Ⅰ 初二英語語法練習題
主句是一般將來時的時候，when、if、after等引導的時間/條件狀語從句用一般現在時表將來
Ⅱ 英語初二上學期語法
新目標八年級上冊英語語法知識點精講+練習
（一）一般將來時
一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或者存在的狀態。通常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tomorrow, theday after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do （動詞原形）結構：表示打算、准備做的事情或者肯定要發生的事情。如：It is goingto rain.
will do 結構表示將來的用法：
1. 表示預見
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意圖
I will borrow a book from our schoollibrary tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本構成如下：
一般疑問句構成：
（1）will+主語+do…? Will Sarahcome to visit me next Sunday?
（2）there be 結構的一般疑問句：Will there +be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won』t
否定句構成：will + not （won』t）+do
Sarah won』t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑問句構成：
特殊疑問詞＋will＋主語＋…？What willSarah do next Sunday?
★★練一練★★
根據例句，用will改寫下列各句
例：I don』t feel well today.（be better tomorrow）
I』ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot ofhomework tonight）
_____________________________
2. I』m tired now. （sleep later）
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）
_____________________________
4. We can』t leave right now. （leave alittle later）
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. （be bettertomorrow）
_____________________________
答案：1. She』llhave a lot of homework tonight.
2. I』ll sleep later.
3. They』ll buy one soon.
4. We』ll leave a little later.
5. Maybe it』ll be better tomorrow.
（二）should的用法：
should用來提出建議和忠告，後邊加動詞原形，否定句直接在should後邊加not.
例如：I think you should eatless junk food.
我認為你應該少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So Ithink she should walk a lot.
她經常開車，很少走路。所以我認為她應該多走路。
Students shouldn』t spend too much timeplaying computer games.
學生們不應當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲。
學習向別人提建議的幾種句式：
（1）I think youshould…
（2）Well, youcould…
（3）Maybe youshould …
（4）Why don』t you…?
（5）What aboutdoing sth.?
（6）You』d betterdo sth.
★★練一練★★
用should或shouldn』t填空
1. I can』t sleep the night before exams.
You ______ take a warm shower before you goto bed.
2. Good friends ______ argue each other.
3. There is little milk in the glass. We_______ buy some.
4. They didn』t invite you? Maybe you ______be friendlier.
5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I_______ do exercises every day.
答案：1. should 2. shouldn』t 3. should 4. should 5. should
（三）過去進行時
過去進行時表示過去某一點時間正在進行的動作或者過去某一段時間內一直進行的動作。
1. 構成
was /were + doing，例如：
I was watching TV at 9 o』clock last night.
at 9 o』clock last night是時間點
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon是時間段
2. 過去進行時的標志詞
at 8 o』clock last night, this timeyesterday等。例如：
I was having lunch at home this timeyesterday.
昨天的這個時候我正在吃午飯。
At that time she was writing a book.
那陣子她在寫一本書。（表示她在那段時間里一直在做那件事情。）
★★練一練★★
用括弧中所給動詞的適當形式填空。
1. This time yesterday I ____ ______（read）books.
2. At 9 o』clock last Sunday they ____________（have）a party.
3. When I _____（come）into theclassroom, she ________ ______（read）a storybook.
4. She _____ ______（play）computer
games while her mother ____ ______（cook）yesterday
afternoon.
5. I _____ ______（have）a shower whenyou _______（call）me yesterday.
答案：1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading
4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called
（四）間接引語
形成步驟：
（1）不要逗號，冒號，引號
（2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語是一致的）
（3）要考慮時態的變化
（4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和語示代詞的變化。
1. 直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態的變化規律
直接引語間接引語一般現在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時現在進行時過去進行時
2. 直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞彙的變化規律
直接引語 1. am / is 2. are 3. have / has4. will5. can6. may間接引語1. was2. were 3. had4. would5. could6. might
★★練一練★★
用括弧中所給動詞的適當形式填空。
1. She said I _____（be）hard-working.
2. Peter told me he _____（be）boredyesterday.
3. She said she _____（go）swimming lastSunday.
4. Bobby said he _____（may）call melater.
5. Antonio told me he _____（read）a book then.
答案：1. was 2. was 3.went 4. might 5. was reading
請轉述他人說的話：
1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom）
2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy）
3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike）
4. I』m having a surprise party for Lana. （she）
（五）if引導的條件狀語從句
結構：if＋一般現在時，主語＋將來時
含義：如果……，將要……
例如：If you askhim, he will help you.
如果你請求他，他會幫助你。
If need be, we』ll work all night.
如果需要，我們就干個通宵。
★★練一練★★
根據中文提示，完成句子。
1. 如果你參加聚會，你將會過得很開心。
If you ________ the party, you __________.
2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。
If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.
3. 如果你經常聽英文歌，你將會喜歡英語的。
If you often ________, you_________________.
答案：
1. If you go to the party, you will have agood time
2. If it rains tomorrow, we won』t go to thepicnic
3. If you often listen to English songs,you』ll like English
二. 完形填空特點及解題思路
（一）題型分類與特點
完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個詞，留下一些空格，要求考生藉助短文保留的部分，從所給的短文整體出發，在正確理解短文意思的基礎上，根據句子和句子間的內在聯系、詞的用法和習慣搭配等，用適當的詞或詞語填空，使補全後的短文意思通順、前後連貫、結構完整。這種題型測試的內容從形式上看是單詞或短語的填空，但它必須注意到短文中上、下文意思連貫、詞語搭配和語法結構正確，所以在空格上所填的詞必須符合語義適用和語法正確兩條原則，只考慮某一側面都可能導致錯誤。中考中完形填空試題的基本題型分兩類：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。
1. 完形填空選擇題：該題型的特點是將一篇短文中若干詞語抽掉留下空格，對每一空格提供若干個選擇項，要求考生通讀短文後，在理解短文意思的基礎上，運用所學的詞彙、句型、語法等語言知識，從所提供的備選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文內容完整正確。中考完形填空主要以這種題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語教材難易程度相當，字數在150－200個單詞之內，多數設置10個左右空格，所設考點涉及詞彙、語法及對短文內容的理解。短文的第一句一般不設空，以期提供一個語境，對每一空格設置的選項基本都屬於相同或對等的詞類，給判定選擇帶來一定的干擾，側重考查了考生准確運用詞彙的能力及對短文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。
2. 選詞填空題：該題型的特點是把抽出的詞打亂順序，不按原文順序排列，放在短文前面或後面的方框內，有時還增加幾個文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適當的詞以正確的形式填入短文空格內。
（A）
Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase （短語）「have a day
off」. He 2 , then he had an idea. 「Grandmother
is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? 」he asked the teacher. 「Of course,
you can. 」replied （答復）the teacher at once.
After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher』s door. 「May I have a
day off 5 ? 」The teacher was very
surprised, 「Didn』t you 6 it just now? 」「Yes, sir. But I can』t be
here 7 , either. 」The teacher understood
him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, 「Why didn』t
you say『May I have two days off? 』」The boy answered quickly
9 a loud voice. 「But you only 10 us『have a day off! 』」
（ ）1. A. but B. and C. or D.for
（ ）2. A. thought hardly
B. thought hard and hard
C. hard thought
D. thought and thought
（ ）3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D.Mr
（ ）4. A. strike B. best C. hit D.knock
（ ）5. A. also B. again C. too D.once
（ ）6. A. speak B. tell C. say D.do
（ ）7. A. tomorrow
B. the day after tomorrow
C. yesterday
D. the day before yesterday
（ ）8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D.laughing
（ ）9. A. with B. on C. in D.by
（ ）10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D.were teaching
（B）
請根據內容從所給的15個單詞中選出最恰當的10個填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據需要作適當的詞形變化。
than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love,composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what
A generation gap （代溝）has become a
serious problem. I read a _______（1）about it in
the newspaper. Some children have killed _______（2）after
quarrels （爭吵）with parents. I think this is _______（3）they don』t
have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _______（4）time in the
office. _______（5）they don』t have much
time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _______（6）they don』t
have the same topics（話題）to talk about. I want to _______（7）parents to be
more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children,
show your feeling _______（8）your parents.
They are the people who _______（9）you. So tell
them your thoughts （想法）. In this way, you can have a better _______（10）of each
other.
完形填空選擇題的一般解題思路是：
1. 跳過空格、通讀全文、把握大意。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎上才開始判定選擇，切忌倉促下筆。
2. 結合選項、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎上，再結合所給備選項細讀全文，聯繫上、下文內容，注意從上、下文的語法結構和詞語搭配及從選擇項中尋找解題的提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再從分析句子結構入手，根據短文意思、語法規則、詞語固定搭配等進行綜合考慮，對備選項逐一進行分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項、初步選定答案。
3. 瞻前顧後、先易後難、各個擊破。動筆時要瞻前顧後、通篇考慮、先易後難。對比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能確定答案的，先跳過這一空格，繼續往下做，最後回過頭來再集中精力解決難點。這時可結合已確定答案的選項再讀一遍短文，隨著對短文理解的深入，可以降低試題的難度，提高選擇的正確率。
4. 復讀全文、逐空驗證、彌補疏漏。完成各道題選擇後，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認真復查。看所選定的答案是否使短文意思前後連貫、順理成章，語法結構是否正確，是否符合習慣表達法。如發現錯誤答案或有疑問的，應再次推敲、反復斟酌、做出修正。
完形填空試題的一般解題思路是：
1. 跳過空格、通讀短文、了解大意。解題時先跳過空格，通讀完形填空的短文，了解全篇的內容和要旨。要重視首句，善於以首句的時態、語氣為立足點，理清文脈，推測全文主題及大意。
2. 復讀短文、確定語義、判斷詞形。把握短文大意後再認真復讀短文，利用上下文的語境，結合所學過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義，再根據空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當的成分，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再依據詞語搭配和語法規則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。
3. 三讀短文、上下參照、驗證答案。在短文的每一空白處填上一個詞後，將完成的短文再細讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考。把所填的答案放入短文中進行檢驗，可從上、下文內容是否協調一致、順理成章，語法結構是否正確無誤等進行綜合驗證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮。
（三）課文閱讀指導
1. 初中閱讀
閱讀理解能力
（1）理解主旨要義
（2）理解文中具體信息
（3）根據上下文猜測生詞的意義
（4）做出簡單判斷的推理
（5）理解文章的基本結構
（6）理解作者的意圖和態度
2. 培養良好閱讀習慣
（1）擴大視距
（2）克服聲讀
（3）克服逐字讀
3. 猜測詞文
（1）通過標題或主題句進行預測
（2）文章的標題或主題句可包括作者的意圖和傾向、篇章的總體意義和深層意義，因此通過文章標題或主題句進行預測，以便正確理解。
（3）通過語篇標記進行預測
（4）語篇標記包括關聯詞、轉換詞也包括其他關鍵詞。
（5）利用背景知識預測
（6）利用圖片進行預測
Ⅲ 初二上冊英語語法and精華
你英語誰是外抄研版的嗎？如果是襲的話語法有、Mole1一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時[這是為本學期學習做准備的]。Mole2 Mole3 Mole4是現在完成時。M5是反義疑問句。M6是過去進行時。M7是表達覺和知覺的系動詞。M8是方位表達方式。M9是動詞不定式。M10是動詞不定式和雙賓語。M11是情態動詞may/might和動詞不定式做主語。M12是情態動詞must/can
其中現在完成時是重中之重。其他的也很重要，不過相對較為簡單。
Ⅳ 初二英語語法題（2題)
1.因為___後面還有to learn，所以不能加the，直接是easier 就可以
我想你應該是受這類題目的影響：
-Who is ____ ？Lucy or Lily？
此處就填the taller，因專為____後面沒屬有to do
因此本題選B，答案沒有錯
2.如果按照你的答案，翻譯則是「飛機直到下午一點才到達」，
因為until就是直到的意思
正確答案的確是D，譯為「飛機在下午一點之後才到達」
因為本題是將來時，這只是一個估測
Ⅳ 初二上冊英語重點語法有哪些
對於這個問題，如果想學好英語，語法是非常重要的，每個章節中都有grammar這個版部分，這個部分就是你權所要問的語法，那麼具體的語法知識點，可以參照書後面的語法講解進行，如果經濟允許的情況下，買些相關的輔導教材。雖然不同版本的教材內容不同，但是英語的語法基本一致。所以要想學好英語，語法肯定少不了。
祝好運！
Ⅵ 求初二上學期英語語法
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什麼時候離開上海的？
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你為什麼要離開上海去北京？
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有「竟會」的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎麼知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚？
should有時表示應當做或發生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點：
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2. 用於提出意見勸導別人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業。如：
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的？
該句相當於：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：
What color do you like best? （所有顏色）
你最喜愛什麼顏色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范圍）
你最喜愛哪一種顏色？
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些圖片來自中國？
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：
always（總是，一直）
usually（通常）
often（常常，經常）
sometimes（有時候）
never（從不）
2.頻度副詞的位置：
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如：
David is often arrives late for school.
大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天經常在7：10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有時我步行回家，有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時，主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如：
Never have I been there.
我從沒到過那兒。
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day 作狀語，譯為「每一天」。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7：10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語，譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活動是什麼？
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。
助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，例如：
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
（doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義）
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來：
a. 表示時態，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。
b. 表示語態，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎？
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？
d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。 ( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。 (to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 記得做過某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢，現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提問：1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have?
4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然，學生多了更多的回答角度，也體現了考試的靈活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball.
5.在以下結構中：
enjoy doing sth 樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
2.decide on doing sth 決定做某事
They decide on flying kites.
他們決定放風箏。
3.decide on sth 就某事決定......
Betty decided on the red skirt.
貝蒂選定了那條紅裙子。
4.decide的名詞形式為decision，結構：make a decision，意為「做決定」。如：
He has made a decision.
他已經做一個決定了。
43) too many,too much與much too
1.too many意為「太多」，用於修飾可數名詞的復數。如：
There are too many students in our class.
我們班上有太多的學生。
2.too much意為「太多」，用於修飾不可數名詞。如：
We have too much work to do.
我們有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示「太」，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。如：
The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
箱子太重了，所以我搬不動它。
44) can的用法
1.表示能力。如：
We can carry the heavy box.
我們可以搬得動箱子。
Who can sing an English song?
誰會唱英文歌？
2.表示驚訝、不相信等態度，主要用於否定句和疑問句中。如：
Can it be true?
這會是真的嗎？
You can't be serious?
你不會當真吧？
3.表示允許，意思與may相近，主要用於口語中。如：
Can I smoke here?
我可以在這兒吸煙嗎？
Can I go with him?
我可以跟他一起去嗎？
Ⅶ 求 ！ 初二上冊重要英語語法知識點 。。。
初二英語知識點復習(總結版)
1.
take : 拿走
take sb. / sth. to someplace;
take sth. with you
bring: 帶來
bring sth for a picnic
It』s going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.
You』d better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.
2.
keep + 名詞 + 形容詞
Keep the windows open, it』s hot here.
keep sb doing sth
I』m sorry I』ve kept you waiting for a long time.
keep表示「借」用於和一段時間連用：
How long can I keep this book?
3.
let / make / have sb do sth
讓（使）某人干某事
Let』s go to the zoo!
How did he make the baby stop crying?
4.
forget to do sth
忘記去做某事
remember to do sth
記得去做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
remember doing sth
記得做過某事
5.
stop to do sth
停下來做另一件事情
stop doing sth
停止正在做的事情
stop sb from doing sth
阻止某人干某事
Let』s stop to have a test, it』s too hot today.
When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.
We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
begin / start
to do sth
6.
tell / ask sb to do sth
否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth.
Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.
Our P.E. teacher told us a story
yesterday.
7.
see / hear / watch sb do sth
see
/ hear /
watch sb doing sth
I heard him singing in the room when I passed by.
8.
enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;
enjoy oneself = have a good time
Our classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.
9.
be busy with sth
;
be busy doing sth
They are all busy with their work.
10.
finish doing sth.
Tom didn』t go to bed until he finished writing the composition.
11.
want
sth
/
to do sth
/
sb to do sth
would like
sth
/
to do sth
/
sb to do sth
feel like doing sth.
He didn』t feel like eating anything.
12.
had better do sth
否定形式：
had better not do sth
You』d better not sing here, the baby is asleep.
13.
Why not do sth ?
=
why don』t you do sth ?
=
Why didn』t you do sth ?
Why not come with me?
14.
What about sth
/
what about doing sth ?
=
How about -----?
How about playing basketball with us?
15.
Thank you for sth /
Thanks for doing sth.
Thanks for your help.
------------
It』s a pleasure.
Thanks very much for helping me.
16.
instead往往放在句首或句尾
instead of sth
/
instead of doing sth.
通常放中間
He didn』t go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.
He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..
17.
put on
強調動作
wear 強調狀態
in 介詞，構成一個短詞
Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we』ll do some cleaning.
Kate is wearing a red sweater today.
The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li
18.
在if 引導的條件狀語從句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句, 當主句是：一般將來時態、含情態動詞或祈使句的情況下，從句用一般現在時表示將來時。
We』ll go hiking if it doesn』t rain tomorrow.
it doesn』t rain
=
it isn』t rainy
I』ll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.
同樣的情況還適用於not ---- until 句型
I won』t go to bed until I finish my homework.
19.
在以when
引導的時間狀語從句, 當從句是一般過去時態時，主句往往用過去進行時,表示在過去的某一時刻正在發生或正在進行的動作：
They were having supper when I got to their home.
20.
It』s time for sth /
It』s time to do sth /
It』s time for sb to do sth.
It』s time for us to start our lesson now.
21.
It takes /
It took /
It will take
somebody some time to do something.
It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.
It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.
22.
it 作形式主語或形式賓語，其真正的主語或賓語是後面帶to 的動詞不定式:
It』s necessary to learn English well.
We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.
23.
too ----
to 句型,
too ---- for sb to
do sth ----，對某人來說太-----以致於不能-----
The apples on the
tree
are too high for me to reach.
Kate is too young to go to school.
24.
enough 用法：形前名後， big enough
;
enough food
----- enough to do sth
足夠-------能夠-------
Jim is old enough to go to school.
25.
little , a little 修飾不可數名詞 ;
much 修飾不可數
few a few 修飾可數名詞;
many 修飾可數
a little
a few 具有肯定含義little few 具有否定含義
some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修飾不可數，也可以修飾可數名詞；
There
is a little time left, take it easy.
We』d better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.
Mr. Little doesn』t have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）
26.
much too 中心詞是too, 常修飾形容詞,
It』s much too cold today,
we should wear warm clothes.
too much中心詞是much, 常修飾不可數名詞,
There』s too much water,
please be careful..
27.
有關情態動詞的問答：
May I ------?
No, you can』t.
No, you mustn』t.
Must I /
we
-----?
No, you needn』t.
要注意could 和can的區別：could可表示語氣的委婉，也表示過去的能力
Could you help me ?
Could she swim when she was four years old?
要注意must 和have to 的區別：must強調主觀, have to 強調客觀
要注意maybe和 may be的區別 ： maybe在句中作謂語
Maybe it』s here.
It may be here.
28.
不定代詞：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody.
Something常用於肯定句和表示請求的疑問句中 ， anything用於否定句中和疑問句中，not anything = nothing
;
without anything =
with nothing
Would you like something to eat?
I』d like Chinese tea with nothing in it .
形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞後面：
Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in today』s newspaper?
29.
反身代詞: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
要記住：一、二人稱用物主，第三人稱用賓格， 復數self要變selves
和反身代詞有關的一些片語：enjoy oneself.
= have a good time.
learn by oneself,
leave one by oneself
She had to teach her son herself.
I don』t need your help, I can do it myself.
30.
形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動詞：
What a strong wind!
It』s blowing strongly.
連系動詞：be, feel, look, get,
turn , taste, smell, become,
+ 形容詞作表語
31.
感嘆句：What + a/an + 形容詞 + 可數名詞的單數形式+ 主語+ 謂語！
What+ 形容詞+ 可數名詞的復數形式 / 不可數名詞+ 主語+ 謂語！
How + 形容詞或副詞 + 主語+ 謂語！
What a nice day it is !
What beautiful flowers they are!
How happily they are playing!
32.
反意疑問句：要注意前肯後否，前否後肯，要用be動詞，助動詞或情態動詞來做，
要注意否定詞：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等
祈使句的反意疑問句用：will you ?
以Let』s開頭的反意疑問句用: shall we ?
She usually gets up at six, doesn』t she?
There』s little water in the bottle, is there?
Please take these
books to the office, will you?
You have never been to New York, have you?
33.
形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級：要注意比較級和最高級的構成:
規則變化: 要雙寫的：big, fat, thin, red,
不規則變化：good,
bad,
far,
ill,
比較級用在：than ，
a little + ，
much + ,
最高級用在：
of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范圍的短語中，
one of + 最高級 + 可數名詞的復數
34.
以so 引導的倒裝句：表示-----也一樣，也如此，前後主語要不一致，要通過be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞來做:
I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother.
Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people.
35.
either---or----, neither ---- nor ----
連接兩個主語，謂語動詞採用就近原則；
Either of ----或 Neither of ------謂語動詞用單數；
Both of
------或 both
---- and -----謂語動詞用復數
Both of them are Chinese.
Neither of them is Australian.
Neither Jim nor I am American. 給贊
Ⅷ 英語初二上冊語法
英語初二上冊語法：
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什麼時候離開上海的？
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你為什麼要離開上海去北京？
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有「竟會」的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎麼知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚？
should有時表示應當做或發生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點：
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2.用於提出意見勸導別人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業。如：
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的？
該句相當於：
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：
What color do you like best?（所有顏色）你最喜愛什麼顏色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜愛哪一種顏色？ （有特定的范圍）
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如：
Which pictures are from China?哪些圖片來自中國？
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：
always（總是，一直）
usually（通常）
often（常常，經常）
sometimes（有時候）
never（從不）
2.頻度副詞的位置：
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如：
David is often arrives late for school.大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經常在7:10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有時我步行回家，有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時，主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如：
Never have I been there.我從沒到過那兒。
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day作狀語，譯為「每一天」。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7：10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語，譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活動是什麼？
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。例如：
He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語。
（doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義）
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來：
a. 表示時態，例如：
He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已結婚。
b. 表示語態，例如：
He was sent to England.他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句，例如：
Do you like college life?你喜歡大學生活嗎？
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？
d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句，例如：
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘記要去做某事(未做)；forget doing忘記做過某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。(to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示燈已經關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do記得去做某事(未做)；
remember doing記得做過某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如：
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞。如：
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice.(通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard.(人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢，現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.
提問：1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然，學生多了更多的回答角度，也體現了考試的靈活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問：1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如：
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用，結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如：
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如：
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball？
5.在以下結構中：
enjoy doing sth樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式，即可用「he,she,it」代替的。如：
he,she, it，my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如：
man（單數）---men（復數） banana（單數）---bananas（復數）
3.動詞有原形，第三人稱單數形式，-ing分詞，過去式，過去分詞。如：
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候，謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
13) 名詞的復數構成的幾種形式
名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。
I 名詞復數的規則變化
1.一般在名詞詞尾加-s。如：
pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
desk---deskstree---trees
2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x結尾的名詞，詞尾加-es。如：
class---classes dish---dishes
watch---watches box---boxes
3.以字母-o結尾的某些名詞，詞尾加-es。如：
potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
4.以輔音字母加-y結尾的名詞，將-y變為-i,再加-es。如：
family---families dictionary---dictionaries
city---cities country---countries
5.以字母-f或-fe結尾的名詞，將-f或-fe變為-v，再加-es。如：
half---halves leaf---leaves
thief---thieves knife---knives
self---selves wife---wives
life---lives wolf---wolves
shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
但是：
scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
chief---chiefs proof---proofs
belief---beliefs
II 名詞復數的不規則變化
1.將-oo改為--ee。如：
foot---feet tooth---teeth
2.將-man改為-men。如：
man---men woman---women
policeman---policemen postman---postmen
3.添加詞尾。如：
child---children
4.單復數同形。如：
sheep---sheep deer---deer
fish---fish people---people
5.表示「某國人」的單、復數變化。即「中日瑞不變英法變，其它國把-s加後面」。如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
American---Americans Australian---Australians
Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
6.其它。如：
mouse---mice
apple tree---apple trees
man teacher---men teachers
14) 雙寫最後一個字母的-ing分詞
初中階段常見的有以下這些：
1.let→letting讓 hit→hitting打、撞
cut→cutting切、割get→getting取、得到
sit→sitting坐 forget→forgetting忘記
put→putting放 set→setting設置
babysit→babysitting 臨時受雇照顧嬰兒
2.shop→shopping購物trip→tripping絆
stop→stopping停止 drop→dropping放棄
3.travel→travel(l)ing旅遊swim→swimming游泳
run→running跑步dig→digging挖、掘
begin→beginning開始prefer→preferring 寧願
plan→planning 計劃