㈠ 高一英語語法全部詳解
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如:
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯,講的可不行。
比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時,用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作,表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志,表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況,所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如:時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?
2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。例如:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候,常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時,布朗一家無論什麼時候去,都受到熱烈歡迎。
㈡ 高一英語第一二單元語法句型歸納
agree vi.同意;持相同意見I cannot agree with you on this point.在這一點上,我不能同意你的意見。
sb agree with sb 同意某人的話,意見
sth agree with sb 某物,某事適應某人 agree to sb 建議 agree on sth 在某一點上取得一致意見
agree up sth 在某一點上取得一致意見 agree to do sth 同意干某事
break vt.打破;損壞;破壞 We should all take a little break before dessert. 吃甜點之前我們大家應該稍微休息一下。 break down 機器壞了=go wrong 身體垮了/終止談話 11) I had never seen a grown man break down and cry. 我從未曾看到過一個這么強壯的漢子痛哭失聲。
break in 闖入,插話 break off 忽然停止講話/斷絕,結束/暫停工作,休息
break out (戰爭等)爆發;逃出(無被動式) break through 打破包圍
break up 驅散,學校的放學 The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驅散人群。 break away from 脫離,逃說,與...斷絕來往/改變某種習慣
bring vt.拿來;帶來;取來 I'll bring some of my pictures into the gallery. 我就帶一些我的攝影到藝廊來。 bring about =cause, result in, lead to bring down 使倒下,使下降 bring force 使產生,引起
bring forward 提出建議=put forward/提前
bring in =get in the pops/使得到某種收入 Mr. Li: Oh… would you kindly allow me to bring in h… would you kindly allow me to bring in the civet rian? It is the favorite of my sister.李先生:喔…您能允許我帶些榴槤嗎?它是我姐姐最喜歡的水果。 bring back to one's mind 使回想起
bring up sb 撫養某人 bring up sth 提出 bring up 嘔吐 bring to an end 結束=come to an end
call vt.叫喊;打電話給… I'll call the roll before class. 課前我要點名。
call on sb 拜訪,號召 call at 訪問(某人的家);(火車、船)停靠
call for 需要 And there's a phone call for you, Mr. Bennett. Bennett先生 有你的電話。
call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事 call off 取消(計劃,比賽)
call out (call out+to sb.)大聲地叫 call up sb 打電話
call in 請進來 We'll call in a couple of days. 我們兩三天後打電話。
carry vt.攜帶;運載;傳送 Another generation to carry on the Stewart name. 這是承繼Stewart家族香火的新一代。
carry out 進行到底,貫徹執行 4) Tomorrow, Sandra will carry out the garbage. 明天珊多拉將會收拾垃圾的。 carry out 是成就、完成的慣用語,但在此地,一看便知並非這種意思。可把它想像做從廚房把 garbage 運到外面去。
carry on 進行下去,堅持下去 Another generation to carry on the Stewart name. 這是承繼Stewart家族香火的新一代。 carry away 拿走,入迷,被...吸引 carry forward 推進,發揚(精神)
carry off 搶走,奪走/獲得獎品 carry through 進行到底,完成計劃 carry sb through 使...渡過難關
catch vt.捉;抓住 vi.接住 We didn't catch anything. 我們什麼也沒有釣著。
catch up 趕上 33. He shut himself away for a month to catch up on his academic work.他與世隔絕一個月,力圖把功課趕上去。
catch on 勾住,絆倒 catch at 想抓住 A drowning man will catch at a straw. 溺水者見草也要抓;急何能擇。 be caught in the rain 被雨淋 catch up with 趕上某人,補上工作
clear a.清澈[晰]的 vt.清除 It is said it will clear up tonight. 天氣預報說今晚雨就會停。
clear up (天氣)轉晴,澄清事實,整理收拾 It is said it will clear up tonight. 天氣預報說今晚雨就會停。
clear away 清除掉,去掉,消散 clear off 消除(積雪)等障礙,把...拆掉,擦掉,清除
come vi.到來; 變得; 到達 May I come in? 我能進來嗎?
come across 偶然發現,偶然遇到
come on 快點(口),開始,到來,舉行,走吧,一起去 Oh, come on now. 噢 別這樣了。
come at 向...撲過來,向...襲擊 7. We may come at another time.我們可以另找個時間來。
come down 倒下,(溫度,價格)下降,病倒 come forward 涌現,主動地響應要求做某事
come in 進來,上市 And have you had an engineer come in to do an inspection? 你們可有一個工程師來做過檢查嗎
come from 來自於 I come from Japan. 我來自日本。 come out 出來,出發,結果 Did Mitchell Johnson's review come out yet? Mitchell Johnson的評論出來了沒有 ?
come to 蘇醒,總共,達到,得到諒解 When will he come to see you? 他什麼時候來看你?
come up sb 走進 come up 種子生長發育,被提出 and I'll come up with something. 我會想出個辦法的。
come to one's rescuers 幫助
come true 實現 I know, but it's still a dream come true. 我知道 但這終究是一個夢想實現了。
cut v.割,切,削減,切斷 they cut patches 剪下布塊
cut sth in half 把...砍成兩半 cut away 切除 He cut away a dead branch.他砍掉一根枯乾的樹枝。
cut through 走近路,剌穿 cut down 砍倒,減少,壓縮(開支)
cut off 切斷(關系,來往),中止(電話,思維) 3. He was cut off from his fellows.他和同伴失去聯系。
cut out 刪掉/改掉(惡習),停止 in a short cut 訣竅
do v.aux.助動詞(無詞意) What do you call this in English? 這個用英語怎麼說?
do with 涉及到 What are you going to do with the books? 你打算拿這些書怎麼辦?
do up one's hair 盤起長發 do up sth 包/捆起來 do out 打掃,收拾
do away with =get rid of 廢除,去掉,取消
die vi.死亡; 枯死; 熄滅 I will die before I'll eat that carrot. 如果要我吃胡蘿卜,我寧願去死。
dir from 因飢渴,戰爭,被污染的意外死亡 die off 因年老,疾病而死亡
die away 聲音變弱,漸漸消失/停息,消失 die down 慢慢地熄滅(風,火)
die out 熄滅,變弱,消失,滅絕(動物)
fall vi.落下;跌倒;陷落 to fall 墜下,掉下
fall a sleep 去睡覺=go to sleep fall ill 病了 335. Be careful not to fall ill. 注意不要生病了。
fall across 遇見(偶然) fall back 後退,後撤 fall behind 落後,跟不上
fall in 集合/陷入 29. The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in proction.戰爭帶來的必然結果就是生產力下降。
fall into 陷入+名詞 A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹,長一智。
fall off 減少,從...摔下來 to fall off a bench 從長椅上掉下來 fall on 看到,落在...上面
fall short of 缺乏 fall out of 放棄
get vi.變得,成為;到達 When do you get up everyday? 每天你幾點起床?
get about 到處走,消息的傳開 Don't forget about the bet. 別忘了打賭的事。
get across 穿過,講清楚使人了解,領會The children began to get across at each other. 孩子們開始爭吵了。 get away 逃掉,離開,擺脫 1. I hope to get away early in the morning.我希望一早就動身離開。
get down 從…下來,寫下來,記下來,病了/使某人不安 It's time to get down to business now. 是進入正題的時候啦。
get along with sth 進展得 get along with sb 相處
get in 進去,進站,收進來,收帳 Yeah. Yeah. Let's get in our lines. 是啊 是啊。請排好位置。
get off 離開,下車 You can take the bus and get off at the second stop. 你可以坐公共汽車第二站下。
get on 上車 157. Don't get on my nerves!(不要攪得我心煩。)
get out 拔出,傳開 I need to get out more. 我需要多出門去。
get over 克服(困難),從病中恢復過來,不接from Yes, I know, but he'll get over it. 是的 我知道 過一下就會好的。 get around =spread 傳開
get through 完成,通過,用完,從人群中通過,接通電話 11. It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs.我們的海關檢查只花了幾分鍾時間。
get to 到達,抓住問題的要害,本質 Excuse me, how can I get to the bus station? 對不起,汽車站怎麼走? get together 聚會,聯歡 92. Let's get together one of these days.(找一天聚聚。)
get in a word 策劃 get into trouble 陷入 get rid off 擺脫,去掉
give vt.給出,賦予,發生 If you have more, please give me some. 如果你有多的,請給我。
give away 分發,贈送,頒發,背叛,出賣,暴露 give in 屈服
give off 放出(氣體,光) 15) Those flowers look pretty but don't give off a nice smell. 這些花看似漂亮,但是氣味並不好。
give out 使人筋疲力盡 7) Some restaurants give out an odor that reaches to the street. 一些餐廳裡面的氣味飄到了街上。 odor 是指比 scent 更濃更清楚的味道。
give up 放棄,停止做某事 455. He resolved to give up smoking. 他決心戒煙。
give over 讓位於=give way to被取代 give away to 被取代 give rise to 引起,導致From mutual understanding, a comfortable situation has been creation. 由於彼此的了解,因而建立了愉快的關系。create 除了"創造"以外,還有"give rise to, cause"的意思。
go vi.離開; 移動; 運行 I have to go now. 我必須走了。
go bad 變壞;變酸;腐敗 go red 變紅 go hungry 挨餓 go wrong 出錯;發生故障
go about 隨便走/進行 33. Could you please inform me how to go about contacting a lawyer?請您告訴我怎樣去聯絡律師?
go after 追趕 go ahead 說吧,走吧,做吧(口語),走在前面 Good.now we can go ahead and write up the order. 好極了,現在我們可以准備下單了。 go at 從事於
go beyond 超出 It can go beyond the school system, Ellen. 這可以推廣到學校體制以外 Ellen。
go by =pass 經過,過去 76. He let a week go by before answering the letter.他一周以後才回信。
go down 下降 I'll go down to Henry's grocery. He's always open. 我到亨利雜貨店去。那裡總是開門營業的 go into 進入 Yes, you're right. After all, she is smart enough to go into business.是啊,你說的對。畢竟,她完全有經商才智。 go off 消失,腐敗,壞的
go out (火)熄滅,過時了,罷工 Why not go out for a walk? 干嗎不出去散步?
go over 復習,檢查 to go over to the construction site with me? 去看一看建築工地嗎
go through 審閱/經歷了(痛苦,困難),完成 Would you like to go through our factory some time? 什麼時候來看看我們的工廠吧?
go up 提高,上漲(價格) I can go up to the lodge for some hot dogs and drinks. 我可以到那邊小屋去弄些熱狗和飲料來。rise up 起來反抗 He that lies down (sleeps) with dogs must rise up with fleas. 與惡人交終會變惡;近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
go around 分配,傳播,傳開 OK, let's go around the table. 好 讓我們順著桌子來。
go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事
go back to 追溯到… I'll work for 5 years and then go back to school. 我會工作五年,然後會學校。
go with 相配=match=go along with They had excepted me to go with them. 他們原本希望我和他們一起去。 go well with 協調 Salesgirl: Sure. We have both skirts and trousers that would go well with the sweater. Look to this section.女店員:當然。我們有裙子和長褲都可以配那件毛衣。看看這邊。
go too far 太過分了,走太遠了
hold vt.懷有,持有(見解等) No, the restaurant will hold our table. 不會 餐廳會保留我們的席位。
hold up 主持,耽擱,延誤,繼續下去,拿起
hold back 阻擋,忍住,保留,隱瞞 hold down 控制,鎮壓=put down
hold off 延誤,保持距離,使"疏遠"
hold on 堅持下去,停止,別掛(電話) He gave them to me to hold on to them 他給我戒指 要我自己保管
hold out 堅持到勝利,支持,維持,伸出 hold to 堅持某個看法(路線),緊緊地抓住 OK, hold to the right. 好 在右邊停住。
hunt vt.追獵;追趕 vi.打獵 He that will have a hare to breakfast must hunt overnight. 早餐想吃野兔肉,頭晚就須去捕捉。 hunt for 尋找 hunt out 找出來 hunt throw 翻找
keep vt.保存,保持;留住 We keep in touch with each other by Email since he left China. 他離開中國以後,我們用Email保持聯系。
keep to 堅持某種習慣,遵循,靠(左右) 8. In England traffic must keep to the left.在英國,車輛必須靠左行駛。 keep back 留在後面,阻止,忍住 keep down 控制,下降,縮減開支
keep off 避開,遠離,讓開 keep out 使其等在外面,不讓進入
keep up 保持,維持,鼓足勇氣 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep sth from sb 把某事瞞著某人 keep up with 跟上
knock vi.&vt.&n.敲,擊,打 174. Why don't you knock it off? 為什麼不把它關掉?
knock into sb 撞到某人身上;偶然遇到 knock sth down 降低價格,拆除,縮減開支
knock off 下班,停工,很快地寫出文章 knock sb up 匆匆做飯,敲門把某人叫醒,使某人疲倦
knock at 敲(門) 6.Yhere was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.(有人敲門,那是那天晚上打擾我的第二個。) knock sb up 把某人叫醒
know vt.知道;認識;通曉 Do you know where I've put my glasses? 你知道我把眼鏡擱哪兒了嗎?
know about 了解,知道情況 How much do you know about the works of George Eliot? 喬治
㈢ 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點
一. 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現
二. 現在進行時
1. 說話時正在進行的動作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構
1. With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1.基本表達式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去)
3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等)
4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動作已經完成)
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如:I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。
注意:比較過去時與現在完成時
1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.
(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時
1. 概念:表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.現在完成進行時
1.其構成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下:
2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如:
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6.否定句構成:
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7.一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他
㈣ 高一英語所有的語法...
look up 抬頭向上看
look up to sb尊敬某人 look down on 輕視
a well-dressed lady 一位穿著講究的女士
glance at 瞥一眼
greet sb with a smile 用微笑打招呼
a senior employee資深的員工
be senior to 比…年長的,資深的
prefer sth to sth 喜歡….不喜歡…..
prefer doing a to doing b喜歡做a不喜歡做b
prefer to do a rather than do b寧願做a而不願做b
the way +that 做….的方式,方法
+in which
+ /
more than 超過,不只是,經常
more than speaking and listening 不只是
gesture 手勢
expression 表情
expression on your face 你的臉部表情
appearance 外貌,外表
appear 出現,似乎 disappear消失
It appears that….. 似乎,好像
communicate with sb 交流
communicate sth to sb 把(信息,消息)傳遞給某人
keep up/lose communication with sb 與某人保持/失去聯系
leave/make/ give sb a good impression leave/make /give a good impression on sb 給某人留下很好的印象
make sb feel+ adj. 是某人覺得….
decide to do sth 決定做某事
decide on sth= choose 選擇
for assistance 為了得到幫助
improve 提高
smile at sb 像某人微笑
enter the classroom 走進教室
enter for 報名參加
it seems to work 這好像起作用了
without hesitation 毫不猶豫
hesitate to do sth 猶豫做某事,不願意做某事
remark 評論 downwards 向下的
sigh for sth 為…..嘆氣
remind sb to do sth /remind sb of sth /remind sb +從句 提醒某人(做)某事
throughout the history of mankind 在人類歷史上
in many situation 在許多情況下
the key to sth ….的關鍵
signal (n)信號 ,(v)示意,表示
hostility 敵意
confusion 困惑
in western culture 在西方文化里
maintain eye contact 保持眼神交流
contact v. & n. 交往,聯系
keep contact with sb 與某人取得聯系
lose contact with sb 與某人失去聯系
avoid doing 避免做某事
in authority 掌權
as a matter of fact =in fact 事實上
for instance =for example 比如
concentration 專心
concentrate(v.) on sth 集中時間做某事
subtle 微妙的,細微的
consider sth as sth 把…看作…
be considered (as) sth 認為,看作
consider doing sth 考慮做某事
stare at 盯著
be rude to sb = be impolite to sb 不禮貌
boredom 無聊
lack(n.) of sth缺少
lack(v.) sth
respect v.& n. 尊敬
lead to =result in=give rise to導致
lead to this road 通向這條路
unit 2
call on sb =drop in on sb 拜訪某人
call at some place =drop in at some place拜訪某地
care for your hair 照料你的頭發
hairstyle 發型
suit sb 適合某人
guarantee to do sth 保證做某事
guarantee sth to sb 向某人保證
be /feel on top of the world 覺得興高采烈
get advice from expert 從專家那得到建議
curl 卷發
angle 稜角
keep healthy 保持健康
eat a balanced diet 吃均衡的飲食
plenty of 許多,大量
in addition 另外
look after = take care of 照顧
shampoo 洗發劑
it is adj. for sb to do sth
it is adj. of sb to do sth
effective 有效的
conditioner 護發素
apply 使用
apply to 使用,申請,塗
apply to the company for the position 向公司申請某個職位
squeeze out 擠出
damage(v) sth 損害某物
do damage(n) to sth
loosen 使松
dirt 灰塵
comb n.& v. 梳子 梳頭發
hairdryer 吹風機
wash out 洗掉
at least 至少
remember to do sth 記得要去做某事(沒做)
remember doing sth 記得做過某事(做了)
overuse 過度使用
suggest doing sth 建議做某事
make / put forward a suggestion 提出建議
normal 正常的
wet (v)把….弄濕 Some people…..while others……一些人….然而另一些人…..
bald 禿頂
as a result of 由於
a result of …..的結果
ensure 確保,保證
pay attention to sth/to doing sth 注意
protein 蛋白質
adequate 足夠的
eight to ten glasses of water 喝8-10 杯水
keep sth from doing sthe 避免
rob sb of sth 搶了某人的東西
steal sth from sb 偷了某人的東西
shiny 閃亮的
remedy for …..的療法
rinse your hair 沖洗掉你的頭發
help sb/sth do 幫助做某事
regularly 經常的
be sure to 務必,確保
the key to sth …..的關鍵
dairy proct 乳製品
stress 精神壓力
rub your hair 搓你的頭發
Unit 3
places of interests = tourist attraction旅遊景點
the Great Wall 長城
be interested in 對….有興趣
show interest in
interests 利益
twist and turn 蜿蜒曲折(v.)
twist the truth 扭曲事實
turn down 拒絕
turn up 出現
turn out 結果是
turn to 求助於
turn over移交
mountain chains 山脈
construction of sth ….的建造
be under construction 在建設中
take shape 成型
be designed by 被誰設計
complete 完成
completion
magnificent壯麗的,宏偉的
from a distance 從遠處看
structure 建築物
base 底座
include 包含---exclude 不包含
gallery (藝術品)展覽館
bronze ware 青銅器
sculpture 雕塑
calligraphy 書法
seal 印章
furniture 傢具
it takes+一段時間for sb to do sth 做什麼事情花費某人多少時間
historical 有關歷史的
historic 歷史性的
preserve the buildings 保存,保護這些大樓
preservation 保護區
be admitted to some places被允許進入
admit to doing sth 承認做某事
scenery 風景
landscape,風景,山水
landscape painting 山水畫 odd 古怪的,奇數
reflection 倒影,反思
the remains of sth ….的遺跡
ancient temple 古老的廟宇
be the pride of sth 是…..的驕傲
be proud of =take pride in 對…..感到驕傲
abandon v.& n. 放棄
access(n) to sth 到達,有….的權利
access(v) some places
fall of the roman empire 羅馬帝國的衰落
stadium 競技場
fall into ruin 成為廢墟
hold more than 5000 people 容納超過五千人
wonder 奇跡
tomb 墳墓
overlook 俯瞰
sit in the stands 坐在看台上
civilization 文明
be made of 有…..製成(看得到材料)
be made from 有…..製成(看不見材料)
be attracted by 被…吸引
unit4
surprise n. & vt.驚奇,吃驚
to one』s surprise令人驚訝的
be surprised to do sth吃驚的做某事
studio studios演播室
film v.& n.拍攝,電影
director導演
contestant競爭者
contest v.& n.競爭,比賽
contest with=compete with競爭
a speech contest 演講比賽
whisper 低語
whisper to sb向某人低語
on the stage在舞台上
faint adj &v. & n. 微弱的,暈倒,昏厥
a faint hope 渺茫的希望
faint with 因…..而暈倒
in a dead faint 不省人事
gasp 喘著氣說
gasp out 氣喘吁吁地說出
off the stage 下舞台
raise one』s hand 舉起某人的手
rush forward 沖向
powder one』s face 在臉上抹粉
comb one』s hair 梳頭發
make-up artist 化妝師
cue sb 給某人提示
clap拍手
boom 低沉地說
terrific 極好的
be ahead of 領先
tense 緊張的
sit on the edge of one』s seat 坐在座位的邊緣
chew one』s fingernails 要手指甲
keep still 靜止不動
make sb up 化妝
make up one』s mind 下定決心做某事
make up sth 編造
make up for 彌補
a bag of nerves 一個神經緊張的人
cameraman 攝影師
seat v. 使坐下
quiz 智力競賽
trend 趨勢
entertainment technology 娛樂科技
feel like + n/adj. 感覺就像
feel like sth /doing 想要什麼,想要做什麼
imax dome theatre 3D電影院
the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum
上海科技館
surround 環繞
surroundings 環境
audience 觀眾
achieve a similar effect 達到相似的效果
flat-screen寬屏
be suspended on the wall被懸掛在牆上
digital technology 數字科技
be arranged round the viewers被安排圍繞著觀眾
arrange安排
be introced in 被引進
high- quality music 高質量音樂
no longer 不再
record v & n 記錄
cassette磁帶
stereo立體聲的
beat sb 戰勝某人
Unit 5
vegetarian 素食者
vegetable 素食
mixed grill 烤什錦
pork chops 豬排
steak 牛排
sausage 香腸
sound good to sb 聽起來很好
sound +adj.聽起來….
nor more 不再
the program on tv 電視節目
be influenced by 被…..影響
have an influence on = have an effect on
對….影響
on space 在太空
become an astronaut 成為宇航員
instry 工業
instrialization 工業化
spend time on sth 在……花時間
spend time in doing sth
in tiny spaces 在狹窄的空間里
get sick 生病
by the way 順便說一下
ought to 應該
instead of= in place of 替代
it contains vitamins and minerals 它包含維生素和礦物質
pesticide 農葯
be healthy for sb 有助於健康
the best source of energy 能量做好的來源
be full of energy = energetic
the importance of sth …..的重要性.
a variety of sth.多種多樣的
advise doing 建議做某事=suggest doing
advise sb (not ) to do 建議(不)要做某事
advise on sth 建議某事
a balanced diet 營養均衡的食物
warn sb of sth警告某人某事
warn sb not to do sth警告某人不要做某事
warn sb that從句
lack of (v.)缺少
a lack of (n.)
especially 尤其是,特別是 risk doing (v.) 冒險做某事
run the risk of doing sth
at the risk (n.)of= at the cost of 以 ….為代價
decide on 選定=choose
decide to do sth 決定做某事
tell from 區別
on one hand / on the other hand
在一方面,在另一方面
Crowd 聚集=gather together
Crowded 擁擠的
Pepper 胡椒粉
Grow種植
Cattle牛群appetite胃口
Cheeseburger干乳酪漢堡包
Milkshake奶昔
Increase增加
Heart attack心臟病
Intelligent 聰明的
Unit 6
agriculture 農業
farming務農
farm v. 務農,飼養
natural 自然的
grow plants in soil 在土裡種植植物
sources of …..的來源
zone 地區
nourish v. 滋養
nourishment n.滋養
mixture混合物fertilizer肥料
make the best use of 充分利用
experimental research on 關於..的實驗性實驗
facility 場所
involve 包含
profitable盈利的
chemical化學品
technique科技
prove to 證明
used to do過去常常
get/be used to doing習慣於
economic benefits經濟利益
appear amazed to do 看似很驚訝做某事
It appears that 好似
appear to do 好像要做某事
backward 落後的
high-tech高科技的
many forms of 許多形式
cancer癌症
health problems健康問題
as common as像…..一樣平常
account for 解釋,說明
in moderation 適中
in contrast to 相比之下
stay healthy保持健康
in comparison 與…..相比
be aware of 意識到
experience (v)經受
fortunately 幸運的
weight 重量
㈤ 高一英語必修一必修二語法歸納
主要語法有;引語,應該注意,當把直接引語變成間接引語時,主語版要隨著語景進行邏權輯變化;而謂語的變化是最重要的,要把現在的時態變成相應的過去時態。如果直接引語是一般過去時,就要變成過去完成時。如果直接引語是一般將來時,就不變。還有幾種情況不變的;直接引語敘述的是客觀真理,直接引語里有一個非常具體的時間狀語,如;in 1998等,也不變。再就是時間狀語,地點狀語都有些變化,你要看書後的列表。還有各種句型在變間接引語時要注意的問題。 定語從句;由關系代詞引導的定語,要注意兩條;先要看先行詞是什麼(人/物),再要看在從句里作什麼,也就是充當什麼成分,最後決定用什麼關系代詞。以上是一冊里的語法。第二冊有,關系副詞引導的定語從句,關鍵也要記住上邊 提到的兩條。還有被動語態。主要是謂語動詞的變化,最基本的是;be加過去分詞,各種時態都是在be上變化。其實高一真沒有太多太難的語法,多看看書,一定能學好。祝你成功!
㈥ 高一英語模塊1第二單元語法句型片語整理 急
(一)定語從句的結構:在復合句中,修飾某個名詞或代詞的句子(做這個名詞或代詞的定語)叫定語從句,定語從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞後面,被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語從句的先行詞,它與定語從句之間要有一個詞連接,這個詞指代先行詞的內容叫做關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞:that, which, who, whose, when, where, why)。先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語。
結構:先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.
4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.
5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.
(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句:
限定性定語從句:從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連。
非限定性定語從句:對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。
1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.
(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.
1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.
2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
㈦ 高一英語語法
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1) 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如:
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯,講的可不行。
比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時,用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作,表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志,表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況,所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如:時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?
2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。例如:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候,常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時,布朗一家無論什麼時候去,都受到熱烈歡迎。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時,作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等,而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去,現已不復存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含義:她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含義:她現在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義:達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義:現在還住在肯塔基州,有可能指剛離去)
注意: 用過去時表示現在,表示委婉語氣。
1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:
Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。
2)情態動詞 could, would。例如:
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車,能借用一些嗎?
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do:"過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態,但如今已不存在。例如:
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。
be used to + doing: 對……已感到習慣,或"習慣於",to是介詞,後需加名詞或動名詞。例如:
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。
典型例題
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語,但從語意上看出,在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去,因此應用過去時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.4 一般將來時
1) shall用於第一人稱,常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱,在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如:
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎?
2) be going to +不定式,表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖,即將做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢?
b. 計劃,安排要發生的事。例如:The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。
c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲,快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表將來,按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如:
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。
4) be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。例如:
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。
注意:be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時,be going to表將來,will表意願。例如:
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如:
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客觀安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主觀安排)
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.7 一般現在時表將來
1)下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來,主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開?十分鍾後。
2)以here, there等開始的倒裝句,表示動作正在進行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。
3)在時間或條件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來後,讓他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡,就寫信給你。
4)在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前,務必把窗戶關了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.8 用現在進行時表示將來
下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎?
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.9 現在完成時
現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態,其結果的影響現在還存在;也可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態。其構成:have (has) +過去分詞。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時
1)一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時間狀語。
現在完成時的時間狀語:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的時間狀語。
共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (強調看的動作發生過了)
I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發生過了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子未交,疑為不公平競爭)
He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續)
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.11 用於現在完成時的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分,用現在完成時。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構,that 從句要用現在完成時。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
典型例題
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時,故選B。
(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時,反意詞為never,此兩詞常用於完成時。
注意:非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。
(錯)I have received his letter for a month.
(對)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.12 比較since和for
Since 用來說明動作起始時間,for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意:並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(現在我仍在這里工作。)
注意:用句型轉換的方法,很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1)(對) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(錯) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然,第二句不對,它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.13 since的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past six)。例如:
I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在這兒。
2) since +一段時間+ ago。例如:
I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒,已經有五個月了。
3) since +從句。例如:
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後,變化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後,變化可大了。
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如:
It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有兩年了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞
1) 用於完成時的區別
延續動詞表示經驗、經歷; 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如:
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)
I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)
2) 用於till / until從句的差異
延續動詞用於肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:
He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響,我知道她的模樣,你不用描述。再次,several times告知為反復發生的動作,因此用現在完成時。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始,持續到現在,應用現在完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.15 過去完成時
1) 概念:表示過去的過去
----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時,小偷們早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。
3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年,愛迪生開始自己謀生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
湯姆失望了,因為他到達晚會時,大部分客人已經走了。
典型例題
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前,因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去,用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點,表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下,when所引導的動作發生。因此前一句應用過去進行時。
注意: had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如:
I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。
had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如:
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車,轉眼又賣了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時
1) 兩個動作如按順序發生,又不強調先後,或用then,and,but 等連詞時,多用一般過去時。例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起來。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子,我把它丟了。
2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生,可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成,用過去完成時。例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 敘述歷史事實,可不用過去完成時,而只用一般過去時。例如:
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.17 將來完成時
1) 構成will have done
2) 概念
a. 狀態完成:表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。
b. 動作完成:表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前,已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此時,你已經到達上海了。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.18 現在進行時
現在進行時的基本用法:
a. 表示現在(指說話人說話時)正在發生的事情。例如:
We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。
b. 習慣進行:表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行。例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在寫另一部小說。(說話時並未在寫,只處於寫作的狀態。)
c. 表示漸變,這樣的動詞有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:
The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。
d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用,表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態,往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如:
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。
典型例題
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態,應用進行時,由於沒有找到,其影響仍然存在,應用完成時,瞬間動詞用於否定式時可用於完成時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.19 不用進行時的動詞
1)表示事實狀態的動詞,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two brothers. 我有兩兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。
2)表示心理狀態的動詞,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。
He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。
3)瞬間動詞,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:
I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。
4)系動詞,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.20 過去進行時
1)概念:表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2)過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景;一個長動作延續的時候,另一個短動作發生。
3) 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來,受了傷。
It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時,正下著雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到達山頂時,陽光燦爛。
典型例題
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情,應用過去時。同時,when表時間的同時性,"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景,因此用過去進行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時,用過去進行;一個長動作發生的時候,另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時,奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell(fall的過去時),是系動詞,後跟形容詞,如:fall sick。
參考資料:http://..com/question/13015035.html
㈧ 高一英語各單元語法,短語總結
把人間萬事去掉
㈨ 高一英語必修一第二單元語法
1. carry on\keep doing 堅持做某事
2. practise doing sth. 練習做某事
3. keep sb. Doing 使某人一直做某事
4. enjoy doing 喜歡做某事
5. finish doing 完成做某事
6. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事
7. (sth)be worth doing 值得做
8. be busy doing 忙於做某事
9. how about doing//what about doing 做某事怎麼樣
10. spend some time (in)doing 花時間做某事
11. spend some money (in) buying 花錢做某事
12. feel like doing 想做某事
13. stop/keep/prevent … from doing 阻止某人做某事
14. thank sb for doing 感謝某人做某事
15. thanks for doing 感謝做某事
16. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做點飯、打掃一下衛生、讀點書、逛逛街、洗洗衣服
17. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 去游泳、釣魚、逛街、滑冰、劃船
18. mind doing 介意做某事
19. prefer doing … to doing… 比起做某事更喜歡做某事
20. can』t help doing 情不自禁做某事
21. have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 做某事有趣、有困難、有困難、有困難
22. waste time/money doing 浪費時間、錢做某事
23. instead of doing 代替做某事
24. miss doing 錯過做某事
二、含有不帶to的動詞不定式句型:
1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
2. would you please (not) do sth. 你可以做某事嗎?
3. why not do sth. 為什麼不做某事?
4. why don』t you do sth. 為什麼你不做某事?
5. Shall we do sth.? 我們要做某事嗎?
6. let sb do sth. 讓某人做某事
7. make/have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
三、含有帶to的動詞不定式句型:
1. It』s time to do sth. 現在是做某事的時候了
2. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人時間
3. tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/ sb. to do sth. 告訴、叫、想、鼓勵、邀請某人做某事
4. Would you like to do sth.? 你想做某事嗎/
5. It』s good/bad to do sth. 做某事好、不好
6. It』s good/bad for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事好、不好
7. be+adj.+enough to do sth. 足夠+形容詞做某事
8. sb. is ready to do sth. 某人准備好做某事
9. It』s+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事對某人+形容詞(做這件事對你好)
10. It』s+adj.+ of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事+形容詞 (你做這件事真好)
11. would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth. 想、喜歡、決定、想、希望做某事
12. would like/love sb. to do sth. 想、喜歡某人做某事
13. Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧願做某事而不願做某事
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我寧願呆在家裡不願出去
14. how/ when/where/whether to do sth 怎麼、什麼時候、在哪裡、要不要做某事
15. can』t wait to do 迫不及待做某事
16. too … to do … 太怎麼樣而不能做某事
17. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do 害怕、准備、能夠、確定做某事
18. seem to do 似乎做某事
四、既用帶to的動詞不定式又用ing形式的句型:
1.stop to do/ doing 停下來做另一件事 停止做某事
2.forget to do/ doing 忘記做某事 忘記做過某事
3.remember to do/doing 記住做某事 記得做過某事
4.go on to do/doing 繼續做另一件事 繼續做某事
5.like to do/doing 喜歡做某事(臨時、長期)
6.love to do/doing 喜歡做某事 (臨時、長期)
7.prefer to do/doing 更喜歡做某事 (臨時、長期)
8.hate to do/doing 討厭做某事 (臨時、長期)
五、下列結構用帶to的動詞不定式和ing形式含義相同:
1.begin to do/doing 開始做某事
2.start to do/doing 開始做某事
3.continue to do/doing 繼續做某事
六、既用不帶to的動詞不定式又用現在分詞的句型:
用不帶to的動詞不定式強調動作的完成過程;用現在分詞強調動作的進行狀態。
1.hear sb do sth./doing 聽見某人做某事 聽見某人正在做某事
2.listen sb do sth./doing 聽某人做某事 聽某人正在做某事
3.look at sb do sth./doing 看某人做某事 看某人正在做某事
4.see sb do sth./doing 看見某人做某事 看見某人正在做某事
5.watch sb do sth./doing 觀察某人做某事 觀察某人正在做某事
6.notice sb do sth./doing 注意到某人做某事 注意到某人正在做某事
6.notice sb do sth./doing
㈩ 高一英語的語法內容
一般來說是由主語+謂語+賓語,有時有從句,如賓語從句,定語從句,狀語從句...
還有的是版祈使句。給權你道例題看:The
book
we
are
looking
forward
to
is
sold
out.
這里總會有人出錯。因為look
foeward
to後面一般加的是doing,但是we
are
looking
forward
to是定語從句,所以後面的謂語不必寫成doing