蘇教英語模塊三語法點

① 高中人教版英語必修三 第六模塊 【Old and New 】的知識點，裡面的重點語法是什麼

點擊查看這個鏈接，就會看到你需要的資料。要積分2 ，你只需點擊評論文檔，每次登陸可評論五個文檔，得五分。本來要幫你下載，但是我的電腦最近總出意外，下載不來。你自己看看吧。
http://wenku..com/view/ccfb137602768e9951e738fe.html
這是人教版、外研版相同的內容，教學要求和詞彙等也沒有區別。
祝你開心如意！O(∩_∩)O~~

② 誰幫忙整理一下牛津高中英語模塊一的片語，語法

對不起啊,這些資料可能對你來說不對,但我只能找到這么多了.還有因為這些資料我是從WORD上復制下來,所以格式上有點亂,請見諒.

定語從句
1. 定語從句的結構及理解
2. 定語從句的關系詞的使用
3. 定語從句的簡化表達
知識總結歸納
（一）定語從句的結構：在復合句中，修飾某個名詞或代詞的句子（做這個名詞或代詞的定語）叫定語從句，定語從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞後面，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語從句的先行詞，它與定語從句之間要有一個詞連接，這個詞指代先行詞的內容叫做關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行詞在定語從句中充當主語，賓語，時間，地點，原因狀語。
結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.
4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.
5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.

（二）定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：
限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。
非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明，解釋，它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。
1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.

（三）關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞，這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.
1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.

2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
知識重點與難點
（一）當先行詞有最高級，序數詞修飾，是不定代詞，或是all, no, only等形式時，關系代詞一般用that，而不能用which。
1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.
2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.
（二）當先行詞是表示時間，地點，原因的詞時，關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that
1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.
2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.
3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.
4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.
（三）定語從句的簡化表達：
1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
3. The question that is being discussed is very important.
4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.
說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：
1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.
3. The question being discussed is very important.
4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.
說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外，還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語，done短語，being done短語，to be done短語修飾。其結構和意思如下：
1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事。
2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事
3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事
4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事
（1）Do you know the man talking to my sister ?
（2）The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.
（3）Did you see that car being repaired ?
（4）In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.
（5）The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.
（6）Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.
（7）The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.

總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞，不定式的各種形式作定語。
1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語，則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。
2. 分詞作定語時，其動作應與全句動作同時發生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做，V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的
3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的，to be done表示將要被做的
情態動詞

1. 情態動詞的推測表達
2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣
3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法

知識重點與難點總結
知識重點：
情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：
（一）用情態動詞表達事實的推測。can，could，might，may，must可以用來表達對事實的推測。根據說話人對事實的把握性大小，must表示「肯定…」，may / might / can / could表示「可能……」， must只用於肯定句中，may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句，表示「可能，可能……嗎?」，其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」。用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測。對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構。

（二）對現在的事實進行推測：
主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形
be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語
be + doing
例句：
1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.
2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.
3. The teacher must be joking.
4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.
5. There must be something wrong.
6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.
7. He may be arriving this evening.
8. He may be traveling around the world.
9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.
10. Can the news be true ?

（三）對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語
例句：
1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.
2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.
3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.
4. He might have overslept again.
5. Where can Tom have gone ?
情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」，「不然早就…」。這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法。表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反。表達了說話人的埋怨，後悔的語氣。其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構。根據要表達的意思，有如下結構：
should have done / ought to have done：本應該……
shouldn』t have done / oughtn』t to have done：本不該……
could have done：本來可以……
needn』t have done：本來沒必要……
would like to have done：本來很想……
would rather not have done: 本來不願意……
could / might / have done: 不然早就……
例句：
1. You shouldn』t have laughed at his mistakes.
2. You could have told us earlier.
3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.
4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels.
5. We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.
6. They would like to have seen that film last film.
7. If he had given me his number, I could have telephoned him.
8. They might have been frozen to death but for the rescue in time.

知識難點：
某些情態動詞的特殊用法：
need 和dare 的兩種形式的用法
need 和dare可以用做實義動詞，後面接不定式（to do）結構，在疑問句和否定句中，加助動詞do/does/did/或don』t/doesn』t/didn』t。作為情態動詞使用時，主要用於疑問句和否定句中。情態動詞needn』t（沒有必要，不必）相當於don』t have to
例句：
1. It is cold, you need to wear some warm clothes.
2. Need I stay here with you for a while ? Thank you, you needn』t.
3. How dare you speak to parents like that ?
注意：
句型I dare say+從句。 意思是：我肯定…… = I』m sure或There is no doubt that+從句。
例句：
I dare say that my uncle will get the money if I die.
will和would
表示「意志」或「願意」，would 則指過去願意做……
例句：
1. He said that he would help us.
2. You may telephone if you will accept this job.
would可以表達「過去習慣做……」類似於「used to do」
例句：
1. When we were children, we would go swimming every summer in that river.
表示請求，固定的句型：Will/Would you please do…? / Would you like to do…?
例句：Will/Would you please give him a message when you see him ?
shall
1. 用於第一，三人稱，表示「請求」；「建議」 或「推薦」
例句：
1. Shall we start the meeting now?
2. Shall I watch TV now ?
3. Shall my son carry the case for you ?
2. 用於第二人稱，表示「命令，「要求」，「許諾」
例句：
1. You shall take whatever you like.
2. You shall not go to the party with me if you make so much noise again.
在表示推測的否定句或疑問句中，常用can /can』t /could / couldn』t表示，意思是：「可能…嗎?」；「…不可能…」。而不能使用mustn』t或must等詞。
與it有關的主要句型
it強調句型

知識總結歸納：
（一）it用做形式主語或形式賓語：根據句子結構的需要，it用做形式主語或形式賓語，而真正的主語或賓語（to do 短語，doing短語，名詞性從句）則放在句尾。
主要句型：
It』s +形容詞/名詞+連詞+名詞性從句
to do sth.
doing sth.
find / make / think / feel it +形容詞/名詞+連詞+名詞性從句
to do sth.
doing sth.
例句：
1. It will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English .
2. It』s usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs .
3. It』s a pity that I didn』t think of it earlier.
4. It』s no use going there so early.
5. Out teacher thinks it no good learning without practice.
6. Didn』t I make it clear to you that I was not coming ?
7. We found it strange that no one would take the money.

（二）其他句型
1. It takes+時間段+sb.+ to do sth.
2. 表示「據說，據報道，/人們認為/相信/建議等
It』s said that…….
It』s reported that ……
It』s believed/thought/suggested that……
例句：
1. It generally takes time to reach this point—being on the same wavelength .
2. It is believed that the two children went off exploring（探險）on their own and get stuck on the cliff .
3. It』s suggested that we should have a meeting to discuss the problem .
4. It was once predicted（預測）that British and American English would become separate languages finally .

（三）it在強調句型中：在英語中，為了突出強調句子的某一個成分（謂語除外），達到強調或使聽話人特別注意這一部分的目的。便形成了一種強調句型。
It is / was+被強調的部分+that / who+句子的其他部分。
It is / was not until+時間+that+句子的其他部分。
例句：
1. I saw John on my way to school this morning.
It was John who/that I saw on my way to school this morning.
It was on my way to school that I saw John this morning.
It was this morning that I saw John on my way to school.
2. It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night.
3. It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcast began.
4. It was the strange way things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that frightened me so much .
5. It was the kindness and sympathy in their eyes that prevented me from doing so .

知識難點：
（一）注意強調句型的變形，即以一般疑問句或特殊疑問句的形式出現的強調句型。
1. What is it that Joe can』t find in the bathroom ?
2. Where was it that you met the foreign guests from Australia?
3. I can』t quite remember when it was that we married.
4. Was it because he was very ill that he asked for leave?

（二）是強調句型還是that主語從句或其他復合句
1. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
2. It is these poisonous procts that can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
3. It was almost ten o』clock when our soldiers came back from the front.
4. Was it in this place that the last king died ?

（三）注意強調句型中被強調部分帶有定語從句
Was it at the air battle on June 8, 1944, which was led by Captain Johnson that Peter lost his life.

知識總結歸納
（一）概述：
主語與謂語的一致：在英語表達中，謂語動詞的形式要和主語的人稱和數保持一致。主要體現在be動詞，助動詞do, have 以及一般現在時態中的動詞形式。
謂語動詞與主語保持一致的基本原則：語法一致，就近一致和意義一致。
名詞或代詞做主語有人稱和單，復數之分，動詞的單數就是第三人稱單數形式，而動詞的復數形式即動詞的原形。
例句：
1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen.
2. There is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it.
3. John gets up at six o』clock every morning.
4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games ?
5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table.

（二）語法一致：
1. 由and連接的兩個名詞或代詞做主語：
（1）這部分主語表示的是兩個人或兩件不同的事物，謂語動詞用復數形式。
例句：
① My brother and I have both seen that film.
② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.
③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.
④ Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R』s.
（2）這部分主語表示具有兩個身份或性質的同一個人或一個完整的事物，謂語動詞用單數形式。
例句：
① The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
② War and peace is a constant theme in history.
③ One more knife and fork is needed.
④ The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.
⑤ Law and order has been established.
⑥ Bread and butter is our daily food.
⑦ Fish and chips is a popular fast food.
⑧ The stars and stripes is the national flag of U.S.A.
（3）這部分主語前面有each, every, many a, no 等修飾時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。
例句：
① Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt.
② No sound and no voice is heard.
③ Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
④ Every minute and every second is precious.
2. 動名詞，不定式，主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
例句：
① Reading is a great pleasure in life.
② To live means to create.
③ That we need more time is obvious.
④ What is needed is food and medicine.
3. 表示時間，金錢，距離，重量的復數名詞表示數量做主語時，被視為一個整體，謂語動詞用單數形式。
例句：
① Three thousand miles is a long distance.
② Eight hours of sleep is enough.
4. 不定代詞anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
例句：
① Is anybody going to tell him the news ?
② Someone wants to see you.

（三）就近原則
由連詞or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, 連接的兩個名詞或代詞做主語時，謂語動詞和離它最近的哪個名詞或代詞的人稱和數一致。
例句：
1. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand.
2. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin』s movies.
3. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.
4. George or Tom is wanted.
注意：There be句型中be 的形式由它後面的第一個名詞的數決定。
例句：
1. There aren』t any letters in the mail for you today.
2. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk.
3. Here are some envelopes and paper for you.
名詞後面帶有with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than短語共同做主語時，謂語動詞與這些短語前面的那個名詞的數一致。
例句：
1. All but one were here just now.
2. A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift.
3. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.
4. You as well as I are wrong.

（四）意義一致
1. 代詞none, neither, all的不可數形式還是復數形式由它們指的內容決定
例句：
（1）All hope has gone.
（2）All are agreed on this point.
（3）—Is there any milk in the fridge? —No, there is none.
（4）None has returned from the meeting.
2. 集合名詞group, class, family, army, enemy, team等名詞的單，復數形式根據它們強調的內容而定。
例句：
（1）The class were all cheerful.
（2）The team were taking over some new plays.
（3）The group are reading the newspapers.
（4）The army is going to remain in this town.
（5）The army have rescued the travelers.
3. 限定詞短語all of…; none of…; a lot of…; 以及分數/百分數+of ….修飾名詞構成的名詞短語做主語時，謂語動詞的形式由of 後面的名詞形式決定。
例句：
（1）None of these suggestions are very helpful.
（2）I don』t think any of us wants to work tomorrow.
（3）Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.

難點突破
1. 主謂一致的考查主要體現在單項選擇和短文改錯兩個題型中。同學們在練習和應試時，遇到這樣的題時，要牢記主謂一致的三個基本原則。一定要根據句子內容抓住關鍵的主語部分。同時還要考慮句子的時態和語態。
2. one of +復數名詞做定語從句的先行詞時，定語從句中的謂語動詞與復數名詞一致。 the only one of +復數名詞做定語從句的先行詞時，定語從句中的謂語動詞用單數形式。
例句：
Jim was one of the boys who were late for class.
Jim was the only one of the boys who was late for class.

③ 七年級下冊英語第一模塊知識樹，第2模塊，第三模塊，第四模塊。謝謝大家了。。

一級模塊
二級模塊
三級模塊
模塊說明

1-語法
1-1 名詞
1-1-1 名詞定義及分類
名詞這一章在初中的難點是名詞的辨析，一般在完形填空中涉及較多。名詞單復數和所有格的考察相對來說也很多，這塊兒一般在單選或寫作中運用較多。

1-1-2 可數名詞的單單復數

1-1-3 不可數名詞的數

1-1-4 名詞的所有格

1-1-5 名詞的用法

1-2 冠詞
1-2-1 冠詞的泛指
冠詞在中考中涉及內容不多，但要求考生對冠詞的泛指、特指、類指等有個基本的了解，所以考生應該掌握理解這些基本用法，然後再按照順序，對各個冠詞的具體用法有個了解。

1-2-2 冠詞的特指

1-2-3 冠詞的類指

1-2-4 不定冠詞的用法

1-2-5 定冠詞的用法

1-2-6 零冠詞的用法

1-2-7 冠詞的位置

1-3 代詞
1-3-1 人稱代詞
中考對代詞考點較多，人稱代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞在歷年的中考中一般會有一個單選題出現。並且在完形填空，完成句子以及在寫作中也會涉及較多內容。

1-3-2 物主代詞

1-3-3 反身代詞

1-3-4 指示代詞

1-3-6 普通不定代詞

1-3-5 復合不定代詞

1-4 形容詞
1-4-1 形容詞的用法
中考在形容詞中的考察點主要是形容詞的比較級及最高級，這方面主要在單選及完形這塊。另外，形容詞辨析也是考察重點，主要在完形里考。形容詞的句式一直都是考試的熱點，這一點也不可忽略，完成句子里經常會考到這塊兒，另外寫作運用這些也是寫作的亮句。副詞考察的內容與形容詞差不多，但要注意副詞與形容詞的修飾關系，以及副詞與形容詞所修飾詞的詞性的不同。

1-4-2 形容詞的位置

1-4-3 形容詞的排序

1-4-4 形容詞的原級

1-4-5 ing形容詞和ed形容詞

1-4-6 形容詞的比較級及最高級

1-5 副詞
1-5-1 副詞的用法

1-5-2 副詞的位置

1-5-3 副詞比較級用法

1-5-4 副詞最高級用法

1-6 數詞
1-6-1 基數詞的表示方法及用法
數詞在中考中的考點其實很多，首先在聽力中會涉及到時間、距離、數字及電話號碼等方面的表達。另外在主謂一致、完成句子及寫作也會涉及對數詞的考察。

1-6-2 序數詞的表示方法及用法

1-6-3 分數及百分數的表達法

1-6-4 時間的表達法

1-6-5 日期的表達法

1-6-6 百，千，百萬，十億的用法

1-7 介詞
1-7-1 表示時間的介詞
介詞是中考的必考考點，其涉及面較廣，基本上在各個題型中都有涉及，尤其是在單選、完形及書面表達中最為突出。單選中主要考察時間介詞；完形及書面表達中以介詞短語的考查為主。

1-7-2 表示方位的介詞

1-7-3 表示工具，手段，方式的介詞

1-7-4 表示原因的介詞

1-7-5 常混淆介詞

1-8 連詞
1-8-1 並列連詞
連詞也是中考比較重要的考點，一般會出現在單選、完形和書面表達中，雖然該考點不是難點，但建議考生在寫作中適當應用連詞以增強文章邏輯性

1-8-2 從屬連詞

1-9 動詞
1-9-1 實義動詞的用法
動詞是中考考查最多的考點，也是英語學習中最為重要的知識點。只要出現英語試題的地方肯定會用到動詞。在中考中，考點主要涉及到時態、語態、主謂一致、情態動詞、非謂語動詞、動詞片語及詞義辨析等等。動詞也是考生容易犯錯的地方，需要考生加強對該模塊的學習。

1-9-2 動詞辨析

1-9-3 系動詞

1-9-4 助動詞

1-9-5 動詞片語

1-10 動詞的時態
1-10-1 一般現在時
時態的考查貫穿整個中考試題，主要考查8個基本時態。直接考點出現在單選、完成句子及寫作中；但在完形、閱讀的做題過程中也會間接涉及到考生對時態的掌握情況。單選中一般考查不同時態的辨析及時態與語態的結合，寫作中主要是考查正確語態的選用。完形和閱讀中需要考生注意不同時態表達意義的不同。建議考生從結構、用法、時間狀語等方面進行對時態的學習和把控。

1-10-2 一般過去時

1-10-3 一般將來時

1-10-4 過去進行時

1-10-5 過去將來時

1-10-6 過去完成時

1-10-7 將來進行時

1-10-8 將來完成時

1-10-9 現在完成時

1-10-10 現在進行時

1-11 動詞的語態
1-11-1 主動表被動
動詞語態一般與時態或情態動詞結合考查，是中考中的必考考點。

1-11-2 時態中的被動

1-11-3 被動語態中的特殊情況

1-12 情態動詞
1-12-1 情態動詞的定義與特徵
情態動詞也是中考必考考點，主要考查情態動詞表推測的用法、情態動詞的被動語態及情態動詞的答語。

1-12-2 重要情態動詞的用法

1-12-3 情態動詞表推測和問答考點

1-13 非謂語動詞
1-13-1 不定式
非謂語動詞在中考中涉及的考點也較多，是中考的熱點。考點會涉及對非謂語的基本用法及含義。在單選，完成句子及寫作中考查較多。建議學生對非謂語有個全面的學生，對其本質有個了解。

1-13-2 動名詞

1-13-3 分詞

1-14 主謂一致
1-14-3 語法一致原則
考綱要求考生掌握主謂一致的三大原則即語法一致、邏輯意義一致、就近原則；掌握主謂一致的特殊用法；學會分析句式，排除干擾，分清主謂，明了句子的主謂關系。

1-14-2 意義一致原則

1-14-3 臨近原則

1-15 倒裝
1-15-1 完全倒裝
中考在倒裝上的考察主要是集中在部分倒裝部分，同時也要兼顧到一些倒裝的特殊用法，建議考生在寫作中應用增加亮點。

1-15-2 部分倒裝

1-16 陳述句
1-16-1 陳述句的否定
這幾類句子在中考中的考查重要性不高，但作為基礎，他們仍是與其他語法相結合考查，學生們應該對其有著基本的了解和運用能力。

1-17 疑問句
1-17-1 疑問句的分類

1-17-2 反義疑問句

1-18 祈使句
1-18-1 祈使句

1-19 感嘆句
1-19-1 感嘆句

1-20 並列句
1-20-1 並列句

1-21 復合句
1-21-1 賓語從句
賓語從句是中考的必考點，單選中必有，完成句子、寫作中也會有涉及。狀語從句也是必考點，重點放在時間和條件狀語從句中，與時態結合考查；定語從句主要在完形和閱讀理解中出現，但在寫作中應用會成為寫作亮點。

1-21-2 主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句

1-21-3 定語從句

1-21-4 狀語從句

2-完形
2-1 完形填空
2-1-1完形填空技巧
完形填空是一種測試考生綜合運用英語語言知識能力的一種題型，它集閱讀理解能力與語言應用能力考查於一體，考查考生在閱讀理解基礎上，在一定語言情景下靈活運用詞彙的能力。它首先要求考生具備較強的閱讀能力，具備能根據短文所給線索，捕捉相關信息，進行分析判斷、邏輯推理的能力，它還要求考生能熟練運用所學詞彙、語法、習慣用語及交際用語等語言知識進行填詞，考查了使用語言的准確性。考生除必須掌握一定的語法、詞彙知識外，還有賴於提高閱讀理解能力。因為只有看懂了短文才能確定正確答案。

2-1-3完形填空高頻考詞

3-閱讀理解
3-1 選擇性閱讀
3-1-1 事實細節
閱讀理解題是中考英語的測試重點，也是中考英語試題中卷面分值最高的一種題型，在各地中考試卷中約佔30％的比例。閱讀理解題對學生提出了較高的能力要求，主要是考查學生通過閱讀獲取信息、分析信息和處理信息的能力，既要抓住文章的主旨，又要抓住細節；既要理解具體事實，又要理解抽象概念；既要理解文章字面意思，又要挖掘作者意圖，揣摩隱藏在字里行間的內涵既要理解全篇的邏輯關系又要理解某些細節的意思，並且在讀懂句子和文章的基礎上，將所讀文章進行判斷、分析和推理。概括的說就是這類題注重考查閱讀技能，包括理解短文大意、了解具體細節、通過上下文猜測詞義、歸納篇章大意，以及推斷或理解作者的態度和意圖等。考生不僅要具有準確獲得信息的能力，還要具有透過文章表層意思理解文章隱含意義的能力。這樣才能抓住中心思想，作出正確的判斷。試題涉及掌握語篇主旨，事實細節、深層含義、推理判斷、猜測詞義等多方面的閱讀能力考查。

3-1-2 主旨大意

3-1-3 推理判斷

3-1-4 猜測詞義

3-1-5 閱讀高頻詞彙

3-2 任務型閱讀
3-2-1 句意理解和篇章結構

3-3 信息匹配題
3-3-1 文章結構

4-書面表達
4-1 中考作文
4-1-1 審題，句式，語法和結構
書面表達是對學生在初中階段英語學習的綜合考查，涉及篇章結構、句子構成、短語使用和單詞拼寫等多方面內容。

5-完成句子
5-1 完成句子
5-1-1 中考五十句型和變化表達
完成句子一般是指根據所給漢語完成句子。這類題型主要檢測學生的語言基礎和對語法知識的掌握，如時態、語態、主從復合句等，特別應注意固定短語及常用的習慣搭配的積累，還要注意區別英漢表達上的差異，兩種語言在句型結構、詞語對應上的不同之處。答題時，要判斷所給句子該譯成簡單句、並列句還是復合句，並靈活運用英語句型結構；要考慮使用什麼時態、語態；要注意用法表達的准確性，選准單詞，才能使譯句表達得清楚、准確。

6-聽力理解
6-1 中考聽力
6-1-1 中考聽力技巧
英語聽力試題位於開頭部分，能否做好聽力測試對整個考試至關重要，所以一定要爭取時間 提前審題。? 同時還要沉著答題 ，遇難不慌 ，最後要仔細檢查 理順關系。

④ 高一必修二英語第三模塊文化角落語法講解

• 語法一：時間狀語從句

時間狀語從句主要用於說明主句動詞的時間,其類型頗多詳見如下歸納。

1． When 引導的時間狀語從句,意為「當……的時候」，when 的從句可以用延續性動詞。 He was working at the table when I went in . 當我進去的時候，她正在桌旁工作。 I was watching TV when he came. 他來的時候我正在看電視。

注意：when 也可以作並列連詞，表示一個動作即將或正在進行或剛完成的時候，突然發生了另一件事。

I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正要離開，這是電話鈴響了。

We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out.

我們正在化學實驗室工作，突然燈熄滅了。

I had just gone to sleep when there was a knock at the door. 我剛入睡就有人敲門。

2． While 引導的時間狀語從句，表示「與……同時，在……期間」。While 的從句中常用延續性動詞或表示狀態的詞。

They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 當我們正在討論問題時，他們沖了進來。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.

當我正在玩電子游戲時，爸爸在清洗汽車。

注意：while 還可以表示對比意義，意為「而；卻」。例如：

Jane was dressed in blue, while Mary was dressed in red.

珍妮穿著藍色的衣服，而瑪麗穿紅色的。

3． As 引導的時間狀語從句，作「當……的時候，一邊……一邊」「隨著----」解，as 的從句中可使用延續性動詞，也可使用非延續性動詞。例如：

He sang as he was working.他一邊工作一邊唱歌。

As time goes by, we have a better understanding of things around us.

隨著時間的推移，我們對自己周圍的事務有了更好的理解。

4． Before 和 after 引導的從句：前者一邊表示主句的動作發生早從句的動作之前；後者表示主句的動作發生在從句的動作之後。例如：

I didn』t know any English before I started school. 我上學之前，一點英語都不懂

I had cooked supper before my parents came back. 我父母回來之前，我就做好了晚飯。 It won』t be long before we meet again. 我們不久就能見面。

After he came out, he locked the door. 他出來後，就鎖上了門。

5． Since 和 ever since 引導的從句：表示「自從……以來」，從句一般表示動作的起點，用過去時。主句表示動作延續的情況，一般用現在完成時或現在完成進行時。如果主句表示的是時間，主句可用一邊現在時，也可用現在完成時。

現在完成時(延續性動詞)…since+…過去時（非延續性動詞）「自從……以來」

現在完成時(延續性動詞)…since+…過去時 （延續性動詞）「自（延續性動詞結束以來……」 Since he came here , he has made a lot of friends.他來這里以後，已交了許多朋友。

He has been working here ever since he left university.

自從大學畢業以後，他就一直在這里工作。

She has lived alone since her husband died.自丈夫去世後她就一直獨自生活。

I have been wearing glasses since I was three.我三歲以後一直戴眼鏡。

It is ten years since he smoked.他戒煙十年了。

• 語法二 過去完成時

1. 過去完成時由助動詞had 加過去分詞構成，主要表示在過去某時之前已發生的動作或情況，也可以說時「過去時間的過去」。

其被動形式為「had + been + p.p」 例如：

By the end of last term, we had learned more than 3,000 English words.

到上個學期末為止我們已經學了3000 多個單詞了。

注意：如果句中出現了表示過去的具體時間狀語，句子的內容可為過去的實際情況或句子中的內容為歷史事實時，句中的動詞時態只能用一般過去時。例如：

The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.

2. 在表示某人過去未曾完成的「心願，打算，計劃，想法，許諾」等等時，hope , mean ,plan, want ,promise , intend 等位於動詞必須用過去完成時。例如：

I had planned to offer you some help in your shop, but suddenly my mother fell ill yesterday. 昨天我原本計劃在你的店裡幫一些忙的，但是我媽媽突然病了。

He had hoped to spend the important day with us last Sunday , but he was too busy then. 上星期他原本很想與我們一起度過這個重要的日子，可是他當時實在太忙了

⑤ 七年級下冊英語（人教版）7、8、9模塊的語法，句型，重點短語

Unit7 What does he look like?
一．短語
1. look like 看起來像.... 2. curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直發
3. medium height/build 中等高度／身體 4. a little bit 一點兒…
5. a pop singer 一位流行歌手 6 .have a new look 呈現新面貌
7. go shopping (do some shopping) 去購物 8. the captain of the basketball team籃球隊隊長
9. be popular with sb 為---所喜愛 10. one of --- ---中的一個
11 .stop to do sth 停下來去做某事 12. stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情
13 .tell jokes/ stories 講笑話/ 講故事 14. have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事
15. remember ( forget) to do sth 記得（忘記）做某事（沒有做的）
16 . remember (forget) doing sth 記得（忘記）做過某事（已做）
二．本單元的重點句：
1.Is that your friend? No, it isn』t. 2. What does she look like?
3. I think I know her. ( I don』t think I know her.) 4. Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team.
5. She』s a little bit quiet. 6 .Xu Qian loves to tell jokes.
7 .She never stops talking. 8 .She likes reading and playing chess.
9. I don』t think he』s so great. 10. I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
11. Now he has a new look.
三．重難點解析
1. What does/ do +主語 + look like? 詢問某人的外貌特徵，看上去什麼樣？
Eg: What does your friend look like?
2. 形容頭發時， 可按照先長短，後曲直， 最後說顏色的順序說。(長形色)
Eg: She has long curly black hair.
3. one of + 名詞復數 ，謂語動詞要用「單三」形式。
Eg: One of his friends is a worker.
4. 不定代詞做主語時， 謂語動詞要用「單三」形式。修飾不定代詞詞，應該放在它的後面．
Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
5．He is …(通常為形容詞，包括身高、體形等)
He has…（通常為形容詞修飾的名詞，包括頭發、五官）
He wears…（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼鏡、手錶、胡須）
6．I don』t think…的用法 表達否定的看法I don』t think she is good-looking.(否定主觀態度)
Unit 8 I＇d like some noodles
一． 短語
1．beef and tomato noodles＼noodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西紅柿面
chicken and cabbage noodlesmutton and potato noodles
tomato and egg noodlesbeef and carrot noodles
2．would like to do sth \want to do s.th 想要作某事
3．what kind of noodles什麼種類的面條 4．what size bowl of noodles什麼大小碗型的面
5．a large＼medium\small bowl of noodles 大＼中＼小碗的面
6．ice cream冰淇淋orange juice桔汁green tea綠茶RMB人民幣phone number
7． House of Dumplings＼noodles餃子＼面館Dessert House甜點屋
二．重點句型
1． What kind of vegetables\meat\ drink food would you like?
I』d like …… I』d like chicken and cabbage noodles.
2. What kind of noodles would you like? I』d like beef noodles.
3. What kind of noodles would you like? I』d like chicken and cabbage noodles.
4. What size bowl \plate of noodles would you like?
5. I』d like a large \ medium\ small bowl noodles.
6. What size cake would you like? I would like a small birthday-cake.
三．重難點解析
1．would like 想要 （表示一種委婉的語氣）其用法相當於want.
would like + 名詞 would like an apple (want an apple)
would like to do sth He would like to play soccer.
----Would you like to see the dolphins? ----Yes, I』d like to.
（1）would 是情態動詞，沒有人稱和數的變化，可與人稱代詞縮寫為』d, 與其它情態動詞一樣可幫助完成疑問句和否定句。（你能舉出例子嗎？） 我想要些牛肉。 I』d like some beef.
她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能變否定句和疑問句嗎？）
（2) Would you like sth.? 是提建議的一種句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.
肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK. 其否定回答是：No, thanks.
2． What kind of noodles would you like?
kind 在此句中作「種類」講，a kind of 一種，all kinds of 各種各樣的。kind of 有幾分
A cat is a kind of animal. There are all kinds of animals in the zoo The cat is kind of smart.
3．Can I help you?你要買什麼? 肯定Yes, please . I would like …… 否定No, thanks.

Unit 9 How was your weekend
一．短語
1. play +運動 play soccer play tennis play sports
play the + 樂器 play the guitar play with…和某人＼物玩耍
2．have +三餐 have breakferst \lunch \ supper
3. study for… clean the room visit sb stay at homehave a party talk show
4．go to the beach go to the movies go for a walk go to the mountains
5．go shopping\do some shopping \go to the shop 買東西
6．last weekend＼over the weekend 上周末on weekends 每周末
7．on +某日＋morning\afternoon\evening (或具體的某一天) in + morning\afternoon\evening
in+世紀\年＼月＼季節at +時刻last (next) month＼year\week
8．what about＋n\v-ing\pren=how about ……呢
9. spend the weekend last week 度過上周的周末
10．it』s time to do sth＝it』s time for sth 該做么的時候了 11．look for尋找．．．．．
二，重點句型和語法
1．一般過去時
表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,通常與過去的時間狀語連用:
yesterday ,last week(month,year)
（1）系動詞be的過去時: am(is) →was, are →were
陳述句：He was at home yesterday.
否定句：He wasn』t at home yesterday.
疑問句：Was he at home yesterday? Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn』t.
（2）行為動詞的一般過去時:
陳述句：主語+動詞過去式+其它 I go to the movie. →I went to the movie.
否定句：主語+助動詞didn』t+動詞原形+其 I don』t go to school today. →I didn』t go to school.
一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形+其它Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast?
Yes,I do./No,I don』t. Yes,I did./No,I didn』t.
（3）規則動詞的過去式變化規則

變化規則 例詞
一般在詞尾加—ed. play→played
以不發音的e結尾的，只加--d. like →liked
love →loved
以輔音字母+y 結尾的，變y為i ,再加—ed. study →studied
carry →carried
以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed stop →stopped
plan →planned
動詞不規則變化：
do →did have →had go →went see →saw read →read get →got
give →gave sleep →slept eat →ate write →wrote find_---found
2. what』s the date today? It』s …
3. What was the date yesterday? It was…
What』s the weather like today? It』s …?
4. How was your weekend?
6．What did she do ? She did her homework
7．What did he do last weekend ? He played soccer
8．．It』s time to go home= It』s time for home

⑥ 牛津高中英語模塊三語法

就是紫紅色的那本書，對么？
3各單元，每個單元有因為解釋，書上的解釋不夠全面，建議你使用教輔書訓練，推薦《世紀金榜譯林牛津版模塊三》，最好是答案有解析的，就算把語法告訴你，不會做題也沒用

⑦ 日語語法

初學日語干貨，將日語學以致用才是最終目標，你應該這樣學習

語言的學習途徑比較多，但是實際上大家還是最喜歡一些寓教於樂的東西。很多時候最關鍵的還是體驗學習的氛圍，更要注重和別人的交流。下面我們就來看看怎樣真正將日語學以致用才是最終目標。

日語和英語有聯通的地方，就是很多的日語單詞都是由英文直接音譯形成的，也就是外來語，比如英語的床是bed，日語的床的發音是beto，利用這個可以把兩種語言合在一起學，英語注重語法，日語注重詞彙，合在一起沒有太大的障礙。

學校里天天學英語，周末學日語，彼此之間沒有什麼影響，倒是由於英語的基礎很輕松的就背會了很多日語單詞。學習沒有捷徑，沒有所謂的簡單快捷的方法，只有相對來說比較有效果的方法。

日語完全依靠自學難度比較大，建議剛開始的時候跟發音好的老師學習五十音圖。入手重點掌握五十音圖的讀音、讀法、書寫及一些日語的基礎句型。首先必須打好基礎，這對你今後的學習尤為重要，可以少走許多彎路。應該注意多給自己學好它的信心，不要半途而廢。對自身並沒有什麼要求，只要你想學，而且有信心學好它就可以了。學習任何東西都需要一個過程，一步登天的夢想是不可求的。也許這其中少不了枯燥乏味的感受，但是，請記住一點：貴在堅持，你就會有收獲的。