1. 人教版高中英語必修一課文
A Night the Earth didn』t Sleep Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual the night.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured ring the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed of injured reached more than 400,000.
But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed. All of the city』s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
Reading
地球的一個不眠之夜
河北省東北部的農村不斷有些怪事發生：三天來，村子裡的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。農夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農家大院里的雞,甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。老鼠從田地里跑出來找地方藏身。魚缸和池塘里的魚會往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3點左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山城外也可以聽到飛機聲。在市內，有些建築物里的水管爆裂開來。但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當一回事，當天晚上照常睡著了。
在凌晨3點42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。世界似乎到了末日！二十世紀最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里處發生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全國1 / 3的地方都有震感。一條8公里長30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、馬路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸氣。石頭山變成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒鍾內，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。人們遭受的災難極為深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。成千上萬個家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死傷的人數達到40多萬。
倖存的人們又怎麼能相信這是自然現象呢？人們無論朝哪裡看，哪裡的一切都幾乎被毀了。所有的市內醫院、75%的工廠和建築物、90%的家園都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，然而它們是不可能被風颳走的。兩座大壩垮了，多數橋梁不是塌了就是無法安全通行了。鐵軌如今成了一條條廢鋼。好幾萬頭牛再也擠不出奶來。50萬頭豬和幾百萬只雞全都死了。井裡滿是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，在下午晚些時候，又一次和第一次一樣的強烈的地震震撼著唐山。有些醫生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、電和食物都很難弄到。人們開始納悶，這場災難還會持續多久。
不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震後不久，部隊派了15萬名戰士到唐山來協助救援人員，數十萬的人得到了救助。部隊人員組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。在唐山市的北邊，有一個萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數人得救了。援救人員為那些家園被毀的倖存者蓋起了避難所，用火車、卡車和飛機向市內運來了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，這座城市又開始出現了生機。
Elias』 Story My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
I needed his help because I had very little ecation. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:
「The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping out rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.」
It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:
「…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.」
As a matter of fact, I do not like violence… but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.伊萊亞斯的故事
我的名字叫伊萊亞斯。我是南非的一個窮苦的黑人工人。第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時候，是我一生中非常艱難的時期。（當時）我才12歲，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我尋求幫助的一位黑人律師。他為那些窮苦黑人提供法律指導。他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我為此非常感激。
由於我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的幫助。我六歲開始上學，我僅僅在那裡讀了兩年的學校有三公里遠。我不得不輟學，因為我的家庭無法繼續支付學費和交通費。我既不太會讀，也不怎麼會寫。幾經周折，我才在一家金礦找到一份工作。然而在那個時候，你要想住在約翰內斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。糟糕的是我沒有這個證件，因為我不是在那裡出生的，我很擔心我是不是會失業。
納爾遜·曼德拉給予我幫助的那一天是我一生中最高興的日子。他告訴我要想在約翰內斯堡立住腳，應當如何獲取所需證件。我對自己的未來又充滿了希望。我永遠也忘記不了他對我的恩情，當他組織了非國大青年聯盟時，我馬上就參加了這個組織。他說：「過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什麼權利都沒有的階段。」
他說的是真話。當時黑人沒有選舉權，他們無權選擇他們的領導人。他們不能做自己想要做的工作。他們所能住的城區都是由白人決定的。他們被打發去住的城外地區是南非最貧窮的地區。在那兒，沒有人能夠種莊稼。事實上，就像拉爾遜·曼德拉所說的：
「……我們被置於這樣一個境地：要麼我們被迫接受低人一等的現實，要麼跟政府作斗爭。我們選擇向法律進攻。首先我們用和平的方式來破壞法律，而當這種方式也得不到允許時，……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。」
事實上，我並不喜歡暴力，……但是在1963年的時候，我幫助他炸毀了一些政府大樓。那是很危險的事情，因為如果我被抓住了，可能就會被關進監獄。但是，我樂於幫忙，因為我知道，這是為了實現我們的黑人和白人平等的夢想。
2. 請幫忙歸納一下人教版高中英語必修一必修二語法
定語從句
一、考點聚焦
1、功能：相當於形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語
2、位置：定語從句置於被修飾詞之後
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞
（1）先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如:some-, any-, every-和no與-boy, -thing的合成詞；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代詞。數詞也可以作先行詞，人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。
（2）先行詞與關系詞是等量關系。必須注意兩點：
①先行詞在從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的數由先行詞而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②關系詞在從句句子中充當了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、關系詞：引導定語從句的都稱關系詞
關系代詞：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
關系副詞：when, where, why。that偶爾也作關系副詞。
5、確定關系詞的步驟
（1）先找關系詞，看先行詞指的是什麼。
（2）看關系詞在從句中所充當的成分。
6、在定語從句中，當先行詞指物時，下列情況的關系詞宜用that而不用which
（1）先行詞被①形容詞最高級 ②序數詞 ③數詞幾種詞修飾或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修飾時。
（2）先行詞為all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代詞時。
（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行詞在主句中作表語關系詞在從句中作表語時。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）當主句中含有疑問詞which時。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情況
（1）在非限制性定語從句中
（2）在關系詞前有介詞時
（3）當先行詞本身是that時
（4）當關系詞離先行詞較遠時
8、關系詞who與that指人時，也有不同情況分別用不同的關系詞
（1）當主句是there be句型時，關系詞用who。
（2）先行詞是為anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等詞時，關系詞用who。
（3）當主句是who作疑問詞時，關系詞用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在從句中只作賓語，可被who取代。
9、whose作關系詞既指人又指物，在從句中作定語。如：
Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10、關系代詞as,在從句中作主語、賓語和表語。
（1）先行詞被such和the same修飾，或句型as many（much）中，從句都用as 引導。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意：區別①such … that … 引導的結果狀語從句。They are such
lovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引導定語從句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）無先行詞的定語從句用as和which引導。
區別：①意義上：as 含有「這點正如……一樣」。②位置上：as 從句可置句首，也可在另處。
He didn』t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11、關系副詞when與where、why、that
when 指時間 = in / at / on / ring which
where指地點 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
當先行詞為way、day、reason、time時，可用that作關系副詞。（非正式場合）
I don』t like the way that / in which / he talks.
當time作先行詞時，關系詞可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12、必須注意的問題
（1）關系詞作主語時，從句中謂語的數。
（2）注意區別定語從句與強調句。
①定語從句中關系詞作從句成分，復合句。
②強調it無意義，that / who不是引導詞。
③強調it is / was和that / who後如果句子意思講得通則是強調句，講不通則不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定語從句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（強調句）
（3）定語從句與同位語從句的區別。
①定語從句引導詞被稱為關系詞，that充當主語、賓語、表語。有時可省略。
②同位語從句引導詞被叫做連詞，that不能充當任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位語)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定語)
（4）關系詞在從句中省略的情況。
①關系詞作賓語，前無介詞時。
②關系詞作表語。
（5）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的翻譯。
（6）關系詞前有介詞或復雜介詞，關系詞只能是which和whom。
（7）幾個特殊的定語從句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match.（句中one為先行詞）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students為先行詞）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
3. 高中英語人教版必修一二三的語法知識點有哪些
建議去書店買一本跟教材匹配的語法書，上面講的特別全，但是我認為語法在於一點一滴的累積，單獨學會覺得特別枯燥。