A. 中考英語要有詳盡的短語，語法，重點句型，也就是把初中3年的所有知識點總結起來的題單，哪位好心人有
附錄三:短語
a cup of 一杯
a few 一點；一些
a little 有點；少量；稍微
a lot 大量
a lot of 大量；許多
*a must try 不可不嘗的（食物）
a number of 若干；許多
a pair of 一雙；一對；一副
a set of 一套;一副
a slice of 一片
according to 根據……；按照
across from 在……對過
add … to … 把……加到……上
after all 畢竟
after class 課下
after school 放學後
agree with 同意；贊成；（與某人）意見一致
aim at 瞄準；針對
*alarm clocck 鬧鍾
all kinds of 各種各樣的
all over the world 全世界
all the time 一直；總是
all together 一起；總共
all year round 全年
*amusement park 兒童樂園；游樂場
and so on 等等
argue with 與…吵架
around the world 全世界
as for 至於；關於
as well 也；並；和；同
as well as 也；還；而且
(not) as … as (不)像…一樣
as… as possible 盡可能地
ask for 索要；要求
at a meeting 在開會
at home 在家
at least 至少；最少
at night 夜裡；晚上
at once 立即;馬上
at present 目前；現在
at school 在學校
at that time 那時
at the age of 在…幾歲的時候
at the doctor's 在診所；在醫院
at the end of 在…末尾
at the moment 此時；現在
at the same time 同時
*babysit sb 照顧(嬰幼兒)
bank clerk 銀行職員
*barber shop 理發店；理發廳
*baseball bat 棒球球棒
baseball game 棒球比賽
basketball game 籃球賽
be able to 有能力做某事
be afraid to 害怕去做…
be angry with 對．．．感到生氣；憤怒
be bad for 對．．．有害；有壞處的
be from 來自
be going to 將要；打算
be good at 擅長；在……方面做的好
be good for 對……有益；對……有好處
*be in agreement 意見一致
be in bed 上床睡覺
be interested in 對……感興趣；喜歡做……
be mad at 對……非常憤怒、惱火
be made from 由……製成；由……構成
be off 離開；走開
be proud of 為.…..感到驕傲；為…...感到自豪
*be strict with 對……要求嚴格
*be supposed to 應該……；被期望（做）……
*be terrified of 害怕……；恐懼……
be used for 用來做……
be used to doing 習慣於做某事
be/get used to … 習慣於……
because of 因為
*begin with 以……開始
*Beijing Opera 京劇
belong to 屬於
billions of 數以億計的；許多的
*boarding school （供學生膳宿之）寄宿學校
break down 損壞；壞掉
break off 突然終止；中斷
break the rules 違反規則
bus station 汽車站
bus stop 汽車站
by accident 偶然；意外
by boat 乘坐小船
by bus 乘坐公共汽車
by mistake 錯誤地
by oneself 靠自己
by the way 順便說一句
call the police 打電話給警察
call up 打電話
care about 擔心；關心
care for 關懷；照顧
cheer up 使振奮；使高興起來
Chinese-English Dictionary 漢英詞典
Chrismas Day 聖誕節
clean out 清除；打掃干凈
clean up （把……）打掃干凈；梳理整齊;整頓；清理
close to 靠近；接近
come along 出現；陪伴；過來
come down to 到達
come from 來自；從…來
come out 出版；發表
come over to 從一個地方來到另一個地方；過來
come true （夢想等）實現；成為現實
come up with （針對問題等）提出；想出
*communicate with 與…溝通
*complain about 抱怨…
*computer game 電子游戲
*computer programmer 電腦程序設計人；程序師
computer science 計算機科學
*concentrate on 全神貫注；專心於
*conversation practice 對話練習
*credit card 信用卡
cut hair 理發；剪頭發
*cut in line 插隊；加塞
*cut prices 減價
cut up 切碎
day off 一天的假
deal with 安排；處理
decide on 決定
*department store 百貨商店；百貨公司
depend on 依靠,依賴
different from 與…不同
disscuss sth 討論…
*DJ=disc jockey 音樂節目主持人
do chores 做家務
do homework 做作業
do one's best 盡力
do some reading 讀書
do some shopping 購物
do the dishs （飯後）洗餐具
do the laundry 洗衣服
do well in 在某方面做得好；擅長
dress up 盛裝；打扮；裝飾
drop by 訪問；拜訪
*drop litter 亂仍東西
drop off （口）讓…下車；從（交通工具上）下來
each other 彼此；互相
eat out 在外面吃飯
eating habit 飲食習慣
*elementary school 小學
end up 結束；告終
*endangered animal 瀕危動物
enjoy doing 喜歡做…；樂於做…
even if 即使；即便
even though 即使；縱然；盡管
every day 每天
*exchange student 交換生
fall in love with 喜愛；愛上
fall into 落入；陷入
family dinner 家宴
far away 遠離；遙遠的
fashion show 時裝表演會
fast food 快餐
feed the dog 喂狗
feel like 感到
feel sick 感到惡心
fill out 填充;填出
fill up 填滿；裝滿；充滿
fill with 用……填充
first name 名
*first-aid 急救
first of all 首先；第一
fix up 修理；修補
*flight attendant 機組乘務員
fly kites 放風箏
*flying disk 飛碟
for a while 暫時；一會兒；一段時間
for example 例如；比如
for instance 例如；比如
for the first time 第一次（做某事）
for the reason 因為
*Forbidden City 紫禁城
*French fries 炸薯條
*fried rice 炒米飯
full moon 滿月
*furniture store 傢具店
game show 游戲節目
get a cold 得感冒
get a good view of 能夠清楚地看到……的景色
get a ride 搭車
get along with 與……相處
*get an ecation 受教育
get angry 變得生氣
*get annoyed 變得氣惱
get back 回來
get good grades 取得好成績
get in the way of 妨礙
*get inred 受傷
get mad 變瘋；變的惱怒
get married 結婚
get on （與某人）相處
get out of 從……出去
get over 恢復；克服（疾病、驚訝、損失等）
get tired 感覺疲憊
get to 到達;開始；著手
get together 聚集
get up 起床
give advice 提建議
give away 分配；分送；贈送
give out 分發；發放
give sb suggestions 給建議
give sb. a ride 讓某人搭便車
give up 放棄
go away 離開
go bike riding 騎自行車旅行
go by （指時間）過去；消逝
go camping 去野營
go fishing 去釣魚
go for 去做；努力去獲得
go for a drive 開車兜風
go for walks 去散步
*go hiking 去遠足
go home 回家
*go native 入鄉隨俗
go off （鬧鍾）鬧響
go out 外出
go shopping 去購物
*go sightseeing 去觀光旅行
go skating 去滑冰
go swimming 去游泳
go to a movie 去看電影
go to bed 上床睡覺
go to church 做禮拜
go to college 上大學
go to school 去上學
go to sleep 入睡
go to the concert 去聽音樂會
go to the doctor 看病
go to work 去上班
go together 相配；調和
*going Dutch 各自付賬；AA制
*gold medal 金牌
good idea 好主意
good-looking 好看的；漂亮的
grow up 長大
*hair band 發帶
*hair stylist 發型師；美容師
hand out 分發；發放
hang out （俚語）經常出沒；閑盪
hardly ever 幾乎不
hard-working 努力工作的；勤勉的
have a cold 患感冒
have a favor 勞駕；請您幫個忙
have a fight with 打架/吵架
have a look at 看一看
have a party 舉行晚會
have a piano lesson 上鋼琴課
have a picnic 去野餐
*have a sore throat 嗓子疼
have concerts 舉辦音樂會
have fun 玩得高興
*have opposite views 有不同觀點
have to 必須；不得不
head teacher 班主任
healthy food 健康食品；保健品
hear about 聽說
help with 在某方面幫助
hold a contest 舉辦一場比賽
*hold art exhibitions 辦藝術展覽
hot dog 熱狗
hot pot 火鍋
how far 多遠
how long 多久
how many 多少
how much 多少（接不可數名詞）
how often 多久一次
how old 多大年紀；幾歲
*hum songs 哼歌
hundreds of 好幾百,許許多多
ice cream 冰激凌
*ice hockey 冰上曲棍球
*ice skating 滑冰
ID card 身份證
in a minute 立刻；馬上
in a word 一句話;簡言之
in class 課上；上課時
in common 共同的；共有的
in different ways 以不同方式
in English 用英語
in fact 事實上
in front of 在…前面
*in general 通常；大體上；一般而言
in good health 身體健康
in hospital 住院
in order to 為了
in public 在公共場合
in search of 尋找；尋求
in silence 沉默地,無聲地
in some ways 在某些方面
*in style 時髦
in the end 最後；終於
in the future 將來
in the middle of 在中間；在中央
in the past 在過去
*in the slightest 一點也；根本
in this way 這樣
in those days 在當時
*inline skating 縱列式滑冰
instead of 代替；而不是
invite… to… 邀請…去…
jump down 跳下來
*junk food 垃圾食品
keep fit 保持健康
keep out 留在外面；置身於外；不許進入
keep quiet 保持安靜
*key ring 鑰匙圈
kind of 有點兒；稍微
knock down 擊倒；撞倒
knock into 撞上(某人)
*Lantern Festival 元宵節
last name 姓
late to class 上課遲到
later on 以後；隨後
laugh at 笑話；取笑（某人）
learn about 了解
learn by heart 記住；背誦
learn from 向……學習
leave for 離開去某地
leave out 忽略；遺漏；排除
*leaving a tip 給小費
leisure time 空閑時間
let … down 使……失望或沮喪
let in 允許進入；允許參加
let know 告知；使知曉
let's=let us 我們（去）……吧！
lie down 躺下
light up 使明亮；照亮
likes and dislikes 好惡;愛憎
listen to 聽
living room 起居室；客廳
look after 照顧；照看
look at 看
look for 尋找
look forward to 盼望;期待(某事)
look through 粗略看一遍；瀏覽；仔細檢查
look up 查字典
look up to 尊敬
lost and found 失物招領
lots of = a lot of 許多
*lunar calender 陰歷
*main course 主食；主菜
*major in 主修；專研
make … do… 讓…做…..
make a decision 作決定；下決心
make a difference 使得結果不同；有重要性
make a living 謀生；以……為生
*make complete sentences 造完整句子
make dinner 做飯
*make flashcards 做抽認卡
make friends with 和…交朋友
make mistakes 犯錯；出錯
make money 賺錢；掙錢
make noise 發出令人不愉快的聲音
make progress 提高
make sb laugh 讓某人發笑
make the bed 鋪床
*make time for 騰出時間（做某事）
make up 組成；構成
*make vocabulary lists 列詞彙表
math book 數學書
*microwave oven 微波爐
*Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節
mix up 混合在一起
moon cake 月餅
more than 超過；多於
most of 大多數
move away 搬走
movie star 電影明星
*musical instrument 樂器
name after 以……命名
*native speaker 說本族語的人
next to 在…旁邊
no longer 不再；已不
no problem 沒問題
North America 北美洲
not … any more 不再；已不
not at all 根本不；一點兒也不
not really 事實上不是（或不會，沒有）
of course 當然
*old people's home 老年之家
*Olympic Games 奧林匹克世界運動會（簡稱奧運會）
on a farm 在農場
*on display 展覽；陳列
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
on the phone 在通電話
on the weekend 在周末
on this day 在這一天
on time 准時
on top 在頂上
on vacation 在度假
one-way street 單向街道，步行街
*open up one's eyes 開闊眼界
*openning question 開場白；起始句
out of 由……裡面向外；在……之外
*out of style 過時的；落伍的
over and over 一遍遍地
P.E.=physical ecation 體育
paper money 紙幣；鈔票
part-time job 兼職
pass on 把……傳給另一個；轉移
pay attention to 對．．．注意；留心
pay for 為……而付款
pay phone （投幣式）公用電話
pay the bill 付帳；買單
pen friend (pal) 筆友
pencil case 鉛筆盒
*pencil sharpener 鉛筆刀
phone number 電話號碼
*photo album 相集；相冊
pick up 撿起;拾起
plan to do 計劃做…
play an instrument 演奏樂器
play soccer 踢(英式)足球
play sports 做運動
*play trick on 開……玩笑
play with 與……玩耍
plenty of 很多的；足夠的
point at 指向
*polar bear 北極熊
police officer （男或女）警察
police station 警察局；派出所
post office 郵局
pour… into 把…倒入…
prepare for 為……做好准備
*primary school 小學
*pros and cons 贊成與反對
*provide with 給．．．提供；以．．．裝備
pull down 拆掉
put … into 把…放進…
put in 放進；插入；進入
put off 推遲；拖延
put on 穿上
put up 展示;張貼
radio station 廣播台；電台
*raise money for charity 為慈善募捐
rather than 與其……（不如……）；不是……（而是……）
remind of 提醒；使記起
report card 成績報告單
return to 回到…
ride one's bike 騎車
right away 立刻；馬上
right now 立即；此刻
run away 跑開；迅速離開；逃走
run off 跑掉；迅速離開
run out of （貯存物、供應品等）用盡；缺乏
*sales assistant 售貨員
school bus 校車
school day 學校上課日
school night 學生有課的晚上
school party 校會
school play 校園劇
school team 校隊
school trip 郊遊
*science fiction 科幻小說
seem like 好像…
send… to… 派/送…去…
set off 激起；引起
*set tables 將餐具放在餐桌上
set up 建立；創立；開辦
y 握手
show up 出席；露面
small talk 閑聊
snow globe 裡面有雪花的球形玻璃器（裝飾品）
so far 到目前為止
so... that 以便；致使
soap opera （電台或電視）連續劇
soccer ball 英式足球
some day 來日；將來某一日
some of 一些
sometime 於某時；在某一時間
somewhere 在某處；到某處
sound like 聽起來像
space station 空間站；太空站
speech contest 講演比賽
sports camp 運動野營
sports show 體育節目
*Spring Festival 春節
stand for 代表；表示
start with 以……開始
stay at home 呆在家裡
stay away from 與．．．保持距離
stay healthy 保持健康
stay out late 在外面待到很晚
stay up 不去睡；熬夜
stressed out 緊張的；有壓力的
study hard 學習努力
suffer from 受……之苦；受……之害
summer camp 夏令營
sweep the floor 清掃地板；掃地
swimming pool 游泳池
table manners 餐桌規矩；席間舉止
table tennis 乒乓球
take a day off 放一天假
take a holiday 放假
take a photo 照相
take a shower 沐浴;洗澡
take a taxi 計程車
take a vacation 去度假
take a walk 散步
take after （在外貌、性格的方面）與（父母）相像
take an interest in 對…產生興趣
take away 拿走；拿開
take care of 照看；照顧
take class 上課
take lessons 上課；聽課
take notes 做筆記；做記錄
take off 起飛
take out 取出
take part in 參加
take photos 照相
take place 發生
take pride in 對．．．感到自豪
take the subway 乘坐地鐵
take walks 去散步
*talent show 才藝表演
talk about 談論
talk show 談話節目
telephone number 電話號碼
*tennis racket 網球拍
thanks to 多虧了…;幸虧
thank-you note 感謝信
the art of giving 給予的藝術
the day after tomorrow 後天
*the Great Wall 長城
the more… , the more… 越… 越…
the other day 幾天以前；前幾天
*The Palace Museum 故宮
the same 一樣
the same as 與……相同
*The United Kingdom 大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國
the United States 美國（簡稱 the US）
the USA =the United States of America 美國（縮略形式）
the whole day 一整天
*theme park 主題公園
these days 現在；目前
think about 考慮；思考
think of 考慮；認為
think of … as 認為……是……；把……當作……
think up 想出
thousands of 成千上萬的
three and a half years 三年半
throw away 拋卻；丟掉；扔掉
to be honest （作插入語）老實說；說實在的
to one's surprise 令某人驚奇的是．．．
too much 太多
too……to 太……而不能……
*tour guide 導游
travel abroad 出國旅行
travel to 去…(旅行)
try one's best 盡力做．．．
try to do 設法
turn down 調低聲音
turn on 打開（電器）
TV station 電視台
UFO =Unidentified Flying Object 不明飛行物；飛碟
use up 用完；用光；耗盡
used to 過去經常；以前常常
very mnch 非常
*video arcade 電子游戲中心
*video cassette 錄象帶
VIP = very important person 要人；貴賓
volleyball match 排球賽
wait a minute 等一會兒
wait for 等候;等待
wait in line 排隊等候
want ad 招聘廣告，徵求廣告
wake up 醒來
watch TV 看電視
water park 水上公園
*water slide 水滑道
web site 網址
welcome party 迎新會
well known 出名的；眾所周知的
what about …怎麼樣
what kind 什麼種類（表示詢問）
what time 幾點;什麼時候
win a prize 得獎
*win an award 獲獎
work on 忙於
work out 結局；至最後；結果為
work with friends 和朋友一起學習
World Cup 世界盃足球賽
worry about 擔心；憂慮
would like to 想要；願意
write down 寫下；記下
*yard sale 庭院舊貨出售；（在賣主家當場進行的）現場舊貨出售
year(s) old …歲(年齡)
B. 初三英語，語法知識，
1 選C 這題有for three weeks表一段時間，動詞必須是延續性的。而go away是瞬間動詞不能與一段專時間連用，所以改成延續屬性的be away, be的現在完成時是has been.所以選C
2. A。 只要延續性動詞可以與一段時間連用。這題只有be動詞表狀態，為延續性類，BCD的動詞都是短暫性的。
C. 中考（人教版）英語總復習（語法與短語）等全部知識系統綜合知識要點
自己去書店選好的語法書吧
D. 中考英語里會考到哪些語法知識
這個量比較大，中考用的推薦你用 中考語法完全突破 視頻教程很不錯，你可以網路來聽聽
E. 求取：初三英語全部語法知識
. 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。
時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。
I don』t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
2. 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示』寧願某人做某事』
I』d rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)
注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情態動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
3. used to / be used to
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現在習慣於散步)
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It』s 69568442.
A. didn』t B. couldn』t C. don』t D. can』t
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看 出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。
4. 一般將來時
1) shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。
The play is going to be proced next month。
c. 有跡象要發生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
5. be going to / will
用於條件句時， be going to 表將來
will 表意願
If you are going to make a journey, you』d better get ready for it a s soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
6. be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排)
I』m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排)
7. 一般現在時表將來
1）下列動詞：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2）倒裝句，表示動作正在進行，如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3）在時間或條件句中。
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
I』ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4）在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等後。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
11. 用於現在完成時的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…結構，that 從句要用現在完成時.
This is the best film that I』ve (ever) seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影。
This is the first time (that) I』ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時，故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it』s the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用於完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。
注意：非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
（錯）I have received his letter for a month.
（對）I haven』t received his letter for almost a month.
12. 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續時間長度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意：並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(現在我仍在這里工作。)
小竅門： 當現在完成時+一段時間，這一結構中，我們用下面的公式轉化，很容易就能排除非延續動詞在完成時中的誤使。
1) (對) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2) (錯) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然，第二句不對，它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
13. since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraate student.
被動語態的幾種類型
1）主語句中有一個賓語的被動語態，如：
He saw her in the shop yesterday.
She was seen in the shop yesterday.
2) 主語有兩個賓語的被動語態
Li Lei gave me a chemistry book.
I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.
A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.
3）主動句中含賓語補足語的句子的被動語態
若賓語補足語是不帶to 的不定式，變為被動語態時，該不定式前要加"to"。此類動詞為
感官動詞：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
若賓語補足語是帶to的不定式，那麼被動語態仍保留to:
Mother told me not to be late
I was told not to be late by mother.
5）情態動詞+ be +過去分詞，構成被動語態。
Coal can be used to proce electricity for agriculture and instry.
6）表示"據說"或"相信" 的片語
believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that… 據說
It is reported that… 據報道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 眾所周知
It is thought that… 大家認為
It is suggested that… 據建議
It is taken granted that… 被視為當然
It has been decided that… 大家決定
It must be remember that…務必記住的是
It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.
14. 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷； 瞬間動詞表示行為的結 果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I』ve known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2) 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn』t come back until ten o』clock.
他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o』clock.
他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don』t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響，我知道她的模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發生的動作，因此用現在完成時。
2.---I』m sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始，持續到現在，應用現
. 不定式作賓語
1) 動詞+ 不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
舉例：
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。
2）動詞+不定式 ； 動詞+賓語+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。
3） 動詞+疑問詞+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can』t make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。
注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時，謂語動詞用單數。
The question is how to put it into practice.
問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。
2. 不定式作補語
1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel ince inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。
b. We believe him to be guilty.
我們相信他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法：
Find 後可用分詞做賓補，或先加形式賓語，再加形容詞，最後加帶to 的動詞不定式。find後也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有get，have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
典型例題:
The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
答案：A.find的賓語後面，用分詞或分詞短語，起賓語補足語作用。現在分詞表達主動，也表達正在進行，過去分詞表達被動。
2) to + be 的不定式結構，作補語的動詞。
Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understand
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我們認為湯姆是班上最好的學生之一。
典型例題
Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說明發明這一個事實，不定式後用原形即可。而C為現在完成時，發明為點動詞一般不用完成時，且此處也不強調對現在的影響，因此不選C。
3) to be +形容詞
Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
The book is believed to be uninteresting.
人們認為這本書沒什麼意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
We didn』t expect there to be so many people there.我們沒料到會有那麼多人在哪裡。
注意 ： 有些動詞需用as 短語做補語，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認為湯姆是我們最好的老師。
Mary took him as her father . 瑪麗把他當作自己的父親。
. 不定式作主語
1） It』s easy (for me) to do that.我做這事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
It』s so nice to hear your voice.
聽到你的聲音真高興。
It』s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
當你不用車的時候，鎖車是有必要的。
2) It』s very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。
Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考慮周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們任何東西，這顯得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系動詞如，look，appear等也可用於此句型
2) 不定式作為句子成分時，動詞用單數形式。
3) 當不定式作主語的句子中又有一個不定式作表語時，不能用It is… to…的句型
(對)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。
(錯)It is to believe to see.
4. It』s for sb.和 It』s of sb.
1）for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It』s very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It』s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。
for 與of 的辨別方法：
用介詞後面的代詞作主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：
You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應用for。)
3) 祁使句（Imperative Sentence）
祈使句往往是用來表示說話人的請求、命令、要求、建議，等等。祈使句的主語常被省略，因為這個主語很明確地是聽話人"you"。當然，有時為了強調或表示某種感情，句子也會帶上主語。
祈使句的謂語用動詞原形；它的否定形式是句首用Don't + 動詞原形，或是Not to + 動詞原形。例如：
Be quiet , please ! （大家）請安靜。
Stand up ! 起立！
Don't smoke in the office . 請不要在辦公室吸煙。
Don't be standing in the rain . 別站在雨里。
Not to be careless when you're driving a car . 開車時不要粗心大意。
4) 感嘆句（Exclamatory Sentence）
感嘆句表示說話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強烈的情緒。這類句子中，有很多是由What或How引起的。What 用來強調名詞，How則強調形容詞、副詞或動詞。這類句子的構成只需將所強調或是說，所感嘆的對象放到句首；句子無需倒裝，句子要用正常語序。 當然，如果不用這種句型，而句子（無論是那種句子）本身又表示了上述的種種情緒，那麼該句也就成了感嘆句。例如：
What a fine day it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
How fine it is today ! 今天天氣多好啊！
What a lovely son you have !你有個多可愛的兒子啊！
How lovely your son is ! 你的兒子多可愛
如果還有什麼不明白 請問我 隨時恭候 我英語今年高考可考了120多啊
F. 初三英語語法知識點（只問一個很簡單的）要快
1. be used to do是被動語態，表示「抄被用作…」 例如：The knife is used to cut things.小刀是被用作切東西的。
2. used to do是主動語態，意思是「過去常常做某事」，表示現在不這樣做了。
例如：He used to get up early.他過去常常早起。
G. 中考英語語法知識點有哪些
八個時態：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、現在完成時、現在完成進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時
被動語態；時態語態結合
定語從句；賓語從句；狀語從句
冠詞、數詞、動詞變形