A. 誰可以幫我歸納初三上學期的英語語法和句型啊。。急！是新課標的版本。。
1、並列句基本概念：
並列復合句是由兩個或兩個以上並列而又獨立的簡單句構成。兩個簡單句常由並列連接詞連在一起；但有時不用連接詞,只在兩個簡單句之間用一逗號或分號。
2、常見的並列句：
(1)用來連接兩個並列概念的連接詞有and,not only…but also…,neither…nor…等,and所連接的前後分句往往表示先後關系、遞進關系。前後分句的時態往往保持一致關系,若第一個分句是祈使句,那麼第二個分句用將來時。
(2)表示在兩者之間選擇一個,常用的連接詞有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前後分句的時態往往保持一致關系,若第一個分句是祈使句,那麼第二個分句用將來時。
(3)表明兩個概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者轉折,常用的連接詞有but,yet,still,however等,前後分句時態一致。
(4)說明原因,用連接詞for,前後分句時態一致。
(5)表示結果,用連接詞so,前後分句時態一致。
主從復合句
1、概念：
主從復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成。主句為句子的主體,從句只用作句子的一個次要成分,不能獨立成為一個句子。從句通常由關聯詞引導,並由關聯詞將從句和主句聯系在一起。如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.(爺爺奶奶們很愛孩子,同時對他們也嚴格要求。)/It seemed as if the meeting would never end.(看起來會議沒完沒了。)/Hurry up,or(else) you'll be late.(快點,要不然就來不及了。)/However I cook eggs,the child still refuses to eat them.(不管我用什麼方法煮雞蛋,小孩還是不肯吃。)
2、分類：
從句按其在復合句中的作用,分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、定語從句和狀語從句等。（參見以下各條）
3、各從句在句子中的位置以及用法：
(1)表語從句：在句子中作連系動詞的表語的從句,它位於主句中的系動詞之後。
例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.
(2)賓語從句：在句子中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。
①基本形式：（主句＋）連詞+從句主語+從句謂語+...
②關於賓語從句連詞的選擇：
若從句來源於一個陳述句,那麼,連詞用that,在口語中that可以省略;
若從句來源於一個一般疑問句,連詞則用if或whether;
若從句來源於一個特殊疑問句,則連詞就是疑問詞(如what,who,where,when等)
例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他們相信計算機終將代替人類。)(從句本來就是陳述句) / I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster.(我不知道是不是該為他在校長跟前說點什麼。)(從句來源於一般問句 Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) /He asked me where he could get such medicine.(他問我在哪兒能搞到那樣的葯。)(從句來源於特殊問句Where can he get such medicine?)
③賓語從句的時態問題：如果主句是現在時,從句則用現在某一時態,甚至可以用過去時；
如主句是過去時,從句則相應地使用過去某一時態,遇到客觀真理時仍然用現在時。如：I think I will do better in English this term.(我想本學期我的英語會學得好點。)/The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round.(老師問那個男孩地球是不是圓的。)
④下列結構後面的從句一般也作為賓語從句看待：
Be sorry/afraid/sure/glad+that從句,如：I'm sorry I'm late.(對不起,我遲到了。)/I'm afraid he isn't in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。)
(3)狀語從句：在復合句中作狀語,其位置可以在主句前或主句後。狀語從句可以分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、比較、讓步、條件等幾種。狀語從句由從屬連接詞引導。
時間狀語從句通常由when,as,while,after,before,since,assoonas,since,till(until),while,whenever等引導。時間狀語從句一般放在句首或句尾,特別注意,時間狀語從句不允許使用將來時,而應該用現在時替代。如：When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam.(你完成工作就可以出去和Jim一起玩了。)/I won't leave until Mum comes back.(媽媽回來了我才會走。)
地點狀語從句通常由where,wherever等引導。如：Go back where you came from!(哪裡來還滾到哪裡去！)/I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be.(我永遠也不會忘記去抓住那個偷我項鏈的賊,無論他會在哪裡。)
原因狀語從句通常由because,since,as等引導,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him.(他出國了,因為他父親給他找了一所好大學。)
目的狀語從句通常由sothat...,so...hat...,inorderthat...等引導,往往放在句尾,從句中通常含有can/could/may/might等情態動詞。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train.(他起身更早為的是趕上第一班車。)
結果狀語從句通常由sothat...,so...that...等引導,放在句尾。結果狀語從句一般表示已經發生的事情,故多為過去時態。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one.(他丟了那麼多輛自行車,他決定再也不買新車了。)
比較狀語從句通常由as,than,as(so)...as等引導,一般省略從句的謂語部分,只剩下名詞或代詞(用主格或賓格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me.(Jane比我高多了。)/I don't have as many books as you (do).(我書沒有你多)
讓步狀語從句通常由though(although),as,evenif(eventhough),however,whatever等引導。如：Evenifyoupaythedebt(債務)for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me.(即使你替我還了債我也不會感謝你,因為它與我毫無關系。)/He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold.(他穿了一件T恤衫,盡管天很冷。)
條件狀語從句通常由if,unless,aslongas等引導,條件狀語從句一般放在句首或句尾,特別注意,時間狀語從句不允許使用將來時,而應該用現在時替代。You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder.(即將來到的期末考試你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。)/If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we shall go hiking.(如果明天不下雨我們就要去徒步旅行。)
[注意]1、because與so；(al)though與but；if與so不可以同在一個句子中成對出現。
2、時間、條件、原因,讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用逗號與主句隔開。
(4)定語從句：在復合句中作定語用修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。
①定語從句的位置：放在名詞或代詞的後面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.(手上抓了一把雨傘的人是我的叔叔。)
②語法術語的改變：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞；引導定語從句的連接詞稱為關系詞,其中that、which、who稱為關系代詞,where、when、how稱為關系副詞。
③關系代詞或關系副詞的作用：
關系代詞who、whom和whose指人,分別在從句中作主語、賓語和定語。which指物that多指物,有時也指人,它們在從句中可以作主語或賓語。定語從句中關系代詞作從句賓語時可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days.(這個就是我們近日一直在找的小偷。) /Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in.(請找一間足夠大能住下我們全體的房間。)
關系副詞when或where引導定語從句時,它們在從句中分別作時間狀語和地點狀語。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.(這是一個星期前他們吵架的房間。)/I can never forget the day when I first saw you.(我永遠不會忘記第一次見到你的日子。)
④限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句在句中不能省略,否則主句意思就不完整。非限制性定語從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開,這種從句是一種附加說明,如果從句子中省去,也不致於影響主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of.(她一個晚上都在談論她最近的書,我們一個人都沒有聽說過那本書。)
[註解]
1、關系代詞只能用that的情況：
當先行詞是指事物的不定代詞(all,anything等),或先行詞部分含有最高級,或含有序數詞時,不能用其他的關系代詞,只能用that.如：All that Lily told me seems untrue.(Lily告訴我的話似乎不真 實。) /Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能給我點裡面沒有糖的東西？) /This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city.(這是第一輛運行於我市的雙層公交車。)
2、關系代詞在從句中作主語時一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物。
如：Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner?(你認識那個在角落裡哭泣的女人嗎？)/Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me.(跟我無關的話,請一個字也不要說。)
3、關系代詞作從句的賓語時,常用which或whom,較少使用that或who,而且,關系代詞常常省略。
如：Tom's father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom的父親是我們老師第一個談話的人。)
4、當關系代詞緊跟在介詞後面時,必須用which或whom,而當介詞移到句尾時,則又可以使用that或who.
如：This is the room in which Miss Lionce lived. (=This is the room Miss Lionce lived in.) (這是李小姐曾經居住過的房間。)
(5)主語從句：在句子中充當句子主語的從句叫主語從句。位於謂語動詞之前。通常由that,whether以及疑問連詞引導。一般情況下,常用it替代主語從句,而將主語從句移到句尾。如：When we should start is still a question.(我們該在什麼時候開始還是個問題呢。)
直接引語和間接引語
1、直接引語和間接引語：在陳述句中,直接引用說話人原來的語句,稱為直接引語。在書寫時,直接引語用引號。用自己的詞語來轉述表達原來說話人說的內容,稱為間接引語。
2、直接引語改變為間接引語：
1、直接引語如果是陳述句,變為間接引語時應注意以下各點：
①不用引號,而用連接詞that,但有時可省略。
②人稱作相應變化；
③主句里的動詞如果是過去時,間接引語中的時態一般應作相應改變：一般現在時變一般過去時；一般將來時變過去將來時；現在進行時變過去進行時；現在完成時變成過去完成時；一般過去時變成過去完成時；但一般過去時如與一個具體的過去時間連用,則時態不變。
如：He says,
B. 誰有初三英語上冊1~6單元的語法和試題有答案的
語法小結
1. 賓語從句
句子的賓語由一個完整的句子來充當的復合句叫賓語從句。
句型： 主 + 謂 + 引導詞 + 賓語從句
eg: He said he would go to Beijing tomorrow. 他說明天要去北京。
I don』t know who borrowed my bike. 我不知道誰借走了我的自行車。
① 連接賓語從句的連詞有that,（that在口語中常省略）whether, if和連接代詞what, which, who, whom及連接副詞when, where, how, why, 學習賓語從句的關鍵要抓以下幾點：
（that- 不擔任成份，無詞義，可省略；
if- 不擔任成份，有詞義，不可省略
wh- 擔任成份，有詞義，不可省略）
② 時態的一致：即主句的時態與從句時態的一致。
賓語從句中如果主句是現在的時態（即指一般現在時，現在進行時，現在完成時）從句的時態可根據實際情況而定。
eg: I tell him that I will go to Beijing tomorrow. 我告訴他我明天要去北京。
I tell him I bought a new bike yesterday. 我告訴他我昨天買了一輛新自行車。
I have head that he will come. 我已經聽說他要來。
賓語從句中如果主句是過去的時態（指一般過去時，過去進行時）那麼從句的時態要用相應的過去進態（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。
eg: I knew where he lived. 我知道他住在哪裡。
He said he had seen the film. 他說他已經看過電影了。
He asked me if everybody was here. 他問我那裡是否有人。
時態補充：
注意：如果從句所表述的是一個客觀真理，那麼不管主句的謂語動詞是什麼時態，從句的謂語動詞一律用一般現在時。
eg: The teacher told us that the sun rises from the east. 老師告訴我們太陽從東方升起。
③ 語序的變化：在賓語從句中，無論從句是陳述名還是疑問句都統統要求用陳述句語序來表達。
陳述句變為賓語從句時，語序不變。
eg: 陳述句：He is an honest man.
賓從：I said (that) he was an honest man.
一般疑問句變為賓語從句時，語序變為陳述句，用whether，if連接。
eg: 一般疑問句：Does he study hard?
賓從：I wonder if (whether) he studies hard.
一般疑問句：Will they be back after 3 hours?
賓從：He asked if they would be back after 3 hours.
特殊疑問句變為賓語從句時，語序要變為陳述句語序，保留原句的特殊疑問詞，用作引導詞。
特殊：What』s your name?
賓從：He asked what your name was.
特殊：Where did you go?
The man asked where you went.
2. 現在完成時
① 現在完成時在初中范圍主要是兩種用法：其一：表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的結果或影響；其二：表示動作發生於過去並持續到現在。
與現在完成時連用的時間狀語有：
yet , already , just , recently……
now , today , tonight , ……
since引導的時間狀語或時間狀語從句。
for構成的表示一段時間的狀語。
eg. We have lived in Beijing since I was born .
自從我出生我們就在北京居住了。
He has been away from his hometown for twenty years .
他離開家鄉已有二十年了。
—Have you received a letter from your uncle recently ?
—Yes . I got it yesterday afternoon .
你最近收到你叔叔的來信了嗎？收到了。我是昨天收到的。
② 一般過去時與現在完成時的用法比較：
一般過去時只單純表示過去的動作或狀態，和現在不發生聯系，它可以和確定的表示過去的時間狀語連用。而現在完成時表示某一完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，強調的是現在的情況，因此它不可以和確切的表示過去的時間狀語連用。
請比較：
Mr Green has read the book three times .
格林先生已經把這本書讀了三遍了。（說明對這本書有印象，有所了解。）
Mr Green read the book yesterday.
格林先生昨天讀了這本書。（只說明他昨天看了這本書這一事實，強調看書的動作在昨天發生的。）
③ 有些時間狀語如this morning , tonight , this month等，既可用於一般過去時，也可用於現在完成時，但所表達的意義有所不同。用於現在完成時表示包括「現在」在內，而用於一般過去時則與「現在」無關。
They have got the message this March .
他們三月已經得知了這個消息。（講話時仍然是四月份。）
They got the message this March.
他們三月份得知的這個消息。（講話時四月份已過）。
They have solved two problems this afternoon.
他們今天下午已經解決了兩個問題。（講話時仍然是下午），
They solved two problems this afternoon.
今天下午他們解決了兩個問題。（講話時下午已過）
三、本階段日常交際用語小結
Unit 1
--- Excuse me, have you got …?
--- Yes, I have. ( Sorry, I haven』t.)
--- Why don』t you …?
--- Thanks, I will.
--- Thanks a lot. ( Thanks very much.)
--- You are welcome.
--- Have you ever done…?
--- Yes, I have, once. ( No, never.)
--- I』ve just done…
--- Really?
Unit 2
---What』s …like ?
--- How long have you been…?
--- Since…
--- Have you ever been to…?
--- I』ve never been there. ( None of us has./ Only …has. )
--- Have you ever done…?
--- Yes, I have, once. ( No, never.)
--- Would you like to have a try?
--- I don』t think I can…
Unit 3
--- How long have you been…?
--- I have been … for…
--- What have you done since…?
--- How long have you been at this …?
--- For…
--- How long has she/ he worked there…?
--- She』s / He』s worked there for… / all her / his life.
Unit 4
--- I』m sorry he isn』t here right now.
--- May I help you?
--- That』s very kind of you.
--- Yes, that』s would be fine/ok.
--- I』ll leave a message on his desk.
Unit 5
---Could we go scuba diving?
--- Could you tell us how long we』re going to be away?
--- Let』s try to find some information about it, OK?
--- Could you please tell me how to search the Internet?
--- Go straight along here.
---Please go to Gate 12.
--- Please come this way.
--- Could you tell me what you think about Hainan Island?
--- That sounds really cool!
四、本階段詞語辨析練習
A. maybe, may be
用maybe或may be填空。
1. _____ he will get the first prize.
2. She _____ the daughter of Mr. White.
3. The meeting will last for three hours _____ .
4. Who _____ your new teacher?
B. borrow, lend, keep, use
中英互譯下列句子。
1. 我不想把傘借給他。
2. 這盤錄像帶你想借多久？
3. 我能用一下你的桌子嗎？
4. Jim asked me to lend him my computer.
5. You can use our room.
C. leave, leave for
中英互譯下列句子。
1. 他們將於下午五點離開北京。
2. 你的書包拉在圖書館了。
3. She left without saying a word.
4. The bus is leaving for Nanjing.
D. since, for
用since或for填空。
1. He has been disabled ______ he was born.
2. The rain has lasted ______ a whole day.
3. We all admiblack him ______ his will power.
4. You』d better tell her _____ she is wrong.
5. We have begun the experiment _______ 1987.
E. too, also, either, neither
請用too, also, either或neither填空。
1. I agree with you, _____.
2. She doesn』t like her mother, _____.
3. _____ he nor we are League Members.
4. He will _____ give you some good suggestions.
5. You can use ______ of the phones, because both of them are broken.
6. Do you like sandwiches, ______?
F. find, look for, find out
請用find, look for或find out填空。
1. It』s not easy to _____ a job in this city.
2.She ______ her shoes everywhere, but ______ nothing.
3. I_____ English was one of the most important languages.
4. The poor dog is _____ food in the snow.
5.He thought for a long while, and ______ who told a lie.
G. except, besides
用except或besides填空。
1. All the students passed exam _____ me. I』m very sad.
2. Nobody could find the building _____ her.
3. I have another recorder ______ this one. I like both of them.
4. The workers went to the factory at 8:00 _____ uncle Wang, he is ill today.
H. bad, badly
用bad或badly填空。
1. What a _____ day! I have to stay at home.
2. Mr. Smith didn』t go to work because he was ______ ill.
3. They lived in a ______ condition.
4. He ______ behaved in the party.
5. Why did you act so _____ ?
I. die, dead, death. dying
中英互譯下列句子。
1. He died in 1879.
2. Let』s help the dying bird.
3. She became quiet after her son』s death.
4. 你奶奶去世有多久了？
5. 那些玫瑰花快要死了。
6. 沒有人聽說他的死。
五、練習答案
A.
1. Maybe 2. may be 3. maybe 4. may be
B.
1. I don』t want to lend him my umbrella.
2. How long do you want to keep the video tape?
3. Could I use your desk?
4. 吉姆要我把電腦借給他。
5. 你可以用我們的房間。
C.
1. They will leave Beijing at 5:00pm.
2. Your bag is left in the library.
3. 她一言未發地走了。
4. 這趟車即將開往南京。
D.
1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since
E.
1. too 2. either 3. Neither 4. also 5. neither 6. too
F.
1. find 2. looked for, found 3. found 4. looking for 5. found out
G.
1. except 2. except/ besides 3. besides 4. except
H.
1. bad 2. badly 3. bad 4. badly 5. badly
I.
1. 他死於1879年。
2. 我們幫幫這只快死的鳥吧。
3. 他兒子死後她變得沉默了。
4. How long has your grandma been dead?
5. Those roses are dying.
6. Nobody heard about his death.
C. 初三上學期的英語語法有哪些
英語語法以及基礎也就是在初中這個階段就打好基礎，如果這個階段出錯，以後很難有所提高版。老師上課時權筆記要認真做，不僅要做，還要把它記在腦海里，通過練習可以得到鞏固。初中語法沒什麼太深的內容，你想想英語語法無非分成時態和語態，如果你基礎好就不必花冤枉錢買那麼多語法書啃，課堂45分鍾十分重要。
D. 初三英語語法
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 記得採納O(∩_∩)O哈！
九年級英語復習---語法講解（1-7單元）
Unit1
By是個很常用的介詞（有時也用作副詞），在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種： 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲？ 3.表示方法、手段，可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激，於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用，說明接觸身體的某一部分。如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中，表示行為主體，常譯作「被」、「由」等。如： English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。（即「許多人講英語。」） 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」，常做插入語。如： By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下，李平在哪兒。你知道嗎？ 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如： I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後，越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing，相當於名詞，在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1）★作主語（這種用法常考）
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2）作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎？3）作表語Babysister』s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服，作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used這個詞沒有人稱的變化，to後面接動詞原形。
否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒？
（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語，而用didn』t ＋ 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙，是嗎？Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。
（3）used to 表示過去的習慣動作， 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用，描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員，但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short.馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態，人稱和數的變化，其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化： 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例，列表說明被動語態的句式變化：
二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下： 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的，be是什麼時態，全句就是什麼時態，be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。一般現在時的被動語態為：主＋am / is / are （not）＋過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態為：主＋was / were ＋過去分詞
例如：我們學過的was / were born 生於，就是一個被動語態.born是個過去分詞（bear）－When were you born ? －I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋is / am / are + being ＋過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語＋have / has ＋been ＋過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語＋will ＋be ＋過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語＋would / should + be ＋過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語＋was / were + being ＋過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語＋had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法：（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰，不用by＋動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
（2）強調動作的承受者，這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
（3）作客觀說明時，常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是：（1）把原句中的賓語變為主語（2）動詞改為被動形式，即be+過去分詞（3）原來的主語，如果需要的話，放在by後面，如果沒必要，可省略。請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou． They use this key for locking the classroom door．Many people speak English．He wrote a letter．They are building a road． Trains are made in Zhuzhou．This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them)．English is spoken by many people．A letter was written by him．A road is being built (by them)．
Unit4
虛擬語氣：如果我們所說的不是事實，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意：條件句分兩種，真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實）條件句中，才用虛擬語氣，而在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。
請比較：
（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好，我們將會去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的，並非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實條件句。在本句中，適用「主將從現。」
（2）If I were you , I would go at once.
（如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，「如果我是你」，但事實上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設的情況，沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時，就需要用虛擬語氣來表示，動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時，從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」，引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時，be動詞只能用were，而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦？」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 ：get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
「if」引導的條件句。
Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can』t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑問句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √
√
√
√
can』t
can ★ √
√
1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary』s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali』s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda』s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can』t be John』s. (不可能)
It』s much too small for him.
練習：1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can』t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That』s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can』t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn』t B. shouldn』t C. can』t D. may not
Unit6
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
↓
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.
↓
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.
↓
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
↓
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時，有如下要點：
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用，又在從句中充當一個成分，因此， 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能，如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時，關系代詞可用who（做主語，賓語），that（做主語，賓語），whom（作賓語），whose（作定語）
3 當先行詞指物時，關系代詞可用that（做主語，賓語），which（做主語，賓語）
4 再定語從句中，作賓語的關系代詞長可省略，但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時，介詞後只用whom，指物時，介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中，指人時，只用who，指物時，只用which。
1．定語從句中that與who、which的區別
2．定語從句中關系詞的省略
典型例題
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
解析：指事物的先行詞前有序數詞修飾時，只能用關系代詞that。故本題的正確答案是D。
2. I don』t think history is as interesting as English.（改為同義詞）
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析：答案是：less; than。意思是「我認為歷史不如英語有趣」。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.（改為同義句）
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析：讀題後可知：上句含義是「戴帽子的那個婦女旭我的媽媽」，對應下句，可知空格處應填「戴」，故正確答案是in。
選擇填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike．
A．which B．what C．who D．／
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice．
A．which B．what C．／ D．who
3. I』m one of the students _______well in English in my class．
A．who does B．who do C．which does D．who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A．that B．where C．which D．the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us．
A．what B．which C．why D．that
Unit7
表達意願的幾個基本句子
a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案：a. I hope to b. I』d like to c. I』d love to d. I want to
She would like to go to New York. （對劃線部分提問）
答案：Where would she like to go?
注意：where在本句中為副詞，go後面不能再加to，而Which city would she like to go to? 中which為代詞。
九年級英語復習---語法講解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種：
1.動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞，後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時，謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有：
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be
E. 九年級英語語法復習
Unit 1
重點片語：
1.by making flashcards 通過做單詞抽認卡
2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3.read aloud 朗讀
4.that way (=in that way) 通過那種方式
5.improve my speaking skills
提高我的會話技巧
6.for example (=for instance)例如
7.have fun 玩得高興
8.have conversations with friends
與朋友對話
9.get excited 高興，激動
10.end up speaking in Chinese
以說漢語結束對話
11.do a survey about… 做有關…的調查
12.keep an English notebook 記英語筆記
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英語口語
14.make mistakes 犯錯誤
15.get the pronunciation right 使發音準確
16.practise speaking English 練習說英語
17.first of all 首先
18.begin with 以…開始
19.later on 隨後
20.in class在課堂上
21.laught at 嘲笑
22.take notes 記筆記
23.enjoy doing 喜歡干…
24.write down 寫下，記下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查詢
26.native speakers 說本族話的人
27.make up 編造，虛構，化妝，打扮
28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 對待，處理，解決
30.worry about (be worried about) 擔心，擔憂
31.be angry with 生某人的氣
32.stay angry 生氣
33.go by 消逝
34. regard…as… 把…當做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨
36. change…into… 把…變成… （= turn into）
37.with the help of 在…的幫助下
38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比較
39.think of (think about) 想起，想到
40.physical problems身體上的問題
41.break off 中斷，突然終止
42. not…at all 根本不，全然不
Unit 2 重點片語：
1. be more interested in 對…更感興趣.
2. on the swim team 游泳隊的隊員.
3. be terrified of 害怕.
4. gym class 體操課.
5. worry about. 擔心.
6. all the time 一直, 總是
7. chat with 與…閑聊
8. hardly ever 幾乎從不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by
bus 步行去學校
10. as well as 不僅…而且
11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩
12. make a decision 做出決定
13. to one』s surprise 使某人吃驚的是
14. take pride in 為…感到驕傲
15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…組成/構成.
be made up of 由…組成/構成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是
18. in the end 最後, 終於
19. play the piano 彈鋼琴
Unit 3 重點片語：
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干…
allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2.sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys
and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作
4. a driver』s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那個年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學期間的每個晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當與及物動詞) 清掃
10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試
12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學
14. concentrate on 全神貫注於
15. be good for 對…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結構)
18. learn from 向某人學習
19. at present 目前,現在
20. have an opportunity to do sth
有做…的機會
21.English-English dictionary
英英詞典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours』 sleep a night
每晚8小時的睡眠
24. an old people』s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花費時間干…
26. primary schools 小學
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復
29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業運動員
31. achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮
33. in the end 最後,終於
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing
在…上花費時間/金錢
36. care about 關心,擔心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
Unit 4 重點片語：
1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機構
2、medical research 醫學研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎麼樣？
4、get nervous 緊張
5、take a big exam 參加大考
6、help with 有助於
7、in public 在公共場合
8、hardly ever 幾乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 為經許可
11、be(make) friends with 與…交朋友
12、ask one』s permission 請求××的允許
13、introce…to… 把…介紹給…
14、invite…to do… 邀請…干…
15、social situations 社會環境
16、not… in the slightest 根本不，一點也不
17、right away 立刻，馬上
18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 對…友好
20、at lunch time 在午飯時間
21、a bit shy 有點害羞
22、English speech contest 英語演講比賽
23、represent the class 代表班級
24、come top 名列第一（前茅）
25、let … down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron.
28、the rest of the students 其餘的學生
be sure to do 相信…
be sure +that 從句
29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth
在做某事方面有經驗
30、deal with 對付，處理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意見、建議
33、by accident 偶然地，無意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
35、an internet friend 網友
Unit 5
一、重點片語：
1、be long to屬於 11、wear a suit穿西裝
2、listen to classical music聽古典音樂 12、make a movie拍電影
3、at school上學、求學、在學校 13、in our neighborhood在我們附近、在我們小區
4、go to the concert去聽音樂會 14、have fun玩耍、取鬧
5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道 15、his or her own idea她（他）自己的看法
6、a math test on algebra有關代數的數學考試 16、late night深夜
7、the final exam期末考試 17、an ocean of許許多多、無窮無盡的
8、because of因為 18、be care of=look out當心、小心
9、a present for his mother送給她媽媽的禮物 19、pretend to do sth假裝干…
10、run for exercise跑步鍛煉 20、use up用完、用光
Unit 6 重點片語：
1.expect to do sth.期望干……
expect sb. to do sth期望某人干……
2.catch up with追上，趕上
3.different kinds of music各種不同的音樂
4.quiet and gentle songs輕柔的歌曲
5. take…to… 帶……到……
6. remind…of…使某人想起或意識到……
7.her own songs她自己的歌曲
8.be important to對……重要
9.Yellow River黃河
10.Hong Tao』s latest movie洪濤最近的電影
11.over the years多年來
12.be sure to do sth.務必干……一定干……
13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中國攝影家之一
14.on display展覽，展出
15.come and go來來往往
16.can』t stand不能忍受
17.look for尋找
18.feel sick感到惡心，不舒服
19.have a great time玩得高興，過得愉快
20.to be honest說實話
21.be lucky to do幸運的是……
22.my six-month English course
我6個月的英語課
23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友
24.go for去找某人，想法得到某事物
25.stay healthy保持健康
26.French fries薯條
27.stay away from與……保持距離
28.be in agreement意見一致（後跟短語、句子）
29.barbecued meat烤肉
30.a tag question反意疑問句
31.be bad for對……有害
Unit7 重點片語：
1.go on vacation 去度假
2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越叢林
3.some day 有朝一日
4.one of the liveliest cities
最有活力的城市之一
5.be supposed to do sth. 應該干。
6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服
7.take a trip 去旅行
8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb為某人提供某物
9.be away 離開，遠離
10.the answer to the question 問題的答案
11.according to 根據。按照。
12.work as tour guides 做導游的工作
13.dream of 夢想，想到
14.less realistic dreams 不現實的夢想
15.be willing to do sth. 願意干。
16.achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
17.sail across the pacific 橫渡太平洋
18.hold on to 保持，不要放棄（賣掉）
19.take it easy 從容 輕松 不緊張
20.Niagara Falls 尼亞加拉大瀑布
21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲爾鐵塔
22.Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎聖母院
23.this time of year 一年中的這個時候
24.in general 通常 ,大體上, 一般而言
Unit8 重點片語：
1.clean up 把…打掃干凈
2.cheer up使振奮
3.put off推遲
4.give out分發
5.set up建立，創立
6.think up想出
7.put up張貼
8.fix up修理
9.take after與…相像
10.work out發展，成功
11.ask for要求
12.hungry people飢餓的人們
13.make a plan制定計劃
14.at once立刻
15….fill…with…把…裝滿
Unit9 重點片語：
1.be used for用來做…
2.be invented by由某人發明
3.light bulb電燈泡
4.the number of…的數量
5.by mistake 錯誤的
6.in the end 最後
7.salty enough足夠咸
8.by accident偶然，意外
9.not…until……直道…才
10.knock into撞上（某人）
Unit10 重點片語：
1.give sb. a ride順便送某人一程
2.come out 出現
3.run off跑掉
4.on time准時
5.break down壞掉
6.show up出席
7.set off出發
8.get married結婚
9.sell out賣光
10.wait for sb. to do等待某人做某事
F. 初三英語語法試題
D
National Day是專有搭配，國慶節，一般情況下不需加任何冠詞，但是如果有特回指某個國慶節的時候答也可以看情況搭配，比如去年的國慶節，the National Day last year,本題情況不需要加，選D
G. 九年級上學期英語1-6單元重要片語，句型，語法重點和用法！！
你花了我一個晚上的時間！希望能幫到你！
一、知識點
①英語有兩種語態：主動語態和補動語態
主動語態表示是動作的執行者
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者
Cats eat fish. （主動語態）貓吃魚。
Fish is eaten by cats. (被動語態)魚被貓吃。
②被動語態的構成
由「助動詞be ＋及物動詞的過去分詞」構成
助動詞be 有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be 作為連系動詞時完全一樣。
時態 被動語態結構 例句
一般現在 時 am
are +過去分詞
is English is spoken in many countries.
一般過去 時 was +過去分詞
were + 過去分詞 This bridge was built in 1989.
情 態
動 詞 can/should
may +be+過去分詞
must/…… The work must be done right now.
③被動語態的用法
當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者，或者只需強調動作的承受者時，要用被動語態。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動語態）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。
be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動語態）如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
讓/使（別人）做某事 get sth. done(過去分詞)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車
I want to have my hair cut. 我要理發.
4. enough 足夠
形容詞＋enough 如：beautiful enough 足夠漂亮
enough＋名詞 如：enough food 足夠食物
enough to 足夠…去做… 如：
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。
She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.請停止說話。
stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事 Please stop to speak. 請停下來說話。
6. 看起來好像…sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +從句
He seems to feel very sad.
It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。
7.倒裝句:
由so＋助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態動詞＋主語 意為：…也是一樣
Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.
She is a student. So am I. 她是一個學生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he. 她將去學校，他也是。
Tom can』t swim. Neither can John.
8. yet 仍然，還 常用在否定句或疑問句當中 可與although/though連用
9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經常熬夜到12點。
10. clean up 打掃 整理 如：
I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經打掃完了卧室。
11. 程度副詞：
always總是 usually經常 sometimes有時 never從不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我總是/經常/有時/從不上學遲到。
12. 曾經做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don』t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven』t.
13. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚)
go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船)
go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students
He is strict in the work.
15. take the test 參加考試
pass the test 通過考試 fail a test 考試失敗
16. the other day前幾天,不久前的一天.(用於過去時)
every other day = every two days 每隔一天 （每兩天）
17. agree 同意 反義詞 disagree不同意 動詞
agreement 同意 反義詞 disagreement 不同意 名詞
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容詞 使某人/某物保持…. 如：
We should keep our city clean.（cleaningⅹ）我們應該保持我們的城市干凈。
Don』t keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太久。
19. both…and… +動詞復數形式
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰學習(什麼) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學習英語
21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機會做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有機會做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少 at most 最多
24. 花費 take ,cost, spend , pay
It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +時間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off
off 不工作,不上班,不上學,不值班.
例: I think I』ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
They haven』t had a day off since last week. 從上周來,他們沒休息過一天.
26. reply to 答復某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙 如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學習。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 與think of 的區別
①當兩者譯為： 認為、想起、記著時，兩者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我經常想起那天。
②think about 還有「考慮」之意 ，think of 想到、想出時兩者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最後他想出了一個好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。
31. 對… 熱衷， 對…興趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。
be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。
32. practice doing 練習做某事 She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 關心某人 如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也 用於句中
either也 用於否定句且用於句末
too=as well 也 用於肯定句且用於句末
I am also a student. 我也是一個學生
I am a student too. 我也是一個學生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學生。
35.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做… allow doing sth 允許做…
36.stupid silly foolish 三個詞都有「蠢」的意思.但略有不同.stupid 程度最強,指智力 理解力 學習能力差. silly 指頭腦簡單,傻頭傻腦,使人覺得可笑,帶有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在口語中廣泛使用.
例: He is stupid in learning math. 他學習數學很笨.
Stop asking such silly questions. 別再問這樣傻的問題了.
You are foolish to throw away such a good chance.
你真蠢,丟掉這樣一個好機會.
37.He doesn』t seem to have many friends.
=It seems that he doesn』t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
38.clean (v.) 打掃,清理
clean up 比較徹底地打掃,清理 clean out 打掃,清理地最徹底.
39.concentrate on… 全神貫注做…
例: He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam.
This company concentrates on China market.
這家公司把重點放在中國市場上.
40. more…than…①與其說…不如說…; 比…更…
例: The man is more stupid than nervous.
與其說那人緊張,倒不如說他愚蠢.
②在這一結構中,more做adj. 修飾名詞,表示「比…多」
例:I have more books than you. 我的書比你的多.
41.volunteer ① n. 自願者. ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自願做…
例: We all volunteered to help in the old people』s home.
我們都志願到敬老院幫忙.
42. get in the way (of)... 妨礙...
例: He never gets in others』 way. 他從不妨礙別人.
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那裡會妨礙別人的.
43. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.)
44. only 處於句首,並後跟狀語時,全句需要倒裝.
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時,他才明白.
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學好.
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當她到家時,他才得知了這消息.
45. care about 關心,在乎,在意.
例: No one cares about others nowadays. 現在沒人關心別人.
I don』t care about what he does. 我並不在意他干什麼.
二、短語
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干…
allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作
4. a driver』s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那個年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學期間的每個晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當與及物動詞) 清掃
10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試
12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學
14. concentrate on 全神貫注於
15. be good for 對…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結構)
18. learn from 向某人學習
19. at present 目前,現在
20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機會
21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours』 sleep a night 每晚8小時的睡眠
24. an old people』s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花費時間干…
26. primary schools 小學
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復
29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業運動員
31. achieve one』s dreams 實現夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮
33. in the end 最後,終於
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花費時間/金錢
36. care about 關心,擔心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
三.句子
1. I don』t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我認為不應該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業.
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點.
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我們應該被允許更加經常的花些時間多做這類事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed?
你認為學校的哪些制度應該改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me.
這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.
只有這樣我才能實現我的夢想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
應該允許他們對業余愛好想練多長時間就練多長時間.
11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對他跑步.
H. 初三英語語法
connect with是和……有關,和……有聯系 的意思.如: He is connected with the murder.那件謀殺案和他有關.也可以這樣用:connect sth./sb with sb./sth.
connect to 的意思是 把……連接到……如:Please connect the computer to internet.把電腦連到網際網路上
另外connect +up是 連起來,接上 的意思
with是兩者之間相互的，TO是一方比較主動的
還有connect by ,如電力公司的廣告：connect by power
從connect這個單詞出發來看，它作為動詞，既能當及物動詞又可以作不及物動詞。 如果是單單一個connect的話，那它的意思就是：連接，把……聯系起來，作及物動詞用 比如：The two towns are connected by the railway. 那兩座城鎮由鐵路聯結了起來
如果式connect……to，那麼，connect在這里的意思就是：接通（電源，電話等），作及物動詞用。 如：They'll connect it to your room. 他們會把電話接到你房間去的
connect with，在這個片語時，connect的意思是：相連，銜接，做不及物動詞用。 如：This wire connects with that one. 這根電線與那根相連