英語高一語法內容

❶ 高中英語語法包括哪些，哪些語法考試必考

一、高中英語語法：
基數詞
表示數目多少或順序先後的詞叫數詞。
1.基數詞的構成：
1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;
11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,
seventeen, ei
1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand m
Two of the girls are from Tokyo.
這些姑娘中有兩位來自東京。
2)作賓語：
Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.
四個人申請這工作，但我們僅需一人。
3)作表語：
The population of China is over 1.3 billion.
中國有十三億多人口。
I』m twenty while my brother is sixteen.
我二十歲，我弟弟十六歲。
4)作定語：
We have 300 workers in our company.
我們公司有三百名員工。
Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名學生參加了這次采訪。
5)作同位語：
You two clean these seats.
你們兩個打掃這些位子。
Have you got tickets for us three?
有我們三個人的票嗎?
序數詞
表示順序或等級。
1. 序數詞的構成：
1-10： first 1st; second 2nd; third 3rd; fourth 4th; fifth 5th; sixth 6th; seventh 7th;eighth 8th; ninth 9th; tenth 10th；
11-19： eleventh 11th; twelfth 12th; thirteenth 13th; fourteenth 14th ;fifteenth 15th; sixteenth 16th; seventeenth 17th; eighteenth 18th;nineteenth 19th；
20-90： twentieth 20th; thirtieth 30th; fortieth 40th; fiftieth 50th; sixtieth 60th;seventieth 70th; eightieth 80th; ninetieth 90th；
≥100：
100 hundredth；
1,000 thousandth；
1,000,000 millionth；
1,000,000,000 billionth
2、序數詞的用法
1）作主語：
The second is what I really need.
第二個是我真正需要的。
The first bottle has been full but the second is empty.
第一個瓶已滿，但第二個還空著。
2）作賓語：
I got a third in biology.
我生物得到了第三名。
Do you prefer the first or the second?
第一個和第二個你更喜歡哪一個呢？
3）作表語：
I will be the first to support you and the last to oppose you
.我將是第一個支持你的人，也是最不會反對你的人。
Columbus was the first who discovered America.
哥倫布是第一個發現美洲的人。
4）作定語：
I』ll try a second time and see if I can do it.
我還要試一次，看看我能否做得了。
Take the first turn to the right and then the second turn to the left and you』ll get there.
在第一個轉彎處向右轉，然後在第二個轉彎處向左轉就到了。
5）作狀語：
He came second in the race.
他在賽跑中得了第二名。
It was a snowy day when we first met.
我們初次見面時是一個下雪的日子。
3、 序數詞前冠詞的使用
1） 明確指明了先後順序或一系列事物按一定的規律排列時，序數詞前用定冠詞。
This is the second time that I have been in London.
這是我第二次來倫敦。
Alva is the fifth child of the Whites.
阿爾瓦市懷特家的第五個孩子。
2） 表示「又一、再一」，不強調順序時，序數詞前用不定冠詞。
You have bought four toys today. Why do you want to buy a fifth one?
今天你已經買了四個玩具了，為什麼還想再買一個呢？
I failed again, but I will try a third time.
我又失敗了，可是我要再試一次。
3） 序數詞前有形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格或其他修飾語時不用任何冠詞。
My first five years of childhood was spent with my grandparents.
我五歲前是和祖父母一塊度過的。
Mrs. Black』s second child is a genius.
布萊克夫人的第二個孩子是個天才。
4） 序數詞與名詞構成復合形容詞時，冠詞由被修飾詞而定。此時序數詞是復合形容詞的一部分而不是獨立的，前面的冠詞完全由這個形容詞所修飾的名詞而定。
This MPV car is a second-hand one.
這輛商務車是二手的。
Habit is second nature.
習慣是第二天性。
5） 序數詞還可作副詞，此時不用任何冠詞。
First I am short of money; second I haven』t enough time.
首先我缺錢，其次我沒有足夠的時間。
6） 序數詞用在表示「每隔……」的every 後，其前不用冠詞。
every second day 每隔一天
every fifth day 每隔四天
every second line 每隔一行
7） 某些固定搭配中序數詞前不用冠詞。
first of all 首先
at first 起初
at first sight 乍一看，第一
數詞的用法
1. 分數：表示分數時，分子須用基數詞，分母須用序數詞。
（分子是1以上的任何數時，作分母的序數詞要用復數形式。）
1） 真分數通常用英語單詞表達。
one-fourth 四分之一
two-fifths 五分之二
a quarter 四分之一
2） 分子和分母的數目較大時，兩者都用基數詞，之間用over/by/out of/in 連接。
Seven over/out of/in twenty of the students have passed the flight test.
二十個學生中有七個通過了飛行測試。
3） 帶分數：「整數+ and + 分數部分」。
Two and a quarter inches of rain fell over the weekend.
周末期間的降雨量達二又四分之一英寸。
2. 小數：小數總是用阿拉伯數字表達。小數點後不論有多少位都不能用逗號分開，但小數點之前的數依然按照三位一個逗號的原則書寫。
0.786432 120,372.428
注意：小數點前的數按普通基數詞的讀法讀，小數點後的數每一位都要單獨讀。
15.503 讀作fifteen point five zero three
0.05 讀作zero point zero five
3. 百分數：百分數中的數目用阿拉伯數字，後接percent或百分號（%），在專業統計或表格中常用%代替percent，在句首時則用英語單詞書寫。
I have invested 40 percent of my income.
我把40%的收入用作投資了。
Farmers』 income has increased by 30%.
農民的收入已經增加了30%。
4、 倍數：表示倍數時，一倍用once，兩倍 用twice/double，三倍以上用「基數詞+ times」。
1）「倍數 + as many/much … as …」
My deskmate claims to have twice as many stamps as I.
我同桌聲稱他的郵票是我的兩倍。
This computer costs three times as much as that one.
這台計算機的價格是那台的三倍。
2）「倍數 + the size of …」
用法與size相同的名詞常見的有weight（重量），height（高度），depth（深度），width（寬度），age（年齡），length（長度）等。
Our playground is five times the size of theirs.
我們的操場是他們的五倍大。
This street is twice/double the width of that one.
這條大街是那條大街的兩倍寬。
3）「倍數 + what從句」
The value of the house is double what it was.
這所房子的價值是原來的兩倍。
People』s average income is almost five times what they earned ten years ago.
人們的平均收入是十年前的五倍。
4）「倍數 + 比較級 + than」
The room is twice larger than ours.
這間房子比我們的房子大兩倍。
This ball seats three times more people than that one.
這個大廳能坐的人數是那個大廳的四倍。
5）「比較級 + than … + by + 倍數/程度」
The line is longer than that one by twice.
這根線是那根線的兩倍長。
The population of China is larger than that of the US by over 6 times.
中國人口是美國人口的六倍多。
5、四則運算：
1）加法：在口語中，小數目的加法常用and代表「+」，is 或 are 代表「=」。
在正式的場合或較大數目的加法用plus代表「+」，equals或is 代表「=」。
7+4=11 Seven and four is/are eleven.
13+12=25 Thirteen plus twelve equals/is twenty-five.
2) 減法：在口語中，小數目的減法用「Take away + 減數 + from + 被減數 + and you get + 余數」
「減數 + from + 被減數 + leaves/is + 余數」
在正式的場合或較大數目的減法用minus 代表「—」，equals 代表「=」。
12-5=7 Five from twelve leaves/is seven. /Take away five from twelve and you get seven.
21-7=14 Twenty-one minus seven equals fourteen.
3) 乘法：在口語中，小數目的乘法的乘數用復數形式，用are 代表「=」。
大數目的乘法用times代表「×」，is/makes 代表「=」。
在正式的場合下用multiplied by 代表「×」，equals 代表「=」。
4×5=20 Four fives are twenty
326×238=77588
Three hundred and twenty-six times two hundred and thirty-eight is/makes seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
Three hundred and twenty-six multiplied by two hundred and thirty-eight equals seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
4) 除法：小數目的除法：用divided by 代表「÷」，equals 代表「=」。
「被除數 + divided by + 除數 + equals + 商」；「除數 + into + 被除數 + goes + 商」
32÷4=8 Thirty-two divided by four equals eight.
Four into thirty-two goes eight.
大數目的除法：用divided by 代表「÷」，equals 代表「=」。
216÷8=27
Two hundred and sixteen divided by eight equals twenty-seven.
6、比率：一般來說表示比率都用阿拉伯數字（包括句首的情況），但在非專業性的文字中，也可用英語單詞的形式。
The ratio of 7 to 4 is written 7:4 or 7/4.
七比四寫作7:4或7/4。
You have a fifty to fifty chance of success.
你成功的機會只有一半。
7、編號：用基數詞時 名詞 + 基數詞 World War Ⅰ/Page 8/Room 109…
用序數詞時 the + 序數詞 + 名詞 ?the First World War
8、年代與幾十幾歲：通常是逢十的基數詞用作復數形式。表示年代的數詞前用定冠詞 in the 90s；表示歲數的數詞前用形容詞用物主代詞 in one』s twenties
9、約數：
1）表示「大約」可以用about/some/around/nearly/something like/more or less，用or so 表示「左右、大約」置於數詞之後。
The man in rags is about/some sixty years old.
The man in rags is sixty years old or so.
那個衣衫襤褸的男子大約有六十歲/六十歲左右。
Peter is something like thirty.
皮特大約有三十歲。
2）「多於、超過」用more/than/over/above；「少於、不超過」用less than。
She was more than/less than forty when she got married.
她結婚時有四十多歲/不到四十歲。
3）其他
半天（小時）half a day=a half day; half an hour=a half hour
一個半 a day and a half=one and a half days
兩天半 two days and a half=two and a half days
一兩天……one or two days=a day or two
兩三天/周/個蘋果 a couple of days/weeks/apples…
三番五次 again and again; repeatedly; time and (time) again; over and over again; time after time
三年五載 from three to five years; in a few years
三三兩兩 in twos and threes; in knots

二、高中英語語法考試必考的內容：
1、as 句型
(1) as引導方式狀語從句句型：「按照……;正如……」
例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你們國家一樣，我們北方種植小麥，南方種植水稻。
(2) as+形容詞/副詞原級+(a /an)+名詞+as ;
否定式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一樣是位優秀的運動員。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致於……
例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一個如此的一個笨蛋以致相信了他所說的話。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致於……
例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的強壯以致於能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之類的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成為一個像雷鋒這樣的人。
(6) the same +名詞+as 和……一樣的…… (接名詞或定語從句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是從前的那樣子了。
(7) as 引導非限制性定語從句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知，知識就是力量。
(8)引導時間狀語從句，與while意義相近
例：We get wiser as we get older.
隨著我們長大，我們也變得越來越聰明。
(9) 引導原因狀語從句，與 because的用法相近
例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因為越來越遲了，所以我們不久就回來了。
(10) 引導讓步狀語從句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
盡管他是一個小孩，但他對科學了解得很多。
2、prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home.
我寧願呆在家裡。
(2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜歡打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你願意我留下來嗎?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……
寧願…...而不願...
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我寧願呆在家裡而不願出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3、when 句型
(1) be doing sth...when...
例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著的時候門突然開了，他妻子走了進來。
(2) be about to do sth ... when ...
例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我們剛要出發，天就開始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在勞累了一天之後我剛剛就寢，電話鈴就響了。
4、seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that從句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看來好像每個人都很滿意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是對的，
(3) There seems to be ...
例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上去要有一場大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看樣子她不能來上課了。
5、表示「相差……;增加了……;增加到……」句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他們把價格上漲了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工資已經漲到了每月10,000元。
6、what 引導的名詞性從句
(1) what 引導主語從句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
讓我吃驚的是每個人似乎對她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不關心的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引導賓語從句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我們能學會我們不懂的東西。
(3) what 引導表語從句
例：That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引導同位語從句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不知道他們正在談論什麼。
7、too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了，不能由政治家來決定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家裡就非常高興。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿這雙鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me.
這篇課文對我來說太難了。
(5) can't … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們再怎麼強調保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。
8、where 句型
(1) where 引導的定語從句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.
這就是他去年住過的房子。
(2) where 引導的狀語從句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引導的表語從句
例：This is where you are wrong.
這正是你錯的地方。
9、wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人現在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一樣強壯。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人過去做某事
例： I wish you had told me earlier
要是你早點告訴我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人將來做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你這次會成功。
11、 before 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 寧願做……而不願做……
例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她寧可死也不去背叛祖國。
(2) would rather have done sth 寧願過去做過某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我寧願過去接受他的意見。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 寧願某人過去做過某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通過上星期的考試。
(4) would rather sb did sth 寧願某人現在或將來做某事
例： Who would you rather went with you?
你寧願誰和你一起去?
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒來得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我還沒來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +時間+ before + 還有多長時間……
例：It will be 4 years before he graates.
他還有四年時間變畢業了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn』t run a mile before he felt tired.
我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。
(5) It was not +一段時間+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn』t two years before he left the country.
還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。
13、用於表示過去未實現的希望和計劃的句型
(1) It is /was +被強調部分+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天給我叔叔寫信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被強調部分 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你遇見的是你兄弟嗎?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問詞 + is/was it that ...
例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?
(4) do/does/did +謂語動詞 (強調謂語)
例：They do know the place well.
他們的確很熟悉那個地方。
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想給你寫信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用過去將來時態表示原打算做什麼)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一場籃球比賽。

❷ 高中英語語法包括什麼

一、關系代詞引導的定語從句

1、that 指人或物在從句中作主語，賓語或表語

which 指物在從句中作主語，賓語或表語（作賓語時可以省略）

who 指人在從句中作主語，賓語或表語

whom 指人在從句中作賓語

whose 指人或物在從句中作定語

as 指人或物在從句中作主語，賓語或表語

but 指人或物在從句中作主語，賓語或表語

注意：指物時，whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which或 of which+the+名詞

2、as 的用法

（1）常用於下列結構：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as

注意：the same…as 表示同一類，不同一個

the same…that 表示同一個

（2）as與which的區別

a、位置不同

as可放在主句後，主句前或主句中間；which只能放在主句後。

b、as起連接作用，表達說話人的觀點、看法，並指出主句內容的根據或出處，意為「正如，正像」。

Which相當於並列句，可以用and this來代替，意為「這一點，這件事』」。

注意：as常用於下列結構：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

c、在從句中作主語時，which既可作系動詞be的主語也可作實義動詞的主語，而as只可作系動詞be的主語。

二、只用that不用which的情況

1、.先行詞為 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代詞時

2、先行詞被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修飾時.

3、 當先行詞是最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時。

4、 當先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾時。

5、當先行詞是數詞時.

6、 當先行詞既指人又指物時。

7、如有兩個定語從句，其中一個關系代詞已用which，另一個關系代詞則宜用 that。

8、主句是There be結構,修飾其主語的定語從句宜用that 作關系代詞。

9、被修飾成分為表語,或者關系代詞本身是定語從句的表語時，該關系代詞宜用that。

10、先行詞為what，關系代詞用that。

11、有時為了避免重復而使用that引導定語從句。

三、只用which不用that的情況

1、 當介詞放在關系代詞之前時。

2、 在非限制性定語從句中。

3、 當關系代詞指整個主句的概念時。

四、只用who不用that的情況

1、當先行詞是one, ones,anyone或those時。

2、there be 結構中。

3、當先行詞是人，後面有較長修飾語時。

4、為了避免重復或引起歧義。

5、當先行詞是I,you,he,they等時（常用於諺語中）。

6、先行詞是指成員的集體名詞。

7、who可以引導非限制性定語從句。

8、先行詞是擬人化的名詞。

9、先行詞指特定的人時用who,不指特定的人用that。

五、關系副詞引導的定語從句

1、when時間狀語

注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略，從句用相應的完成時。

2、where 地點狀語

注意：當先行詞為模糊的地點時，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名詞時用where.

3、why 原因狀語 先行詞為reason。

六、介詞與關系代詞

1、介詞如何確定

（1）依據定語從句中動詞的習慣搭配來確定

（2）依據先行詞的習慣搭配來確定

（3）根據意思來確定

（4）為了強調某一名詞，不定式前加上關系詞

2、關系代詞作介詞的賓語時，介詞的位置

（1）whom和which可以和介詞一起放在先行詞和從句之間，也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的後面。

（2）含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在動詞的後面。

（3）關系代詞that在從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞不能放在它的前面，只能放在從句中有關動詞的後面。

（4）關系代詞whose也可以在從句中與它所修飾的名詞一起作介詞賓語。

3、「名詞/數詞/代詞+介詞+關系代詞」結構常見的形式有：名詞/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比較級/the+最高級…+of+which/whom。

七、定語從句中的主謂一致

1、關系代詞作從句的主語時，從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數要與先行詞保持一致，先行詞是句子時，從句的謂語動詞用單數形式。

2、「one of+復數名詞」位於關系代詞前作先行詞時，關系代詞在從句中作主語，從句的動詞通常用復數，但當one前有the,the only,the very等修飾時，從句的謂語動詞要用單數。

八、注意way和time後接定語從句的情況

1、當先行詞是way，且意為「方式、方法」時，引導定語從句的關系詞有下列三種形式：that/in which/不填。

注意：關系詞在從句中必須作狀語。如果關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語，按正常的定語從句分析。

2、當先行詞是time時，若time作「次數」講，應用that引導定語從句，that可省略；若time作「一段時間」講，應用關系副詞when或介詞at/ring+which引導定語從句。

❸ 高一英語語法總結

賓語從句分三種
①that引導賓語從句僅僅起引導作用，本身無具體意義，通常在非正式文體中可以省略，不引導介詞的賓從（except that除外）

例子：She took it for granted that you knew the matter.

②whether獲if 領導的賓從
這里的if從句不可以混淆於if引導的條件狀語從句,不可以翻譯成如果

Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at?

③連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓從
連接代詞有who whom whose what which;連接副詞有when where how why等

I will tell you why I was late.

表語從句(標志單詞：be動詞）

①that引導表從不可以省略
The fact is that he didn't even take the exam.

②wh-疑問詞引導的表語從句
That is why he was late for an hour.

③as if,as though,because,just as,引導的表從除because外後可以接虛擬語氣
It looks as if we will be late.

主語從句
先行詞通常是what
I don't know what he said.

❹ 英語高一語法和句子結構有哪些

先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語.結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連.非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾.其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事.2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語.1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面.如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面.2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生.V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因.先行詞在從句中做賓語.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員._____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動.用done做定語.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語.與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作.答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩.先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票.關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了.devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會.5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題.應當用不定式的被動結構做定語.6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的…….7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師.情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測.can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測.根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」.用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測.對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構.(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」.這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法.表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反.表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣.其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構.根據要表達的意思

❺ 高一英語必修一語法復習提綱

呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 新年快樂哈
一. 直接引語和間接引語

（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。

1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.

（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.

He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.

7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered.

2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動結構）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構）
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結構）
He was much excited by her words.（被動結構）

5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。

❻ 高一英語語法匯總

高一英語必修一語法要點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

❼ 高中的英語內容是什麼

高中英語其實和初中復英制語沒什麼本質的區別，要說不同，我認為有兩點。1、高中英語確實要比初中英語更靈活，有時候你覺得這樣是對的，但其實是你沒有轉個彎思考這個問題。2、高中英語的語法要比初中更為深入，肯定是會比初中的要難學一點，重要的語法有：強調句、倒裝、主謂一致、時態，這四個是軸心。我個人認為，高中英語最重要的是要背單詞，因為完形和閱讀是大頭分，背單詞也有利於作文的提高，只要多背單詞，及格是隨隨便便的。
希望對您有幫助，謝謝。

❽ 高一英語語法全部詳解

11. 動詞的時態

11.1 一般現在時的用法

1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。

2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：

The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。

3） 表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。

注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。

4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如：

I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。

比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。

第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。

返回動詞的時態目錄

11.2 一般過去時的用法

1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？

2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。

❾ 高一英語的語法內容

一般來說是由主語+謂語+賓語，有時有從句，如賓語從句，定語從句，狀語從句...
還有的是版祈使句。給權你道例題看：The
book
we
are
looking
forward
to
is
sold
out.
這里總會有人出錯。因為look
foeward
to後面一般加的是doing,但是we
are
looking
forward
to是定語從句，所以後面的謂語不必寫成doing