⑴ 高中英語必修3語法
情態動詞
情態動詞表推測的三種句式
1.在肯定句中一般用 (一定)，may（可能），might /can, could（也許，或許）。 （1）He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/可能/也許知道這個問題的答案。
2.否定句中用can』t / couldn』t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。 （1）It can』t/couldn』t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 這不可能是校長，他去美國了。 3.疑問句中用can/could (能……?)。 （1）Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任務完成了嗎？ （2）Can he be at home now? 他現在能在家嗎？
註：以上三種句式中情態動詞的語氣按程度都是依次遞減的。Might, could並非may, can的過去式，而表示語氣較為委婉或可能性較小。
（二）情態動詞表推測的三種時態
1.對將來情況的推測，用「情態動詞 + 動詞原形」。
（1）She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也許到。
2.對現在或一般情況的推測，用「情態動詞 + be」，「情態動詞 +be doing」或「情態動詞 + 動詞原形」。 （1）He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也許正在聽收音機。
註：情態動詞 should /ought to表推測時，意為「想必會，理應……」但與「have +過去分詞」連用時，則又可構成虛擬語氣意為「本應該做某事卻沒做」。例如： （4）It』s seven o』clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 現在七點鍾了，傑克理應隨時到達。（推測） （5）She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. （虛擬） 她本該出席你的生日晚會的，可是她得在醫院照顧她媽媽。 （6）Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. （虛擬） 湯姆本不該告訴我你的秘密，可是他並無惡意。
助動詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類：基本助動詞(primary auxiliary)和情態助動詞(modal auxiliary)。基本助動詞有三個：do, have和be；情態助動詞基本的有十四個：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述兩類助動詞的共同特徵是，在協助主動詞構成限定動詞片語
名詞性從句
主語從句
作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。
賓語從句
名詞從句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。
表語從句
在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導表語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句的關聯詞大致一樣，表語從句位於連系動詞後，有時用as if引導。其基本結構為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game. 事實是我們已經輸了這場比賽。 That』s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。
【注意】whether 可引導表語從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用於引導表語從句。
同位語從句
同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由that引導，可用於同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。
⑵ 高中英語情態動詞講解
情態動詞講解 一can 1.表"能力"I can lift the stone. I can speak English while he can't. Who can play the violin? He got up early yesterday so that he could catch the early bus.
could 表過去的能力。
注；1。can 與be able to表能力時的區別：
① 形式上；can有兩種形式can 與could，而be able to有更多的形式。
is(are)able to, was able to ,, has been able , will be able to , would be able to 等。
be able to 只表能力而can 還可表"可能性"，"驚異","許可"等。
② could與was able to表過去能力的差別：均表過去的能力，但was（were）able to還可表業已成功的行為（即：動作確實做了）。
2．表"許可"You can go now. You can use my dictionary. You can have a rest.
-Can I smoke here?
-No, you can't.
註：用could代替can在疑問句中，語氣客氣委婉，但在時間上還指現在.Could you lend me your bike? Could you tell me how to get to the station?
注意：回答由could引起的問句，仍用can 而不用could。
-Could you wait a few more minutes?
-Yes, I can.
3.表猜測"可能"，一般用於疑問句和否定句。
-Can the news be true? -It can't be true. Where can he be?
註：(1)can't表"不可能"，語氣斷然否定。
(2) could在賓語從句中表過去的可能性，其它情況一般還表示現在的可能性只是語氣比can委婉和更加不肯定。 I thought he could come .
(3) can 亦可用於肯定句表可能，但表示的是邏輯推理上的可能性（或理論上的），非主觀臆斷。There can be no noise on the moon because of sound being carried by the air .
(4) can(could)…have done或can(could)…have been(done)用於疑問句或疑問句表對過去時或完成時的揣測。
What can have happened to him ? He can not have read the book. He can't have been to Beijing.
4.表"驚異""驚訝"：How can you be so impolite? How can you say that?
二. may 表"允許""許可""允諾"（征詢對方許可）。
You may go now . May I use your bike? You may keep the book for 2 weeks .
注意：(1)其否定形式may not表示不可以，但更常用must not來代替may not表示"不可以"，"禁止"。 -May I watch TV after supper?
-Yes, you may.(No, you mustn't .或No, you may not.或No, you'd better not.)(2)與can的比較：may比can更正式。May I know your name? May I (he, we…)….?
×May you….? (May you have a good journey! 此處表祝願)
（3）。might代替may用於疑問句，更客氣禮貌些，回答時仍用may。
-Might I use your telephone? -Yes, you may .
(4)might not 不表示"不允許"
2．表"可能"。（1）用於肯定句和否定句（因為May I…?表徵詢許可）。
The news may be true . He may not be at home now. I think he may come today(tomorrow).
However fast you may run, you can't catch the fast train.
(2)用might語氣更加不肯定，但指現在或將來，只有在賓語從句中might do（be）才表示過去可能性。 He might come today(tomorrow). She might have some fever .
I thought you might like something to read, so I brought some books for you .
She said she might not be at home.. I might be busy tomorrow.
(3)may not 與cannot的區別： may not"可能不"，cannot "不可能"。
比較The news may not be true.
The news can't be true .
(4) may(might)(not)+have done(been)表對過去或完成時的揣測。
Something may have happened to him . He may have been to Beijing .
3.表祝願May you be happy! May you have a pleasant journey!
綜合性補充；（1）could have done和might have done 還可以用於虛擬語氣而can(may)have done 只用於揣測。
（2）表揣測用於反意問句的情況。
三must （無詞形變化）
（1）。表"必須"，"應該"，"務必" must not(mustn't)表"禁止"，"不許"，"不準"，"不可以"。 Everyone must attend the lecture. The work must be finished as soon as possible.
You mustn't lend it to others.
注；對must問句的回答。 -Must I go there now?
-Yes, you must.
-No ,you ①needn't. ②need not ③don't have(got) to ④don't need to.
2.must表推測"一定"，"必定"，一般只用於肯定句，亦即用於疑問句和否定不表揣測。
（1）對現在He must be at home now. You must be hungry after the long walk.
The Chinese language must have the largest number of speakers.
(2)對進行時。 He must be sleeping now(at that time).
（3）對過去時或完成時。
It must have rained last night. He must have fallen asleep(then).
He must have gone to Beijing yesterday. She must have been young when she got married .
注意其反意問句。
3 .must表不可避免的傾向。 All men must die.
4 . must 表"偏偏"，"不巧" My car must break down.我的車偏偏壞了。
四.have to "不得不"
1. 與must的區別 （1）must表說話人的主觀看法，而have to表客觀需要。
比較：I have to stop smoking .(外界壓力，客觀情況使然)
I must stop smoking.（主觀認為）
2.must只有一種形式而have to有更多的形式have to, has to ,had to ,will have to 等等。
I thought I must go there.
3.have to 的疑問，否定均須藉助於do。 Does he have to go there now ?
不說Has he to go there now?
He has to go there now ,doesn't he? The work has to be finished before 10 o'clock..
4.must與had to的差別： had to還可以表示業已完成或實現的動作（即；動作確實做了）。
I had to stay at home last night.
五.ought to與should
1.兩者的差別ought to語氣重，偏重"責任，義務，道德、法律"等方面，"總應該"。
You ought to follow your father's advice.
注意其疑問及否定形式 -Ought he to go ？-Yes, he ought (to).
2. ought to (should)have done 表本應該做而實際未做。
You ought to have told him about the news . He shouldn't have been told about the news.
本不應該把此事告訴他（而實際告訴了）。
You should have got up early .
should have done 還可表虛擬語氣
用於第一人稱
3. ought to還可表示非常有可能的事。
It ought to be a close game , most probably. It ought to be a fine day tomorrow.(極可能是好天)
六.need （1） 作為情態動詞①常用於疑問句和否定句②無人稱和時態的變化③疑問否定藉助於need本身④後跟動詞原型。
（2）need作為實義動詞① 有人稱和時態的變化（needs，needed）②疑問否定藉助於do③可有自己的賓語（可以是名詞，代詞，不定時）④不受什麼句型限制。
I need a pen . I need to go there. He didn't need to go there. Do I need to go there? Need I go there now ? You needn't go there now. ×I need go there now.
3.needn't have done表"本不必做而實際做了"。 You needn't have hurried.你（當時）本不該匆忙。
4．對need引起的一般問句的回答： -Need I go now ? -Yes ,you must .-No, you needn't.
七.dare 1，（1）作為情態動詞 ①無人稱和時態變化②常用於疑問句和否定句③跟不帶to的不定式。註：有固定說法I dare say…… How dare you say……?
2.實義動詞①有人稱和時態的變化②疑問和否定藉助於do③跟帶to的不定式。
比較 情態動詞 實義動詞
肯定句 × He dared to do it .
否定句 He daren't to do itHe dare not do it. He didn't dare to do it .He doesn't dare to do it.
疑問句 Dare he do it?Dare he not do it? Does he dare to do it?Doesn't he dare to do it?
註：（1）有時可把dare的情態和實義動詞的用法揉合在一起。如；No one dared say that.
(2)在否定句中實義動詞dare後的不定式"to"符號可以省略。I don't dare(to)ask her.
2.daren't have done 表"本不敢做而實際做了"。
八.shall （此處講述的是shall情態動詞而非助動詞表時態）。
1． shall用於二，三人稱表"命令，警告。威脅，強制。允諾"等。
用於一，三人稱用來征詢對方意見或請求指示。
You shall do it as I say. Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.
表"允諾"相當於may或can
Shall he come at once?(征詢對方意見) where shall we meet ? Shall we take a walk together?
2.should (1)表"勸告，建議"Children should be taught to tell the truth.
I suggested he (should )go there. Was it necessary that my uncle (should) be informed?
(2)表"驚異"It's strange that he should have done such a thing.
（3）． 表"可能性"They should be there by now, I think.(98年高考已考過)。
九. Will 1。表"意志，意願，樂意"，用於各人稱 。（與will作助動詞表時態區分開來）。
I will tell you all about it.相當於I am glad to tell you all about it.
He won't go there.他不願意去那裡。
2． Will在疑問句用於第二人稱，表示詢問對方的意願或向對方提出請求。
Will you go with me for a walk? Do come to my birthday party , will you?
Will you please tell me how I can get to the station ? Won't you sit down?
3. 表示習慣性動作，有；"總是，總要，"，"慣於"的意思 。
Fish will die out of water。魚離開水總是要死的。
He will talk for hours if you give him the chance .你要給他機會的話他總是要談上幾個鍾頭 。 十.Would (是will的變形，與will的用法相對應。應把would作助動詞表時態區分開)。1． 表"意願"用於人稱。 He said he would help us.他說他樂意幫助我們。2． 表說話人的意願或向對方提出請求，語氣比will更客氣婉轉，但指的是現在時間。Would you like some bananas ? I'd rather stay at home than go out .Would you mind opening the window for me ?注意：用would提出的一般疑問句，回答時要還原為will。-Would you help me with my lessons? -Yes, I will.3. 表過去的習慣動作。She would drop in on her teacher when she went to town .她總是要順便看一下老師。Every day she would get up early at six o'clock.過去她總是每天6點起床。She would sit like that for hours watching ships.她過去總是坐在那裡幾個鍾頭看船。3． 用於虛擬語氣或用於科幻作品中。Such would be our home in the future. 我們未來的家庭就是這樣。 十一. used to表示"過去常常"（而現在並非這樣）。We used to be good friends. There used to be a temple here. He used to go to work by bus。He used to like fish.他過去愛吃魚。改為否定句：He didn't use to like fish .(He usedn't to like fish.或He used not to like fish).改為疑問句：Used he to like fish？ 或Did he use to like fish?回答Yes, he used to .否定式問句Use(d)n't he to like fish?反意問句There used to be a temple here, usedn't there? （或didn't there？）1．註：would與used to表"過去常常"的差別：①used to表現在已不復存在的過去習慣或狀態有今惜對比的含義，而would則不涉及現在。He used to like fish.(現在不了)。He would like fish.（現在是不是這樣，不知道）。②used to 表不確定的過去時間，常常不帶表確指過去的時間狀語，而would常帶。③ would 表過去屢次發生的動作，所以不表狀態。而used to可表狀態也指動作。？There would be a temple here.④ would 有自覺自願的含義，通常譯作"總是，總要"，而used to只說明過去的事實，無自覺自願的含義，常譯作"過去常常"。Her would sit there, watching ships.（個人願意）。2．①used to do sth.過去常常做。。。②be (get)used to（doing）sth.習慣於。。。③be used to do sth.被用來做。。 與練習結合，體會掌握情態動詞的用法。
⑶ 英語必修三知識
高中英語必修三，四有哪些語法，知識點主要有虛擬語氣，情態動詞，非謂語，定語從句，名詞性從句，狀語從句，動詞時態，強調句型，倒裝句，倒裝等。
⑷ 高中英語情態動詞的用法有哪些
情態動詞的考點精簡
一、何謂「情態動詞」？
情態動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態度等，是中學英語語法的重點，也是高考的熱點，是單項填空必考的一個知識點。高考試題常常藉助語境和句子之間意義上的細微差別來考查學生對情態動詞的基本用法及其區別，近五年高考中主要考查四點：情態動詞表示推測和可能性的用法；情態動詞與虛擬語氣；情態動詞的表達「情感、態度、語氣等」，情態動詞表示 「必要性」等方面的用法。
二、情態動詞的特點
1.沒有人稱和數的變化。
2. 有些情態動詞有過去式的變化:
e.g. will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared
三、情態動詞的否定形式
情態動詞+ not +動詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't
四、情態動詞的用法（常考考點）
Shall
一）用於一、三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人徵求對方意見和向對方請示。
Shall we begin our class? Shall he come in, sir? (徵求對方意見)
二）用於二、三人稱 表命令、許諾、警告、規定、威脅、決心、也用於宣布法律、規定的要求
1. You shall get my reply tomorrow. (許諾)
2. 「The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both side. （命令）
3. You shall be sorry for what you said one day, I tell you. (警告、威脅)
4. Nothing shall stop us from advancing. (決心)
5. —What does the sign over there read?
—「No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.」(要求)
Should
一）應該，表示責任、義務
According to the air traffic rules, you should switch off your mobile phone before boarding.
二）竟然、（ 從句中） 驚奇、懷疑、不滿(expect\, think, believe等詞後） 委婉 客氣（第一人稱 ） 驚訝、埋怨 （二、三人稱） 萬一（ if 從句中）
1.） it』s a pity that he should be so careless. (竟然)
2.） I never expect that you should have come here. (驚奇 )
3.） I should advise you not to do it. (委婉 客氣)
4.） Who should come to see you when you are in trouble! (埋怨 )
5.）If you should change your mind, please let me know. (萬一)
三） 表示合理的推測
The video should be very interesting, in which you can see foreigners making Jiaozi ring the Spring Festival.
四）if 引導的虛擬條件句中，從句中只可出現should.
Should I have time, I would go there with you.
五）要求，命令和請求含義的動詞後，接賓語從句，從句中謂語「should do」,should 可以省略
Tom suggested that I (should) go there at once.
六）should have done 本應該做但是沒做
shouldn』t have done 本不應該做但是做了
You should have studied hard.
Must
一）表示必須要做的事: 必須
-Must I get to the station before three o'clock?
-Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. )
二）用於指 偏要、硬要 （ 令人不快的事）
1. The car must break down just when we were in the jungle. (偏要)
2. -- Could I have a word with you, mum?
-- Oh, dear, if you must.
3. – Who is the girl standing over there?
-- Well, if you must know, her name is Mabel.
三）用於表肯定的猜測
He is absent today, and something must have happened to him.
She must be at home now, as I just called her.
四）禁止 (否定句)
You mustn』t make noises in the library. (禁止) (註：mustn』t沒有表推測的意思)
Can\ could
一） 能力（陳述句）He can swim./ He could swim when he was a child.
二） 驚異、懷疑、不相信（否定、疑問、驚嘆句）How can you be so careless？
三） can』t 表推測「一定不是」 He can』t be Mr. White, because I don』t know him.
四） can/ could 用於否定和疑問表猜測 I lost my purse. Where could I have put it?
五） can 用於客觀事實的推測，可能出現的某種現象
He is friendly, but sometimes he can be difficult to get along with.
The northern part of China is cold, but sometimes it can be warm.
Nowadays, graates can have difficulty finding jobs.
六） be able to do sth. 經過努力能達到
4. The fire in the hotel spread fast but fortunately all of the people were able to ran out. (經過努力能達到)
May \ might
一）祝願（祈使句） May you return in safety. (祝願)
二）可以（語氣弱）. May I come in ? (可以)
三）表推測，不太可能的推測 Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn』t quite sure yet.
四）may as well do sth. Now that you are here, you may as well try your best.
may well do sth. He may not well go with us—he hates travel.
五）might用於虛擬 If he came here tomorrow, he might have a chance of talking with her.
Will
一）意願、決心、習慣性、傾向性、請求
1. I』ll do my best . (意願)
2. I will never do such a thing again. (決心)
3. Fish will die without water. (習慣性、傾向性)
4. Will you give me a piece of paper? (請求)
二）區分於be going to, 表示沒有計劃，臨時決定
---I』m sorry. I forgot to send the letter for you.
--- It doesn』t matter. I will go myself.
Would He promised he would never smoke again. (will的過去式)
Would you…? 「I would like to… (婉轉語氣)
Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class.
(過去的習慣動作,比used to正式，並沒有「現已無此習慣」的含義。)
It would be about ten when he left home. (表料想或猜想)
Dare \ need
1. I dare to go there alone at night.
2. Do you dare to go there alone at night? = Dare you go there alone at night?
3. I don』t dare (to )go there alone at night. = I dare not go there alone at night.
dare say\ dare tell \ dare speak
4 needn』t have done 本沒有必要做，但是做了
You needn』t have waited for her, as she didn』t go there.
情態動詞+ do 表示對現在的推測
情態動詞+ have done 表示對過去的推測（對過去的一種結果的假設或虛擬）
(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本（不）應該做某事，但卻沒有做或做了，含有責備或後悔之意。
例如： —I』m sorry. I _________at you the other day. B
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn』t shout B. shouldn』t have shouted
C. mustn』t shout C. mustn』t have shouted
(2) could have done本來能夠做某事但未做。例如：
Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don』t think we ______ it without you. B
A. can manage B. could have managed
C. could manage D. can have managed
(3) needn』t have done本沒有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn』t do則表達「沒有必要去做某事」，時間上應該是現在或將來。例如：
—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. B
—Thanks. You ________ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn』t do B. needn』t have done
C. mustn』t do D. shouldn』t have done
(4)would (not) have done本來(不)會發生某事，但卻（發生了）或沒有發生。常用於虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導的虛擬語氣，表示對過去所發生事情結果的假設。例如：
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal. D
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
(5) might have done表示「本來可能……」，但實際上沒有發生的事。例如：
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better. D
A. need have done B. must have done
⑸ 高中英語 必修一至必修三的語法有哪些
分為句法詞法兩大類。
詞法每本字典上都有，牛津英漢字典比較好，各大書專店都有。
此法分八大類。
1 時態 語態屬；2 定語從句 ；3 名詞性從句： 賓語從句 主語從句 表語從句 同位語從句 ；4 狀語從句 ；5非謂語動詞 ：不定式 動名詞 分詞 ；6 情態動詞 ；7 虛擬語氣 ；8 特殊句式 ：強調句 倒裝 反義疑問句 省略句
這只是大框 內容太多了
我建議你最好買本語法書像 張道真的 語法書比較好 王邁邁的語法書也不錯 句法此法都包括了
⑹ 高一必修三的英語語法都學哪些了
如果你是高中生的話，最重要的不是語法而是詞彙，2011年後新課改對語法回的要求已經大大簡化了，也就是答說如果話很大的力氣把語法學的很好碰到俚語一些的片語你還是做不了題目。而記單詞的方法就是找對教材，分清情景，不同的情景的單詞是不同的一類一類記。
⑺ 高中英語情態動詞
①只復做情態動詞:must,can,may……
②可做制情態動詞又可做實義動詞：如：need, dare
③具有情態動詞特徵：have(had,has) to,used to, ought to
④可做情態動詞又可作助動詞：如：shall(should),will(would)[
注意
mustn't代表強烈禁止 must表示主觀，have to表示客觀。
美式英語中常用must not 而不用 mustn't. mayn't,mightn't和shan't也很少用
常用
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)
⑻ 高中英語語法：情態動詞
你好
http://wenku..com/view/a7cf7e630b1c59eef8c7b4e6.html。這個是關於情態動詞的詳細講解。高中英語語法簡明講專義,簡明列出個語法的注意點,對於應試生而言屬是非常有用的語法補習課!
希望對你有幫助。