定式。在疑問句和否定句中,dare後面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。而need後面只能接帶to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn』t dare (to) answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.
五、 shall, should
1) shall 用於第一人稱,徵求對方的意見。
What shall we do this evening?
2) shall 用於第二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。
1. You shall fail if you don』t work hard.(警告)
2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾)
3. He shall be punished.(威脅)
六、 will, would
1) 表示請求、建議等,would更委婉。
Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
2) 表示意志、願望和決心。
1. I will never do that again.
2. They asked him if he would go abroad.
3) would表示過去反復發生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習慣時比used to正式,且沒有「現已無此習慣」的含義。
1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
2. The wound would not heal.
4) 表示估計和猜想。
It would be about ten o』clock when she left home.
七、 should, ought to
1) should, ought to表示「應該」,ought to表示義務或責任,比should語氣重。
1. I should help her because she is in trouble.
2. You ought to take care of the baby.
2) 表示勸告、建議和命令。should, ought to可通用,但在疑問句中常用should。
1. You should / ought to go to class right away.
2. Should I open the window?
3) 表示推測
should , ought to (客觀推測), must(主觀推測)。
1.He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家)
2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)
3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)
4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)
⑥ 高中英語語法:情態動詞
情態動詞有四類:
①只做情態動詞:must,can(could),may(might)……
②可做情態內動詞又可做實義動詞:容need,dare
③具有情態動詞特徵:have(had,has)
to,used
to
④情態動詞表猜測
⑦ 高一英語語法題 包括情態動詞 被動語態 等
嚴格說,will和can,may,must等情態動詞同屬助動詞,但不是一類,而且問題中給出的例句也不是被版動語態。權
情態動詞本身沒有被動語態,can/might/should...be
done也只是done代表的動詞被動,與情態動詞無關。
⑧ 高一英語 情態動詞
F (ought to 的反意疑問句形式是oughtn't或shouldn't ,不需要to)
T
F (此句有虛擬語氣,「要不是下雨,他們版應該到了「權。所以,ought to arrive 改為should have arrived)
F (have to 的否定式是 don't have to,不能在have後面加not)
T
F (mustn't have told 改為 shouldn't have told)
如不明白,請追問。