① 人教版初二英語句型、語法、時態有什麼
是"仁愛"么?
② 初二下冊的人教版英語語法、句型的重點有哪些
veryone anyone someone+動詞單數(is,was)
feel+adj(一定要知..)
if...(現在時),....(將來時) if...(現在時),....(現在時) {這個句型用在客觀真理}
though,although後面不可加but,可與yet,still連用,though可加放在句尾,although不行
★祈使句直接引語邊為間接引語
例句mary said to me:please help me .
轉換為mary ask me to help her.
轉換為 ... ask/tell /order/warn+sb to do sth
get used to+動詞doing
主語+be+倍數(數字+times)+形容詞比較級+than+..
be willing to+動詞doing/名詞
insist on +sthing
how about+doing
look forward to+doing
賓語從句一定要否語前置
成功勸說:persuade(勸說) to do sth
不成功勸說:try to persuade+賓語
it is+adj+to do sth
※it is+adj+of sb+不定式 [表示人物性格,品德]
it is+adj+for sb+不定時 [表示事物的特點特徵]
by+doing
③ 初中英語基本語句句型和語法都有哪些
你好，同學，我是今年應屆畢業生，像你這種情況跟我之前上初中是一樣，也遇見過（特別是語法），深有體會；現在舉出一些小例子希望能對你有所幫助：
初一：主+謂+賓+
that
引導賓語從句與表語從句
事例如下：
I
had
heard
of
some
noises
that
disturbed
many
people
（這樣的句子要自己學著去翻譯吧）
我聽到一些噪音
這些噪音影響了很多人
初二：
狀語從句
、倒裝句
時間狀語從句
地點狀語從句.......事例如下：常用詞（Link
Words:after,as,as
soon
as,before,each
time,every
time,once,since,the
first
time,the
moment,until,when,while,etc.）這些詞語很常見，一定熟記
句子（參考下自己寫的）：the
JUESHI,
(which
requires
abundant
energy,)
is
definitely
a
dance
for
the
young.
（這樣的簡單句你好好分析下就很簡單了）爵士舞很收青年人青睞
初三
：虛擬語氣
主語+would
/
should/
could
/
might
+
動詞原形
1（自己總結）：分為1、虛擬語氣用於條件狀語從句中
2
：表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時
3：表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were
to)
+
動詞原形，而主句中的謂語動詞則用would
/
should/
事例：If
he
had
taken
my
advice,
he
would
have
succeeded
in
the
competition.
同學
，這些是我自己總結的一些心得（絕對沒有COPY哦），不知道對你有用不，至於高考嘛，只要你掌握好現在的知識，高考對於你來說以後就是水到渠成。願你學業有成，更上一層樓……
my
sincere
hope
，come
on
，
④ 初二英語上冊前六個單元的語法點和句型
新目標英語八年級上筆記
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （語言目標）
1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans.
談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases （重點短語）：
1. how often 多長時間一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 許多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…開始
6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一個月兩次
11. be good for 對…有好處
12. once in a while 偶爾
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out 緊張
21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired 變的疲勞
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看電視
26. play basketball 打籃球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放鬆
30. sports camp 運動野營
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away 離開
34. get back to school 返回學校
35. stay for a week 呆一個星期
36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機
42. get to 到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行
46. ride a bike 騎自行車
47. bus stop 公共汽車站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 離開去…
50. school bus 學校班車
51. the early bus 早班車
52. be different from 與…不同
53. half past six 六點半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多於
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比賽
60. school team 校隊
61. come over to 過來到…
62. the day after tomorrow 後天
63. be good at 擅長於…
64. two years ago 兩年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone 與大家談話
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter?
What』s wrong?
What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I』m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
IV. Grammar語法：
Unit 1:
1. 表頻率的詞彙和短語：
always usually often never hardly ever
sometimes seldom once a day twice a month
three times a week every two weeks once in a while
2. 做事情的頻率（how often you do things）:
－What do you usually do in the morning?
－I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden.
I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food.
3. 如何提問頻率「多久一次」
－How often does he play tennis?
－He plays tennis every day.
－How often do you drink milk?
－I drink milk once a day.
－How often do they go to the movies?
－Sometimes.
Unit 2:
1. 詢問別人身體狀況：
What』s wrong with you?
What』s the matter with you?
What』s the trouble?
2. 提出建議（give advice and make suggestions）
－What』s wrong with you?
－I have a headache.
－You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn』t work late.
－I have a fever.
－You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn』t be stressed out.
Unit 3：
一般將來時：
1. 現在進行時「be+動詞ing」可以用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作。
－What are you doing for vacation?
－I』m visiting Tibet.
－Where are you going on May Day?
－I』m going to the beach.
－How many students are coming to out party tomorrow?
－Fifty.
2. 「be going to +動詞原形」表示主觀打算去做某事，表示「人」打算，計劃，決定要去做的事。
They are going to travel in China.
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
－Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up?
－Yes, I am.
3. 用「shall＋動詞原形」或「will＋動詞原形」表示一般將來時。
（shall只用於第一人稱）
We shall go to the beach this Sunday.
My brother will finish middle school in a year.
These birds won』t fly to the south in winter.
When will they begin the work?
Unit 4：
談論如何到達某地，以及以何種方式到達某地。
－How do you get to the museum?
－I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum.
注意區別：
（1）take the bus = go by bus
eg: I take the bus to get to school.
= I get to school by bus.
take the train = go by train
eg: He takes the train to go to school.
He gets to school by train.
take the subway = go by subway
take a taxi = go by taxi
go in a car = go by car
ride a bike = go by bike
walk = go on foot
⑤ 初二英語下冊重點語法、句型歸納總結
下冊主要就是被動語態啦被動語態的主要用法
一．定義
語態是動詞的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者，或者是說動作是由主語完成的，要用主動語態；如果主語是動作的承受者，或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的，則用被動語態。
■當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時，常用被動語態，這時往往不用by短語。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知誰打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)
■突出或強調動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執行者，用by短語。
The time-table has been changed. 時間表已變動了。(要突出的是「時間」)
These books are written especially for children. 這些書是專門為孩子們寫的。(強調的是「」這些書)
■為了使語言得體或圓滑等不願意說出動作的執行者。如：
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 請您在下次會議上作個發言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 據說她要嫁給一個外國人。
■出於修辭的原因，或是說為了更好地安排句子。如：
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 這個提議特別遭到了那些在本地區投資很大的人的反對。(因those的定語太長了，若用它作主語，主語與謂語就相距太遠而顯得句子鬆散。)
8種常用時態的被動語態
由「助動詞be + 動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be 有時態、人稱和數的變化。
(1) 一般現在時：am/is/are +過去分詞。如：
Rice is grown in south China. 華南種植水稻。
(2) 一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 這塊玻璃是昨天打爛的。
(3) 現在進行時：am/is/are being +過去分詞。如：
The project is being carried out. 這個計劃正在執行中。
(4) 過去進行時：was/were/being +過去分詞。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 這條路去年這個時候還在修建。
(5) 一般將來時：will be +過去分詞。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 這些汽車將由水路運往國外。
(6) 過去將來時：would be +過去分詞。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 經理說這個工程在年底前將會完成。
(7) 現在完成時：have/has been +過去分詞。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。
(8) 過去完在時：had been +過去分詞。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到達劇院時，發現票已賣完了。
使用被動語態「六注意」
一要注意被動語態的不同時態
被動語態由「be+過去分詞」，其中的助動詞 be 根據情況可使用各種不同時態。如：
She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般現在時)
The book will be reprinted soon. 這本書很快會重印。(一般將來時)
The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(現在進行時)
They have been given a warning. 他們受到警告。(現在完成時)
二要注意帶情態動詞的被動語態
該結構的基本形式為「情態動詞+be(或be的適當形式)+過去分詞」。這類結構非常有可能作為語境題出現在考卷中。如：
The rules must be obeyed. 這些規章制度必須遵守。
They shouldn』t have been told about it. 這事是不應當告訴他們的。
三要注意非謂語動詞的被動語態
1. 不定式一般式的被動語態。由「to be+過去分詞」構成。如：
She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求給她一些工作做。
2. 不定式完成式的被動語態。由「to have been+過去分詞」構成。如：
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想讓人把結果早點告訴我的。
3. 現在分詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如：
I saw him being taken away. 我看見有人把他帶走了。
4. 現在分詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如：
Having been invited to speak, I』ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因為邀請我去講話，我明天就得做准備。
5. 動名詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如：
He hates being made a fool of. 他討厭被別人愚弄。
6. 動名詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如：
Jenny』s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 傑妮沒受過舞蹈的專業訓練是她感到遺憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把車開出城的指令後，我開始信心十足了。
註：過去分詞沒有被動式，因為它本身可以表示被動意義。如：
The door remained locked. 門仍然鎖著。
四要注意「get+過去分詞」構成的被動語態
英語被動語態通常由「助動詞be+過去分詞」構成，有時也可用「get+過去分詞」構成。如：
James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。
但總的說來，用get構成的被動語態不如用be構成的被動語態常見，尤其是在含有施動者的by短語時，用get構成被動語態更是少見。不過有時用be+過去分詞構成被動語態構成誤解時，人們可能會選get+過去分詞來避免這種誤解：
The window was broken. 窗戶破了(表狀態)。/ 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
The window got broken. 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
五要注意哪些動詞不用於被動語態
1. 不及物動詞沒有被動語態。因為不及物動詞沒有賓語，所以若將其用於被動語態則沒有主語，故不能用於被動語態。但是值得注意的是，有些英語中的不及物動詞，譯成漢語時卻可能是「及物」的，很容易出錯，這類動詞如：take place(發生)，happen(發生)，come about(發生)，break out(爆發)，appear(出現)，disappear(消失)，last(持續)，arise(出現，發生)等：
Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常發生在冬季。
2. 英語中的靜態動詞(如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble 等)通常不用於被動語態：
The young man lacks experience. 這個年輕人缺乏經驗。
英語不用被動語態幾種的情形
1.謂語為連系動詞時，不用被動語態。如：He looked fine. 他氣色好。The food tastes delicious. 這食物味道很好。
2. 謂語為不及物動詞(短語)時，不用被動語態。如：The war broke out in the end. 戰爭終於爆發了。
3. 賓語為不定式、動詞的-ing 形式或從句，表示主語的一些想法、愛好或願望時，一般不用被動語態。如：
He decided to go with us. 他決定跟我們一起去。4. 賓語是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語等時，一般不用被動語態。如：
We should help each other. 我們應該相互幫助。He thinks of himself too much. 他對自己想得太多。
5. 賓語是處所、地點時，一般不用被動語態。如：
We will reach the station in two hours. 我們再過兩個小時就會到站了。
6. 謂語部分(動詞與賓語) 是一個不可分割的動詞短語時，一般不用被動語態。如：
The ship set sail this morning. 這艘輪船今天早晨起航了。
通常不用於被動語態的靜態動詞
那裡的人缺乏食物。正：People there lack food. 誤：Food is lacked by people there.
從形式上看，第2句是第1句的相應的被動形式，既然第1句為正句，那麼第2句從理論上說應該是成立的。而事實上第2句卻是個錯句。
在英語中，並不是所有的及物動詞都可以用於被動語態的，有些動詞(尤其是那些靜態動詞)盡管它們可以帶賓語，但卻不用於被動語態，這種動詞考生容易弄錯，其中主要的有：have，lack，fit，suit，cost，let，like等：
他有一台電腦。正：He has a computer.誤：A computer is had by him.
他當時正在洗澡。正：He was taking a bath. 誤：A bath was being had by him.
我的鞋不適合。正：My shoes don』t fit me. 誤：I am not fitted by my shoes.
這架鋼琴花了她6000美元。正：The piano cost her 6000 dollars.
六要注意兩類被動句型的相互轉換
英語中有一種主動句可以轉換成兩種被動句型，它們通常是一些表示客觀說明的句子。如：
People believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
It』s believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
She is believed to be honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
比較上面兩類被動句型可以發現，一類是「it+be+過去分詞+that從句」，另一類則是「主語+be+過去分詞+不定式」(其中的「主語」為前一類句型中that從句中的主語)，通常可用於這兩類被動句型的動詞有assume, believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等，比較(同時注意其中時態和動詞形式的變化)：
It』s known that he was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer. 大家知道他曾是位優秀的歌手。
表示「據說」的三類被動句型
⑥ 及須;初二英語上冊短語,句型,語法,等
Unit 1 Sports and Games
Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball?
一、課文知識點：
1．重點詞彙及短語：
team, win, almost, join, club, dream, shame, hour, pretty, popular, healthy, weekend, cheer…on, quite a bit/a lot, grow up, in the future, arrive in/at, play against, leave for, the day after tomorrow, take part in, World Cup, pretty well, the high jump, the long jump, all over, be good for, keep fit
2．語法：be going to結構
3．重點句型及交際用語：
（1）— sport do you prefer, cycling or rowing?
—I prefer rowing.
（2）—Do you row much?
—Yes, quite a bit/ a lot. No, seldom.
（3）—Are you going to join the school rowing club?
—Yes, I am. /No, I am not.
（4）—What are you going to be when you grow up?
—I'm going to be a dancer.
（5）It's too bad that they aren't going to stay in Beijing for long.
（6）They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
（7）What a shame!
（8）She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.
（9）There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
（10）Because it makes me strong and it is popular all over the world.
二、課文講解：
1．I saw you play basketball almost every day ring the summer holidays.
我看見你暑假期間幾乎每天都打籃球。
see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事。表示某動作經常性發生，
這個句型也可以用doing 的形式表示動作正在進行
1）I see you go to school early every morning. 我看見你每天早晨上學很早。
2）I often see the boys play basketball. 我經常看見男孩子們打籃球。
3）I saw my brother reading in his bedroom just now. 剛才我看見我弟弟在房間里看書。
2．Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你願意來為我們加油嗎？
cheer sb. on為……喝彩，向……歡呼。
如果後面接名詞，放在cheer on的中間和後面都可以，如果後面接的是人稱代詞賓格，則必須放在中間。如：
I'll cheer you on. 我將為你喝彩。
3．I hope our team will win. 我希望我們隊獲勝。
（1）hope to do sth. 希望做某事。如：
Betty hopes to study Chinese in Peking University. 貝蒂希望在北京大學學中文。
（2）hope+that從句，that可以省略。如：
I hope it will be fine. 我希望天氣好轉。
4．I prefer rowing. 我更喜歡劃船。
prefer更喜歡，相當於like…better。
此句還可以說I like rowing better.
prefer doing sth. 更喜歡，寧願做某事。如：
We prefer listening to music. 我們更喜歡聽音樂。
Do you prefer watching TV at home? 你寧願在家看電視嗎？
5．—Do you row much? —你經常劃船嗎？
—Yes quite a bit/ a lot. /No, seldom. —是的，經常。/不，幾乎沒有。
much在此處是副詞，用來修飾動詞row。如：
—Do you read much? 你看書多嗎？
—Yes, quite a bit. 是的，相當多。
—Do you swim much? 你游泳多嗎？
—No, seldom. 不，幾乎不游泳。
6．Are you going to join the school rowing club?
你要加入學校劃船俱樂部嗎？
join通常指參加某種活動或加入某個組織成為其成員。接活動時，常與in連用，指加入組織時，join後不用介詞。如：
He joined in the game. 他參加了這個游戲。
My uncle joined the Party in 1988. 我叔叔是1988年入黨的。
7．What are you going to be when you grow up? 你長大後想干什麼？
grow up 長大成人。
1）When I grow up, I want to work in Shenzhen. 長大後，我要去深圳工作。
2）I grew up in a beautiful city. 我在一個美麗的城市長大。
David Beckham, a famous soccer star, arrived in Beijing with his team yesterday. 著名球星大衛·貝克漢姆和他的球隊昨天到達了北京。
arrive in/at到達，區別是in後賓語為大地點，而at後賓語為小地點。如：
He arrived in Hong Kong yesterday. 他昨天到達了香港。
They arrived at the bus stop early this morning. 今天他們很早到達了車站。
get to到達，後接地點。
When did you get to Shanghai?
你們什麼時候到達上海的？
8．The team will play against China's national team.
這個隊將與中國國家隊比賽。
play against…跟……比賽。如：
Would you like to play against us? 你們願意和我們比賽嗎？
9．It's too bad that they aren't going to stay in Beijing for long. 很遺憾他們不在北京待很久。
It's too bad that…很遺憾……
1）It's too bad that I can't help you. 很遺憾我不能幫你。
2）It's too bad that they aren't going to come here. 非常遺憾他們不來這里。
對於很遺憾的事，我們還可以用I'm so sorry. 或It's a pity. 來表達。如：
1）—I'm ill, so I can't take part in the party.
因為我生病了，所以我不能參加這個聚會。
—I'm so sorry. 很遺憾。
2）—He worked hard, but be didn't pass the English exam.
他努力學習，但沒有通過這次英語考試。
—It's a pity. 很遺憾。
10．What a shame! 真遺憾！ 多可惜啊！
通常用於某些不隨心願的情況下。如：
1）Oh, it's raining. What a shame! 啊！下雨了。真糟糕！
2）—I can't find my cellphone. 我找不到我的手機了。
—What a shame! 真可惜！
11．He broke the Olympic record and won a gold medal in the Athens Olympic. 他在雅典奧運會上打破了奧運會紀錄並獲得了一枚金牌。
（1）break the record 打破紀錄
（2）win a gold medal獲得金牌
win v. 獲勝、贏得，後常跟某種比賽，過去式為won。如：
Which team won the football game? 哪個隊贏了這場足球賽？
12．They are sure that she will win. 他們肯定她能獲勝。
be sure+從句，表示「肯定，有把握」。如：
I'm sure (that) the story is true. 我肯定這故事是真的。
I'm sure (that) eating too much is bad for you. 我肯定吃得太多對你不好。
13．How often does she go cycling? 她多長時間進行一次騎自行車運動？
（1）go cycling 騎自行車
go swimming 去游泳
go skating 去滑冰
go skiing 去滑雪
go fishing 去釣魚
go climbing 去爬山
go shopping 去購物
（2）how often多長時間一次，表示頻率。常用頻度副詞always一直，總是；usually通常；often時常，常常；sometimes有時；seldom很少；never從來沒有；once a week每周一次；twice a year每年兩次；
—How often do you play table tennis? 你多長時間玩一次乒乓球？
—Once a week. 每周一次。
另外 how long表示「多久，多長時間」，是時間段的概念。
—How long does she stay in the gym every day?
她每天在健身房待多長時間？
—Two hours. 兩小時。
14．Because it makes me strong and it is popular all over the world.
因為它（足球）使我強壯而且它在全世界都受歡迎。
（1）make是使役動詞，意思是「使，讓」，後面接形容詞、介詞短語、名詞短語作賓語補足語。如：
1）I made him very happy. 我讓他很高興。
2）Linda's parents make her at home. 琳達的父母讓她待在家裡。
3）We make him our monitor. 我們選他當我們的班長。
（2）all over the world全世界 all over到處，處處，遍及…… 如：
all over China 遍及全中國
all over the city 整個城市
15．Running is good for legs, heart and lungs. 跑步對腿、心和肺有益。
be good for對……有益。如：
Watching TV too much is not good for your health. 看太多電視對你的身體沒有好處。
三、語法
be going to結構
1．定義：be going to表示打算，計劃，准備去做一件事情。這種打算常經過預先考慮並含有自己做好某些准備的意思，因此用be going to表示的行動通常會付諸實踐。如：
—What are you going to do this Sunday? 這個星期天你打算干什麼？
—I'm going to play basketball with my classmates. 我打算和同學去打籃球。
She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump. 她打算參加跳高和跳遠項目。
They are going to plant trees around the school. 他們打算去學校周圍種些樹。
I am going to Beijing next month. 下個月我准備去北京。
2．轉變句型
A、一般疑問句：把be(am, is, are)動詞直接提到句首。即：Be+主語+going to+動詞原形+……？如：
Tom and Kate are going to take part in the soccer club.
湯姆和凱特要參加足球俱樂部。
Are Tom and Kate going to take part in the soccer club?
湯姆和凱特要參加足球俱樂部嗎？
B、否定句：在be後直接加not，即主語+be+not+going to+動詞原形+…… 如：
Ling isn't going to sing at the party tomorrow evening.
明晚玲不打算在聚會上唱歌。
C、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句+be+主語+going to+動詞原形+……？如：
What are you going to do next month? 下個月你將干什麼？
Where are they going to meet this Sunday? 這周日他們將在哪兒會面？
四、練習
Ⅰ、單項選擇
（ ）1、Lily ____ the long jump, and she jumped very far.
A. join B. joined C. takes part in D. took part in
（ ）2、Cycling can make your body _____.
A. strong B. strongly C. be strong D. to be strong
（ ）3、—____ does she stay in the city every year?
—Two months.
A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How
（ ）4、Michael Jordan is good at _____ basketball.
A. to play B. play C. to playing D. playing
（ ）5、—How often does Ann go to the gym?
—_______
A. Twice a week. B. For two hours. C. At two o'clock. D. Two time a week.
（ ）6、I saw Tom often _____ with his father ring the summer holidays.
A. swims B. swam C. swim D. swimming
（ ）7、Running is a good way _____ fit.
A. keeps B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
（ ）8、He prefers _____ to ______ on the weekend.
A. go shopping; go swimming B. going shopl going swim
C. going shopping; going swimming D. to go shopping; to go swimming
（ ）9、There _____ a school sports meet next month.
A. will have B. is C. is going to have D. is going to be
（ ）10、Swimming can help to keep your heart ______.
A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. healthly
參考答案：1-5 DAADA 6-10 CBCDB
Ⅱ、選用方框中句子補全對話，其中有二項多餘。
A. It's October 1st.
B. Because it's the birthday of our country on that day.
C. Let's have a party.
D. People hold dragon boat race(龍舟比賽)in many places and eat rice mplings to remember Qu Yuan.
E. They often go shopping or touring(觀光).
F. Many people watch the National flag(國旗)go up.
G. What's the date today?
S——Sally
K——Kangkang
S：When is May Day?
K：It's on May the 1st.
S：How do people celebrate it?
K： 1
S：When is Dragon Boat Festival?
K：It's on the lunar(農歷)May 5th.
S：What do people do on that day?
K： 2
S：When is National Day?
K： 3
S：Why do people celebrate it?
K： 4
S：How do people celebrate it?
K： 5
1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．_______ 5．______
參考答案：1—5 EDABF
Ⅲ、完形填空
（A）
In England, people don't usually talk much. You can get on 1 bus, or a train, 2 everyone sits looking 3 the window. Often they read. They read books and newspapers, but they don't talk much.
4 you meet English people, they often talk about one thing—the 5 . So when you meet someone in England, you can say,「Nice weather 6 the time of year!」
「But it was a little cold yesterday,」 7 may answer.
「But it is going to be a bit warmer 8 !」you can say. Talk 9 this, and the English will think,「How 10 you are!」
（ ）1．A. an B. a C. the D.（不填）
（ ）2．A. and B. so C. but D. or
（ ）3．A. after B. like C. out of D. or
（ ）4．A. Because B. When C. Then D. before
（ ）5．A. weather B. food C. date D. time
（ ）6．A. to B. for C. on D. from
（ ）7．A. someone B. anyone C. other D. man
（ ）8．A. yesterday B. later C. in a minute D. all day
（ ）9．A. like B. about C. with D. into
（ ）10．A. easy B. high C. friendly D. healthy
參考答案：1—5 BCCBA 6—10 BABAC
（B）
Summer is very hot, but most American families like to have a holiday 1 summer. Summer is a good season 2 holidays. It's very hot ring the months of July and August. Children don't go to school ring these 3 months.
Some 4 like to be at home ring the holidays. They work in gardens, talk with friends, 5 books, or watch TV. Some families 6 lunch in parks or some places far away 7 the city. They like to eat in places with many trees or a nice lake. If they live near the sea, they often go to the beach. They can fish, swim or 8 the sunshine there.
America is a large country. Many families travel by car or by train to see interesting places. They also 9 other countries by plane. Many big cities have many famous buildings, shops or other places 10 travelers.
1．A. for B. in C. on D. with
2．A. to B. of C. in D. for
3．A. one B. two C. three D. four
4．A. people B. girls C. men D. women
5．A. see B. watch C. look D. read
6．A. has B. take C. have D. carry
7．A. from B. of C. to D. with
8．A. like B. love C. look D. enjoy
9．A. travel at B. travel to C. travel in D. travel for
10．A. for B. in C. on D. with
參考答案：1—5 BDBAD 6—10 CADBA
Ⅳ、閱讀理解
（A）
Mr. King goes to a dinner party. He is wearing old clothes. He comes into the room. But people in the room don't look at him. They don't ask him to sit at the table.
Mr. King goes home and puts on his good clothes. He goes back to the party. Everyone in the room stands up and smiles at him. They give him very good food to eat.
Mr. King takes off his clothes, and puts them in the food and says,「Eat, clothes!」
The other people ask,「What are you doing?」
He answers,「I'm asking my coat to eat food. I am wearing my old clothes. You don't look at me. You don't ask me to sit down. Now I'm in these clothes. And you give me very good food. Now I see, you give the food to my clothes, not to me!」
（ ）1．Mr. King goes to the dinner, but people in the room don't look at him. Because _____.
A. he doesn't come by car B. he is old
C. he is wearing his old clothes D. he is young
（ ）2．Mr. King goes home to ______ his _____ clothes.
A. put on; good B. puts on; fine
C. take off; good D. wear; good
（ ）3．Mr. King goes back to the party, people in the room stand up and smile at him, because _____.
A. he is wearing his old clothes
B. he comes by a very good car
C. he is wearing his good clothes
D. he is putting on his good clothes
（ ）4．Mr. King takes off his good clothes, and _____ them ______ the good food.
A. ask; to eat B. asks; to eat C. let's; to eat D. ask; eat
（ ）5．Mr. King says the good food is ______.
A. for her B. for his good clothes C. for me D. for him
參考答案：1—5 CACBB
（B）
Many people do not like to stay at home on holidays. They want to go out to see something different or do something exciting. So people from the country come to the city and people from the city go to the country for holidays. During the holidays, trains, buses and planes are all very busy. It is very hard to buy train tickets or air tickets. Many people take cars or buses for traveling.
Last may Day my family went to the country by car for our holiday. There was too much traffic on the road, so we had to move very slowly. It took us about an hour to get out of the town. After some time, we came to a hill. It was green and beautiful. We thought this was a good place for a picnic, so we stopped and took the foods, fruits and drinks out of the car. We sat down and began to eat. Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain. We had to run back to our car and had our picnic in the car. Then we drove home. What a sad trip!
根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。
（ ）1．Do people like to stay at home on holidays?
A. Yes, they do. B. No, they don't.
C. Yes, they like. D. No, they aren't.
（ ）2．Did they have a good trip?
A. Yes, they did. B. No, they didn't.
C. Yes, they had. D. No, they went there.
（ ）3．What does「suddenly」mean? It means _____.
A. 強烈地 B. 突然 C. 迅速地 D. 慢慢地
（ ）4．What is the meaning of「blew」? The meaning is _____.
A. 藍色 B. 刮風 C. 吹氣 D. 推
（ ）5．How long did they spend(花費)getting out of the town?
A. Half an hour. B. About an hour. C. Two hours. D. Three hours.
參考答案：1—5 BBBBB
⑦ 求初二學生應該掌握的英語語法和單詞
初二英語上學期知識要點復習
一、一般現在時
★ 一般現在時指經常性或習慣性的動作或狀態，常和often, usually, always, sometimes, every……等時間狀語連用。肯定句謂語動詞用動詞原形（單三+s）， 否定句用don』t /doesn』t +動詞原形，疑問句用Do/Does…+動詞原形？
e.g. Tom does his homework every day. 湯姆每天都做家庭作業。
否定句：Tom doesn』t do his homework everyday. 湯姆每天都不做家庭作業。
疑問句：Does Tom do his homework everyday 湯姆每天都做家庭作業嗎?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn』t. 是的。（不，不做。）
二、現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法
1.表示說話時正在進行的動作
常和now 連用，有時用一個look、listen ,來表now 這一時間概念。
*Look! A train is coming .看，火車來了。
*Listen! He is playing the piano.聽，他在彈琴。
2.表示現階段正在進行的動作
但不一定是說話時正在進行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等時間狀語連用。
*What lesson are you studying this week?你們本周學哪一課了？（說話時並不在學）
3.現在進行時有時可用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作
即是說可以用來代替將來時，但此時，一般要與表示將來時的時間狀語連用，而且僅限於少量動詞。如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep
*Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津嗎?
*How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你們有多少人下周要來參加晚會？
三、一般將來時
█一般將來時
1.be going to+ 動詞原形~
對於將要發生的事，或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情時，皆以be going to + 動詞原形的句型來表示。
因此此句型有be動詞，所以是否用am, is, are ,決定於主語。
1.肯定句：主語+be (is, am, are) going to +動詞原形
I am going to play football next Sunday.
下周日我打算踢足球。
◇He is going to travel around the world. 他計劃周遊世界。
◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 他們打算在校門口見面。
◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
2.否定句：主語+be (am, are, is) not going to +動詞原形
We are not going to have any classes next week. 下周我們不上課。
◇I』m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算當老師。
◇He isn』t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不準備去看他哥哥。
3.疑問句：Be (Am, Is, Are) +主語+ going to + 動詞原形
◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你長大了，打算當一名醫生嗎？
Yes, I am. 是的，我打算當。
No, I』m not. 不，我不打算當。
will 同be going to 的用法相同
以今天為起點的所有將來時間，如：
this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/
tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening ,
the day after tomorrow / next week ,
next Wednesday / next month,
next September / next year.
★ 「be going to + 動詞原形」 表示計劃、打算、將來發生的動作，常和this afternoon （今天下午），this evening = tonight （今晚），tomorrow （明天），tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) （明早，午，晚），the day after tomorrow（後天），next Sunday （下個星期天）， next week (下周)， next month (下個月)， next year (明年)等的時間狀語連用，前不加任何介詞。另外，動作性動詞go ,come 和leave 等的現在進行時表示一般將來時動作。
四、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
1．比較級：句子表示兩者之間的比較時用比較級，其標志詞是than, much, a little , even和still等。
e.g. ① Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的頭發比我的長多了。
② I』m a little older than you. 我比你大一點兒。
2．最高級：句子表示三者或多者的比較時用最高級，其標志詞是表示範圍的in…或of …介詞短語。在句子中，形容詞最高級前必須加the。
e.g. ① The boy is the tallest in our class. 這個男孩是我們班最高的。
② Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
★形容詞的比較級和最高級：
形容詞有三種等級：原級、比較級、最高級。
3．原級：句中只有一者時用原級，其標志詞是very, so, too, quite等。
e.g. His handwriting is very good.他的書法很好。 （一個人不作比較。）
★ 形容詞比較級和最高級的構成：
1.一般在原級後加er 構成比較級，加est構成最高級。
e.g. small smaller smallest
young younger youngest
2.以不發音的字母e 結尾的形容詞，直接加r 或st 構成比較級和最高級。
e.g. nice nicer nicest
late later latest
3.以輔音字母+y 結尾的形容詞，變y為i ，再加er 或est, 構成比較級和最高級。
e.g. busy busier busiest
heavy heavier heaviest
4.在重讀閉音節中，末尾只有一個輔音字母的形容詞，要先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est， 構成比較級和最高級。
e.g. hot hotter hottest
big bigger biggest
5.個別形容詞的比較級和最高級是不規則變化，需個別記憶。
e.g. good (well) better best
bad (badly, ill) worse worst
many (much) more most
little less least
far farther farthest
或 further furthest
★ 副詞的比較級和最高級：
1.以ly 結尾的副詞，除early 變為 earlier 和 earliest 外， 其餘一律在其前加more 和most。 如：carefully – more carefully – most carefully
2.規則變化直接加er 和 est 。 如：fast – faster—fastest
3.個別詞是不規則變化，需要特別記憶。
4.句子中，副詞最高級前的the 可省略也可以不省略，但形容詞最高級前面的the 絕對不能去掉。
e.g. Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Jim or Mike?
五、提建議的表達方法、表示需要、詢問方向、指點方向
★ 表示建議的基本句型
1. Shall I / we + 動詞原形？
2. Why don』t you + 動詞原形 = Why not + 動詞原形
3. Let』s + 動詞原形
4. What/ How about + doing sth.
★ 表示需要的基本句型
1.表示需要用need。 它可當情態動詞和行為動詞用。
e.g. ① We need your help.（行為動詞）
我們需要你的幫助。
② They need finish reading the book today. (情態動詞)
他們需要今天看完這本書。
2.詢問方向，主要有以下幾種表達方式：
⑴ Is there a bus station near here? 附近有汽車站嗎？
⑵ Where is the nearest bus stop / station? 最近的汽車站在哪裡？
⑶ Which is the way to the bus station ? 去汽車站的路是那一條？
⑷ How can I go to the bus station? 如何去公共汽車站？
3.指點方向，主要有以下幾種表達方式：
⑴ Go / walk along the road / street. 沿著這條路/街走。
⑵ Take the first (second…) turning on the right / left. 在第一（二……）個路口向右/左轉。
⑶ It』s next to (in front of , behind…) 它在……旁邊（前面，後面……）
⑷ It』s about a hundred metres along on the left. 它在左前方大約一百米處。
⑸ Turn right / left. = turn to the right / left. 向右/左拐。
六、一般過去時
◆一般過去時主要表示過去的動作或狀態。在句子中由主語+動詞的過去式來表達。
1.He walks to school. (一般現在時)
2.He walked to school. (一般過去時)
例如：
例1．中的動詞walks時現在式, 由於主語是第三人稱單數he， 因此原因的walk必須加上 「s」,表示目前習慣性、經常性動作。可譯為「他現在經常步行上學」。
例2．中的動詞walked是過去式，過去式是敘述過去事情的動詞形式，所以這句話時表示的是過去的某時，例如昨天、上周或學生時代等過去的某一時間，這句可譯為「他曾經步行上學」。
◆be 動詞的過去式
be 動詞的過去時的句型如下：
肯定句： 主語 +be動詞的過去式（was, were）~
否定句： 主語 + be動詞的過去式（was, were）+ not ~
疑問句： be動詞的過去式（was, were）+ 主語 ~？
○He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。
○He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。
○Was he busy yesterday? (疑問句) 他昨天忙嗎？
1.be動詞過去時的肯定句
Mike was in the United States last year. 麥克去年在美國。
比較be 動詞的現在式和過去式：
There is (are ) 的句型用於一般過去時需把is ，are 變為它們的過去式：There was (were) …
2.be動詞過去式的否定句
He was not in Canada last year.
他去年不在加拿大。
be動詞過去時的否定句的結構和現在時一樣，只要在be動詞過去式（was, were）後面加上not就可以了。否定式的was not , were not 大多使用縮寫形式wasn』t 和 weren』t .
○I wasn』t busy the other day.
前幾天我不忙。
3.be動詞的過去時的疑問句（一般疑問句/特殊疑問句）
Was it raining in Beijing yesterday?
No, it wasn』t . I t was cloudy.
昨天北京下雨了嗎？不，沒下雨。昨天北京陰天。
be 動詞過去時一般疑問句的結構和一般現在時一樣，只要把be 動詞的過去式was, were 調到主語前面即可。 was (were ) + 主語 ~？ 回答時，需要用Yes, … was (were) .或 No… wasn』t (weren』t)
○Was your father free this morning? 今天上午你爸爸有空嗎？
Yes, he was . 是的，他有空。
No, he wasn』t . 不，他沒空。
◆一般動詞的過去時
一般動詞過去式的基本句型如下：
肯定句： 主語+ 動詞的過去式~
否定句： 主語+ did not + 動詞原形~
疑問句： Did + 主語 + 動詞原形~？
○He played tennis last week. (肯定句) 他上周打網球了。
○He did not play tennis last week. (否定句) 上周他沒打網球。
○Did he play tennis last week? (疑問句) 上周他打網球了嗎？
1.一般動詞過去式的肯定句
We had a good time yesterday.
昨天我們過得很愉快。
He had a good time yesterday.
昨天他過得很高興。
一般過去時沒有人稱和數的變化。因此，主語即使是單數、第三人稱，也和其他人稱一樣變化。
○I watched TV for an hour.
我看了一個小時的電視。
○She studied Russian two years ago.
兩年前他學俄語。
2.一般動詞過去時的否定句
We did not have a good time yesterday.
昨天我們過得不好。
一般動詞過去時的否定句的結構和一般現在時夠定句的結構一樣， 不論主語是第幾人稱，還是單、復數，在主語後面加上did not （而不是do not ,或 does not）就可以了。
否定式did not 常用縮寫形式didn』t 。
○He didn』t have classes this morning.
今天上午他沒課.
○You didn』t do your best to do it.
你沒有盡力去做。
3.一般動詞過去時的疑問句
Did he go there?
他去那了嗎？
Yes, he did. (No, he didn』t .) 是的，他去了。 （不，他沒去。）
When did you get up this morning? At six.
今天早晨你幾點鍾起床的？ 六點鍾。
一般動詞過去時一般疑問句的結構和一般現在時一般疑問句的結構一樣，無論主語是第幾人稱，單數、復數，在主語前面加上did即可。
○Did Tom go with you?
湯姆和你一起去的嗎？
Yes, he did . (No, he didn』t .)
是的。（不，不是的）
○How many subjects did you study last term?
上學期你們學習幾門功課？
We studied seven.
我們學習七門課。
比較一般動詞的現在時和過去時
一般現在時
一般過去時
肯定句
I go ~.
He goes ~.
I went ~.
He went ~.
否定句
I don』t go ~.
He doesn』t go ~.
I didn』t go ~.
He didn』t go ~.
疑問句
Do you go ~?
Does he go ~ ?
Did you go ~?
Did he go ~?
◆一般過去時的基本用法
1.帶有確定的過去時間狀語時，要用過去時
如：yesterday (昨天) , two days ago（兩天前）, last year（去年）., the other day（前幾天）, once upon a time（過去曾經） , just now（剛才）, in the old days（過去的日子裡）, before liberation（解放前）, when I was 8 years old（當我八歲時）.
2.表示過去連續發生的動作時，要用過去時
這種情況下，往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語，而通過上下文來表示。
○The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain , and died.
那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒，看看船長，然後就去世了。
3.表示過去一段時間內經常反復的動作。
常與always, never 等連用。
○Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.
彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。
（只是說明她過去的動作，不表明她現在是否常帶著傘。）
試比較：
○Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.
彼得太太老是帶著傘。
（說明這是她的習慣，表明她現在仍然還習慣總帶著一把傘。）
○I never drank wine.
我以前從不喝酒。
（不涉及到現在，不說明現在是否喝酒。）
4.如果強調已經終止的習慣時要用used to do
○He used to drink.
他過去喝酒。
（意味著他現在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了。）
5.有些句子，雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語，但實際上是指過去發生的動作或存在的狀態的話，也要用過去時，這一點，我們要特別注意。
○I didn』t know you were in Pairs.
我不知道你在巴黎。
（因為在說話時，我已經知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話前，所以只能用過去時表示。實際上，這句話暗指：But now I know you are here.）
○I thought you were ill.
我以為你病了呢。
（這句話應是在說話前，我以為你病了，但是現在我知道你沒病。）
七、反意疑問句
█.反意疑問句 (Tag questions)
在陳述句之後加上一個意思與之相反的簡短問句，這種句子叫做反意疑問句。反意疑問句必須由意思相反的兩部分組成，在前一部分（陳述句）之後用逗號，後一部分（簡短問句）之後用問號。反意疑問句的否定句必須用縮略形成，同時它的主語必須用人稱代詞，不能用名詞。前一部分用降調，後一部分在表示疑問句時用升調。
反意疑問句分為兩類：
1.前一部分為肯定式，後一部分是否定式。
2.前一部分為否定式，後一部分是肯定句。
★陳述句（肯定式），+ 疑問部分（否定式）？
1.be 動詞和一般動詞（實意動詞）構成的反意疑問句
be動詞句型
現在…… ,isn』t (aren』t ) + 主語？
過去……, wasn』t (weren』t ) + 主語？
一般動詞句型：
現在…… , don』t (doesn』t ) + 主語？
過去…… , didn』t + 主語？
◇The pen is yours, isn』t it?
這筆是你的，不是嗎？
◇Lucy likes English, doesn』t she?
露西喜歡英語，不是嗎？
Yes, she does. 是的，她喜歡。
No, she doesn』t 不，她不喜歡。
2.情態動詞的反意疑問句
◇Your brother can swim, can』t he?
你的哥哥會游泳，不是嗎？
Yes, he can.
No, he can』t.
◇We have to finish it, don』t we?
我們不得不完成它，不是嗎？
Yes, we do.
No, we don』t.
◇The workers had to take the first bus, didn』t they?
工人們不得不上頭班車，不是嗎？
Yes, they did.
No, they didn』t.
★陳述句（否定式），+ 疑問句（肯定句）？
這種反意疑問句的結構和第一部分一樣，只不過顛倒一下肯定句和否定句的位置。 這部分的難點在於回答，回答和漢語習慣不同。 在這種問句中，先不要管yes和no ，按實際情況，如果答語是肯定式的，就要用Yes + 肯定結構，如果答語是否定的，就要用No+ 否定結構
◇You aren』t a teacher, are you?
你不是老師，是嗎？
Yes, I am. 不，我是。
No, I am not. 是的，我不是。
◇You don』t study Chinese, do you?
你們不學中文，是嗎？
Yes, we do. 不，我們學中文。
◇Your classmates didn』t have a good time last summer, did they?
你的同學們去年暑假沒過好，是嗎？
Yes, they did. 不，他們過得很好。
No, they didn』t. 是的，他們過的不好。
★其他類型的反意疑問句
1.祈使句的反意疑問句
a．在肯定的祈使句後，為了使祈使句聽起來比較婉轉、客氣，可加一個簡短的問句，如：Will you? would you? won』t you? can you ? could you ? can』t you?最常見的是will you ？或 won』t you?
◇Open the window, will you?
請打開窗子，好嗎？
b.在let』s 祈使句後加上shall we? 或 shan』t we? 在let us (me , him…)後加上will you? 或won』t you?
2.陳述部分如果有表示否定意義的某些詞，如：never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nobody, no one, nothing, neither…,疑問部分必須用肯定式。
3.陳述部分是there be 結構時，疑問部分用there，省略主語代詞。
4.陳述句部分如果有everything, nothing …. 表示事物的詞作主語時，疑問部分的主語用it ，陳述部分如果有everyone , no one, someone ….. 表示人的不定代詞作主語時，疑問部分常用they （有時也用he）.
◇Everything here is dirty, isn』t it?
這的所有東西都臟，不是嗎？
八、邀請和應答、請求許可
█英語中表達請求允許的句型很多，在不同的場合要用不同的句式來表達。
1.常見表示「請求」「允許」的句式。
① May I …? 我可以干……嗎？
② Can / Could I … ? 我能幹……嗎？
③ Shall I / we … ? 我/咱們干……好嗎？
④Would you like / love to …? 你願意干……嗎？
⑤Will (would) you please…? 請你干……好嗎？
⑥What / How about doing …? 干……怎麼樣？
2.常見「應答」的句式：
①Yes, of course. 當然可以。
②Sure/ Certainly. 當然可以。
③That』s OK. / That』s all right. 好吧，行。
④Yes, please. 好的，請（做吧）。
⑤I』d love / like to. 很樂意。
⑥With pleasure. 很樂意。
⑦Good idea! 好主意。
3.表示「不允許」的答語有：
①I』m sorry, but …… 對不起，不過……
②I』m sorry , but …. 對不起,你不能。
③You』d better not …. 你最好別……
④I』m afraid I can』t. 恐怕我不行。
⑤No, thanks. 不，謝謝。
⑧ 初二年級上冊英語重點句型和語法
unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player
【復習目標】
復習有關職業的英文表達方式 / 未來計劃的制定
談論未來自己與他人理想的職業及原因 / 談論為實現理想所做出的打算和安排
【語言目標】
● What are you going to be when you grow up I'm going to be a computer programmer.
● How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.
【語言結構】
● be going to 表示將來 want to be what, where, when, how 引導的特殊疑問句
【重點詞彙】
● computer programmer, professional, engineer, pilot
● computer science, dream job, grow up, move to , fashion, show, retire, save
● resolution, get good, grades, get a part-time job, make more friends
【應掌握的片語】
1. grow up 長大,成長
2. computer science計算機科學
3. be going to do 表示主觀打算,准備或有信心做某事
4. computer programmer 電腦程序設計人
5. baseball player 棒球運動員
6. take acting lessons上演技課
7. professional basketball player職業籃球運動員
8. practice basketball練習籃球
9. move somewhere=move to somewhere搬到(不具體的)某一地方
10. sound like 聽起來像……
11. part-time 兼職的,full-time 全職的,全日制的
12. a year or two 一兩年=one or two years;
an hour or two=one or two hours一兩個小時
a day or two=one or two days一兩天
13. my dream job我夢想的工作
14. what I want to do 我想做的事情
15. somewhere interesting有趣的地方
16. a reporter for fashion magazine 時裝雜志記者
17. save some money 積蓄一些錢,攢錢
18. at the same time與此同時
19. hold art exhibition舉辦美術展覽
20. all over the world全世界,世界各地
21. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安靜而美麗的地方
22. send sth. to sb. 將某物發送給某人
23. I'm not sure yet我還沒有定下來
24. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奧運會
25. New Year's resolutions新年的決心
26. play an instrument 彈一種樂器
27. get a part-time job找到一份兼職工作
28. make the soccer team組建足球隊
29. get good grades獲得好成績
30. eat healthier food吃健康的食物
31. get lots of exercise多進行體育鍛煉
32. take guitar lessons上吉他課
33. I really love music我酷愛音樂
34. sounds interesting聽起來很有意思
35. communicate with sb.與某人交流
36. a foreign language teacher 一份當外語教師的工作
37. keep fit 保持身體健康
38. work harder in school 在學校里更努力學習
39. make one's resolution 表決心
40. after high school=leave school中學畢業後
41. international magazines 國際雜志社
42. the exchange students留學生
43. have a welcome party 召開一個歡迎會
【應掌握的句子】
1. I am going to be a basketball player. 我想成為一名籃球運動員.
2. How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.你打算怎樣做 我打算學習計算機科學.
3. Being a computer programmer is his dream.當一名電腦程序設計人是他的夢想.
4. Cheng Han is going to be an actor. 程漢想要當一名演員.
5. Where is Cheng Han going to move He's going to move to New York. 程漢打算要搬到哪裡去 他打算要搬到紐約去.
6. Where are you going to work 你打算在哪裡工作
I'm not sure yet.我還沒有定下來.
Maybe Beijing or Shanghai.也許在北京或上海吧.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room
【復習目標】
如何禮貌地提出要求,禮貌地請求允許做某事.
寫留言條以請求他人的幫助.
【語言目標】
Could you take out the trash Sure.
Could I borrow the car Sorry, but I need it, I have to go to a meeting,
I have to make the bed and do the laundry.
【語言結構】
用Could委婉地表示請求
用could委婉地請求許可
make與do的區別
【重點詞彙】
● do the chores, do the dishes, sweep the floor, take out the trash, fold the clothes,
clean the living room, do the laundry, wash the car
● buy some drinks and snacks, borrow some money, invite your friends
● teenager, hate / take care of / feed
【應掌握的片語】
1. could you please…你能……嗎 /請你干…….好嗎
2. do the dishes 洗餐具
3. sweep the floor清掃地板
4. take out the trash倒垃圾
5. make one's bed鋪床
6. fold one's clothes疊衣服
7. clean the living room 清掃客廳
8. stay out late晚歸
9. his father's reason他父親的理由
10. get a ride搭車
11. use one's computer 使用某人的電腦
12. hate sth./to do sth.討厭某事/做某事
13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服
14. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做飯
15. wash the car刷車16. work on 從事,忙於
17. work at學習,致力於,在……上下工夫
18. borrow some money借一些錢
19. invite sb. to do sth邀請某人做某事
20. go to the store去商店
21.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事
22. agree with sb. =agree with what one says同意某人的意見
23.(需了解) make a deal作成交易
make a face做鬼臉;
make a fool of捉弄,使出洋相
make friends with與……交朋友
make a name for himself成名
make a note of注意,記下來
make free with擅自使用
make fun of取笑
make…into把……作成,使變成
make it成功,到達某處
make one's living維持生活
make one's way to前往某處
make room騰出地方
make up編造
make use of利用
24. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入)
25. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借給某人某物(借出)
26.ask for要求得到,要求見到
27. take care of = look after照顧,照看,照料
take good care of=look after…well
28. need some help需要一些幫助
29. come over過來
30. get angry生氣
31. have a test考試
32. make a clean sweep of 徹底掃除
【應掌握的句子】
1.Could you please clean your room 請你打掃一下你的房間好嗎
2.Could you please open the door for me 請你替我開門,好嗎
3.I hate to do chores.我討厭做家務.
4.Tell your partner your answer to activity 1a. Does your partner agree 把你對活動1a的答案告訴你的搭檔.你的搭檔同意嗎
5.Thanks for taking care of my dog. 感謝你照看我的狗.
6.You are having a party. Ask your partner for help. Talk about these things.
你要開一個晚會.向你的搭檔尋求幫助.談論這些事情.
7.Take him for a walk. 帶它出去散步.
Give him water and feed him. 給它喝水,並喂它食物.
Then wash his bowl. Play with him. 然後,把它的碗洗洗.和它一起玩.
Don't forget to clean his bed. 不要忘了把它的床鋪清掃干凈.
8. 媽媽說我可以在我家舉行同學聚會.
星期六你過來的時候,能幫我清掃地板嗎
9.I'm going to move to a new house! I need some help.我要搬入新房子,需要幫助
Unit 12 what's the best radio station
【復習目標】
單音節形容詞,多音節形容詞和特殊形容詞的比較級和最高級形式
進行簡單的比較,並表達自己的好惡
【語言目標】
what's the best cinema Showtime cinema, it's the cheapest.
Jason's has good quality clothes. It's better than Trendy Teens.
Jason's is the best store in town.
【語言結構】
用-(i)est, the most表示最高級
不規則的形容詞和比較級和最高級形式good, better, the best, bad, worse the worst
【重點詞彙】
● theater, cinema / trendy, quality, comfortable, close to
● seat, screen, jeans, / performer, radio station
【應掌握的片語】
1. the best radio station最好的無線電台
2. comfortable seats舒適的椅子
3. big screens大屏幕
4. friendly service友好的服務
5. new movies新電影
6. close to home離家近
7. in a fun part of town 在城鎮鬧區
8. Town Cinema城鎮電影院
9. Screen City大屏幕影視城
10. Movie Palace電影藝術宮
11. Jeans Corner牛仔廣角
12.Trendy Teens時髦少年服裝店
13. Easy Listening輕松聽力
14. have good quality clothes服裝質量好
15. in town在城裡, in the city在城市裡
in the country在鄉下
16. the beat clothing store最好的服裝店
17. do a survey of 對…進行調查
18. all the movie theaters所有的電影院
19. the most interesting music最有趣的音樂
20.be(get, become, feel) interested in 對…感興趣
21.positive words肯定的詞語
22. negative words否定的詞語
23. the most creative最有創造力的
24. the most boring最煩人的
25. the math teacher數學老師
26. a great success巨大的成功
27. win the prize for贏得……的獎項
28. without music沒有音樂伴奏下
29. the funniest actor最滑稽的演員
30. the worst movie最差的電影
31. action movies動作片
32. beautiful beaches美麗的海灘
33. in the north of China在中國的北部
34. an Ice and Snow Festival冰雪節
35. Central Park 中心公園
36. leader of a band樂隊指揮
37. Forbidden City紫禁城
38. elementary school 小學
【應掌握的句子】
1. What's the best radio station 哪一家是最好的廣播電台
2. How do you choose what movie theater to go to 你如何選擇去哪一家影劇院.
3. I think Gold Theater has the most comfortable seats.我認為黃金劇院的座位最舒適.
4. What do young people think about places in town 年輕人認為我們鎮里的場所怎麼樣
5. The film is interesting.這電影令人感興趣.
6. Where are we going for lunch 我們到哪裡吃午飯
7. My sister Isabel is the funniest person I know.我妹妹伊莎貝爾是我知道的最滑稽的人.
李先生是我認識的最好的老師.
8. Last week's talent show was a great success.上個星期的才藝表演獲得了巨大的成功.
名人才藝表演好極了.
9. He danced without music.在沒有音樂伴奏的情況下,他跳了一曲.
⑨ 初一到初二英語所有句型 語法 短語
英語作文加分短語： 1.kinds of 各種各樣的
2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中國清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的盡頭，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及時
13. make one』s way to…往……（艱難地）走去
14. just then 正在那時
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走錯路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵鬧，喧嘩
19. get on 上車
20. get off 下車
21. stand in line 站隊
22. waiting room 候診室，候車室
23. at the head of……在……的前頭
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 亂丟，拋散
26. in fact 實際上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one』s temperature 給某人體溫
31. have/get a pain in…某處疼痛
32. have a headache 頭痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反復地
38. wake up 醒來，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 檢查
41. take exercise運動
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按時
45. out of從……向外
46. all by oneself 獨立，單獨
47. lots of=a lot of 許多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回來，取回
50. sooner or later遲早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追趕
54. take sth. with sb. 某人隨身帶著某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顧，照料
56. think of 考慮到，想起
57. keep a diary 堅持寫日記
58. leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下
59. harder and harder 越來越厲害
60. turn on打開（電燈、收音機、煤氣等）
61. turn off 關