㈠ 七年級下冊英語每單元的15個知識點
你好!
我覺得上課好好聽講老師講的內容,其中詳講的一定就是重點。注意總結就是了,最好准備一個英語筆記本。
加油哦!!!
㈡ 七年級英語下冊第七單元知識點
七年級英語下冊語法總結
一、一般現在時
1. 構成:主語+動詞+其他
2. 標志詞:always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等頻率副詞。 3. 否定句:1)當動詞是 be, can, may, must, should等在其後加
e.g. I can』t play football.
2)當是實義動詞時加助動詞don』t/doesn』t後跟動詞原形 e.g. I don』t like football. She doesn』t like football.
4. 疑問句:1)當動詞是 be, can, may, must, should等將其提前
e.g. Can you swim?
2)當是實義動詞時將助動詞do/does 放在前面,後跟主語和動詞原形。 e.g. Does she like football?
5. 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 e.g When does she usually get up in the morning? 二、現在進行時
1. 構成:主語+be+doing+其他 2. 動詞→動詞-ing變化規律:
1)一般情況下直接加-ing, eg. Working
2)以不發音e結尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking
3)以輔音字母+母音字母+輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節,雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping 4)特殊變化, lie—lying
3. 標志詞:look, listen, now, at the moment, it』s…o』clock… 4. 否定句:be動詞後加not
e.g. She is not listening to music. 5. 疑問句:將be動詞提前
e.g . Is she listening to music?
6. 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 e.g What is she doing now? 三、將來時
1. 構成:主語+be going to+動詞原形 主語+will+動詞原形
2. 標志詞:tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示將來的時間 3. 否定句:be動詞後加not;will後加not
e.g. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend. 4. 疑問句:將be動詞提前;將will提前
e.g. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend?
5. 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 What are you going to do tomorrow?\ What will you do tomorrow? 四、過去時
1. 構成:主語+動詞過去時+其他
2. 標志詞:yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young,last…等 3. 動詞→動詞過去式變化規律:
1)一般動詞結尾加-ed, e.g. Walk--walked 2)以字母e結尾的動詞加- d, e.g. Live--lived
3)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i加-ed, e.g. Hurry—hurried
4)以輔音字母+母音字母+輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節,雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ed, eg. Stop –stopped 特殊變化詳見課本P172
4. 否定句:1)動詞be過去式後直接加not
e.g. I was not in Cheng last year.
2) 當是實義動詞時,加助動詞didn』t後跟動詞原形
5.There will be a basketball match tomorrow, won』t
there?
★ 值得注意的是有時英語的謂語動詞並不用否定式(即沒加上not),而是用上了―never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody‖等表否定意義的詞,後半部分應用肯定疑問式。 ① You have never been to Beijing, have you? ② Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? ③ There is little milk in the bottle, is there? ④ He could do nothing, could he? 練習:
完成下列反意疑問句:
1. Mary listened to pop music,______ ______? 2. He has never been to Shanghai_____ _____? 3.He has few friends at school,______ _______? 4.The music sounds beautiful,_______ _______? 5.You can』t dance to jazz,______ _____? 6.They weren』t at the concert,______ _______? 7.Let』s stop writing,_______ _______? 8.Don』t be late,_______ ________? 五、動詞不定式
動詞不定式是初中英語的語法重點之一,也是每年中考英語試題的考點之一。它是動詞的一種非謂語形式,沒有人稱和數的變化,不能單獨作句子的謂語。其構成形式為"to+動詞原形",to為動詞不定式的符號,本身無意義。動詞不定式具有兩大特點:
1.具有動詞的特點,因此,後面可以跟表語、賓語或狀語,構成動詞不定式短語。
2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點,可以在句子中用作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、狀語、定語、表語及同位語等。 (一)、動詞不定式作主語
( ) 1. It's hard for us ______English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
( )2. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup. A. for, of B. of, for
C. to, for D. of, to
[簡析]動詞不定式作主語時,可以直接放在謂語動詞前面的主語位置,也可以用先行詞it作形式主語,而將真正的主語(不定式)置於後面。常見的句式有:(1)It is +形容詞(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容詞(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名詞短語(for sb)to do sth.
句式(1)中常用nice, kind, clever, good, right, wrong, foolish, careless等形容詞,與介詞of搭配,這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質;句式(2)中常用hard, difficult, easy, important等形容詞,與介詞for搭配,表示不定式表示的動作、行為的性質。 (二)、動詞不定式作賓語 ( )1. He wants ______ some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
( )2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )3. He found it very difficult ______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep
[簡析]在want, like, agree, hope, wish, learn, begin, start, decide, hate, choose, forget, remember等動詞後面,可以接不定式作賓語。如果其後接形容詞補足語時,則可以用it作形式賓語,而把作真正賓語的不定式放到後面。
(三)、動詞不定式作賓語補足語
( )1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with
B. C. to help with D. helps him with
( )2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
[簡析]不定式可以用作賓語補足語。後面可以接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有:ask, teach, expect, tell, allow 等。
(四)、動詞不定式作狀語 ( )1. She went ______ her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
( )2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
[簡析]go, come, try, do / try one's best等動詞或短語動詞作謂語時,其後常常可以接不定式作目的狀語。 ( )3. I'm sorry ______ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear ( )4. I'm sorry ______ you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled
( )5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
[簡析]"be +形容詞+ to do sth"結構中的不定式作狀語,常表示原因或方式。 (五)、動詞不定式作定語 ( )1. Would you like something ______? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks ( )2. I have a lot of homework ______. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ( )3. He is not an easy man ______. A. get on B. to get on
C. get on with D. to get on with
[簡析]不定式作定語時,常放在被修飾的詞語之後,與被修飾的詞語為邏輯上的主謂關系或動賓關系;如果不定式的動詞是不及物動詞,其後要加上必要的介詞或副詞,構成的短語動詞相當於及物動詞。 (六)、不帶to的動詞不定式 ( )1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
( )2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
( )3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up
[簡析]1.在see, watch, hear, feel等感官動詞和make, have, let等使役動詞後面作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to.
2.在"had better"後面接不帶to的不定式。 (七)、動詞不定式的否定形式
( )1. The old man told the child ______ noisy.
A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not
( )2. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late. A. have, not to be B. have, not be
C. be, not to be D. be, not be
[簡析]動詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號to的前面加上not,如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動詞原形前面加上not.
(八)、某些動詞後面接不定式和接動詞-ing形式的區別 ( )1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired. A. to have B. having C. have D. has
( )2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?
——Sorry, I forgot ______ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took ( )3. ——Let's have a rest, shall we?
——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). 六、雙賓語用法要點
此結構由主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(事物)組成。如, He brings me cookies every day.
She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先說出直接賓語(事物),後說間接賓語(人),則要藉助於介詞to或for,如, He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to側重指動作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對著某人。 用for側重指動作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人。
常跟雙賓語的動詞有:
(需藉助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, return, send, show, teach,等。
(需藉助for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, get, make, sing,等
㈢ 總結七年級下冊英語每單元的知識點,重點句型,語法
Unit5.Topic 1
wake up. /wake sb up 醒來,叫醒某人
want to do sth 想做某事
get up early/late 早/ 遲起
by+交通工具 on foot
on weekdays /weekends 在周日/ 周末
at around /about six o』clock 大約在6點
have a (short) break 稍息一會兒
in the spare time 在業余時間
play basketball/soccer/ 打籃球/足球
play sports 做運動
play the piano彈鋼琴
go dancing去跳舞
sing songs 唱歌
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
watch TV 看電視
for a (little) while一會兒
read books 看書
clean the house 打掃房間
in the library 在圖書管
do one』s homework 做家庭作業
listen to music 聽音樂
write letters寫信
go roller skating 去滑旱冰
How often 多常
once a week/ twice a week/ three times a day
一星期一次/兩次,一天三次
Unit5 Topic 2
at the moment /minute =now此刻
talk with/to sb 與某人談話
wait a minute/moment 等一會兒
on the shelf在書架上
return =give sth back 歸還
on time 准時
on the playground 在操場上
anything else /nothing else/what else
什麼別的,沒有別的,別的什麼
between…and… 在…和…兩者之間
Here is/are… 這是…
love/like doing sth. 喜歡做某事。
Unit 5 Topic 3
have classes/lessons/have a class/ lesson
上課
be over=end=finish 結束
wait for sb/sth 等某人
have to =must 必須
think of /about 考慮
do /try one』s best 盡力
care about 擔心
learn from sb 向某人學習
with great interest 有濃厚興趣的
Thank sb for (doing) sth
因為某事而感謝某人
Best wishes 祝福你
Unit 6 Topic 1
on the second floor 在第二層
Why not do sth =why don』t you do sth?
為什麼不做某事?
go upstairs 上樓
have a look (at) 看一看
Come in, please 請進
so many nice books 這么多好看的書
plant flowers / trees 種花/樹
have a bath 洗澡
read books/newspapers 看書/報紙
in/on the wall 在牆上
play with 玩…, 和…玩
put sth away 把…放好
look after 照顧
in/on the tree 在樹上
in front of 在…前面(范圍外)
in the front of 在…前面(范圍內)
get a letter from sb 收到某人的來信
Unit 6 Topic 2
be like 像…
in an apartment building 在一個單元房裡
in the countryside 在農村
in the suburbs 在郊區
in the area 在這個地區
How about/What about (doing) sth …….怎麼樣?
would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事
go back to 回去 go back home 回家
For Rent 出租(廣告) Wanted 求租(廣告)
per month/week/year 每個月/星期/年
call sb at +號碼 打某人……電話
think over=think about=think of 考慮
a single room 一間單人房間
a double-room house 一間雙人房
a 3-bedroom house一間3卧室的房間
rent sth from sb. 向某人租….. 求租…
rent sth to sb. 租給某人…... 出租…..
around here 這周圍
on the street corner 在街角處
There is something wrong with…….
……有什麼毛病?
get sb to do sth.=ask sb to do sth.= let sb do sth. 讓某人做某事.
right now 馬上,立刻.
a lot of 許多.
be close to / be near與…接近
be far from 離…很遠
keep money 存錢
take trains 乘火車
mail letters 寄信
see the doctor 看病
hear sb doing sth . 聽到某人正做某事.
try to do sth. 試著做某事.
such a station 這樣的一個車站
move from…to… 從…移到/搬到…
at the end of… 在…末梢
on the right 在右邊
The traffic is heavy. 交通擁擠
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
Unit 6 Topic 3
go /walk across =cross 穿過
on the corner of… 在…的拐彎處
(be) across from… 穿過…, 在…對面
on one』s /the way to
在(某人)去某地的路上
get to… 到達…get home /there/here
(be) far away from… 遠離…
need to do sth. 需要做某事
need do sth. 需要做某事
change to the No.1 bus.轉1路車。
a ticket for speeding(開車時)超速的罰單
thousands of 成千的,好幾千的
get hurt=be hurt受傷
in a road accident 在一次交通事故中
make the road safe 使交通安全
obey the traffic rules 遵守交通規則
keep on the right 保持向右行
be clear 安全的/清潔的
It is good to do sth 做某事很好
blind people 盲人
Unit7Topic 1
next / last Saturday 下星期六/ 上星期六
be fun/interesting 有趣
plan to do sth. 計劃做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
have a birthday party開一次生日晚會
Would you like sth.你想要……
Would you like to do sth. 你想要做某事
You bet./ Of course./ Sure./ Certainly.
當然啦
be born 出生
use sth for doing sth 用於作…
look up 查閱,查找
must be 一定是
Unit7Topic2
perform ballet 跳芭蕾舞
dance the disco跳迪斯科
take photos ( of…) 照相
sing songs for sb.為某人唱歌
take sth./sb. to sw 把某物帶到某處
take sth.with sb. 隨身帶上某物
work out 算出 work on 演算
fly a kite / fly kites 放風箏
one year ago 一年前 two years ago兩年前
play table tennis 打乒乓球
be good at (doing)sth 擅長做某事
have a good time 玩得很開心
Something is / was wrong with…
什麼有毛病
with the help of ….在……的幫助下
make model planes.製作模型飛機
Unit7Topic3
It』s one』s turn. 輪到某人了
What』s the matter?/What』s wrong?What』s up? 怎麼啦?
fall down 跌倒
happen to sb.發生在某人身上
go to a movie =see a film = go to the cinema
去看電影
lie to sb. 對某人說謊
tell a lie (to sb) 說謊 tell- told
talk about 談論 in fact 事實上
sit around… 圍坐在…
make the cards 做卡片
make a silent wish 默默許願
write a letter to sb. / write to sb.
寫信給某人
Unit 8 Topic 1
climb mountains = go climbing爬山
go hiking 踏青
make a snowman(snowmen) 做雪人
in spring / summer / fall / winter
在春/夏/秋/冬
like sth best 最喜歡
like sth better 更喜歡
nice and =very, quite 很,挺
all day 整天
be coming 就要來了
go on sth. 進行某事
go on a trip 進行旅行
go out 出去
take an umbrella 帶傘
wear sunglasses 帶太陽鏡
wear warm clothes 穿暖和的衣服
remember to do sth. 記住要去做某事
remember doing sth. 記住做過某事
(be) the same as 與……一樣
travel to sw. 旅遊到某地
wear an overcoat 穿一件大衣
come back to life 復甦, 復活
get warm 變暖和
a hopeful season. 一個充滿生機的季節。
A harvest season. 一個豐收的季節.
come after 來自……之後
be busy doing sth.忙於做….
last from…to…持續從……到
last for 持續
Unit 8 Topic2
travel around 周遊
take pictures/photos of… 拍……的照片
hope to do sth. / hope (that)+句子
希望做某事
next month 下個月
places of interest 名勝
each of us 我們中的每一個人
tell sb sth.about告訴某人關於……某事
take off 拖掉,起飛
point to 指點
touch a child on the head 摸小孩的頭
do some touring 觀光
do some shopping/cleaning
買東西/做衛生
need to do sth.需做某事
give sth. to sb. /give sb.sth. 給某人某物
pass sth.to sb. /pass sb. sth. 遞某物給某人
be friendly to sb 對某人友好
be different from 與……不同
Unit 8 Topic3
make mpings 做餃子
each other 相互,互相
have families get together.舉行家庭聚會
on this day 在這一天 good luck 好運
stay up 熬夜 send sth. to sb. 送某人某物
play tricks on sb.= trick on sb 開某人玩笑
pick up摘,撿起 knock at/ on 敲
on the night of 在……夜晚
go touring / shopping 去旅行/ 購物
enjoy a seven-day holiday享受7天的假期
hold dragon boat races舉行龍舟賽
the capital of ……的首都,…….的省會
go up 升起
Best wishes to sb.! 致某人最好的祝願
on the eve of 在……前夕
at midnight 在午夜
put up 掛
with
最令某人高興的是 To one』s joy
取得很大的進步
在戶外in the open air
與某人聊天 chat with
互相 each other =with one another
與某人相聚 have a get-together with
很快,馬上 (at)any minute now
及時 in time
㈣ 英語人教版七年級下冊一單元知識點總結
Unit 1 重要詞彙解析
Canada (n.) 加拿大
一般由「國家」變成「人民」時,在「國家」後加-n。如:
Australia →Australian, India →Indian, America→American等,但Canada要去a,再加-ian,即Canadian,是可數名詞,注意單復數形式的變化。如:
His uncle lives in Canada. 他的叔叔住在加拿大。
They are all Canadians.他們都是加拿大人。
【經典例句】
1. Does her uncle live in Canada? 她的叔叔住在加拿大嗎?
2. They are all Canadians. 他們都是加拿大人。
【啟發點撥】
一般由「國家」變為「人民」時,在「國家」後加-n。如:America→American; Australia→Australian; India→Indian等;但Canada要去掉a,再加-ian,即Canadian。
Japan (n.) 日本
一般指「人」的名詞,如:Australian, Canadian, American等的復數形式都是直接在詞尾加-s,但是Japanese / Chinese單復數形式相同。如:
The twins are Chinese. 這對雙胞胎是中國人。
Japanese (adj. & n.) 日本的,日本人的,日本人,日語。如:
He is my Japanese friend. 他是我的日本朋友。
Can you speak Japanese? 你會說日語嗎?
【經典例句】
1. The boy in a blue coat is from Japan. 穿藍色外套的男孩來自日本。
2. I have a Japanese pen pal. 我有一個日本筆友。
3. Can he speak Japanese? 他會說日語嗎?
【啟發點撥】
一般指「人」的名詞,如American, Australian, Canadian等的復數形式都是直接在詞尾加-s,但Japanese與Chinese的單復數形式相同。如:
We are all Chinese. 我們都是中國人。
【拓展延伸】 派生詞:
Japanese adj. & n.日本的;日本人的;日本人;日語
country (n.) 國家,鄉下,農村
當「國家」講時是可數名詞。如:
China is a beautiful country. 中國是一個美麗的國家。
There are many countries in the world. 世界上有許多國家。
注意:in the country 在鄉下
Tom likes living in the country. 湯姆喜歡住在鄉下。
【經典例句】
1. China is a great country. 中國是一個偉大的國家。
2. My grandma likes living in the country. 我的奶奶喜歡住在鄉下。
【啟發點撥】
country當「國家」講時是可數名詞。如:There are many countries in the world. 世界上有許多國家。
【拓展延伸】 固定短語:
in the country在鄉下
language (n.) 語言 (可數名詞)
language作為語言的總稱時是可數名詞,常用many, few, a few等來修飾;但是具體到某種語言,如Chinese / English / French等都是不可數名詞,用much, little, a little等來修飾。如:
He can speak a few languages. 他會講好幾種語言。
Lucy can speak a little French. 露西會說一點兒法語。
live
【經典例句】
1. He lives about ten miles from my house. 他住在離我家10英里遠的地方。
2. —Where does Andrew live? 安德魯住在哪裡?
—He lives in Paris. 他住在巴黎。
【啟發點撥】
☆live作不及物動詞,意為「生活; 居住」。如:We live here / in Shanghai. 我們住在這兒/上海。
☆live還可表示「過著……生活」,此時為及物動詞。如:Children live a happy life. 孩子們過著幸福的生活。
Unit 1重點句型匯總
Section A
1. Where is your pen pal from?
●come from和be from是同義短語,但come from更強調動作。如:
—Where do you come from? 你從哪裡來?
—I come from the United Kingdom. 我從英國來。
●句型「Where + be + sb. + from?」 通常用來詢問「某人來自什麼地方」。如:
—Where are you from? 你是哪裡人?
—I』m from Shanghai. 我是上海人。
●句型「Where + be + sth. + from?」通常用來詢問「某物品產自哪裡」。如:
—Where is the car from? 這輛轎車產自哪裡?
—It』s from France.它產自法國。
2. —Where does he live?
—Tokyo.
●live作不及物動詞,意為「生活,居住」,後常接in + 地點名詞或直接接表地點的副詞here / there / home等。如:
We live here / in New York. 我們住在這兒 / 紐約。
●live還可表示「過著……生活」,此時為及物動詞。如:
We live a happy life. 我們過著幸福的生活。
3. What language does she speak?
●what language常用來對「某種語言」進行提問。
●speak意為「說,講」,後面常接表語言的名詞。如:
Can you speak French? 你會講法語嗎?
Section B
1. Does she have any brothers or sisters?
any意為 「一些」,常用於疑問句或否定句中,修飾可數名詞復數形式或不可數名詞。如:
There isn』t any milk in the glass. 杯子里沒有牛奶。
2. I can speak English and a little French.
a little意為「少量,一點兒」,常修飾不可數名詞,具有肯定意義;little意為「幾乎沒有」,修飾不可數名詞,具有否定意義。如:
There』s a little water in the cup. 杯子里有點兒水。
He knows little English. 他幾乎不懂英語。
3. Can you write to me soon?
write to sb. 意為「給某人寫信」。如:
Please write to Jack.請給傑克寫封信。
此短語常用於書信的結尾,提示別人盡快寫回信。
疑難解析
「來自哪裡」「說什麼語言」
1. Where?蒺s your pen pal from? 你的筆友來自哪裡?
(1) be from意為「從……來; 是……人」,其同義短語是come from。如:
He is from England. = He comes from England. 他來自英國。
(2) 這是一個由where引導的特殊疑問句,用來詢問某人來自何處或某人是哪裡人,其結構為 「Where + be + 主語 + from?」當主語是第三人稱單數時,be動詞用 is,其他人稱(第一人稱單數除外)時用 are。如:
Where are you from? 你來自哪裡?
Where is Tom from? 湯姆來自哪裡?
2. Where does he live? 他住在哪裡?
(1) 表示「住在某地」時,應用 live in / at + 地點名詞(但後面接地點副詞時,則不用介詞in 或at ),接較小地點用at,接較大地點用 in。如:
She lives in Shanghai. 她住在上海。
His father lives at No. 1 Street. 他的父親住在一號街。
(2) 用where詢問某人「住在哪裡」時, live後不加任何介詞。如:
Where does your uncle live? 你叔叔住在哪裡?
3. What language does she speak? 她說什麼語言?
(1) speak 後常接語言,意為「講……語言」。如:
He speaks English. 他講英語。
(2) What language 用來詢問某人講何種語言。如:
What language do you speak? 你說什麼語言?
4. Does she have brothers or sisters? 她有兄弟姐妹嗎?
該句是一個選擇疑問句,由「一般疑問句 + or + 供選擇對象?」構成。如:
—Is she your mother or your aunt? 她是你的媽媽還是你姑姑?
—She is my aunt. 她是我的姑姑。
(摘選自英語輔導報課件的資料)(僅供參考)