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初中英語語法名詞性從句

發布時間:2021-01-16 15:02:16

A. 初中英語語法得注重些什麼重點是……

英語中的復合句往往是學生學習的難點,因為句式復雜多變,而且主謂賓、定狀補等句子成分運用到具體的句子中需要一定的語法知識作為基礎,所以,一些學生以看到這些復雜的句式就會一個頭變兩個大。復合句(Complex Sentence)由一個主句(Principal Clause)和一個或一個以上的從句(Subordinate Clause)構成。下面我們就一起來看看復合句的有關語法知識。
主句是全句的主體,通常可以獨立存在;從句則是一個句子成分,不能獨立存在。
從句不能單獨成句,但它也有主語部分和謂語部分,就像一個句子一樣。所不同在於,從句須由一個關聯詞(connective)引導。
1、名詞性從句
在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞性從句的功能相當於名詞片語, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等,因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
1)主語從句
作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that,whether,if和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等詞引導。that在句中無詞義,只起連接作用;連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用,在從句中充當從句的成分。例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我們說什麼,還不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown. 誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語晚會將在哪裡舉行,還沒有宣布。
有時為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放於句首,而把主語從句置於句末。主語從句後的謂語動詞一般用單數形式。常用句型如下:
(1) It + be + 名詞 + that從句
(2)It + be + 形容詞 + that從句
(3)It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句
(4)It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句
另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣「(should) +do」,常用的句型有:
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2)賓語從句
名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯詞大致一樣,在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。
1. 由連接詞that引導的賓語從句
由連接詞that引導賓語從句時,that在句中不擔任任何成分,在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去,但如從句是並列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。例如:
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已經告訴我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我們決不能認為自己什麼都好,別人什麼都不好。
注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞後,賓語從句常用「(should)+ 動詞原形」。例如:
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊馬上出發。
2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關聯詞引導的賓語從句相當於特殊疑問句,應注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如:
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什麼。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要幫助的人,她都會給予熱情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引導的賓語從句,其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒,仍保持陳述句語序。此外,whether與if 在作「是否」的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether,不用if:
a. 引導主語從句並在句首時;b. 引導表語從句時;c . 引導從句作介詞賓語時;d. 從句後有「or not」時;e. 後接動詞不定式時。例如:
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?現在的問題是她是否應該有一個低意見的測試?
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。
I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他來還是不來。
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告訴我是去還是留?
4. 注意賓語從句中的時態呼應,當主句動詞是現在時,從句根據自身的句子情況,而使用
不同時態。例如:
he studies English every day. (從句用一般現在時)
he studied English last term. (從句用一般過去時)
I know (that) he will study English next year. (從句用一般將來時)
he has studied English since 1998. (從句用現在完成時)
當主句動詞是過去時態(could, would除外),從句則要用相應的過去時態,如一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時等;當從句表示的是客觀真理,科學原理,自然現象,則從句仍用現在時態。例如:
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中,要把上述主句中的動詞變為否定式。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:
We don』t think you are here. 我們認為你不在這。
I don』t believe he will do so. 我相信他不會這樣做。
3)表語從句
在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導表語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句的關聯詞大致一樣,表語從句位於連系動詞後,有時用as if引導。其基本結構為:主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。例如:
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事實是我們已經輸了這場比賽。
That』s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。
This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問題所在。
That is why he didn』t come to the meeting. 那就是他為什麼不到會的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的,當主語是reason時,表語從句要用that引導而不是because。例如:
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .
【注意】whether 可引導表語從句,但與之同義的if卻通常不用於引導表語從句。
4)同位語從句
同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由that引導,可用於同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:
The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什麼時候回來。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能瑪麗生病了。
同位語從句和定語從句的區別:
that作為關系代詞,可以引導定語從句,充當句子成分,在從句中作賓語時可以省略; that引導同位語從句時,起連詞的作用,沒有實際意義,不充當句子成分,一般不能省略。
試比較下面兩個例句:
I had no idea that you were here.(that引導同位語從句,不能省略)
Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that引導定語從句,作賓語,可以省略)
5)名詞性that-從句
1)由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語,例如:
主語:That she is still alive is her luck.他還活著全靠運氣。
賓語:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。
表語:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。
同位語:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近來誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。
形容詞賓語:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你對工作滿意我感到很高興。
2)That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that-從句置於句末,例如:
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚,整個計劃註定要失敗。
It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系:
a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句
It is necessary that…有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明顯……
b. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句
It is believed that…人們相信……
It is known to all that…眾所周知……
It has been decided that…已決定……
c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句
It is common knowledge that………是常識
It is a surprise that…令人驚奇的是……
It is a fact that…事實是……
d. It +不及物動詞+ that-從句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
6)名詞性wh-從句
1)由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等,例如:
主語: How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決於作者本人。
直接賓語:In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家裡可以隨心所欲。
間接賓語:The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什麼名字就取什麼名字。
同位語:I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什麼時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什麼拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語:That depends on where we shall go.
那取決於我們去哪兒。
2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置於句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結婚依然不明。
7)if, whether引導的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在於我們是否應該借錢給他。
同位語:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調查他是否值得信賴。
形容詞賓語: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
if和whether的區別:
1、 在動詞不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 I can』t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。
2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 I want to know whether it』s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 、在介詞後,只能用whether。如:
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔心是否會失去工作。
4、賓語從句放在句首表示強調時,只能用whether 。如:
Whether this is true or not, I really don』t know. 這是否真的,我真的不知道。
(例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能准時完成這項工作還是個問題。--此例為主語從句,有誤,感謝指出)
5、用if會引起歧義時,只用whether。如:
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
這句話有兩種意思:「你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎?」或「如果你知道答案,請告訴我,好嗎?」。如用whether可避免歧義。
2、定語從句
定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。
3.、狀語從句
狀語從句 (Adverbial Clause) 狀語從句指句子用作狀語時,起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子。根據其作用可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導,也可以由片語引起。從句位於句首或句中時通常用逗號與主句隔開,位於句尾時可以不用逗號隔開。

B. 誰能告訴我初中英語語法中,各種(賓語,主語,定語)從句的用法

第一,有心情的話啃啃語法書.
第二,沒心情的話可以考慮聽我貧下.
聽著從句感覺好高深的樣子,其實也就那麼回事,他們的用法沒什麼特別要記得,一個是要用陳述語序(就是主謂賓不許倒置),另一個就是要選准引導詞.
一般我認為,賓語從句和主語從句是一類,統稱為名詞性從句,其用法除了以上所說兩點以外,用法和地位基本就和名詞沒什麼區別了,名詞該怎麼用,他就怎麼用.
而賓語從句我一般認為是形容詞性從句,同上所述,其除了遵守以上兩條以外,用法和地位基本與形容詞一樣,不過我這個特殊的形容詞一般是要放在被修飾詞的後面,就是這樣了.
還有一點,從句的時態要和主句一致.
示例:
主語從句:
what he needs is more time.
(引導詞) (從句內容)
\ /
(主語從句) (主句的謂語和賓語)
他所需要的是更多的時間.
賓語從句(最簡單的):
everyone hoped that he would get well soon.
(引導詞) (賓語從句內容)
\ /
(主語) (謂語) (賓語從句)
大家都希望他早日康復.
定語從句(不用懷疑,這是最難的):
i won't take anything that does not biling to me
(主語) (謂語) (賓語) (賓語從句)
我不會拿走不屬於我的東西.
要說基本的就這些了,如果還想再學的詳細一點,最好找本權威的語法書看一看,那上面的更詳細.

C. 初中英語語法問題

不需要的。
主句是你想描述的事物,定語是描述名詞或代詞的從句,與你想描述的名詞或代詞有關。
比如說你想說這樣一個句子:
這是個即將獲獎的演員。
This is an actor who will be awarded.
這里描述的演員即將獲獎。主句是你正在敘述的時態,為一般現在,而這個演員本身是將來時。
如果你想說這樣一個句子:
這是個曾經獲獎的演員。
This is an actor who was awarded.
理由相似。
主句是跟你敘述的主語時態有關的。比如說你想描述個過去發生的事情。
The police,who was very helpful,had a TV show yesterday.
不過這個時候就要注意到所描述的對象也是過去的。
如果是描述真理,當然只能用一般現在,無論主句的事態如何。
比如:
The teacher told me that the moon,which does a circle around the earth,reflacts the light of the sun.

總之,從句只跟描述對象有關,主句只跟你說話的時態有關。
唉,我也不知道有沒有把你講懂,如果還是不會就直接來問我吧= =

D. 分享一下初中英語語法知識。語法全一點,有例子。章節清晰。

一 名詞性從句:1.主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句.一般由that 引起,也可由who,what,when,why,which,whom,whether,how 引起.
2.主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語.:
3.形式賓語
4.由名詞性關系代詞whatever,whoever,whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5.whether and if 都能引導從句,但用法有所不同.當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if.Whether 後能直接or not,但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6.在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導,不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二:定語從句
1.引導定語從句的關系詞有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,why and which.在非限制定語從句中,只可用which,who,whose,where ,when.,如果指代前面整個句子,多用which.
2.當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all,any,no,little,much,very first 等詞,或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all,anything,nothing,something,everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3.as 可做引導詞引導定語從句,多和such,the same 連用.As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子,既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4.介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5.代/名+介詞+which 從句
6.同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:修飾主句中的動詞,形容詞和副詞,通常有從屬連詞引導,按其意義和作用可分為時間,地點,條件,原因,讓步,目的,結果,方式,比較.等
1.時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after,as,before,once,since,till,(not)until,when,whenever(no matter when),while,as long as,as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when:剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,the second,every time etc
2.地點狀語從句:一般用where or wherever 引導
3.條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if,unless,so long as,provided that,supposing that,on condition that,in the event that,in case that etc
4.原因狀語從句:從屬連詞有because,as ,since,for,now,that,in that,seeing that,considering that(鑒於,由於) 5.讓步狀語從句:
1):even if,though,even though,while(盡管) no matter what/how/which,however,whatever,whichever,however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句,語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6.結果狀語從句:so that,so…that,such…that
7.目的狀語從句:so that,in order that,for fear that,lest,in case
8.方式狀語從句:as,just as,as if:如同…一樣

(記得採納哦)

E. 請問英語語法中的關聯詞的具體用法有誰知道謝謝

關聯詞是歷年高考所關注的熱點,尤其那些既有區別又有聯系的連詞更是倍受命題者所青睞一、that,what 1.兩者都可引導名詞性從句。1)that本身無詞義,常引導名詞性從句,此時的從句意義已完整,常不省略(賓語從句除外)。It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.(it為形式主語) 2)what引導名詞性從句時,在從句中常作主語或賓語。如:2.what一般不可引導定語從句,不能用作強調詞;而that既可引導定語從句(由其前的先行詞確定),又可作強調詞。如:All that is needed is a supply of rice. It was only when I reread the article lastnight that I realized the extended meaning. 3.what可作為感嘆詞引導感嘆句,而that不可。如:What a long way it is from Beijing to Lon-don! 二、whether ,if 1.兩者都能引導名詞性從句之異同:1)當引導一個沒有疑問詞的問句時,兩者均可。如:I'm not sure whether(if)I'll have time. 2)當提出兩種選擇時要用whether。如:Let me know whether you can come or not. 3)whether可用在介詞後,if則不可。如:I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home. 4)whether可與不定式連用,if則不行。如:She doesn't know whether to get married now or wait. 5)引導主語從句時,if不能放句首,whether在句首、句中均可。如:It is doubtful if(whether)he is coming. 2.if還可以引起條件狀語從句,whether不可以。如:If we try hard,we'll be able to complete the task in time. 3.whether...or(無論),引起讓步狀語從句,if不可。如:Whether you come or not,I'll set off on time. 三、in case,if 兩者都引導條件狀語從句。1)in case作"如果"意義時,常放在句前,可與if替換。如:In case(If)he comes,let me know. 2)in case作"免得,以防"意義時常放在主句後,不能用if替換。試比較:You should insure your house in case there's a fire. John may call tonight.I don't want to go out in case he phones. I don't think I'll need any small change but I'll bring some in case. You should call 999if there's a fire. 四、though,although,as 這三個詞都有轉折之意,表示"雖然"、"盡管"。1.though和although引導讓步狀語從句時,常可互換,只是although的語氣較強些,其主句前可用副詞yet,still,nevertheless修飾,也可不用。如:Though/Although it was late,the farmer kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors. Though he was old,(yet)he worked hard. 2.though作連詞時,可以用於省略句,引起讓步狀語從句可以用部分倒裝語序;作副詞時表"可是"、"然而",常放於句末,但上述用法不適用於although。如:I've a bit of cold.It's nothing serious,though. 3.as引導讓步狀語從句時,從句用倒裝語序,將表語、狀語等置於句首,可與though互換。Poor though /as I am,I can afford it. 五、however /whatever...,no matter how/what... 1.no matter what /how等只能引導以形容詞或副詞為中心的讓步狀語從句,且用部分倒裝形式。如:However /No matter how hard it may be,I must try. 2.however無論怎樣,whatever無論什麼,既可引導讓步狀語從句也可引導名詞性從句,要視具體情況而定。如:These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them. However late he is,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. We will have to finish the job,however long it takes. 六、even if,even though "即使"、"縱使"都可引導讓步狀語從句,但even if更強調假定性。如:Even if he is poor,she loves him.=He may be poor,yet she loves him. Even though he is poor,she loves him.=He is poor,yet she loves him. Even though /if I didn't know anybody,Ihad a good time. 七、when,while 二者都可以引導時間狀語從句,當從句的動詞是延續性動詞時,兩者可互換。如:He entered the room while(when)his mother was talking with his headteacher. 1.若要表示轉折的對比,用while,意為"而,然而"。如:She thought I was talking about her uncle,while in fact,I was talking about my uncle. 2.when相當於"and then"或"at the time that"也是常見考點,主句為特定時間,常用過去進行時或be about to do(即將發生)表達,從句表達的多是偶然性的動作。八、unless(除非,如果不),if...not 兩者都引導條件狀語從句。如:He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. =He is sure to come if he hasn't any urgent business. The men will have to wait all day unless the doctor works faster. 1.當從句是虛擬形式時,只用if...not,不用unless引導。如:The flowers would have died,if you had not watered diligently. 2.當主句為疑問句時,不用unless,而用if...not。如:What shall we do if he doesn't reply to our letter? 3.當unless引導的從句帶有否定詞時,不能用if...not代替。如:I'll go unless no one else goes. 九、till,until(直到……,直到……才) 1.都可引導時間狀語從句,當從句在主句後面時,二者均可用;主句謂語動詞為延續性動詞,用肯定式;若是短暫性動詞,用否定式。如:Sandy had left his keys in the office so he had to wait until /till his wife came back. They watched the train until /till it disappeared in the distance. I didn't leave until /till he came back. 2.但是在句首或強調句中時,一般用until而不用till;在句首時,主句謂語要部分倒裝而從句不倒裝。如:Not until all the fish died in the river did the farmers realize how serious the pollution was! 十、in order that,so that,so...that 1.前兩者都可以引導目的狀語從句,從句中通常要有can /could,m ay /might,will /would等情態動詞,而且,當從句的主語與主句的主語一致時從句可轉化為in order to do sth./so as to do sth./to do sth.。如:John shut everybody out of the kitchen so that he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. They set off for the station very early in order that /so that they might not miss the first bus.

F. 初中英語語法知識總結:從句

一 名詞性從句:
1. 主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.
2. 主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語. :
3. 形式賓語
4. 由名詞性關系代詞whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5. whether and if 都能引導從句, 但用法有所不同. 當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if. Whether 後能直接or not, 但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6. 在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導, 不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.

二: 定語從句
1. 引導定語從句的關系詞有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定語從句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整個句子, 多用which.
2. 當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等詞, 或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all, anything, nothing, something, everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3. as 可做引導詞引導定語從句, 多和such, the same 連用. As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子, 既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4. 介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5. 代/名+介詞+which 從句
6. 同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:

修飾主句中的動詞, 形容詞和副詞, 通常有從屬連詞引導, 按其意義和作用可分為時間, 地點, 條件, 原因, 讓步, 目的, 結果, 方式, 比較.等
1. 時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc
2. 地點狀語從句: 一般用where or wherever 引導
3. 條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc
4. 原因狀語從句: 從屬連詞有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鑒於,由於)
5. 讓步狀語從句:
1): even if, though, even though, while(盡管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句, 語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6. 結果狀語從句: so that, so…that, such…that
7. 目的狀語從句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case
8. 方式狀語從句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一樣
9. 比較狀語從句:
1) as…as, not so/as…as
2) 比較級+than, so much/a lot more than
3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than
4) the more…the more

G. 初中英語語法從句有哪些

主要是賓語從句和狀語從句,如果說考的稍微難一些的話就是定語從句以及名詞性從句,一般考的話後兩者的難度不會很大。
賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語,從句放在主句之後,前後不用逗號分開。

賓語從句:
引導賓語從句的詞有:

連詞that(在口語中that常可省略),if, whether,如:

He knows that Jim will work hard.

連接代詞who, whom, which等,如:

Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?

連接副詞when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?

3.whether和if都有「是否」的意思,一般情況下兩者可以換用,但在介詞之後,

不定式之前,與or not連用,在句首或在引導表語從句,同位語從句時,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?

4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序。

5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應,即:當主句謂語動詞是過去式時,從句中謂語動

詞也要用過去范疇的時態,但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律,其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時,如:

He asked who could answer the question.

My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.

6.一個賓語從句只能用一個連詞。

7.當主句謂語動詞是think, believe等動詞時,賓語從句的否定意義要放到主句中。另外,當主句主語為第一人稱時,後面若接附加疑問句,那麼附加疑問句的主語、謂語應與從句中的主謂語保持一致。如:

I don't think he looks like his father, does he?

8.直接引語和間接引語也是賓語從句,直接引語是引述別人的原話,放在引號內,

不用連詞聯接;間接引語是用自己的話轉述別人的話,通常用連接詞與主句聯接。

(1)陳述句變為以that引導的賓語從句,如:

He said,「I'm happy.」[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.

(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句,如:

He asked me,「Does his father know Mr Green?」

---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.

(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, where, how等疑問詞(連接代詞或連接副詞)引導的賓語從句,如:

He asked me,「Where is Mr Wang?」

---He asked me where Mr Wang was.

注意上述例句中連詞、時態、語序等變化。

狀語從句:http://ke..com/view/84572.htm

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