1. 初中有關定語從句的語法
初中定語從句詳解。 定語從句是一種形容詞的關系從句。它由關系代詞或關系副詞引導（1）。初中英語中的定語從句僅限於限制性定於從句，但對初中生來說，定語從句既是一個重點，也是一個難點。【關鍵詞】定語從句 先行詞 關系代詞 關系副詞
一、英語中的定語從句與漢語中的定語位置不同。
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。英語中的定語從句始終要放在被修飾的詞之後，而漢語中的定語則放在被修飾詞之前。如：
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.
先行詞 定語從句
昨天我在校門口看見的那個人是我的英語老師。
二、英語從句中的句型結構比較復雜，有先行詞、關系代詞或關系副詞。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的關聯詞有關系代詞或關系副詞。限制性關系分句和它的先行項的所指意義有著不可分割的聯系（2）。關系代詞或關系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，關系代詞或關系副詞在定語從句中要充當一個成分。關系代詞在句中可作主語、賓語或定語，關系副詞在句中作狀語。如：
I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主語）
先行詞 關系代詞
我正在等穿著紅色外套的那個男孩。
The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(賓語)
先行詞 關系代詞
我姐姐上周星期天給我的那本字典很貴。
The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定語)
先行詞 關系代詞
那個是他的母親，名叫琳達
2. 初中英語從句知識點總結
從句
1、主語從句
引導詞有：that，what，whether，when，wherever，who 等，主語從句的謂語動詞必須用單數。
舉例：
1) That he will fall the exam is certain.
2) What she said is true.
3) It doesn't matter when she leaves.
4) Whoever is tired may rest.
2、表語從句
一般位於系動詞之後。
舉例：
The question is that I also like her.
3、賓語從句
句型：主句 + 連詞 + 賓語從句
連接賓語從句的詞有：that，if，whether，who，whose，what，which，where，when，why，how，whoever，whomever，whenever，wherever 等》
舉例：
1) He said that he was the first to clamb to the top of the mountain.
2) I wonder if / whether you could lend me tour bike.
3) Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want.
4) She doesn't know who will come.
5) He asked if / whether she had an apartment in the city.
6) Who do you think they will travel with?
4、狀語從句
（1）時間狀語從句
引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：when，whenever，as，while，before，after，until，till，since，ever，as soon asimmediately，directly，hardly，hardly ... when 等。
舉例：
1) When I was in Shanghai, I met her.
2) Please wait until you are called.
（2）地點狀語從句
常由 where 何 wherever 引導。
舉例：
He lives where the street crosses the river.
（3）原因狀語從句
常由 as，because，since，now that，seeing that 等引導，其中語氣最強烈的就是 because。
舉例：
He has to leave off because he is seriously ill.
（4）條件狀語從句
常由 if，unless，as long as，so long as 等引導。
舉例：
If you can correct your faults, your work is good.
（5）目的狀語從句
常由 so that，in order to 等引導。
舉例：
Speak loudly so that every one may hear you clearly.
（6）比較狀語從句
常由 than，as，as ... as 等引導。
舉例：
I have got as much money as I need.
（7）讓步狀語從句
常由 though / although，even though，as，if，even if 和 wh- + -ever 復合詞引導。
舉例：
Although I tried my best to learn English, I haven't passed the exam.
（8）方式狀語從句
常由 as，as if，as though，how 等引導。
舉例：
She looks as if she is still young.
（9）結果狀語從句
常由 that，so / such that 等引導。
舉例：
She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her.
5、定語從句
結構：
...... 先行詞（被修飾的名詞或代詞） + 關系代詞 / 關系副詞 + ......
一般來說，修飾人用 who，whom，whose，that；修飾物用 that / which。
舉例：
1) The road which through our school is very wide.
2) This is the school where my brother studies
3) Is there anything that you don't understand?.
3. 初中英語定語從句講解
定語從句即用句子來做定語，被修飾或被限制的詞稱作先行詞，例如版
1.I don't know the girl who is talking there.
2.I don't know the girl who you met just now.
3.Give me the book that you read just now.
4.Give me the book ,which you read just now.
5.Give me the pen that you write with.
6.Give me the pen with which you write .
仔細看句子中的book 和pen就是先權行詞，他們後面的who that which 就是引導定語從句的關系代詞，當先行詞是人用who,先行詞是物用that,先行詞後出現介詞或逗號用which.
這是一種捷徑，細節問題找本語法書慢慢學。
4. 初中英語語法知識總結：從句
一 名詞性從句:
1. 主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.
2. 主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語. :
3. 形式賓語
4. 由名詞性關系代詞whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5. whether and if 都能引導從句, 但用法有所不同. 當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if. Whether 後能直接or not, 但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6. 在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導, 不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二: 定語從句
1. 引導定語從句的關系詞有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定語從句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整個句子, 多用which.
2. 當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等詞, 或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all, anything, nothing, something, everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3. as 可做引導詞引導定語從句, 多和such, the same 連用. As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子, 既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4. 介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5. 代/名+介詞+which 從句
6. 同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:
修飾主句中的動詞, 形容詞和副詞, 通常有從屬連詞引導, 按其意義和作用可分為時間, 地點, 條件, 原因, 讓步, 目的, 結果, 方式, 比較.等
1. 時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc
2. 地點狀語從句: 一般用where or wherever 引導
3. 條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc
4. 原因狀語從句: 從屬連詞有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鑒於,由於)
5. 讓步狀語從句:
1): even if, though, even though, while(盡管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句, 語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6. 結果狀語從句: so that, so…that, such…that
7. 目的狀語從句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case
8. 方式狀語從句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一樣
9. 比較狀語從句:
1) as…as, not so/as…as
2) 比較級+than, so much/a lot more than
3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than
4) the more…the more
5. 求初中英語定語從句的必備知識點
1）who: 當先行項指人時，在定語從句中作主語。
eg: The student who answered the question was John.
The man who was here yesterday is a artist.
2）whom: 當先行項指人時，在定語從句中作賓語。
eg: The man whom I saw is called Smith.
The professor whom you wish to see has come.
3）which: 當先行項指物時，在定語從句中作主語、賓語。
eg: This is the book which has been translated into many languages.（主語）
He doesn』t know the rule which everybody knows.（賓語）
4）that: 當先行項指人、物時，在定語從句中作主語、賓語。
eg: The building that stands over there is a hospital.
The letter that I received form him yesterday is very important.
Is he the man that sells eggs?
He is the man that we are looking for.
註：先行項指物時，只用that的情況
① 先行項有形容詞最高級修飾
eg: It is the largest map that I』ve ever seen.
This is the most interesting book I』ve ever read.
② 先行項有序數詞修飾
eg: It』s the first book that won the prize.
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
③ 先行項有the only, the very, the same修飾
eg: This is the very computer that I want.
He is the only one among us that knows Spanish.
That』s the same man that asked for help the day before yesterday.
④ 先行項有不定代詞修飾
eg: All the apples that fell down were picked up.
⑤ 先行項本身為不定代詞
eg: All that glitters is not gold.
There is nothing that can prevent him form doing it.
This reference book contains much/ little that is useful.
⑥ 先行項為既指人又指物的並列名詞短語
eg: The boy and the book that the police are looking for disappeared.
He talked of the man and the book that interested him.
Look at the girl and the dog that are crossing the street.
註：先行項指人時，只用that的情況
① 先行項有形容詞最高級修飾
eg: Newton was one of the greatest men that ever lived.
He was the cleverest man that ever taught in our school.
② 先行項有序數詞修飾
eg: He was the first Japanese that won the Nobel Prize.
③ 先行項有the only, the very, the same修飾
eg: He is the only one among us that knows Spanish.
④ 先行項有all, any等限定詞修飾
eg: Any students that want to get the ticket may come in.
5）當先行項為整個上文時，用which不用that
eg: I have known men far more able than Bowles, but not half so interesting
whichis quite a different thing.
6）介詞前置只用which 不用that
eg: This is the hotel at which I stayed ring my holiday.
7）關系代詞whose作定語，表示定語從句的主語與先行詞之間的所屬關系，可用of which 替
換，詞序一般是「名詞 + of which」，也可以是「of which + 名詞」。
eg: He』s written a book the name of which (= whose name) I』ve completely
forgotten.
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.
2. 關系副詞（在定語從句中作狀語）：when, where, why…
1）when: 時間狀語
eg: He came last night when I was out.
2）where: 地點狀語
eg: That is the place where he once lived.
3）why: 原因狀語（why只有限定用法，而非限定用法則用for which reason）
eg: He refused to disclose the reason why he did it.
The reason why I was late is that there was a traffic jam on my way he
6. 初中英語語法
7. 初中英語所有學到的從句總結
一樓的等於沒說！補充點：初中英語語法總結
( 動詞的時態) 11.1 一般現在時的用法 1） 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。 2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。 3） 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。 注意：此用法如果出現在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現在時。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。 4） 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。 比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。 第一句用一般現在時，用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以後句用一般現在時。 11.2 一般過去時的用法 1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？ 2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那時，布朗一家無論什麼時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。 3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。 It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。 would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。 4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含義：她已不在人間。） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含義：她現在還活著） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含義：現在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去） 注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。 1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。 2）情態動詞 could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎？ 11.3 used to / be used to used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。例如： Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。 Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。 be used to + doing：對……已感到習慣，或"習慣於"，to是介詞，後需加名詞或動名詞。例如： He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。 典型例題 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語，但從語意上看出，在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去，因此應用過去時。 11.4 一般將來時 1） shall用於第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱，在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例如： Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？ 2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢？ b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。這出戲下月開播。 c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏雲，快要下雨了。 3） be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如： We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。 4） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。 注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。 11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時，be going to表將來,will表意願。例如： If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 11.6 be to和be going to be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如： I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排） I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排） 11.7 一般現在時表將來 1）下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開.
8. 初中英語語法重點有哪些
主要是賓語從句和狀語從句,如果說考的稍微難一些的話就是定語從句以及名詞性從句,一般考的話後兩者的難度不會很大.
賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語,從句放在主句之後,前後不用逗號分開.
賓語從句：
引導賓語從句的詞有：
連詞that(在口語中that常可省略),if,whether,如：
He knows that Jim will work hard.
連接代詞who,whom,which等,如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
連接副詞when,where,how,why等,如：Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有「是否」的意思,一般情況下兩者可以換用,但在介詞之後,
不定式之前,與or not連用,在句首或在引導表語從句,同位語從句時,只能用whether,如：I want to know if/whether the news is true.He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序.
5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應,即：當主句謂語動詞是過去式時,從句中謂語動
詞也要用過去范疇的時態,但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律,其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時,如：
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
9. 初中英語從句知識點總結
從句
1、主語從句
引導詞有：that，what，whether，when，wherever，who
等，主語從句的謂語動詞必須用單數。
舉例：
1)
That
he
will
fall
the
exam
is
certain.
2)
What
she
said
is
true.
3)
It
doesn't
matter
when
she
leaves.
4)
Whoever
is
tired
may
rest.
2、表語從句
一般位於系動詞之後。
舉例：
The
question
is
that
I
also
like
her.
3、賓語從句
句型：主句
+
連詞
+
賓語從句
連接賓語從句的詞有：that，if，whether，who，whose，what，which，where，when，why，how，whoever，whomever，whenever，wherever
等》
舉例：
1)
He
said
that
he
was
the
first
to
clamb
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
2)
I
wonder
if
/
whether
you
could
lend
me
tour
bike.
3)
Parents
shouldn't
give
their
children
whatever
they
want.
4)
She
doesn't
know
who
will
come.
5)
He
asked
if
/
whether
she
had
an
apartment
in
the
city.
6)
Who
do
you
think
they
will
travel
with?
4、狀語從句
（1）時間狀語從句
引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：when，whenever，as，while，before，after，until，till，since，ever，as
soon
asimmediately，directly，hardly，hardly
...
when
等。
舉例：
1)
When
I
was
in
Shanghai,
I
met
her.
2)
Please
wait
until
you
are
called.
（2）地點狀語從句
常由
where
何
wherever
引導。
舉例：
He
lives
where
the
street
crosses
the
river.
（3）原因狀語從句
常由
as，because，since，now
that，seeing
that
等引導，其中語氣最強烈的就是
because。
舉例：
He
has
to
leave
off
because
he
is
seriously
ill.
（4）條件狀語從句
常由
if，unless，as
long
as，so
long
as
等引導。
舉例：
If
you
can
correct
your
faults,
your
work
is
good.
（5）目的狀語從句
常由
so
that，in
order
to
等引導。
舉例：
Speak
loudly
so
that
every
one
may
hear
you
clearly.
（6）比較狀語從句
常由
than，as，as
...
as
等引導。
舉例：
I
have
got
as
much
money
as
I
need.
（7）讓步狀語從句
常由
though
/
although，even
though，as，if，even
if
和
wh-
+
-ever
復合詞引導。
舉例：
Although
I
tried
my
best
to
learn
English,
I
haven't
passed
the
exam.
（8）方式狀語從句
常由
as，as
if，as
though，how
等引導。
舉例：
She
looks
as
if
she
is
still
young.
（9）結果狀語從句
常由
that，so
/
such
that
等引導。
舉例：
She
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
all
the
students
love
and
respect
her.
5、定語從句
結構：
......
先行詞（被修飾的名詞或代詞）
+
關系代詞
/
關系副詞
+
......
一般來說，修飾人用
who，whom，whose，that；修飾物用
that
/
which。
舉例：
1)
The
road
which
through
our
school
is
very
wide.
2)
This
is
the
school
where
my
brother
studies
3)
Is
there
anything
that
you
don't
understand?.