㈠ 八年級上冊英語語法聚焦第三單元的翻譯
湯姆比薩姆更來聰明嗎源?不,他不是。薩姆比湯姆更聰明。
塔拉比蒂娜更外向嗎?不,她不是。蒂娜比塔拉更外向。
你和你姐姐一樣友好嗎?不,我不是。我更友好。
塔拉學習和蒂娜一樣努力嗎?是的,她是。
在學校里,誰學習更努力?蒂娜認為她比我學習更努力。
㈡ 初中八年級英語所有語法
現在完成時
1.構成
現在完成時是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬於現在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞,說明句子的意義。
2.用法
(1)表示動作發生在過去某個不確定的時間,但對現在留下了某種影響和結果。常被just, already, yet 等副詞修飾。常與非延續性動詞連用。 如:
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你(已經)吃午飯了嗎? 我剛剛吃過。(現在我不餓了)
(2)表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。這個動作可能剛停止,可能仍然在進行。常用延續性動詞,常帶有for和since(自從)等表示一段時間的狀語。
如:He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在這兒教書。(可能還要繼續教)
I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年沒見到她了。
(3)表示說話前發生過一次或多次的動作,現在成為一種經驗,一般譯為漢語「過」,常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時間狀語。
如: I have been to Beijing twice. 我去過北京二次。
3.結構
1)陳述句結構:主語+have( has)(not)+過去分詞+其它。have not=haven』t has not= hasn』t.
2) 一般疑問句結構:Have( Has )+主語+過去分詞+其它?
3) 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+have(has) +主語+ 過去分詞+其它?
e.g. He has already finished his homework.
He hasn』t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet? --Yes, he has. / No, he hasn』t. / No, not yet.
4.現在完成時的時間狀語
1)現在完成時屬於現在時范圍,故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如: yesterday, last Sunday, in1990, three years ago等。但是,在強調動作產生的後果和影響時,可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。
a. 用副詞already和yet。already一般用於肯定句中,yet一般用於否定句和 疑問句中。如:We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業。
b. 用ever 和never。多用於否定或疑問句中,表示「曾經」或「從未「等。 如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經去過長城嗎?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。 c. 用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語,如just(剛剛), before(以前), up to now(直到現在)/ until now, in the past (few years/ three days 等), so far (迄今為止) recently 等。 例如:I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前見過她,但記不起在哪裡見過。
He has been there three times the last few days. 近幾年他去過那裡三次了。 d.用包括「現在」在內的時間狀語,如:today, this morning (month ,year, term等.例如:-Have you met him today? - No, I haven't. 今天你見過他嗎?我沒有。
How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去過那裡多少次?
2) 現在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示「一段時間」的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態從某一時刻開始,一直持續到現在。如:I haven't seen him for two years. 但是,像come, arrive, buy等終止性動詞不能與表示「一段時間」的狀語連用。要用,必須改為「be(在)」等延續性動詞來表述。現歸納總結一下由非延續性動詞到延續性動詞的轉換:
arrive → be here begin (start) → be on die →be dead come back → be back leave → be away fall ill (sick, asleep) → be ill (sick, asleep) go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on get up →be up join →be in / be a member of… open → be open close →be closed go to school→ be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study → study come to work→ work
如:He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。或He has been in the army for there years. 不可以說He has joined the army for there years.
His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。(不可以說has died)
The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鍾了。(不可以說has begun)
We have studied English for three years. (不可以說have begun) 我們(開始)學英語已三年了。
5. 現在完成時和一般過去時的區別
現在完成時和一般過去時都表示在過去完成的動作。但現在完成時強調的是這一動作與現在的關系。如對現在產生的結果或影響等,而一般過去時只表示動作在過去某一時刻發生,不表示和現在的關系。試比較:
I have lost my new book. 我把新書丟了。(現在還未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新書丟了。(昨天丟的,現在找到與否沒說明)
6.幾點注意事項 (1)have been(to)與have gone( to)的區別:have been(to) 表示「去過某地(現在已經回來了)」,可用於各人稱;have gone(to) 表示「去某地了(說話時某人不在當地)」,常用於第 三人稱,前者可與once ,never, several times等連用,後者則不能。如:They have been to Beijing twice.他們去過北京兩次。 He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 (2)「It is或has been + 一段時間+ since引導的時間狀語從句」表示「某人干某事已經多長時間了」。since從句的謂語要用非延續性動詞 若動詞延續,則譯成相反的意思。如:It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有三年了。 It is two years since his father lived here. 他爸爸不住這兒已有三年了。 (3)終止性動詞現在完成時的否定式,已變成一種可以延續的狀態,因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如:I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來,我一直沒有離開過這兒。 (4).提問for短語或since狀語用how long。
(5).完成時的否定形式與比較級連用表達最高級含義。如:
I have never seen a better film.我從未看過一部更好的電影。(這部最好)
註:否定式與比較級連用表示最高級含義不一定用於完成時態。如:
--- What about going fishing? --- I can』t agree more.(我再同意不過了哦)
.語法—直接引語變間接引語(多數情況下變為賓語 從句)
(1). 直接引語如果是陳述句,變為間接引語時,用連詞that 引導(口語中可以省略引導詞)賓語從句。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語:
a. 「I』ll visit my aunt tomorrow.」 Lily said. ____________________________.
b. Our teacher often say to us,」 It』s important to finish your homework.」
_______________________________________________________
c. They said they would meet at 9:00 p.m. that night.
「_______________________________________.」they said.
d. Lana said that she wasn』t mad at Marcia anymore.
Lana said』」_______________________________.」
(2). 直接引語如果是一般疑問句,變為間接引語時,變為由連詞if 或whether引導的賓語從句。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語:
a. 「Will you have a surprise party for me?」 he asked me.
_______________________________________________
b. She asked Tom,」 Can you help me?」 ___________________________ c. He asked me if I knew who killed the cat.
He asked ,」__________________________________?」
(3). 直接引語如果是特殊疑問句,變為間接引語時,疑問詞不變,賓語從句用陳述語序。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語:
a. The teacher asked,」 Why are all the windows open?」
______________________________________________.
b. 「When will you find out the time?」 she asked me.
______________________________________________.
c. 「What』s the matter with you, Alice?」 he asked.
_____________________________________
d. They asked me where my friends were.
____________________________________________
(4).直接引語如果是肯定型祈使句,變為間接引語時,謂語變為tell sb. to do 或ask sb. to do 等句式。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語:
a. 「Make sure the door is closed,」 she said to her little son.
____________________________________________________.
b. 「Tell me the news, please.」 Li Hui said to me.
____________________________________________________.
c. He asked me to take care of his pet dog.
「_______________________________,」 he said to me.
(5).直接引語如果是否定型祈使句,變為間接引語時,謂語變為tell sb.not to do 或ask sb. not to do等。把下列句子變為間接引語或直接引語:a. 「Don』t smoke in the room,」 he said to me.
________________________________________________.
b. 「Don』t shout at the old man,」 I said to him.________________________
c. Our teacher told us not to talk in class.
「____________________________, 「 our teacher said to us.
d. My mother told me ___ others when they are in trouble.
A. not to laugh at B. don』t laugh at C. not laugh at D. never laugh at
2. if 條件句 在一般將來時的句子里(指主句),時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句等的謂語動詞用一般現在時代替將來時。當主句含有情態動詞或主句為祈使句時,從句也用一般現在時。如:You must pay for it if you lose it.
附加疑問句
附加疑問句由「陳述句 + 附加疑問句」兩部分構成。一般有兩種形式:前肯後否或前否後肯。對附加疑問部分應注意以下幾點: 1)主語只能用人稱代詞;2)附加疑問句的not必須與(be /助/情)縮寫;3)附加疑問句的時態必須與陳述部分的時態一致。
Tom is a worker, isn』t Tom? (改錯) _______ You can swim, can not you? ( 改錯) ______
特別注意以下幾種反意疑問句
1.陳述部分含否定意味的詞如few,little,never,nothing,nobody,no,hardly,none,seldom等時,附加疑問句應使用肯定形式;但如果陳述句部分含有un-, in-, im-, dis-等否定前綴構成的派生詞時,該陳述句部分仍做肯定處理,疑問部分用否定形式。
He hardly speaks English, does he? They are unhappy, aren』t they?
2. this/that作主語時,無論是否指人,疑問部分用it;these/those用they。
This is your brother, isn』t it? Those are books,_______________?
3.陳述部分的主語如果是one, 疑問部分主語用one或he。One can』t be always young, can one/ he?
4.陳述部分的主語是everything, something, nothing, anything時,附加疑問句的主語應用it;陳述部分的主語是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one時,附加疑問句的主語應用they或he。
Everything is ready, ___________? Everyone is here, ____________?
5.陳述部分是祈使句時,附加疑問句一般用:will you? 但注意:
Let』s…(包括聽者在內), 附加疑問句一般用shall we? Let us/him/me …(不包括聽者在內), 附加疑問句一般用will you? Let』s go for a walk, shall we? Let him come in, will you?
6.陳述部分是there be結構時,應用be there?結構來完成。 There』s little water, _________?
7..陳述部分含that引導的賓語從句時,疑問部分通常與主句一致。但當主句陳述部分是」I / We think (believe, suppose) +賓語從句」時,附加問句應與從句一致。I』m sure + 賓語從句也是如此
1).She said I did it, _________? 2)We don』t think you are right,________?
3) I』m sure you』ll help me, ____________?
8.如果陳述部分是I am… , 附加疑問部分為aren』t I? I am older than you, __________?
9.陳述部分含had better, would like時, 疑問部分分別用hadn』t…?和wouldn』t…? You』d better go out , _______________? You』d like to go there, ____________________?
10.陳述部分是感嘆句,附加問句的人稱代詞應與主語一致,疑問部分用否定形式。 What a kind girl, isn』t she? What a fine day, ___________?
11.the+形容詞表示一類人,其附加疑問句主語用復數代詞。 The poor had no right to speak at that time, did they?
12. 由neither…nor,either… or , not only…but also , both…and , not…but,…or…, …and…等連接的並列主語,附加疑問部分用復數。
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? Both Jack and Tom went there, didn』t they?
13.當陳述部分含有have to時,附加疑問部分的助動詞應根據have 的變化,分別用don』t, doesn』t, didn』t。 He has to take your advice, doesn』t he?
14.當陳述部分的主語是從句、不定式、動名詞或片語時,附加疑問部分的主語通常用it。 What he said at the meeting is very important, isn』t it? Swimming in rivers is a good sport, _____________?
15.當陳述部分含有wish時,附加疑問部分的助動詞用may。I wish to use your computer, may I?
16. 當陳述部分的謂語是「used to+動詞原形(過去常常干某事)」時,疑問部分用「didn』t+主語」或「usedn』t +主語」。 He used to live in London, didn』t he? / usedn』t he?
㈢ 八年級上冊英語unit1~unit3語法句型(完整的)
8年級上冊語法重點
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
重點語法:頻率副詞
詢問別人做某事的頻繁程度
提問用 How often 引導特殊疑問句
回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等頻率副詞。
例句:A: How often do you watch TV?(你多長時間看一次電視?)
B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看電視。)
A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜歡的節目是什麼?)
B: It's Animal World.(是《動物世界》。)
A: How often do you watch it?(你多長時間看一次這個節目?)
Unit 2 What's the matter?
重點語法:詢問別人如何感覺
了解人體器官和部位的英文名稱
了解一些常見病的英文名稱
告訴別人應該怎樣做和不應該怎樣做
例句:A: What's the matter?(怎麼了?)
B: I'm not feeling well.(我感覺不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。)
A: When did it start?(什麼時候開始的?)
B: About two days ago.(大約兩天前開始的。)
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
重點語法:用現在進行時態表示一般將來時態
強調某個動作已經計劃好即將按照計劃去執行
例句:A: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?(林輝,放假准備干什麼呢?)
B: I'm going to Tibet for a week.(我要去西藏旅遊一周。)
A: That sounds interesting!(這聽起來很有趣。)
希望能幫到你啊,我是英語牛人團的 Ivy !
㈣ 八年級下英語unit3的語法,句型,易錯題
1. in fron...of 在..前面
2.getting out of +地點 從...出來
3.cutting hair 剪頭發
4.當while前後的句子描述的情況相對或相反,內while可譯為「而」 while更強調並列的容對比而並非轉折。
5.was/were+doing (過去進行時)
6.以字母結尾ie的動詞,變ie為y,再加doing
7.took off 起飛
be suiprised 感到吃驚 (主語是人)
how + 形容詞或動詞
an unusual experieuce 一次不尋常的經歷
jump down 跳下來
was too scred 太恐怖了
took piace 發生 (沒有被動)
hears about 聽到
in moderm history 在現代歷史上
everday activities 日常活動
become a nationai hero 成為一個英雄
all over the world 世界各地
hears about + 名詞/代詞/短語
=heart of
in silence 沉默地
㈤ 初二上的英語第3單元語法翻譯和課文
李晨,你假期里打來算自做什麼? 我將要去野營. 那聽起來不錯.你會和誰去? 我會和我的父母去 你假期里打算做什麼?我會去拜訪我的祖母 她假期里打算做什麼?她將會去野營 他們在假期里打算做什麼?他們將回在家休息 你將什麼時候去?我將在星期一去 他將什麼時候去?他將在12日去 他們將在什麼時候去?他們將在下周去
㈥ 八年級英語上UNIT3知識點及語法重點
短語
1. babysit one』s sister照顧妹妹 2. visit one』s grandmother看望奶奶
3. spend time with friends和朋友們一起度過時光 4. visit cousins看望表弟等
5. Go to sports camp去運動野營 6.go to the beach去海灘 7. go camping去野營
8. Go shopping去買東 9. go swimming去游泳 10. go boating去劃船 11. go skating去溜冰
12. go walking去散步 13. go climbing去登山 14. go dancing去跳舞 15. go hiking 去徒步遠足
16. go sightseeing去觀光 17. go house-hunting去找房子 18.go on a hike徒步旅行,
go bike riding騎自行車旅行,go fishing去釣魚 19. do some shopping買東西
20. do some washing洗衣服 21. do some cooking作飯 22. do some reading讀書
23. do some speaking訓練口語 24. do some sewing做縫紉活 25.that sounds nice那好極了
26. at home在家 27. how about=what about ……怎麼樣?28. how long多長時間
29. how far多遠 30. how often多長時間一次 31. how much, how many多少
32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高興,過得愉快
33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物給某人看 give me the book=give the book to me給我書,
pass me the cup=pass the cup to me把杯子遞給我,sell me the house=sell the house to me把房子賣給我
buy me a book =buy a book for me給我買書,make me a cake=make a cake for me給我做蛋糕
34. get back=come back回來 35. rent videos租借影碟 36. take walks=go for a walk散步
37. think about考慮 38. decide on= decide upon決定一個計劃 39. something different不同的事情
40.a great vacation一個愉快的假期 41. I can』t wait我等不及了42. the famous movie star著名的影星
43. an exciting vacation激動人心的假期44. Ask her about her plans向她詢問她的計劃
ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問某事 45. forget to do sth.忘記要做某事,forget doing sth.忘記做過某事
句型
1.What are you doing for vacation? I』m babysitting my sister.假期你要做什麼?我要照顧我的妹妹。
2.Who are you going with? I』m going with my parents.你要和誰一起去?我要和父母一起去。
3.When is he going camping? He is going on the 12th of February, 2005.
4.I』m going to Tibet for a week.我要去西藏一周。
5.What are you doing there? I』m going hiking in the mountains.你在那裡要做什麼?我要在山區里遠足。
6.Show me your photos when we get back to school.我們返回學校時,你把照片拿給我看。
7.Where are you going for vacation? I』m going to Hawaii for vacation.
8.I』m going to Hawaii for vacation in December, and I』m staying for three weeks.
9.What is it like there?那裡什麼樣子?
10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans?我可以問你一些有關你假期計劃的問題嗎?
11. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada.
他考慮去希臘或西班牙,但是最後他決定去加拿大。
12. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September.
他將在6月的第一個星期動身,一直呆到9月。
13. Please don』t forget to close the door when you leave.你離開時,請別忘記關門。
14.She couldn』t wait to get home to see he parents. 她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。
㈦ 人教版八年級英語上冊第三課單詞
babysit
camp
plan
Tibet
hike
HongKong
yeah
how long
away
get back
send
postcard
San Francisco
Hawaii
bike
ride
sightseeing
fishing
rent
Italy
famous
take a vacation
Greece
Spain
Europe
something
lake
the Great Lakes
leave
countryside
nature
forget
a lot
finish
Thailand
tourist
人名來我就不自打了。單詞沒少一個
㈧ 八年級上冊英語第三課教案
I. Warm-up
① Greetings. T: Class begins. Good morning, boys and girls. How are you? What day is it today? What』s the weather like today? Nice to meet you. Very good. Sit down, please. Ss answer.( 通過師生對話,進入英語學習的氛圍)
思路:歌謠調動學生的情緒,活躍課堂氣氛,朗誦歌謠的同時復習本課Part A 的 單詞,又為新課作鋪墊。
II. Revision.
① Review the words:
② Divide the whole class into 6 groups.
思路:單詞的復習,是學習本節課對話的前提,利用單詞,恰當分組,形成合作,向上的積極氛圍。
III. Presentation and Practice.
思路:本環節,通過3個重點句型的分散教學,層層突破,降低句型難度,使
學生輕松掌握words and sentences.
b). Play a game: warm or cold.
( 游戲規則:一名學生把單詞卡片藏起來,一名學生找單詞卡片。其他學生幫助——當找的學生離卡片近的時候,他們的喊聲(單詞發音)響亮;反之,離卡片遠,聲音就越來越輕。在我的教學實踐中,這個游戲學生很感興趣。)
思路:在活動中鞏固新學內容「玩具盒」,學生饒有興致地記住了toy box,避免機械地朗讀。
② Present 「in」.
T :I have a nice ball. Do you want to have a look? T tries to find the ball. Oh, where is my ball ? At last, Teacher found it in the toy box. Oh,
Practise 「in」/「on」 and 「under」.( 藉助實物鞏固操練)
4.Guessing game: Where is the robot?
(游戲規則:教師或學生用布擋住玩具盒,把robot藏起來,或在盒子上,盒子里,或在盒子底下。其他同學猜猜看on the toy box, in the toy box or under the toy box.變換toys 和places.)
思路:「猜猜看」的游戲避免了枯燥乏味地機械操練,學生興趣盎然。
IV. Work in groups.
Ss talk about their toys or school things. In/on/under the desk/bag/chair…(用自己的物品操練句型 My … is in/on/under…或編對話Where is your … ? It』s in/on/under …)
思路:尊重學生個性發展,根據學生學習情況,學生有能力就可以放手讓學生學以致用。
Relaxing: (CD-Room) Now, let』s have a rest. Stand up, please. Listen and sing a song. Do some actions.
TPR(全身反應活動)的聽聽做做活動,培養動作的協調性、語言的節奏性和和表演的技巧性;課件配合教學,在動畫色彩的CAI,能吸引學生注意力,激發學生學習熱情,並面向全體學生。
Setting three scenes. (CAI)
思路:CAI出示對話後,注意分層教學,照顧全體學生。教師提供3個情景可供
選擇,符合學生的特點,詞彙量較少,缺乏英語學習的語言環境,並面向全體學
生,給學生充分自由選擇的空間,提供給學生一個完全開放的空間和展示自我才
華的舞台。
㈨ 八年級上冊英語課文翻譯第三單元 的語法焦點
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