❶ 高一英語比較重要的語法有哪些
先行詞在定語從句中充當主語，賓語，時間，地點，原因狀語。結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明，解釋，它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞，這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級，序數詞修飾，是不定代詞，或是all, no, only等形式時，關系代詞一般用that，而不能用which。1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間，地點，原因的詞時，關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外，還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語，done短語，being done短語，to be done短語修飾。其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事。2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞，不定式的各種形式作定語。1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語，則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。2. 分詞作定語時，其動作應與全句動作同時發生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做，V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的，to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句。答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li，從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with。答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因。先行詞在從句中做賓語。答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系，關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會，直到1912年才容納女運動員。_____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games，指過去的內容，表示被動。用done做定語。答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工。_____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子。答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說，我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語。與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children，根據從句中的is判斷，是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作。答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩。先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語，同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語，所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票。關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了。devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會。5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question，根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題。應當用不定式的被動結構做定語。6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物。Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的……。7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師。情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測。can，could，might，may，must可以用來表達對事實的推測。根據說話人對事實的把握性大小，must表示「肯定…」，may / might / can / could表示「可能……」， must只用於肯定句中，may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句，表示「可能，可能……嗎?」，其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」。用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測。對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構。(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」，「不然早就…」。這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法。表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反。表達了說話人的埋怨，後悔的語氣。其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構。根據要表達的意思，有如下結構：should have done / ought to have done：本應該……shouldn』t have done / oughtn』t to have done：本不該……could have done：本來可以……needn』t have done：本來沒必要……would like to have done：本來很想……would rather not have done: 本來不願意……could / might / have done: 不然早就……例句：1. You shouldn』t have laughed at his mistakes.2. You could have told us earlier.3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.6. They would like to have seen that film last film.7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.知識難點：某些情態動詞的特殊用法：need 和dare 的兩種形式的用法need 和dare可以用做實義動詞，後面接不定式(to do)結構，在疑問句和否定句中，加助動詞do/does/did/或don』t/doesn』t/didn』t。作為情態動詞使用時，主要用於疑問句和否定句中。情態動詞needn』t(沒有必要，不必)相當於don』t have to例句：1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you needn』t.3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?注意：句型I dare say+從句。 意思是：我肯定…… = I』m sure或There is no doubt that+從句。例句：I dare say that my uncle will get the money if I die.will和would表示「意志」或「願意」，would 則指過去願意做……例句：1. He said that he would help us.2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.would可以表達「過去習慣做……」類似於「used to do」例句：1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.表示請求，固定的句型：Will/Would you please do…? / Would you like to do…?例句：Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?shall1. 用於第一，三人稱，表示「請求」;「建議」 或「推薦」例句：1. Shall we start the meeting now?2. Shall I watch TV now ?3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?2. 用於第二人稱，表示「命令，「要求」，「許諾」例句：1. You shall take whatever you like.2. You shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.在表示推測的否定句或疑問句中，常用can /can』t /could / couldn』t表示，意思是：「可能…嗎?」;「…不可能…」。而不能使用mustn』t或must等詞。【典型例題】1. —Do you think he will do me a favor ?—As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____ be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. must C. canD. should分析：本題考查情態動詞推測性用法。 根據he is the last one to help others.(他是最不可能幫助別人的人)，既然如此，那麼「幫助你」的可能性也就最小了。答案為A2. —Look, someone is coming. Guess who it ____ be ?—I think it ___ be Tom.—I don』t think it ___ be ____ .A. can ; must ; can ; heB. may ; can ; must ; himC. must ; can ; must ; hisD. might ; must ; can ; himself分析：根據備選答案。 can表示推測時用於疑問句或否定句中。本題首句就應該是Guess who can it be? 第二句應該是I think it must be Tom.(說話人十分肯定)。第三句表達了說話人對前一個人的否定。即：I don』t think it can be him/he.(不可能是他)。答案為A3. —Do you know Ms. Wang likes walking after supper ?—Sure. She ____ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD. may be walking分析：關鍵詞Sure告訴我們說話人的口氣十分肯定。根據句子語境：她此刻肯定正在校園散步呢。must be doing表示肯定正在做。答案為A4. —I stayed at a hotel in New York.—Oh, did you ? You _____ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would sayD. must have stayed分析：首句說：我在紐約住在一家賓館里。在此a hotel是泛指。所以D選項不合題意。
❷ 英語高一語法和句子結構有哪些
先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語.結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連.非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾.其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事.2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語.1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面.如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面.2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生.V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因.先行詞在從句中做賓語.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員._____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動.用done做定語.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語.與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作.答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩.先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票.關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了.devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會.5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題.應當用不定式的被動結構做定語.6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的…….7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師.情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測.can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測.根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」.用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測.對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構.(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」.這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法.表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反.表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣.其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構.根據要表達的意思
❸ 高一英語必修一語法
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈
一. 直接引語和間接引語
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化：直接引語變為間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時，現在進行時變為過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,「These books are mine.」
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,「Is your father at home?」
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,「Please sit down.」
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,「Go away!」
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven』t got answered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別：「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作；系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動結構）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結構）
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結構）
He was much excited by her words.（被動結構）
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
❹ 高一英語語法全部詳解
11. 動詞的時態
11.1 一般現在時的用法
1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。
3） 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如：
I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。
返回動詞的時態目錄
11.2 一般過去時的用法
1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？
2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。
❺ 高一英語重要句型小結
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)decide if (which,what,when,where,how)…
(2)I think that…
(3)What\』s the matter?
(4)It\』s nothing serious.
(5)advise sb.(not)to do sth.
(6)It\』s one\』s turn to do…
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)make a list of .列……表
(2)give sb. advice 給某人建議
(3)act it out 表演
(4)keep up with 跟上
(5)make the right choices 作正確選擇
(6)be based on 根據……
(7)be harmful to 對……有害
(8)keep a balanced diet 保持平衡飲食
(9)be short of 缺乏……
(10)best of all 最
(11)dress up 給……穿盛裝，喬裝打扮……
(12)Compare A with B 把A和B作比較
(13)have…in common 有……共同之處
(14)give thanks for 為……而致謝
(15)share one\』s hopes(belief,faith,optimism)與某人有共同希望（信仰、信念、樂觀態度）
(16)play tricks on 捉弄……
(17)lose(gain)weight 體重減少（增加）
(18)make peace(with) （與……），講和，言歸於好
(19)treat sb.to(a nice lunch) 請某人（吃頓美午餐）
(20)do one\』s homework all wrong. 把作業做錯了
(21)in other words 換句話說
(22)take in 欺騙
3．主要語法
（1）復習「提建議」「給忠告」的幾種表達法
（2）學習情態動詞。
Unit 15~Unit 16
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)There is no doubt that…
(2)What happened to sb.?
(3)I don\』t think I know you.
(4)Could you please do…?
(5)It seems like…
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)give sb.a clue 給某人線索
(2)fall asleep 熟睡
(3)recognize 辨認，認出
(4)after all 畢竟，到底
(5)marry 結婚
(6)try on （試）穿上……
(7)without luck 不幸，倒霉
(8)be worth 值……
(9)pay off 償清
(10)at the most 最多
(11)take up 開始，從事於，繼續，接納
(12)play the role of 扮演……
(13)come up with 趕上，提供，提出
(14)rehearse the plays 排練戲劇
(15)Good luck! 祝你好運！
(16)field of science 科學領域
(17)in my opinion 依我的觀點來看
(18)protect…from… 保護……免受……
(19)go against 違背，反對
(20)end in a tie 打成平局
(21)much too 太……
(22)pro or contra 贊成或反對
3.主要語法
（1）復習「徵求許可」「詢問可能性」「給予指導」的表達法。
（2）繼續學習情態動詞。
Unit 17~Unit 18
●知識網路
1.重要句型
（1）It is said that…
（2）make it possible to do sth.
（3）wish you a lot of success
（4）There are times when…
（5）It is…to do sth.
2.重要詞彙及短語
（1）at the top of one\』s voice高聲地、大聲地
（2）self rescue 自救
（3）be thankful for… 對……感謝
（4）be in good health 身體狀態好；健康
（5）make a decision 做決定
（6）take shelter 躲藏、躲避
（7）refer to 談及、指著，涉及、參考
（8）keep the peace 維持和平
（9）come to terms with… 甘心忍受
（10）best seller 暢銷（書）
（11）hold no promise 失言，不信守承諾
（12）Best of luck to you! 祝您好運!
（13）make good choices 做正確選擇
（14）be made up of 由……組（構）成
（15）make electricity 發電
（16）take possession of… 佔有……
（17）National holiday 國慶節
（18）in relation to 關於，有關……的
（19）compare…with… 把……與……比較
（20）stand for 象徵……；代表……
（21）…has a population of 有……人口
（22）native language 母語
（23）official language 官方語
（24）at an early age 早期
（25）keep deer 養鹿
（26）of high quality 高質量
（27）go sailing(camping…) 去航海（野營）
3.主要語法
（1）主謂一致
（2）代詞「it」的用法
Unit 19~Unit 20
●知識網路 1.重要句型
(1)It is (was …that(who)… (2)There are many ways to do…
(3)What do you think of… (4)I will…〔I\』m going to/hope(plan, intend, want)to do〕
2.重要詞彙及短語
(1)have an effect on…對……有影響
（2）play a role of…扮演……；起……作用
（3）be friendly to對……友好
（4）depend on依靠；由……決定；取決於
（5）shortage of…缺乏……
（6）be known as…作為……而著稱
（7）in other words換句話說
（8）a variety of不同……；形式多樣的……
（9）do experiments做實驗
（10）at the right time of the year在一年的適當時機
（11）the spring (autumn) ploughing春（秋）耕
（12）year after year年復一年
（13）from generation to generation一代又一代地
（14）at sunset在日落時
（15）tongue twister繞口令
（16）in the right order以正確的順序
（17）on the stage在舞台上，在……時期
（18）act as充當……；擔任……
（19）make fun of愚弄……；嘲笑……
（20）play on words玩文字游戲
（21）mother tongue母語
（22）have in common with…有……共同之處
（23）have a long tradition of…有……悠久傳統
（24）date back to…追溯於……；起源於……
（25）advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事
（26）be satisfied with對……感到滿意
（27）add to 增加
（28）diving board跳水板
（29）as…as/can(could)盡可能地……
（30）drive off趕走；驅趕
（31）enjoy a long life延年益壽；長壽
（32）in great surprise(total silence)非常驚奇地（非常寂靜）
（33）get confused感到困惑
3.主要語法 （1）it在強調句中的用法
（2）v+ing形式作定語及賓語補足語
Unit 21~Unit 22
●知識網路
1.重要句型
(1)How could you do…?
(2)Thanks for…
(3)That\』s very kind of you.
(4)What about…?
(5)There is nothing better than to do…
(6)Excuse me. Does this road lead to…?
(7)Excuse me. Where can I find…?
2.重要詞彙及短語
（1）body language身勢語
（2）tell the truth說實話
（3）ahead of提前；在……前面
（4）give sb. a hand幫助……
（5）index finger食指
（6）vary from culture to culture由於文化不同而不同
（7）get through克服
（8）Well done!做得好！
（9）come up with趕上……；提出……
（10）put things in order把東西有序排列（放起來）
（11）be divided into被分割成……
（12）risk冒險
（3）focus on注意……；關注；以……為重點
❻ 高一英語語法
高一語法(一) 定語從句
定義:★在復合句中用來修飾名詞或代詞(這個名詞或代詞在英語中叫先行詞)的從句叫定語從句.
定語從句常見的引導詞是:that, which who, whom, whose, when, where, why
及.as九個
定語從句必須從 ①先行詞,②成份 ,③引導詞 三要素著手
引導詞在定語從句作賓語時可以省略
★ what不能引導定語從句 / sth that =what all that =what
當第一要素"先行詞"是指代物的名詞或代詞時,其後的定語從句的引導詞用that 或which在定語從句中作主語或賓語
e.g. A plane is a machine (that / which can fly.)
物 ↘ 作從句中的主語
The noodles (that / which I cooked )were delicious.
物 ↘ 作從句中的賓語(可省略)
當第一要素先行詞是指代人的名詞或代詞時,用that 或 who在定語從句中作主語,用that /who/whom 在定語從句中代替賓語
e.g. The foreigner( that/who visited our school yesterday) is from Canada.
↘作從句中的主語
The girl (that/who/whom you saw yesterday) is Jim's sister.
↘作從句中的賓語(可以省略)
關於定語從句中可以作介詞賓語的引導詞
只有引導詞which ,whom才可在定語從句中直接跟在某一介詞的後面作賓語.
e.g. The athlete( to whom you talked) is a famous runner.
↘介詞 ↘只用whom不用who 代人athlete
This is the room( in (介詞) which he lived 3 years ago.) (其中in which 可以用where換,)
★但介詞也可留在原片語中,上句也可如下表示:
The athlete (that/who/whom you talked to )is a famous runner.
This is a room (that/which he lived in 3 years ago.)
注:常見的不可分拆的片語有:take care of , look after, look for, catch up with, keep up with
look out for ,catch sight of etc.
當第一要素先行詞是指人或物的名詞或代詞,在定語從句中修飾別的名詞時都用whose 來代替人或物,意為"他(們)的,或它(們)的"在從句中作定語.
e.g. This is a door (whose color is brown).
↘代替了"門的 "修飾color 在從句中作定語
Harry is the boy( whose mother is our maths teacher.)
/ Harry is the boy, the mother of whom is our maths teacher .
↘ 代替"男孩的" 修飾mother 在從句中作定語
/Harry is the boy ,of whom the mother is our maths teacher.
稍難例句
The child was saved by a man ,the name of whom/whose name/of whom the name was unknown.
There are 54 students in our class, 25 of whom are girls /相當於 of whom 25 are girls.
The Greens have two daughters, both of whom /of whom both are college students.
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days./ /相當於/the sailing time of which was226days
或 226days of which was the sailing time./
注意以下句子: (多樣化例句)
The beggar has no money with which he can buy food .
/The beggar has no money which /that he can buy food with .
The beggar has no money with which to buy food.( 引導詞後直接跟了不定式短語)
/The beggar has no money to buy food with
The peasants built some stores in which to store their grain. (可以模仿以上例句舉一反三)
★在有些定語從句中常只能用that引導定語從句,而不能用who/whom/which與它互換.
當第一要素先行詞中既有人又有物時
e.g. I still remember the school and the teachers (that he mentioned yesterday.)
當第一要素先行詞是指物的不定代詞 如anything , all , everything, much, something. (sth that =what all that =what)
e.g. All (that /can be done) has been done(能做的一切都做了)
/What can be done has been done
I can do all (that )/what I can║ to help you.
that可省因為它在定語從句中作賓語
Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be
/Jack is no longer what he used to be .
Shanghai is no loner what it used to be
/Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. .
當第一要素先行詞中帶有the only, the very 修飾物時
e.g. He was the only person( that knew about the secret.)
4. 當第一要素先行詞中有序數詞或形容詞的最高級時
e.g. This is the first book〔 (that) I have bought.〕
This is the best film (that )I have ever seen
5. 以疑問詞who, which 開頭的疑問句為避免重復
Who is the boy( that is talking to our headmaster )
Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this
一般只能用who的搭配anyone who , he who, anybody who,
Anyone who /He who /Whoever doesn't reach the great wall is not a true man.
★ 注意下句的先行詞和主句的謂語單復數
He is the only one of the teachers who /that knows French in our school.
He is one of the teachers who/that know French in our school.
當第一要素先行詞是指時間的名詞時,其後的定語從句的引導詞一般用when,在定語從句中作時間狀語.
e.g. I still remember the day ( when I first came to Beijing.)
↘表時間的名詞 ↘作從句中的狀語"在那天"
當第一要素先行詞是指地點的名詞時,其後的定語從句的引導詞一般用where在定語從句中作地點狀語.
e.g. The factory (where his father works )is in the west of the city.
↘表地點的名詞 ↘作從句中狀語"在那家工廠"
★ ★ case ,point situation ,scene 等是表示地點的抽象名詞,其後的定語從句常常用where引導
當第一要素先行詞是reason 時,其後的定語從句的引導詞一般用why (the reason why) 在定語從句中作原因狀語.
e.g. There are several reasons( why we can't do that).
★**但並非看到先行詞是指時間或地點的名詞及reason 時,就馬上用引導詞when ,where or why ,要看在定語從句中缺少了什麼成份,如果第一要素"先行詞"的確是時間或地點的名詞及reason,就立刻分析第二要素"成份",如果定語從句中缺少了成份主語或賓語,這時只能把先行詞第一要素時間或地點的名詞及reason,看作指物的名詞,然後選擇第三要素"引導詞"用that/which 而不能如例句"五,六, 七"中用when ,where, or why .
e.g. I still remember the day (that/which we spent (度過) together ) last summer.
↘表時間的名詞 ↘在定語從句中作spent的賓語故不用when
The factory (that / which we visited last week) is my father's.
↘表地點的名詞 ↘ 在定語從句中作visit 的賓語,故不用where
The reason (that /which was given by him) was right.
↘表原因 ↘在定語從句中作主語,故不用why
***還要注意典句 The reason is that ………是表語從句
eg. The reason is that he has difficulty in learning English .
The reason (why he is late for school) is that he missed the early train.
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★★以上所舉例子全部為限制性定語從句,主從句之間無逗號分開,因此,如果主從句之間有逗號隔開,後面的從句即被稱為非限制性定語從句.引導詞that是永遠不會出現在非限制性定語從句中.
e.g. Dinner starts with a small fish, which (不用that) is called a starter .
Yesterday I met LiPing , who(不用that) look very tired.
十.引導詞As 引導的定語從句常在such ….as, the same …as , as…as結構中 ,as在定語從句作主語或賓語.
Such a boy (as you referred to just now) is too curious.
I have the same reference book ( as was described in the lecture .)
I have as many books〔 as you (have) 〕
區別下列兩組句子.
This is the same book( as he bought yesterday .) ( 同一種書)
This is the same book( that he bought yesterday.)( 同一本書)
He is such a lovely boy as we all like. (定語從句中作like 的 賓語)
He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.( 結果狀語從句
十一,★ As 也可以引導非限制性定語從句. 但要區別which引導非限制性定語從句.
As 引導非限制性定語從句,可以放在句首,或句中, 謂語常是 expect, know, hope , realize ,see, understand
Eg. He stands out of the crowd in music, as everybody can see.
= As everybody can see, he stands out of the crowd in music
2. As 引導非限制性定語從句,不用於否定句.而which可以.
Eg. He took the first place, which we didn't expect.
which引導非限制性定語從句只能放在句中,且主從句之間常有因果關系.
Eg. You saved my life, which I will never forget.
↘ 因 ↘果
十 二,★注意先行詞way ,time後的定語從句
當先行詞是way意為"方式, 方法"時,引導定語從句的關系詞有三種形式.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way in which/that / 不填 he said it.
注意下面兩個句子中關系詞的不同,試比較
The way in which/that /不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我們解釋句子的那種方法不難理解.
The way ( that /which /不填 ) (he explained ∧to us was quite simple.(作explained的賓語)
他向我們解釋的那種方法很簡單.
先行詞是time時,若time 是"次數"時, 應用關系代詞that引導定語從句,that可省略;若time作"一段時間"講時,應用關系副詞when或介詞at/ring+which引導定語從句.如:
This is the second time (that) the president has visited the country.(表第幾次時,必須用完成時)
I could hardly remember how many times (that) I've failed.
This was at a time when/ring which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
Attributive clauses 定語從句 綜合一練)(2007/9/20)
★定語從句的補充說明:
Which僅表示"這件事,這(個/點)"等,相當於and that 或and this;
as 表示"正如/正象/這一點..."等as常引導肯定的非限制性定語從句.
否定的非限制性定語從句則用which.
在下列一些固定結構中,用as不用which:
As we (all) know, as is well known, (眾所周知)as we (all) can see, as you say,
as is said/mentioned above, as you may have heard, as you may remember,
as is often the case,(情況經常如此) as often happens 等.
★注意以下例句:
Eg: 1. He failed to keep his promise , which
disappointed me
and that
2.He has a lot of magazines ,some of which
are about sports.
and some of them
3.There are fifty students in the class ,three-fifths of whom
are girls.
and three-fifths of them
★如何區別定語從句和強調句
1. 強調句型 It is +被強調部分(人)that/who+其他……
強調句型 It is +被強調部分(物)that …+其他
當強調名詞時,注意勿與定語從句混淆.如
★It was in the company that my father worked in for ten years.(定語從句)
that /which my father worked for ten years.(強調句)
★----where did you have the shampoo
----- It was in the barber's shop (that /which you recommended to me. (定語從句) )(that I had the shampoo.) (強調句)(此句常常省略的)
that I had a shampoo and set. (強調句)
It /this is the first time that I have visited Scotland. (定語從句)
★
It was for the first time that I visited Scotland. (強調句)
這些定語從句中,that在從句部分擔當成分.如果去掉it is ….that ….,句子結構就不完整了.而在強調句中,如果去掉it is ….that/who …這個架子.,只需要把語序稍加調整,句子結構仍是完整的.
★★特別注意難句
帶有定語從句的強調句型"It is +被強調的名詞+修飾該名詞的定語從句+that/who引導的強調句+其他部分".如
It was in that barber's shop( which/ that was managed by Coney)that I met the pop star.
It is always the mouth( which talks too much ) that causes troubles.
It is only a man who has seen much of the world that can be a leader.
------When did he have a traffic accident
-----It was in 2005 when he was in college. that he had a traffic accident (此句常常省略的)
❼ 高一英語語法總結包括重點句子！
英語時態有16種，但是常用的只有9種：一般現在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現在進行時、過去進行時、現在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時、現在完成進行時。 1、一般現在時的用法 1)經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。 3)表示格言或警句中。 4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。 2 一般過去時的用法 表示過去某時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。 1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。 2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了" It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事' 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。 注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。 1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 2）情態動詞 could, would. 3. 一般將來時 表示將來的動作或狀態。 1)shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。 will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在爭求意見時常用於第二人稱。 2)be going to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某 b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。 c. 有跡象要發生的事 3) be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。 4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。 注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 4.現在完成時 現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀 態，其結果的確和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或 狀態。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。 5.過去完成時 概念：表示過去某一段時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或存在的狀態。 ----|-------|-----|---->其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2）用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。 c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…" 3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 注意：had no … when 還沒等……就…… had no sooner… than 剛……就…… 6.將來完成時 1) 構成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 狀態完成：表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。 b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。 7.現在進行時 現在進行時的基本用法： a. 表示現在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發生的事情。 b. 習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。 c. 表示漸變的動詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。 8. 過去進行時 1）概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。 2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。 3)常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 9. 將來進行時 1)概念：表示將來某時進行的狀態或動作，或按預測將來會發生的事情。 2）常用的時間狀語Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening