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人教英語下冊語法要點百度

發布時間:2021-01-16 09:12:29

① 人教版七年級英語下冊重點短語總匯,語法總結。

人教版新目標英語七年級(下)各單元知識概要
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一、片語
be from= come form 來自...
pen pal=pen friend 筆友
like and dislike 好惡;愛憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 講英語
play sports 做體育運動
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
an action movie 一部動作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 對不起,打擾
get to 到達、抵達
beginning of 在...開始的時候
at the end of 在...結束的時候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主語+from?
主語+be+from+地點.
(2)、Where do/does+主語+live?
主語+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語+speak/speaks….
(4)、主語+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交際用語
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He』s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen』t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn』t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where』s the post office
一、片語
post office 郵局
pay phone 投幣式公用電話
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...對面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之間
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右邊/在左邊
on one』s right/left 在某人的右邊/左邊
turn right/left 向右/左轉
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得開心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的/乘計程車
go down(along)…沿著...走
go through...穿過...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It』s on Centre Street.
No,there isn』t.
(2)、Where』s the sumpermarket?
It』s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy後接名詞或動詞-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交際用語
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn』t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It』s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I』m sorry I don』t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地點? 句型.例如:
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地點?句型.例如:
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地點?句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.

Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、片語
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
kind of 有幾分\種類
a kind of 一種…
…years old …年齡 如:ten years old 十歲
like to do sth 喜歡做某事
like doing sth
play with … 與...一起玩
be quiet 安靜
ring the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一個...另一個...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they』re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交際用語
(1)、-Let』s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don』t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名詞的復數.表示沒有特定的數量范圍
the other+名詞的復數表示有特定的數量范圍.

(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、片語
want to be+職業 想要成為。。。
shop assistant 店員
bank clerk 銀行職員
work with 與。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 為。。。而工作
work as 作為。。而工作
get.. from…從。。。獲得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物給某人
正確的表示:give it/them to sb.
錯誤的表示:give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
talk to /with 與…講話
go out to dinners 外出吃飯
in a hospital 在醫院
newspaper reporter 報社記者
movie actor 電影演員
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例:-What do you do?-I』m a student.
-What dose he do? He』s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn』t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn』t
(6)-英語中詢問職業的幾種表達方式:
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What』s one』s job?例:What』s your father』s job?

Unit 5 I』m watching TV.
一、片語
do homework 做家庭作業
watch TV 看電視
eat dinner 吃飯;就餐
clean the room 打掃房間
read newspaper/a book 看報紙/看書
go to the movies 看電影
write a letter 寫信
wait for 等待;等候
talk about 談論。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打籃球/踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 電視節目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在學校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在樹上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主語+doing? ….正在做什麼?
-主語+be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例: -what are you doing?
-I』m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 為。。。而感謝
例:Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例:Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交際用語
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let』s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What』s he waiting for?-He』s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What』s he reading? He』s reading a newspaper.
1)現在在進行時的形式是:
助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式(也叫現在分詞),表示現在(說話的瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作。
2)現在進行時的肯定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現在分詞+其他
I』m watching TV.
3)現在進行時的否定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現在分詞+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)現在進行時的一般疑問句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現在分詞+其他?
Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn』t/aren』t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 現在進行時的特殊疑問句形式:
特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現在分詞+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 動詞+ing形式(現在分詞)的構成.
1一般情況下在動詞詞結尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不發音的母音字母e結尾的動詞,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3詞尾如果是以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞.應該先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It』s raning!
一、片語
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海邊
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球
be surprised 驚訝的
be surprised at sth./sb.對某人或某人感到驚訝
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放鬆
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由於(做)某事而感謝某人
How』s it going? 近況如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起來像。。。
二、句型/日常交際用語
(1)-How』s the weather(+地點)? –It』s raining?
(2)-What』s the weather like?—It』s sunny./It』s cold and snowing.
(3)-How』s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV』s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn』t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、片語
look like 看起來像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直發
medium height/build 中等高度/身體
a little bit 一點兒…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼鏡
have a new look 呈現新面貌
go shopping 去購物
the captain of the basketball team 籃球隊隊長
Nobody knows me 沒有人認識我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He』s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don』t think he』s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I』m tall.I』m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在乾的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I』d like some noodles.
1.片語
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什麼尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 綠茶
phone number 電話號碼
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的種類
a kind of 一種…
some kind of 許多種…
a bowl of rice 一碗米飯
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三個桔子(可數)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可數)
some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數)
three chickens 三隻小雞(可數)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don』t lkee noodles.
三\日常交際用語
(1)—Can I help you?
--I』d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I』d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like後面還可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.

Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、片語
do one』s homework 做某人的家庭作業
如:do my homework 做我的家庭作業
play +運動或棋類
如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +樂器 如:play the guitar 彈吉他
go to the movies 去看電影
do some reading 閱讀
study for the (math) test 准備(數學)考試
stay at home 呆家裡
go to summer camp 去夏令營
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜訪某人
go shopping 去購物
last month 上個月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 尋找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
It was time to do sth 該。。。的時候了
二、句型
(1)I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般過去時態
一般過去時態表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,動詞通常用一般過去式來表示,除動詞be的過去式was/were有人稱變化,其他都沒人稱的變化.
過去式的構成
(1) 一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 詞尾是e的動詞加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一個母音字母加一個輔音結尾的重讀閉章節應雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞,要將y改為i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不規則動詞的過去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、片語
ptetty good 相當好;不錯
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有點無聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高興
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公園
the Great Wall 長城
the Palace Museum 故宮
Tian』an Men Square 天安門廣場
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示「愉快地做某事」,「做某事很有趣」
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.幫助某人做某事(to可省)
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬動) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.發現某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.發現某人做某事(整個過程)
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、片語
talk show 談話節目
soap opera 肥皂劇
sports show 體育節目
game show 比賽節目
think of 認為
how about… …怎麼樣?=what about…
in fact 事實上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一個十三歲的男孩= The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …談話
thanks for… 為…感謝
each student 每個學生
key ring 鑰匙鏈
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can』t stand 不能忍受
don』t mind 不介意/無所謂/不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don』t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month』s magazine?
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don』t mind them/I can』t stand them/I don』t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如:What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don』t eat in class.
一、片語
school rules 學校規章制度
break the rules 違反規章制度
in the hallways 在過道
listen to music 聽音樂
in the music room 在音樂教室里
in the dining hall 在餐廳
sports shoes 運動鞋
gym class 體育課
after school 放學後
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o』clock 十點之前
make dinner 做飯
the children』s palace 少年宮
二、句型
(1)—Don』t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can』t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can』t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don』t.
重難點精析
祈使句
通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構成通常有以下幾種形式。
1)Be型(即系動詞原型be+表語+其他)。
如:Be quiet,please.
否定句Don』t + be+表語+其他。
如:Don』t be angry.
2)Do型(即系動詞原形+賓語+其他)。如:
Open you books,please.
否定句Don』t +實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。
如:Don』t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型(即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他)如:
Let me help you.
Let』s go at six o』clock.
否定句一般在賓語後加not。如:
Let』 not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型(此種形式通常用於公共場合的提示語中,意為「禁止做某事「)如:
No smoking! 嚴禁吸煙!
No talking! 不許交談!
No passing! 禁止通行!
No parking! 不許停車

② 初一下冊英語語法復習資料(人教版)

七年級下冊英語語法要點:
下冊知識點總結
重點短語 1.live in
;2.pay phone
;3.take a walk
;4.across from
;5.next to
;6.the beginning of
;7.play the guitar
;8.have fun
;9.take a taxi;
10.go down;
11.kinds of
;12.thanks for;
13.do some homework;
14.take photos;
15.talk on the phone
16.want to ;
17.at night;
18.get out
;19.work for
;20.good-looking;
21.go shopping;
22.a bowl of ;
23.study for;
24.stay at ;
25.summer camp;
26.soap opera
;27.ask about
重要句型 1. Where』s … from? / It is from…;
2. like doing sth;
3. Where is …? / It』s on….;
4. Is there ……? / Yes, there is …../ No, there is not….;5. Why do you like…..? / Because ….; 6. Do you like …..? / Yes, I like it; no, I don』t like it.; 7. …. Want to be a/an …; 8. What dose he do? /he is a/an…; 9. What does he look like? / He has …; 10. What kind of …do you like? / I』d like some …; 11. What did you do on weekend? /I played sports; 12. It』s tome to do sth; 13. Where did you go on …..? / I went to …; 14. Did you go to …? /yes, I went to ..; no, I didn』t go to …; 15. enjoy doing sth ;16. find sb doing sth;17. help sb do sth;18. What do you think of …
交際用語 1. Excuse me; 2. You』re welcome; 3. I hope you have a great trip; 4. Can I help you?; 5. What can I do for you?; 6. 簡單的自我介紹
重要語法 1. 地點介詞的用法;2. 書信格式;3. 現在進行時;4. 一般過去時;5. 賓語從句;6. 省略句;7. 情態動詞Can的用法

七年級英語(下)Unit1-Unit6知識點

1. be from 2. pen pal
3. live in 4. a very interesting country
5. years old 6. the United Kingdom
7. speak English 8. go to the movies
9. write to sb. 10. tell sb. about sth.
11. post office 12. pay phone
13. across from 14. excuse me
15. take/have a walk 16. have fun
17. take a taxi 18. near here = in the neighborhood
19. on Center Street 20. next to…
21. between…and… 22. go straight
23. in front of 24. on the left/ right
25. turn left/right 26. a small house with an interesting garden
27. the beginning of… 28. play games
29. the way to… 30. go down…
31. have a good trip 32. be hungry
33. enjoy doing sth. 34. let sb. do sth.
35. go through 36. kind of
37. want to do sth. 38. South Africa
39. play with 40. be quiet
41. ring the day 42. what other animals
43. work with 44. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb
45. in the day / at night 46. get sth. from sb.
47. wear a white uniform 48. go out to dinners
49. like doing sth/ to do sth 50. talk to/with sb.
51. have a job for sb. 52. in a hospital
53. work hard 53. write stories
54.work for a magazine 55. an international school for children of 5-12
56. watch TV 57. TV show
58. read a book 59. wait for
60. at the pool 61. eat dinner
62. a photo of my family 63. take photos
64. play computer games 65. How's it going?
66. on vacation 67. have a good time
68. lie on the beach 69. this group of people
70. look cool 71. in this heat

1.-Where is your pen pal from?
-She's from Japan.
2.-Where does he live?
-He lives in Paris.
3.-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
4. Please write and tell me about yourself.
5.-Is there a bank near here?
-Yes, there is. It's on Center Street.
6. The pay phone is across from the library.
7. Just go straight and turn left.
8. Next to the hotel is a small house with an interesting garden.
9. This is the beginning of the garden tour.
10. Let me tell you the way to my house.
11.I hope you have a good trip.
12. -Why do you want to see the lions?
-Because they are cute.
13. Why does he like koalas?
14. Where are lions from?
15. Lions are from Africa.
16. What animals do you like?
17. What other animals do you like?
18. What do you do? I'm a reporter.
19. What does he/she do? He/She is a doctor.
20. What do you want to be? I want to be an actor.
21. Where do you work? I work in a restaurant
22. I work with people and money.
23. Thieves don't like me.
24.-What's he doing?
-He's reading.
25.-What are you doing?
-I'm watching TV.
26、-Do you want to go to the movies?
-That sounds good. This TV show is boring.
27.-Is Nancy doing homework?
-No, she isn't. She's writing a,letter.
28.-When do you want to go?
-Let's go at six o'clock.
29. What's he waiting for?
30. In the first photo, I'm playing basketball at school.
31. Here's a photo of my family.
32.-How's the weather?
-It's raining.
33.-What's she doing?
-She's cooking.
34. How's it going?
35. Thank you for joining CCTV』s Around The World show.
36. What do you do when it』s raining? I read a book.

1、一般現在時。主要是主系表結構和主謂、主謂賓結構的句子。包括它們的肯定句、否定句及一般疑問句、特殊疑問句。特別是要注意行為動詞的一般現在時,當主語是第三人稱單數時,動詞的變化。
2、情態動詞can的用法。
3、there be 句型及have/has got 的用法及二者的區別。
4、提建議的句型
5、可數與不可數名詞,及可數名詞復數的構成。
6、介詞的用法.主要是jn\on\at\in front of\next to\behind 等。
當然還有一些重點句型和短語,這一方面靠老師,一方面靠自己積累。

新標准七年級下英語知識體系

1、 一般將來時的謂語構成是什麼?
2、 不定代詞作主語,謂語動詞用什麼形式?
3、 By train= by bike= by car=
4、 By boat= by plane/ air=
5、 By bus=
6、 對方式狀語提問用什麼疑問詞?
7、 There be 句型的一般將來時的結構是什麼?
8.Think引導的賓語從句變否定句否定什麼?
9.指人的不定代詞下文中用什麼代詞與之對應?
10、I am not sure.
11.I don』t know=
12.use sth. to do sth.= =
13.little ,small 的區別是什麼?
14.Big .large .great的區別是什麼?
15.動詞原形能作主語嗎?
16.All year=
17.什麼是主系表結構? 聯系動詞有哪些?
18.對將來時的天氣提問用什麼?
19.Rain V. 其形容詞形式是?
20.Wind 『c』.其形容詞是?
21、job和work的區別是什麼?
22.Five times a year通常用什麼時態?
23.短語:
(1) 做某事怎樣?
(2) 有線電視
(3) 手機
(4) 衛星電視
(5) 在將來
(6) 一張紙
(7) 在電腦上
(8) 一支粉筆
(9) 全年
(10) 變暖和
(11) 變冷
(12) 變涼快
(13) 變長
(14) 大雨
(15) 強風
(16) 在網上
(17) 做枯燥的工作
(18) 乾重活
(19) 一周三天
(20) 我夢想中的學校
(21) 波濤洶涌的海

1. 單音節adj的比較級的變化口訣
2.比較級的不規則變化:
(1)good/well____ (2) bad/badly_____
(3)many /much_____ (4)little________
(5)far______ _________
3兩者中最……
4. 修飾比較級的程度副詞有哪些?
5.比較級中that 的用法
6.The +最高級+n.= =
7.哪些詞只能修飾原級?
8.Some的特殊用法?
9.對人口提問?
10.指人口的多少用____和______?
11.hundred, thousand, million的用法
12.Tall和high的區別是什麼?
13.Be busy with sth.=
14.地理位置中表示內部;相鄰;相隔用什麼介詞?
15.Or的用法?
16.Take /give /bring/send/show sb. Sth.=
17.buy/make/cook/mend sb.sth.=
18.短語:
(1) 華東
(2) 在中國東部
(3) 1.5公里長
(4) 在康河河畔
(5) 低山
(6) 在海附近
(7) 在海岸
(8) 你能回答我家作中的一些問題嗎?
(9) 中國的人口是多少?
(10) 在夏季不是非常熱,在冬季也不是非常冷
(11) 因為…….而著名
問題補充:20.短語:
(1) 擅長於
(2) 騎自行車比跑步更放鬆
(3) 離開去上學
(4) 每個星期六
(5) 很早到達那兒
(6) 在…… 內部前面
(7) 在…..外部前面
(8) 很遲到達
(9) 清楚地聽見
(10) 慢慢地和大聲對某人講話
(11) 200多個人
(12) 許多觀看奧林匹克運動會的遊客
(13) 需要做某事
(14) 把英語講的很好
(15) 講一口流利的英語
(16) 更好地學習英語
(17) 努力工作
(18) 帶領某人參觀某地
(19) 仔細地復習他的詞彙表
(20) 大聲地播放光碟
(21) 安靜地聽他的課
(22) adv修飾動詞的位置
(23) adj修飾名詞的位置

③ 八下英語語法重點請問人教版八下英語主要學習了哪些

Unit 1 What』s the matter?
一、重點短語
1. have a fever 發燒 2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 說得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足夠的水 6. have a cold 受涼;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉嚨痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下來休息
11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 12. see a dentist 看牙醫 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one』 s temperature 量體溫
15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷葯16. feel very hot 感到很熱
17. sound like 聽起來像 18. all weekend 整個周末
19. in the same way 以同樣的方式 20.go to a doctor 看醫生
21. go along 沿著……走 22. on the side of the road 在馬路邊
23. shout for help 大聲呼救 24. without thinkingtwice 沒有多想
25. get off 下車 26. have aheart problem 有心臟病
27. to one』 s surprise 使....... 驚訝的 28. thanks to 多虧了;由於
29. in time 及時 30. save alife 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻煩 32. right away 立刻;馬上
33. because of 由於 34. get out of 離開;從……出萍
35. hurt oneself 受傷 36. put abandage on sth. 用綳帶包紮
37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到惡心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割傷他的膝蓋
41. put her head back 把她的頭向後仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困難
43. mountain climbing 登山運動 44. be used to doing sth.習慣做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用盡 46. so that 以便
47. so . . . that 如此… …以至於… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在閑境屮 50.keep on doing sth. 繼續或堅持做某事
51. make a decision 做出決定 52. take risks 冒險
53. give up 放棄
二、重點句型
1. What』s the matter? 怎麼了?
What』s the matter with you? = What』s the trouble with you?= What』s wrong withyou?
你怎麼了?
2. What should she do? 她該怎麼辦呢?
Should I take my temperature? 我應該量一下體溫嗎?
主語+ should/shouldn』t + 動詞原形. ..
① You should lie down and rest. 你應該躺下休息一會兒。
② You shouldn』t go out at night. 你晚上不應該出去。
3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你認為它是來自報紙還是書呢?
4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐得太久了。
5. Shesaid that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital
她說這個男子有心臟病,應該去醫院。

Unit 2 I』ll help to clean up the city parks.
一、重點短語
1. Clean-Up Day 清潔日 2. an old people』s home養老院
3. help out with sth. 幫助解決困難 4. used to 曾經… …;過去
5. care for 關心;照顧 6. the look of joy 快樂的表情
7. at the age of 在......歲時 8. clean up 打掃(或清除)干凈
9. cheer up (使)變得更高興; 10. give out 分發;散發
11. come up with 想出;提出 12. make a plan 制訂計劃
13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 試用;試行
15. work for 為…工作;為…. 效力 16. put up 建造;舉起;張貼
17. hand out 分發;散發;發給 18. call up 打電話;召集
19. put off 推遲;延遲 20. for example 比如;例如
21. raise money 籌錢;募捐 22. take after 與......相像;像
23. give away 贈送;捐贈 24. fix up 修理;修補;解決
25. be similar to 與……相似 26. set up 建立;設立
27. disabled people 殘疾人 28. make a difference 影響;有作用
29. be able to 能夠 30. after-schoolreading program課外閱讀項目
二、重點句型
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 這個男孩可以在食品救濟站分發食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清潔日離現在僅僅兩周的時間。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午,他都在一家動物醫院當志願者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school readingprogram.
去年,她決定去參加一個課外閱讀項目的志願者的選拔。
5. . . . you can see in their eyes that they』re going on a differentjourney with each new book.……從他們的眼睛裡你可以看到他們正在進行每本不同的新書之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until nextsummer.
我想把我在動物醫院工作的計劃推遲到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lotsof money.
現在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
在你的幫助下,我才有可能擁有「幸運兒」。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
一、 重點短語
1. go out for dinner 出去吃飯 2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚
3. go to the movies 去看電影 4. get a ride 搭車
5. work on 從事 6. finish doing sth. 完成做某事
7. clean and tidy 干凈整潔 8. do the dishes 洗餐具
9. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 10. fold your/the clothes 疊衣服
11.sweep the floor 掃地 12. make your/thebed 整理床鋪
13.clean the living room 打掃客廳 14. no problem 沒問題
15. welcome sb. 歡迎某人 16. come home fromschool/ work放學/下班回家
17. throw down 扔下 18. sit down 坐下
19. come over 過來 20. take sb. fora walk 帶某人去散步
21. all the time 一直;總是 22. all day/evening 整日/夜
23. do housework 做家務 24. shout back 大聲回應
25. walk away 走開 26. share thehousework 分擔家務
27. a comfortable home 一個舒適的家 28. in surprise 驚訝地
29. get something to drink 拿點喝的東西 30. watch one show 觀看一個節目
31. hang out 閑逛 32. pass sb.sth. 把某物傳給某人
33. lend sb. sth. 把某物借給某人 34. get sth. wet 使某物弄濕
35. hate to do sth. 討厭做某事 36. do chores 做雜務
37. help sb. (to ) d o /with sth 幫助某人干某事38. bring a tent 帶頂帳篷來
39. buy some snacks 買些小吃 40. go to the store 去商店
41. invite sb. to a party 邀請某人參加聚會 42. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
43. enough stress 足夠的壓力 44. a waste of time 浪費時間
45. in order to 為了 46. get good grades 取得好成績
47. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 48. depend on 依賴;依靠
49. develop children』s independence 發展孩子的獨立性
50. look after/take care of 照顧;照看 51. do one』s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分內的事
二、重點句型
1. Could you please do sth. ?
Could you please clean your room? 你能整理一下你的房間嗎?
2. I have to do some work. 我必須幹些活。
3. Could I+ do sth. ? Could I useyour computer? 我可以用一下你的電腦嗎?
4. She won』t be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話她會不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周,她什麼家務活都不幹了,我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.
我一在電視機前坐下,我媽媽就過來了。
7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth. Ihate to do chores.
討厭(憎恨)做某事

Unit 4 Why don』t you talk to your parents?
一、重點短語
1. have free time 有空閑時間 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
3. hang out with sb. 與某人閑逛 4. after-school classes 課外活動課
5. get into a fight with sb. 與某人吵架/打架 6. until midnight 直到半夜
7. talk to sb. 與某人交談 8. too many 太多
9. study too much 學得過多 10. get enough sleep 有足夠的睡眠
11. write sb. a letter給某人寫信 12. call sb. up 打電話給某人
13. surprise sb. 令某人驚訝 14. look through 翻看、瀏覽
15. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣 16. a big deal 重要的事
17. work out 成功地發展;解決 18. get on with 相處;
19. fight a lot 經常吵架/打架 20. hang over 籠罩
21. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事
23. so that 以便 24. mindsb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事
25. all the time 一直 26. in future今後
27. make sb. angry 使某人生氣 28. worry about sth. 擔心某事
29. one』 s homework 抄襲某人的作業 30. be oneself 做自己
31. family members 32. spend time alone 獨自消磨時光
33. give sb. pressure 給某人施壓 34. have a fight with sb. 與某人吵架
35. compete with sb. 與某人競爭 36. free time activities 業余活動
37. get better grades 取得更好的成績 38. give one』 s opinion 提出某人的觀點
39. learn exam skills 學習應試技巧 40. practice sports 體育訓練
41. cause stress 造成壓力 42. cut out 刪除
二、重點句型
1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn』t get enough sleep.
我昨晚學習到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don』t you forget about it? 你為什麼不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she』s wrong, it』s not a big deal. 雖然她錯了,但這並不是什麼大事兒。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he』s sorry.
他應該跟朋友談談以便他能說聲對不起。
5. Maybe you could go to his house. 也許你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don』t want to surprise him.
我想我可以,但我不想讓他感到驚訝。

④ 人教版小學英語知識要點與語法知識

英語語法
第一單元 名詞
名詞可分為專有名詞與普通名詞,可數名詞與不可數名詞,簡單名詞與復合名詞。學習本章後要求學員掌握可數名詞復數的變化形式,特別是名詞的不規則復數形式的變化;掌握復合名詞的復數形式;掌握名詞所有格的構成及用法;注意區分可數名詞與不可數名詞。

第二單元 冠詞

冠詞置於名詞之前,用來說明名詞所指的人或事物,它不能離開名詞而單獨存在。英語冠詞有:
1. 定冠詞:主要功用為特指,表示同類中的某一人或某一類人和物。
2. 不定冠詞:主要功用為泛指,指某類人或物中的任何一個或某一個。
3. 零冠詞:它是名詞中的一種無形冠詞,用在一般所謂的不定冠詞的場合。有三類名詞使用零冠詞:復數可數名詞,不可數名詞(用單數形式)及專有名詞。本章要求熟記與冠詞有搭配關系的常用習語以及一些不用冠詞的固定片語。重點學習定冠詞+單數形式的名詞;不定冠詞用於物質名詞、抽象名詞、形容詞最高級及序數詞;不定冠詞的位置;零冠詞用於名詞;零冠詞用於 零冠詞+帶定語的名詞結構。

第三單元 代詞

代詞是代替名詞或起名詞作用的短語、分句和句子的詞。代詞分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等。本章要求學員掌握多種代詞的形式和用法,特別是人稱代詞、物主代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞和不定代詞。注意all ,every,each 的區別;any,some的區別;every-body,evreone,one的區別;no one,none的區別;both,two第比較;other,another的比較。

第四單元 數詞

數詞是表示數量的詞,數詞的兩個類型是基數詞和序數詞,前者表示多少;後者表示第幾。本單元要求學員掌握基數詞和序數詞的用法;分數與小數及年、月、日、時刻的表示用法。

⑤ 初中人教版英語有那些重點語法和重點句式

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⑥ 七八年級英語語法要點人教版

初中英語語法總結

( 動詞的時態)

11.1 一般現在時的用法

1) 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every…, sometimes, at…, on
Sunday。例如:

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。

2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。例如:

The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉動。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位於中國東部。

3) 表示格言或警句。例如:

Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。

注意:此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。

4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。例如:

I don't want so much. 我不要那麼多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
安英語寫得不錯,講的可不行。

比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。

第一句用一般現在時,用於操作演示或指導說明的示範性動作,表示言行的瞬間動作。第二句中的now是進行時

的標志,表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況,所以後句用一般現在時。

11.2 一般過去時的用法

1)在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。例如:時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour
ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:

Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?

2)表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。例如:

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
我是個孩子的時候,常在馬路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a
warm welcome.

那時,布朗一家無論什麼時候去,都受到熱烈歡迎。

3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。例如:It is
time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。

It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ,例如It is time you
went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧願某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you
came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。

4) wish, wonder, think, hope
等用過去時,作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等,而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去,現已不復存在

。例如:I thought
you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。

比較:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含義:她已不在人間。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含義:她現在還活著)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義:達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含義:現在還住在肯塔基州,有可能指剛離去)

注意: 用過去時表示現在,表示委婉語氣。

1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:

Did you want anything else? 您還要些什麼嗎?

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。

2)情態動詞 could, would。例如:

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車,能借用一些嗎?

11.3 used to / be used to

used to + do:"過去常常"表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態,但如今已不存在。例如:

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過去沒那麼健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過去常常散步。

be used to + doing: 對……已感到習慣,或"習慣於",to是介詞,後需加名詞或動名詞。例如:

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現在已習慣於散步了。

典型例題

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.

A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't

答案A. 本句雖沒有明確的時間狀語,但從語意上看出,在聽的時候沒有聽懂這個動作發生在過去,因此應用過

去時。

11.4 一般將來時

1) shall用於第一人稱,常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用於各人稱,在徵求意見時常用於第二人稱。例

如:

Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢?

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎?

2) be going to +不定式,表示將來。

a. 主語的意圖,即將做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什麼呢?

b. 計劃,安排要發生的事。例如:The play is going to be proced next
month。這出戲下月開播。

c. 有跡象要發生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a
storm. 看那烏雲,快要下雨了。

3) be +不定式表將來,按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。例如:

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。

4) be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。例如:

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。

注意:be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

11.5 be going to / will 用於條件句時,be going to表將來,will表意願。例如:

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for
it as soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new
clothes on you in front of the mirror.

11.6 be to和be going to

be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如:

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客觀安排)

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我想去踢球。(主觀安排)

11.7 一般現在時表將來

1)下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,
return的一般現在時可以表示將來,主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如:

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什麼時候開?十分鍾後。

2)以here, there等開始的倒裝句,表示動作正在進行。例如:

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。

3)在時間或條件句中。例如:

When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
比爾來後,讓他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那裡,就寫信給你。

4)在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如:

I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the
room. 離開房間前,務必把窗戶關了。

11.8 用現在進行時表示將來

下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,
return等現在進行時可以表示將來。例如:

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒呆到下周嗎?

11.9 現在完成時

現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態,其結果的影響現在還存在;也可表示持續到現在的動作

或狀態。其構成:have
(has) +過去分詞。

11.10 比較一般過去時與現在完成時

1)一般過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過

去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。

2)一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just
now等,皆為具體的時間狀語。

現在完成時的時間狀語:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,
till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的時間狀語。

共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already,
recently, lately 等。

3)現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work,
study, know.。

一般過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become,
get married等。例如:

I saw this film yesterday. (強調看的動作發生過了)

I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了)

Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發生過了)

Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子未交,疑為不公平競爭)

He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續)

He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續)

句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in
1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。

(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

(對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

11.11 用於現在完成時的句型

1)It is the first / second time.... that…結構中的從句部分,用現在完成時。例如:

It is the first time that I have visited the city.
這是我第一次訪問這城市。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。

注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is +形容詞最高級+that…結構,that 從句要用現在完成時。例如:

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。

典型例題

(1) ---Do you know our town at all?

---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 後面所加從句應為現在完成時,故選B。

(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?

---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have
come

答案D. ever意為曾經或無論何時,反意詞為never,此兩詞常用於完成時。

注意:非延續性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續時間的狀語連用。即動作不發生的狀態是可以持續的。

(錯)I have received his letter for a month.

(對)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

11.12 比較since和for

Since 用來說明動作起始時間,for用來說明動作延續時間長度。例如:
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在這兒二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意:並非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現在完成時。
I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現在已不在這里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.(現在我仍在這里工作。)
注意:用句型轉換的方法,很容易排除非延續動詞在有for/since結構的完成時中的誤用。
1)(對) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to
study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2)(錯) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to
get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
顯然,第二句不對,它應改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has
been married for six years.

11.13 since的四種用法

1) since +過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日期、鍾點、1980, last month, half past
six)。例如:

I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在這兒。

2) since +一段時間+ ago。例如:

I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒,已經有五個月了。

3) since +從句。例如:

Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走後,變化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走後,變化可大了。

4) It is +一段時間+ since從句。例如:

It is two years since I became a postgraate student.
我考上研究生有兩年了。

11.14 延續動詞與瞬間動詞

1) 用於完成時的區別

延續動詞表示經驗、經歷; 瞬間動詞表示行為的結果,不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。例如:

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結果)

I've known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經歷)

2) 用於till / until從句的差異

延續動詞用於肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬間動詞用於否定句,表示"到……,才……"。例如:

He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 點才回來。

He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10點。

典型例題

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案B. 首先本題後句強調對現在的影響,我知道她的模樣,你不用描述。再次,several
times告知為反復發生的動作,因此用現在完成時。

2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案A. 等待的動作由過去開始,持續到現在,應用現在完成時。

11.15 過去完成時

1) 概念:表示過去的過去

----|----------|--------|----> 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。

那時以前 那時 現在

2) 用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。例如:

She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。

b. 狀語從句

在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。例如:

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
警察到達時,小偷們早就跑了。

c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,
suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。

3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon
as。例如:

He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living
by himself. 到了十二歲那年,愛迪生開始自己謀生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he
arrived at the party.

湯姆失望了,因為他到達晚會時,大部分客人已經走了。

典型例題

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she
___ in the office.

A. had written, left B,were writing, has left C. had written,
had left D. were writing, had left

答案D.
"把書忘在辦公室"發生在"去取書"這一過去的動作之前,因此"忘了書"這一動作發生在過去的過去,用過去完

成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點,表示在"同學們正忙於……"這一背景下,when所引導的動作發生。因此

前一句應用過去進行時。

注意: had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如:

I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如:

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.
他剛買了這輛車,轉眼又賣了。

11.16 用一般過去時代替過去完成時

1) 兩個動作如按順序發生,又不強調先後,或用then,and,but 等連詞時,多用一般過去時。例如:

When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起來。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑媽給了我一頂帽子,我把它丟了。

2 ) 兩個動作相繼發生,可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成,用過去完成時。例如:

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3) 敘述歷史事實,可不用過去完成時,而只用一般過去時。例如:

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

11.17 將來完成時

1) 構成will have done

2) 概念

a. 狀態完成:表示某事繼續到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態。例如:

They will have been married for 20 years by then.
到那時他們結婚將有二十年了。

b. 動作完成:表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前,已經完成的動作或獲得的經驗。例如:

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.
明天此時,你已經到達上海了。

11.18 現在進行時

現在進行時的基本用法:

a. 表示現在(指說話人說話時)正在發生的事情。例如:

We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。

b. 習慣進行:表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行。例如:

Mr. Green is writing another novel.
他在寫另一部小說。(說話時並未在寫,只處於寫作的狀態。)

c. 表示漸變,這樣的動詞有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:

The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。

d. 與always, constantly, forever
等詞連用,表示反復發生的動作或持續存在的狀態,往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如:

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。

典型例題

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but
still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost,
haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.

答案D. 前句是一個仍在持續的狀態,應用進行時,由於沒有找到,其影響仍然存在,應用完成時,瞬間動詞用

於否定式時可用於完成時。

11.19 不用進行時的動詞

1)表示事實狀態的動詞,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include,
contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如:I have two
brothers. 我有兩兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 這房子是我姐的。

2)表示心理狀態的動詞,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose,
imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget,
prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如:I need your help.
我需要你的幫助。

He loves her very much. 他愛她很深。

3)瞬間動詞,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow,
decide, refuse等。例如:

I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。

4)系動詞,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get,
become, turn等。例如:

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有點累。

11.20 過去進行時

1)概念:表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。

2)過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景;一個長動作延續的時候,另一個短動作發生。

3) 常用的時間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday,
from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt
himself. 我兄弟騎車時摔了下來,受了傷。

It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站時,正下著雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
我到達山頂時,陽光燦爛

⑦ 初一下人教版英語第三單元語法重點

Unit 3 重點語法:
詞彙辨析.:1. take/spend/pay/cost
spend,cost,take和pay都可以表示「花費」,但用法卻不盡相同。
spend的主語必須是人,常用於以下結構:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花費時間(金錢)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數學題花了我兩個小時。
(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花費時間(金錢)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。
cost的主語是物或某種活動,還可以表示「值」,常見用法如下:
(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金錢, 某物花了(某人)多少錢。例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一台新電腦要花一大筆錢。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +時間,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時間。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞
注意:cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,並且不能用於被動句。
take後面常跟雙賓語,常見用法有以下幾種:(1) It takes sb. +時間+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時間。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. +時間,做某事花了某人多少時間。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修車。
pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢(給某人)買……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的錢。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款。
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付錢。例:Don't worry! I'll pay for you. 別擔心,我會給你付錢的。
(4)pay sb. 付錢給某人。例: They pay us every month.他們每月給我們報酬。
(5)pay money back 還錢。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借給我12塊錢嗎?下周還你。

2. get to/ arrive in/arrive at/reach
reach後不用加介詞如 I reach school.
get要加介詞,但接副詞時不用如THERE HOME HERE
get to直接加地方
arrive in/at也直接加地方,但IN 是大地方,AT是小地方
reach,get,get to,arrive in/at都是及物動詞,但arrive 不加介詞時是不及物動詞,可以不加賓語.如:I arrive 我到達了。
不能說I reach,/get/,get to,它們後面要加賓語。
3. other/others/the others/the other/another
1.other可作形容詞或代詞,做形容詞時,意思是「別的,其他」,泛指「其他的(人或物)」。如: Do you have any other question(s)? 你還有其他問題嗎? Ask some other people. 問問別人吧! Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一隻手裡。
2.the other指兩個人或物中的一個時,只能用the other,不能用another,此時的other作代詞。如: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有兩個女兒,一個是護士,另一個是工人。 the other後可加單數名詞,也可加復數名詞,此時的other作形容詞。如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一邊,有一棵大樹。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。
He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的對岸。
3.others是other的復數形式,泛指「另外幾個」,「其餘的」。在句中可作主語、賓語。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞,其餘的從事體育活動。 Give me some others, please. 請給我別的東西吧! There are no others. 沒有別的了。
4.the others意思是「其他東西,其餘的人」。特指某一范圍內的「其他的(人或物)」。是the other的復數形式。如: Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 兩個男孩將去動物園,其餘的留在家裡。.the others=.the other+可數名詞復數
5.another=an other,既可作形容詞,也可作代詞,只能用於三個或更多的人或物,泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的「另一個」,只能代替或修飾單數可數名詞。如: I don』t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個,請給我看看另一個。 I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個女兒。一個是護士,另一個是教師,還有一個是工人

1. take的用法.
㊀、拿,取 I want to take some books to the classroom. 我想拿些書到教室。
㊁、吃,喝,服用,放 ① Take this medicine three times a day. 每天吃三次葯。 ② Do you take sugar in your milk? 你喝的牛奶里放糖嗎?
㊂、乘車(船)等 ① Shall we go there by bike or take ataxi? 我們是騎自行車去那還是坐計程車去? ② They usually take a bus to work. 他們通常乘公交車上班。
㊃、常常和it連用,it在句子中作形式主語,真正的主語是後面的不定式。翻譯成「花費(時間、金錢)等」 ① How long will it take you to do yourhomework every day? 每天做作業要花費你多長時間?
② It usually takesher 20 yuan to buy books every week. 每周買書通常要花費她20元錢。
㊄、「做……事情」,常常和名詞連用,表示與該名詞意義相關的動作 例如:take a walk散步, take a rest休息一下, take a look看一看等等。 構成常用的重要片語:
1. take away 拿走 Tom takes the knife away from the little boy. 湯姆從小男孩手裡把刀拿走了。
2. take care (=be careful=look out) Take care! The caris coming! 小心!車來了!
3. take (good) care of (好好)照顧,照料 I can take care of the baby all bymyself. 我自己能照顧這個小孩。 4. take down 取下來 Take down the picture and put up the map of the world. 摘下這張圖畫,掛上一幅世界地圖。
5. takeout 拿出 Please take out apiece of paper and write down your names on it, OK? 拿出一張紙,在上面寫下你們的名字,好嗎?
6. takeoff脫下;飛機(等起飛) ① Sorry! You have to take off your shoesbefore getting into the computer room. 對不起,在進入微機室之前,先要把你的鞋子脫掉。 ② The plane is going to take off soon. 飛機馬上就要起飛了。
7. take one's temperature 量體溫 Ming Ming is ill. The doctor istaking his temperature now. 明明生病了,大夫正在給他量體溫。
-------------------------------------------------------
祝你學習進步、學習快樂。

⑧ 初二英語下冊重點語法、句型歸納總結

下冊主要就是被動語態啦被動語態的主要用法
一.定義
語態是動詞的一種形式,它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種:主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者,或者是說動作是由主語完成的,要用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的,則用被動語態。
■當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時,常用被動語態,這時往往不用by短語。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打破了。(不知誰打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)
■突出或強調動作的承受者,如果需要說出動作的執行者,用by短語。
The time-table has been changed. 時間表已變動了。(要突出的是「時間」)
These books are written especially for children. 這些書是專門為孩子們寫的。(強調的是「」這些書)
■為了使語言得體或圓滑等不願意說出動作的執行者。如:
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 請您在下次會議上作個發言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 據說她要嫁給一個外國人。
■出於修辭的原因,或是說為了更好地安排句子。如:
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 這個提議特別遭到了那些在本地區投資很大的人的反對。(因those的定語太長了,若用它作主語,主語與謂語就相距太遠而顯得句子鬆散。)

8種常用時態的被動語態

由「助動詞be + 動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be 有時態、人稱和數的變化。
(1) 一般現在時:am/is/are +過去分詞。如:
Rice is grown in south China. 華南種植水稻。
(2) 一般過去時:was/were+過去分詞。如:
The glass was broken yesterday. 這塊玻璃是昨天打爛的。
(3) 現在進行時:am/is/are being +過去分詞。如:
The project is being carried out. 這個計劃正在執行中。
(4) 過去進行時:was/were/being +過去分詞。如:
This road was being built this time last year. 這條路去年這個時候還在修建。
(5) 一般將來時:will be +過去分詞。如:
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 這些汽車將由水路運往國外。
(6) 過去將來時:would be +過去分詞。如:
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 經理說這個工程在年底前將會完成。
(7) 現在完成時:have/has been +過去分詞。如:
This novel has been translated into several languages. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。
(8) 過去完在時:had been +過去分詞。如:
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到達劇院時,發現票已賣完了。

使用被動語態「六注意」

一要注意被動語態的不同時態
被動語態由「be+過去分詞」,其中的助動詞 be 根據情況可使用各種不同時態。如:
She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般現在時)
The book will be reprinted soon. 這本書很快會重印。(一般將來時)
The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(現在進行時)
They have been given a warning. 他們受到警告。(現在完成時)
二要注意帶情態動詞的被動語態
該結構的基本形式為「情態動詞+be(或be的適當形式)+過去分詞」。這類結構非常有可能作為語境題出現在考卷中。如:
The rules must be obeyed. 這些規章制度必須遵守。
They shouldn』t have been told about it. 這事是不應當告訴他們的。
三要注意非謂語動詞的被動語態
1. 不定式一般式的被動語態。由「to be+過去分詞」構成。如:
She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求給她一些工作做。
2. 不定式完成式的被動語態。由「to have been+過去分詞」構成。如:
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想讓人把結果早點告訴我的。
3. 現在分詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如:
I saw him being taken away. 我看見有人把他帶走了。
4. 現在分詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如:
Having been invited to speak, I』ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因為邀請我去講話,我明天就得做准備。
5. 動名詞一般式的被動語態。由「being+過去分詞」構成。如:

He hates being made a fool of. 他討厭被別人愚弄。
6. 動名詞完成式的被動語態。由「having been+過去分詞」構成。如:
Jenny』s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 傑妮沒受過舞蹈的專業訓練是她感到遺憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把車開出城的指令後,我開始信心十足了。
註:過去分詞沒有被動式,因為它本身可以表示被動意義。如:
The door remained locked. 門仍然鎖著。
四要注意「get+過去分詞」構成的被動語態
英語被動語態通常由「助動詞be+過去分詞」構成,有時也可用「get+過去分詞」構成。如:
James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。
但總的說來,用get構成的被動語態不如用be構成的被動語態常見,尤其是在含有施動者的by短語時,用get構成被動語態更是少見。不過有時用be+過去分詞構成被動語態構成誤解時,人們可能會選get+過去分詞來避免這種誤解:
The window was broken. 窗戶破了(表狀態)。/ 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
The window got broken. 窗戶被打破了(表動作)
五要注意哪些動詞不用於被動語態
1. 不及物動詞沒有被動語態。因為不及物動詞沒有賓語,所以若將其用於被動語態則沒有主語,故不能用於被動語態。但是值得注意的是,有些英語中的不及物動詞,譯成漢語時卻可能是「及物」的,很容易出錯,這類動詞如:take place(發生),happen(發生),come about(發生),break out(爆發),appear(出現),disappear(消失),last(持續),arise(出現,發生)等:
Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通常發生在冬季。
2. 英語中的靜態動詞(如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble 等)通常不用於被動語態:
The young man lacks experience. 這個年輕人缺乏經驗。
英語不用被動語態幾種的情形
1.謂語為連系動詞時,不用被動語態。如:He looked fine. 他氣色好。The food tastes delicious. 這食物味道很好。
2. 謂語為不及物動詞(短語)時,不用被動語態。如:The war broke out in the end. 戰爭終於爆發了。
3. 賓語為不定式、動詞的-ing 形式或從句,表示主語的一些想法、愛好或願望時,一般不用被動語態。如:
He decided to go with us. 他決定跟我們一起去。4. 賓語是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語等時,一般不用被動語態。如:
We should help each other. 我們應該相互幫助。He thinks of himself too much. 他對自己想得太多。
5. 賓語是處所、地點時,一般不用被動語態。如:
We will reach the station in two hours. 我們再過兩個小時就會到站了。
6. 謂語部分(動詞與賓語) 是一個不可分割的動詞短語時,一般不用被動語態。如:
The ship set sail this morning. 這艘輪船今天早晨起航了。
通常不用於被動語態的靜態動詞
那裡的人缺乏食物。正:People there lack food. 誤:Food is lacked by people there.
從形式上看,第2句是第1句的相應的被動形式,既然第1句為正句,那麼第2句從理論上說應該是成立的。而事實上第2句卻是個錯句。
在英語中,並不是所有的及物動詞都可以用於被動語態的,有些動詞(尤其是那些靜態動詞)盡管它們可以帶賓語,但卻不用於被動語態,這種動詞考生容易弄錯,其中主要的有:have,lack,fit,suit,cost,let,like等:
他有一台電腦。正:He has a computer.誤:A computer is had by him.
他當時正在洗澡。正:He was taking a bath. 誤:A bath was being had by him.
我的鞋不適合。正:My shoes don』t fit me. 誤:I am not fitted by my shoes.
這架鋼琴花了她6000美元。正:The piano cost her 6000 dollars.
六要注意兩類被動句型的相互轉換
英語中有一種主動句可以轉換成兩種被動句型,它們通常是一些表示客觀說明的句子。如:
People believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
It』s believed that she is honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
She is believed to be honest. 大家相信她是誠實的。
比較上面兩類被動句型可以發現,一類是「it+be+過去分詞+that從句」,另一類則是「主語+be+過去分詞+不定式」(其中的「主語」為前一類句型中that從句中的主語),通常可用於這兩類被動句型的動詞有assume, believe, expect, fear, feel, know, presume, report, say, suppose, think, understand等,比較(同時注意其中時態和動詞形式的變化):
It』s known that he was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer. 大家知道他曾是位優秀的歌手。
表示「據說」的三類被動句型

⑨ 人教版初一下冊英語語法

人教版新目標英語七年級(下)各單元知識概要
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一、片語
be from= come from 來自...
pen pal=pen friend 筆友
like and dislike 好惡;愛憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 講英語
play sports 做體育運動
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
an action movie 一部動作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 對不起,打擾
get to 到達、抵達
beginning of 在...開始的時候
at the end of 在...結束的時候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主語+from?
主語+be+from+地點.
(2)、Where do/does+主語+live?
主語+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語+speak/speaks….
(4)、主語+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交際用語
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He』s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen』t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn』t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where』s the post office

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