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初三英語五到八單元語法

發布時間:2021-01-29 22:37:09

A. 八年級上冊英語,第5單元到第8單元Grammar. Focus翻譯

5單元:
你想看新聞嗎? 是的,我想。/不,我不想。
你今晚打算看什麼? 我打算看《過去的日子》。
你預料你在情景喜劇中會學到什麼? 你能學到一些好的笑話。
為什麼你喜歡看新聞? 因為我希望了解世界上發生的事。
你認為脫口秀怎麼樣? 我不在意它們。/我不能忍受他們!/我愛看他們!
6單元:
你長大後想成為什麼? 我想成為一位工程師。
你要怎麼做? 我要努力學習數學。
你要去哪工作? 我要去上海。
你要在什麼時候開始? 我要在完成我高中和大學的時候。
7單元:
未來將會是什麼樣子的? 城市將會更擁擠。和那兒將會有更少的樹。
人們將會在100年後使用錢嗎? 不,他們將不會的。任何東西都是免費的。
那兒的世界將會和平嗎? 是的,我希望如此。
小孩將會呆在家用電腦學習。 他們將不用去學校。
可數名詞 不可數名詞
那兒將會有更多的人。 那兒將會有更多的污染物。 將會=將會
那兒將會有更少的樹。 那兒將會有更少的空餘時間。 將不會=將不會
8單元:
你怎麼做香蕉奶昔? 第一,將香蕉剝皮。
下一步,將香蕉放到食物攪拌器里。
然後,將牛奶倒入食物攪拌器里。
最後,打開食物攪拌器。
可數名詞 不可數名詞
我們需要多少香蕉? 我們需要多少酸奶?
我們需要三個香蕉。 我們需要一杯酸奶。
純粹手打,求採納。

B. 初三英語語法

呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 記得採納O(∩_∩)O哈!

九年級英語復習---語法講解(1-7單元)
Unit1
By是個很常用的介詞(有時也用作副詞),在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種: 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如: Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如: Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如: The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激,於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如: One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如:What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用,說明接觸身體的某一部分。如: I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中,表示行為主體,常譯作「被」、「由」等。如: English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。(即「許多人講英語。」) 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」,常做插入語。如: By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下,李平在哪兒。你知道嗎? 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如: I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如: But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後,越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing,相當於名詞,在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1)★作主語(這種用法常考)
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2)作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎?3)作表語Babysister』s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服,作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法:(1)肯定句:used這個詞沒有人稱的變化,to後面接動詞原形。

否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒?
(2)含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語,而用didn』t + 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙,是嗎?Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
(3)used to 表示過去的習慣動作, 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
(4)used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用,描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員,但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short.馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態,人稱和數的變化,其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
 一、被動語態的句式變化: 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例,列表說明被動語態的句式變化:

二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下: 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的,be是什麼時態,全句就是什麼時態,be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。一般現在時的被動語態為:主+am / is / are (not)+過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態為:主+was / were +過去分詞
例如:我們學過的was / were born 生於,就是一個被動語態.born是個過去分詞(bear)-When were you born ? -I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語+is / am / are + being +過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語+have / has +been +過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞+be+過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語+will +be +過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語+would / should + be +過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語+was / were + being +過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語+had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法:(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰,不用by+動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
(2)強調動作的承受者,這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
(3)作客觀說明時,常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是:(1)把原句中的賓語變為主語(2)動詞改為被動形式,即be+過去分詞(3)原來的主語,如果需要的話,放在by後面,如果沒必要,可省略。請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou. They use this key for locking the classroom door.Many people speak English.He wrote a letter.They are building a road. Trains are made in Zhuzhou.This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them).English is spoken by many people.A letter was written by him.A road is being built (by them).

Unit4
虛擬語氣:如果我們所說的不是事實,也不是要求、命令、勸告等,而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意:條件句分兩種,真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬(非真實)條件句中,才用虛擬語氣,而在真實條件句中,要用陳述語氣。
請比較:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好,我們將會去公園。在這句話中,明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的,並非虛擬、幻想,因此是真實條件句。在本句中,適用「主將從現。」
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
(如果我是你的話,我立刻就走。)在這句話中,條件句,「如果我是你」,但事實上,我不可能成為你,這只是假設的情況,沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小,甚至可以說沒有時,就需要用虛擬語氣來表示,動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時,從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」,引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時,be動詞只能用were,而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦?」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 :get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
「if」引導的條件句。

Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can』t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑問句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √



can』t
can ★ √


1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary』s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali』s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda』s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can』t be John』s. (不可能)
It』s much too small for him.
練習:1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can』t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That』s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can』t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn』t B. shouldn』t C. can』t D. may not
Unit6
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.

The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.

The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.

He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.

This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時,有如下要點:
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用,又在從句中充當一個成分,因此, 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能,如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時,關系代詞可用who(做主語,賓語),that(做主語,賓語),whom(作賓語),whose(作定語)
3 當先行詞指物時,關系代詞可用that(做主語,賓語),which(做主語,賓語)
4 再定語從句中,作賓語的關系代詞長可省略,但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時,介詞後只用whom,指物時,介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中,指人時,只用who,指物時,只用which。
1.定語從句中that與who、which的區別

 

2.定語從句中關系詞的省略

 

 典型例題
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where     B. why      C. which     D. that
解析:指事物的先行詞前有序數詞修飾時,只能用關系代詞that。故本題的正確答案是D。
2. I don』t think history is as interesting as English.(改為同義詞)
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析:答案是:less; than。意思是「我認為歷史不如英語有趣」。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.(改為同義句)
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析:讀題後可知:上句含義是「戴帽子的那個婦女旭我的媽媽」,對應下句,可知空格處應填「戴」,故正確答案是in。
選擇填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike.
A.which    B.what    C.who    D./
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice.
A.which    B.what    C./    D.who
3. I』m one of the students _______well in English in my class.
A.who does     B.who do     C.which does    D.who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A.that     B.where     C.which     D.the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us.
A.what    B.which    C.why    D.that
Unit7
表達意願的幾個基本句子

a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案:a. I hope to     b. I』d like to     c. I』d love to      d. I want to

She would like to go to New York. (對劃線部分提問)
答案:Where would she like to go?
注意:where在本句中為副詞,go後面不能再加to,而Which city would she like to go to? 中which為代詞。
九年級英語復習---語法講解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種:
1.動詞+副詞 如:give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞,如果其賓語是代詞,就必須放在動詞和副詞之間,如果是名詞,則既可插在動詞和副詞之間,也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如:listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞,後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如:take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如:
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be

C. 人教版新目標初三英語1~8單元知識總結,要固定搭配,重點句子片語和語法,要精練,會多加分的!

九年級英語復習---語法講解(1-8單元)
Unit1
By是個很常用的介詞(有時也用作副詞),在初中英語中的用法有以下幾種: 1.意為「在……旁」、「靠近」。如: Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大樹下唱歌跳舞,有的在湖邊畫畫兒。 2.意為「不遲於」、「到……時為止」。如: Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的兒子在晚飯前會好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上個學期末你們已經學了多少首英語歌曲? 3.表示方法、手段,可譯作「靠」、「用」、「憑借」、「通過」、「乘坐」等。如: The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在樹上哈哈大笑。 The boy』s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父親是那麼的感激,於是他教愛迪生怎樣通過鐵路電報來傳達信息。 4.表示「逐個」、「逐批」的意思。如: One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他們一個一個得在黑暗中經過這張桌子。5.表示「根據」、「按照」的意思。如:What time is it by your watch? 你的表幾點了? 6.和take , hold等動詞連用,說明接觸身體的某一部分。如: I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用於被動句中,表示行為主體,常譯作「被」、「由」等。如: English is spoken by many people. 英語被許多人所說。(即「許多人講英語。」) 8.組成其它短語。 1) by the way : 意為「順便說」、「順便問一下」,常做插入語。如: By the way , where』s Li Ping , do you know?
順便問一下,李平在哪兒。你知道嗎? 2) by oneself : 意為「單獨」、「自行」。如: I can』t leave her by herself. 我不能把她單獨留下。 3) by and by : 意為「不久以後」、「不一會兒」。如: But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以後,越來越多的人開始學英語了。
二、動名詞的構成動詞後加動名詞doing,相當於名詞,在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語定語等。1)★作主語(這種用法常考)
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方與北方開戰了。2)作賓語Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
請問你介意調小一點收音機的音量嗎?3)作表語Babysister』s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服,作飯和照看孩子。
Unit2
used to 的用法:(1)肯定句:used這個詞沒有人稱的變化,to後面接動詞原形。

否定句是didn』t use to….
When I was a child, I didn』t use to like apples.當我還是孩子的時候我不喜歡蘋果.
疑問形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?當你來這兒之前你住哪兒?
(2)含有used to 的句子的反意疑問句不要usedn』t + 主語,而用didn』t + 主語。He used to smoke, didn』t he? 他過去常常吸煙,是嗎?Yes, he did./ No, he didn』t. 是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
(3)used to 表示過去的習慣動作, 而不是現在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已經習慣於這里的天氣了。He is used to hard work. 他習慣於艱苦的工作。
(4)used to 可以和be, have 以及其他狀態動詞連用,描寫過去的狀態。 I used to be a waiter, but now I』m a taxi-driver.我過去是一個服務員,但現在我是計程車司機。
★ 本單元的許多運用used to 的句子屬於描述過去的狀態。Mario used to be short.馬力奧過去總是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.愛米過去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜過去有一頭直的長頭發。He used to wear black shoes. 他過去常穿黑鞋。
Unit3
本單元重點講到了被動語態的用法英語動詞的被動語態由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞be有時態,人稱和數的變化,其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣。
一、被動語態的句式變化: 以一般現在時和動詞invite為例,列表說明被動語態的句式變化:

二、各種時態的被動語態結構總結如下: 被動語態的時態是由be的時態決定的,be是什麼時態,全句就是什麼時態,be動詞後面的過去分詞不變。一般現在時的被動語態為:主+am / is / are (not)+過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態為:主+was / were +過去分詞
例如:我們學過的was / were born 生於,就是一個被動語態.born是個過去分詞(bear)-When were you born ? -I was born in 1989. 現在進行時被動語態的構成為: 主語+is / am / are + being +過去分詞
現在完成時被動語態的構成為: 主語+have / has +been +過去分詞
情態動詞的被動語態: 情態動詞+be+過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態: 主語+will +be +過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態: 主語+would / should + be +過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態: 主語+was / were + being +過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態: 主語+had + been +過去分詞
三、被動語態的用法:(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰,不用by+動作執行者短語 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
(2)強調動作的承受者,這時應用by短語。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
(3)作客觀說明時,常採用一種被動語態句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.
據報道美國大約二十名兒童死於流感。
四、主動語態的句子變為被動語態的方法是:(1)把原句中的賓語變為主語(2)動詞改為被動形式,即be+過去分詞(3)原來的主語,如果需要的話,放在by後面,如果沒必要,可省略。請看下錶:
主動語態 被動語態
They make trains in Zhuzhou. They use this key for locking the classroom door.Many people speak English.He wrote a letter.They are building a road. Trains are made in Zhuzhou.This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them).English is spoken by many people.A letter was written by him.A road is being built (by them).

Unit4
虛擬語氣:如果我們所說的不是事實,也不是要求、命令、勸告等,而只是一種假設、願望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想就用虛擬語氣
注意:條件句分兩種,真實條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬(非真實)條件句中,才用虛擬語氣,而在真實條件句中,要用陳述語氣。
請比較:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we』ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天氣好,我們將會去公園。在這句話中,明天天氣好是完全有可能實現的,並非虛擬、幻想,因此是真實條件句。在本句中,適用「主將從現。」
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
(如果我是你的話,我立刻就走。)在這句話中,條件句,「如果我是你」,但事實上,我不可能成為你,這只是假設的情況,沒有實現的可能。當條件實現的可能性很小,甚至可以說沒有時,就需要用虛擬語氣來表示,動詞發生了變化。
也就是說虛擬語氣表示和現實的事實相反時,從句用一般過時。
主句用 「should/would/could/ might +動詞原形。
1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.
2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
知識點2. He doesn』t know if he should bring a present.
此處if表示「是否」,引導賓語從句。Should此處表示「應該」。不是虛擬語氣。
E.g.1. I don』t know if I should go to the party.
2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .
知識點3.If I were you , I』d wear a shirt and tie.
if 引導的條件狀語從句表示與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣時,be動詞只能用were,而不能用was。
E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .
知識點4. I don』t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?
What if… 「如果……怎麼辦?」相當於 what would happen if…
E.g. What shall I do if it snows?
知識點5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.
Trouble 麻煩事 ,名詞
常用搭配 :get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what』s the trouble
「if」引導的條件句。

Unit5
It must be--- (肯定是,100%)
It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)
It can』t be… (肯定不是,0%)
程度 肯定句 否定句 疑問句
must ★ ★ ★ ★ √
may ★ ★ ★ √ √
might
/could ★ ★ √



can』t
can ★ √


1. --- Whose book is this?
--- It must be Mary』s. (肯定; 一定)
It must belong to Mary.
2. --- Whose French book is this?
--- It could be Ali』s. She studies French. (可能)
3. The hair band might belong to Linda.
might be Linda』s. (可能)
4. The T-shirt can』t be John』s. (不可能)
It』s much too small for him.
練習:1. --- Whose pen is this?
--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.
A. can』t be B. might be C. must belong to
2. That』s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.
A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can』t be
3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn』t B. shouldn』t C. can』t D. may not
Unit6
定語從句
1. who 指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3. which 指物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
4. that 指人/物,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)
A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.
The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.

The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
who
whom
that
The dress is new. She is wearing it.

The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
Ø
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.

He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
Ø
This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.

This is the best film that I have ever seen.
Ø
在選擇引導定語從句的關系代詞時,有如下要點:
1 由於關系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯系作用,又在從句中充當一個成分,因此, 要正確判斷關系代詞在從句中的功能,如作主語還是賓語等。
2 當先行詞指人時,關系代詞可用who(做主語,賓語),that(做主語,賓語),whom(作賓語),whose(作定語)
3 當先行詞指物時,關系代詞可用that(做主語,賓語),which(做主語,賓語)
4 再定語從句中,作賓語的關系代詞長可省略,但在介詞後面的關系代詞不能省略。指人時,介詞後只用whom,指物時,介詞後只用which。
5 在非限制性定語從句中,指人時,只用who,指物時,只用which。
1.定語從句中that與who、which的區別

2.定語從句中關系詞的省略

典型例題
1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.
A. where B. why C. which D. that
解析:指事物的先行詞前有序數詞修飾時,只能用關系代詞that。故本題的正確答案是D。
2. I don』t think history is as interesting as English.(改為同義詞)
I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.
解析:答案是:less; than。意思是「我認為歷史不如英語有趣」。
3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.(改為同義句)
The woman ________ the hat is my mother.
解析:讀題後可知:上句含義是「戴帽子的那個婦女旭我的媽媽」,對應下句,可知空格處應填「戴」,故正確答案是in。
選擇填空
1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike.
A.which B.what C.who D./
2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice.
A.which B.what C./ D.who
3. I』m one of the students _______well in English in my class.
A.who does B.who do C.which does D.who did
4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A.that B.where C.which D.the one
5. All______ they have done is good for us.
A.what B.which C.why D.that
Unit7
表達意願的幾個基本句子

a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.
答案:a. I hope to b. I』d like to c. I』d love to d. I want to

She would like to go to New York. (對劃線部分提問)
答案:Where would she like to go?
注意:where在本句中為副詞,go後面不能再加to,而Which city would she like to go to? 中which為代詞。
九年級英語復習---語法講解(Units8-15)
Unit8
1、短語動詞小結
常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種:
1.動詞+副詞 如:give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結構有時相當於及物動詞,如果其賓語是代詞,就必須放在動詞和副詞之間,如果是名詞,則既可插在動詞和副詞之間,也可放 在短語動詞後。
2. 動詞+介詞 如:listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬於
這種結構相當於及物動詞,後面跟賓語。
3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗盡
4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如:take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
2、倒裝句
not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個並列的成分
(1)引導以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動詞或者是情態動詞放在主語的前面。如:
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
Either Lily or you are a student.
Not only …but (also)…
There be贊同355| 評論(5)

D. 九年級人教版英語第5單元、第八單元知識點整理(要全面一點的)

Unit 8一、短語
1. clean up 清掃
2.give out 分發,發放
3.cheer up=make…happier 使...高興,使...振作
4.after school study program 課外學習班
5.come up with=think up 提出,想出
6.put off(doing sth) 推遲(做某事)
7.write down 寫下,記下
8.put up 張貼
9.hand out 分發,發放 = give out
10.call sb up 給某人打電話 = ring sb up = give sb a call/ring = call/ telephone sb = make a telephone call with sb
11.ser up=establish 建立
12.be home to sb 是某人的家園
13.volunteer one』s time to do sth 自願花時間干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用 15.elementary school 小學
16.plan to do sth 計劃干...打算干= plan on doing sth
17.coach a football team for kids 訓練少年足球隊
18.start a Chinese History club 開辦一個中國史俱樂部
19.run out of 用完,耗盡
20.take after 在性格或長相方面與父母相象
21.fix up 修理
22.give away 捐贈
23.be similar to 與...相似
24.ask for 索要
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
25.a call-in center for parents 家長熱線
26.hang out 閑盪
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 張貼尋求唱歌工作的廣告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 學唱歌的錢用完了
29.disabled people 殘疾人
30.for sure 確實如此,毫無疑問
31.fill…with... 用...填充...
be filled with = be full of 被裝滿了...
32.help...out 幫助...做事,解決難題(擺脫困境)
33.a specially trained dog 一隻經過特殊訓練的狗
34.train sb to do sth 訓練某人干... 35.fetch my book 去把我的書拿來
36.part of speech 詞性
二、重點知識
1.You could give out food at a food bank. (P60)你可以在食品供應站分發食品。
give out在這里是「分發」,「散發」的意思。
Our English teacher gave out the examination papers when the bell rang.
我們的英語老師在鈴響的時候分發試卷。
◎另外一個意思為「用完」,「消耗盡」。
After a week their food supplies gave out. 一周之後,他們的食物供應用完了。
◎還有一個意思為「發出」,「送出」。
The sun gives out a lot of heat. 太陽能發出熱量。
2.He looks sad. Let』s cheer him up.(P61)他看上去很傷心。我們去幫他振作起來吧。
cheer up sb或cheer sb up意為「(使某人)高興起來,振作起來」。如果是代詞做賓語,則將代詞放在中間。
Cheer up! The news isn』t too bad. 不要發愁啦,這消息不錯嘛!
He took her to the ballet to cheer her up.
他為了使她高興起來,便帶她去看芭蕾舞。
3.This volunteer work takes each of them several hours a week, so it is a major commitment. (P62)這份義工每周花了他們每個人好幾個小時的時間,所以這是一個重大的貢獻。
(1)each of them是指「他們中的每一個」。如果做主語,則謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
知識拓展
each與every的用法
◎each指一個整體中的每一個,強調個體;every著重於全體的總和,強調整體。試比較:
Each has a different book. (強調各有不同。)
Here every child at the age of six can go to school. (側重整體,無一例外。)
◎each可作形容詞及代詞,而every只能作形容詞,但可與-one,-body,-thing等構成復合代詞。
◎each用在代詞或復數名詞前要用介詞of連接,如each of them, each of the boys; every不能直接跟of連接,如不可以說every of them,而要說every one of them或each of them。
◎every還可以表示「每隔」,後接基數詞加名詞,如every four weeks, every three months等,此種結構中的every不能用each代替。
She had a rest every fives minutes. 她每隔5分鍾就休息一會兒。
魔力糾錯
①街道兩旁有許多商店。
誤:There are many shops on every side of the street.
正:There are many shops on each side of the street.
魔力解析
each可以用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或物,但是every卻總是指三個或三個以上的人或物,不能指兩者。
4.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. (P62)我不僅對幫助別人感到很滿足,而且我還漸漸地花時間做自己喜愛做的事情。
(1)not only ... but also (also可省略)是「不但……而且……」的意思,當置於句首時,not only後面從句的主謂要倒裝,但but (also)後面的主謂不用倒裝。
Not only has he been to Canada, but (also) he knows some Canadians.
他不僅去過加拿大,而且還認識許多加拿大人。
Not only did he teach at school, but (also) he wrote novels.
他不僅在學校里教書,而且還寫小說。
Not only…but (also)… 接兩主語時,謂語動詞隨後面的主語人稱和數的變化 也就是就近原則 如:
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結構有:
Neither… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)
Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
Either… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個)
hand in「面交」,「上交」。
The students are handing their papers in.學生們在交試卷。
10. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. (P64)他想到的那些辦法獲得了成功。
(1)這是一個由that引導的定語從句,先行詞是前面的strategies。動詞短語worked out在這里作主語the strategies的謂語,意為「產生結果,發展為,結果是……」,後面不可接賓語,主語也不用「人」來充當。
I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice.
我很想知道他們的想法在實踐中取得了什麼結果。
We didn』t plan it like that but it worked out very well.
我們原不是那樣計劃的,但結果卻很好。
知識拓展
work out的其它用法
It was the best solution that he was able to work out at this time.
這是他這時能想出的最好的解決辦法了。(想出)
I can』t work out the meaning of this poem. 我理解不了這首詩的意思。(理解)
Have you worked out this math problem? 你已經算出這道數學問題了嗎?(算出)
短語鏈語
◎work on意為「從事」。
Professor Green is working on a new book. 格林教授正在寫一本新書。
He is working on a maths problem. 他正在算一道數學難題。
◎work on後面無賓語時,表示繼續工作。
It』s very late, but they were still working on.
時間很晚了,但他們仍然在繼續工作。
(2)fine在這里是副詞,可與well替換,意思是「好,順利」。
The machine works fine. 這台機器運行很好。
Sam is doing fine in his new business.
薩姆在他的新業務中一切進展順利。
11.Who has filled my life with pleasure. (P66)……使我生活充滿快樂的人。
(1)本句中的fill...with...表示一個動作,意為「用……裝滿……」,其主語通常是人。
He filled the bag with books. 他在書包里裝滿了書。
Please fill the bottle with milk. 請將瓶子裝滿牛奶。
知識拓展
be filled with表示一個狀態,意為「裝滿了……」,相當於be full of,其主語通常是人或物。
The room was filled with smoke. 房間里濃煙彌漫。
Her eyes were filled with tears. 她眼睛裡充滿了淚水。
(2)pleasure意為「高興,快樂」,是不可數名詞;表示「樂趣,高興的事」時是可數名詞。
Reading gives me great pleasure. 讀書給了我很多快樂。
It is one of my greatest pleasures. 它是我最大樂趣之一。
◎在口語中It』s pleasure. 是回答感謝的客套語。
—Thank you for your help. 感謝你的幫助。
—It』s a pleasure. 不用謝。
特別提示
◎pleased是形容詞,意為「自己感到高興的,欣喜的,滿意的」,指以任何方式表現出來或未表現出來的滿足與快樂,在句中常用作表語,其主語為人。
The two friends were very pleased to see each other again.
這兩個朋友非常高興再次見面。
I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me.
使我高興的是經理已經不再生我的氣了。
◎pleasant也是形容詞,表示「使人感到愉快/滿意」,一般用作定語,如主語是物,也可以用作表語。
It』s pleasant weather today. 今天的天氣令人愉快。
It』s very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours.
站了幾小時後坐下來很舒服。
◎please是動詞,表示「(使)高興,滿意,愉快」。
Does the cloth please you? 這布料合你的意嗎?
12. Because I can』t use my arms or legs well, normal things like answering the telephone, opening and shutting doors, or carrying things have always been difficult for me. (P66)因為我不能靈活地使用我的手和腳,像接電話、開關門、拿東西這樣的事情對於我來說都很難。
(1)本句中的shut意為「關」,在許多情況下可以與close互換,只是後者語氣較弱,如close the door關門(也可能指半開半閉),shut the door關門(指把門關緊)。
That shop shuts at eight pm. 那家商店八點鍾關門。
He closed his speech with a funny joke. 他用一個有趣的笑話結束了演說。
◎當表示「關閉公路,鐵路或交通工具」或作「結束」講時,只用close。
They have closed the road for thick fog. 由於大霧,那條公路被關閉。
特別提示
turn off用來表示「關閉」有開關的東西,如收音機、電視、煤氣、水龍頭等。
Please turn off the light when you leave the lab.
在你離開實驗室前關掉燈。
Make sure the gas is turned off before you go to bed.
確保上床前把煤氣關掉。
(2)本句中的carry意為「搬運,攜帶」,不表示帶到什麼地方,而攜帶的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。
She carried a baby in her arms. 她懷里抱了一個孩子。
He was carrying a wooden box on his shoulder.他扛著一個木箱。
特別提示
在後面「Lucky! Fetch my book.」一句中出現的fetch相當於go and bring back,意為「取來,接來」,表示一往一返。
Let』s fetch some water. 咱們去打點水來。
People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood.
為了取木料,人們不得不走許多公里路。

E. 初三英語8單元GrammarFocus翻譯急!!!!

語法匯集

F. 人教版九年級英語八單元語法

八單元語法內容較為簡單 主要為動副與動介短語 只要記住動介短語名良可代中間就好了動副短語就那幾個特殊記一下吧

G. 八年級下冊英語5到8單元重點語法,短語,句型。

Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個驚喜派對
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因為某事對某人發火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 對某事/某人很著迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4.first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pass on (代詞放中間)
6. work on 從事
7. be supposed to = should 應該
8. be good/better/best at 擅長於…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成績單
10.the disappointing result 令人失望的結果
11. this semester 本學期
12. How』s it going? 你好嗎?
How goes it?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著
14. end of year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對某事/做某事感到緊張
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難
doing sth.
17. It』s just that… 這只是由於…
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
doing sth. 忘記做過某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今為止
21. open up 打開
22. care for 照顧

KP
1. true 符合客觀事實的(人和事)
really 真實存在的(人和事)
2. be sure that 確信…
3. I don』t think (that)… 我不認為…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
賓語從句
⑴ 引導詞:that —— 引導陳述句,在句中可省略;
if,whether ——引導一般疑問句,可相互替換(從句中出現or not時只能使用whether);
wh-,h- —— 引導特殊疑問句。
主句 從句
一般現在時 各種時態
一般過去時 相應的過去時態
⑵ 時態:

注意:從句講述的是客觀真理時,不根據主句改變時態。
⑶ 語序:引導詞後加陳述句語序
「主句 + 引導詞 + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其他」
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引語變為間接引語時參照賓語從句的變法,把雙引號內的句子變為賓語從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點
⑷ 人稱和所有格:「 一主,二賓,三不變 」
⑸ 狀語與動詞
Unit 5
UE
1. have a great time 過得很愉快
2. wear jeans 穿牛仔褲
3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進來/出去/過去
4. be late for 遲到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遺憾
6. organize sth. for … 為…組織某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、沒收
bring sth. to … 把某物帶來…
take sth. from … 從…把某物帶走
9. Why not? 為什麼不呢?
10. clean up 收拾干凈
11. make a lot of money 掙許多錢
12. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作為…而出名
13. join = take part in 參加
14. a professional athlete 職業運動員
15. get injured 受傷
16. a great chance 一次好機會
17. all the time 一直
18. around the world = all over the world 全世界
19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事謀生
20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
21. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事
22. in order to do sth. 以便、為了
that + 目的狀語從句 = so that
in order 整齊、有條理、正常
23. talk on the phone 講電話
KP
1.too much + 不可數名詞
too many + 可數名詞
much too + 形容詞
against 反對、與…相反、與…對抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
條件狀語從句由if或unless引導,表示如果有從句中的動作發生,就會有主句的動作發生。在條件狀語從句中,主句是將來時、祈使句或含有情態動詞的句子時,從句要使用一般現在時表達將來的意思(即:主將從現)。
if:如果
unless:除非 = if… not…,….
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn』t leave for Shanghai.
= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.

祝你學習進步,更上一層樓!(*^__^*)……

H. 初三人教英語書第八單元語法翻譯

P60
這是誰的排球?它一定是Carla的。她喜歡排球。
這是誰的發帶?專可能是屬Mei的發帶。或者可能是Linda的。她倆都有長發。
那天晚上你看見了什麼?我不確信,但它不可能是一隻狗。它要大些。我認為可能是一隻熊或一隻狼。

親:高老師祝你學習進步,每天都開心V_V!
望採納,thanks!

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