㈠ 初二下學期英語語法教程
1）現在完成進行時和現在完成時皆可表示動作對現在產生的結果，但前者所表示的結果是直接的，而後者所表示的則是最後的結果。如：
We have been cleaning the classroom．（a）
We have cleaned the classroom．（b）
（a）句可譯為「我們打掃教室來著。」其直接結果可能是：我們身上都是灰。（b）句可以譯為「我們把教室打掃過了。」其結果是：現在教室很清潔，可以用了。又，（a）句表示教室剛剛打掃過，（b）句則可能表示教室是昨天打掃的。
Be careful! John has been painting the door．（a）
John has painted the door．（b）
（a）句表示約翰剛剛把門油漆過，現在油漆還未乾，所以你要小心。（b）句則無此含義，油漆可能已幹了。
（2）現在完成進行時有時有延續性，現在完成時往往沒有。如：
They have been widening the road．（a）
They have widened the road．（b）
（a）句的意思是他們在加寬馬路，但尚未完工。（b）句的意思則是已完工了。有時現在完成時有延續性（如一些屬於持續體的動詞），但無臨時性質。如：
Mr. Smith has been living in London since 1978．（a）
Mr. Smith has lived in London since 1979．（b）
（a）句有「史密斯先生在倫敦久居」的含義，（b）句則沒有。
（3）但現在完成進行時並不總是具有臨時的性質，如：
My mother has been teaching English for twenty years．（a）
My mother has taught English for twenty years.（b）
（a）句在此並無臨時性質，但較口語化。（b）句則較為正式。又，（a）句表示動作現在仍在繼續．並將延續下去，（b）句的動作是否延續下去，須由上下文決定，但在一般情況下都是延續下去的。
（4）現在完成進行時往往表示動作在重復，現在完成時則常常不帶重復性。如：
Have you been meeting her lately？（a）
Have you met her lately？（b）
（a）句有「經常相會」之意，（b）句則沒有。（b）句如與often，every day等時間狀語連用，當然也表示動作在重復。
（5）現在完成進行時比較生動，有時含有明顯的感情色彩，而現在完成時往往只說明一個事實，一種影響或結果，平鋪直敘，沒有什麼感情色彩可言。如：
What have you been doing？（a）
What have you done？（b）
（a）句表示驚異。（b）句只是一個問題。
Have you been waiting long？（a）
Have you waited long？（b）
（a）句較（b）句生動。又，（a）句比較口語化。
I have been wanting to meet you for long．（a）
I have long wanted to meet you．（b）
（a）句比（b）句更親切，更有禮貌。
Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．（a）
Recently Mary has done her work regularly．（b）
（a）句顯然是在表揚瑪麗。（b）只說明一個事實。
下面還有一例，頗為有趣:
Who's been eating my apples？（a）
Who's eaten my apples？（b）
（a）句有強烈的感情色彩，表示憤怒不滿，（b）句只是希望回答的一個問題。又，（a）句兼有進行時態，所以有「蘋果未被全部吃光」的意思，（b）句是完成時態，說明「蘋果一個不剩了」。
過去完成時
1） 概念：表示過去的過去
過去完成時：即過去的過去所發生的事情！
其構成是主語+had +過去分詞。
那時以前 那時 現在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本……，未能……"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
過去完成時的用法（2）
表示過去某一動作之前已經完成的動作，常與由when，before等連詞引導的時間狀語從句連用。
When I woke up it had already stopped raining.
我醒來的時候雨就已經停了。
I hadn't learned any English before I came here.
我來這兒之前沒學過英語。
常用於引導這類狀語從句的連詞有：when當……的時候，as soon as一…就，
before在……之前，after在……之後，until直到，等。
過去完成時的用法（3）
用於賓語從句或間接引語中
I wondered who had taken the umbrella without permission.
我想知道誰不經允許就把雨傘拿去。
He told me that he had passed the exam.
他告訴我他已通過考試。
過去完成時的用法（4）
某些動詞的過去完成時表示一個打算要做卻沒有做成的事。
I had intended to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn't get away.
昨晚我本打算來看你，但有人來找，脫不開身。
We had hoped to catch the early bus, but found it was gone.
我們本希望搭早班車，卻發現車已開了。
這類動詞有：intend打算，hope希望，plan計劃，mean預定，want想要，
think想要，等。
過去完成時的用法（5）
用於表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句中
If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
如果你昨天來的話，你就已經見到他的面了。
She would have come if she hadn』t been so busy.
要不是這么忙的話，她就已經來了。
It was given by him! But I didn't want to accept!
This kind of idea had never been thought about before yesterday!
She will have been left by you at this time of tomorrow.
The bycicle is being repaired by you!!!
第一個是一般過去時的被動語態。（一般現在時和一般將來時與其類似，只是be動詞的區別罷了【即was/were與will be與is/are的區別）
第二個是過去完成時的被動語態。（現在完成時與其類似）
第三個是將來完成時的被動語態。
第四個是現在進行時的被動語態。但是，一般來說，這種情況在英語表達中是非常之少的。
㈡ 初二下學期英語語法重點
一．定義
語態是動詞的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種：主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者，或者是說動作是由主語完成的，要用主動語態；如果主語是動作的承受者，或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的，則用被動語態。
■當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時，常用被動語態，這時往往不用by短語。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知誰打破的)
They have been poorly paid. 他們的工資太低。(沒必要指出工資是誰付的)
■突出或強調動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執行者，用by短語。
The time-table has been changed. 時間表已變動了。(要突出的是「時間」)
These books are written especially for children. 這些書是專門為孩子們寫的。(強調的是「」這些書)
■為了使語言得體或圓滑等不願意說出動作的執行者。如：
You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 請您在下次會議上作個發言。
It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 據說她要嫁給一個外國人。
■出於修辭的原因，或是說為了更好地安排句子。如：
The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 這個提議特別遭到了那些在本地區投資很大的人的反對。(因those的定語太長了，若用它作主語，主語與謂語就相距太遠而顯得句子鬆散。)
8種常用時態的被動語態
由「助動詞be + 動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be 有時態、人稱和數的變化。
(1) 一般現在時：am/is/are +過去分詞。如：
Rice is grown in south China. 華南種植水稻。
(2) 一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 這塊玻璃是昨天打爛的。
(3) 現在進行時：am/is/are being +過去分詞。如：
The project is being carried out. 這個計劃正在執行中。
(4) 過去進行時：was/were/being +過去分詞。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 這條路去年這個時候還在修建。
(5) 一般將來時：will be +過去分詞。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 這些汽車將由水路運往國外。
(6) 過去將來時：would be +過去分詞。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 經理說這個工程在年底前將會完成。
(7) 現在完成時：have/has been +過去分詞。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。
(8) 過去完在時：had been +過去分詞。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到達劇院時，發現票已賣完了。 給分哦，
㈢ 初二下學期每個單元的英語語法！
主要的就是：（來我們源老師總結的）
U1：一般將來時
U2：情態動詞
U3:過去進行時
U4:賓從語序，時態
U5:條件狀語從句
U6:現在完成進行時
U7：禮貌提出請求
U8:如何提建議
U9:現在完成時
U10:反義疑問句
㈣ 初二英語下冊上學期語法
我覺得吧，你最主要的就是先把單詞、短語背好。然後在課堂上對語法部分，注意多聽，在做筆記。而且筆記要做詳細。
㈤ 初二下學期英語 語法 詞法 歸納
側重那一類語法項目？
㈥ 誰有初二英語下學期所有語法知識點 急求！
你要什麼版本的？？人教版？？
㈦ 初二英語下冊語法
去年整理的，是這個吧？
Unit 1
1. 在人們家中 in people's home
2. 在家通過電腦學習 study at home on computers
3. 將來 in the future
4. 免費的 be free
5. 活到200歲 live to be 200 years old
6. 一百年之後 in 100 years
7. 一張紙 a piece of paper
8. 更多/更少的樹 more / few trees
9. 更多/更少的污染 more / less pollution
10. 更少使用地鐵 use the subway less
11. 更多使用…… use sth. a lot
12. 同意某人的意見 agree with sb.
13. 與……談話 talk to / with sb.
14. 使用某物做某事 use sth. to do
15. 在上小學 be in elementary school
16. 住在一間公寓 live in an apartment
17. 乘坐火箭到月球 fly rockets to the moon
18. 愛上…… fall in love with …
19. 獨自居住 live alone easye.2000y.net
20. 能夠做某事 be able to do sth.
21. 去香港度假 go to Hong Kong on vacation
22. 世界盃 the World Cup
23. 飛到月球度假 fly to the moon for vacation
24. 有朝一日 one day
25. 為某人工作 work for sb.
26. 看起來精神 look smart
27. 實現 come trueeasye.2000y.net
28. 預言未來 predict the future
29. 看見某人做某事 see sb. do / doing
30. 數以百計的 hundreds of
31. 在太空 in space
32. 擁有某人自己的機器人 have one's own robot
33. 科幻小說 science fiction movies
34. 幫助某人做家務 help with the housework
35. 與……做同樣的事 do the same things as sb.
36. 叫醒某人 wake upeasye.2000y.net
37. 與……交朋友 make friends with sb.
38. 某地有某人在做某事 there be sb. / sth doing sth.
39. 看起來更像 look more like
40. 一遍又一遍地 over and over again
41. 有更少的工作去做 have less work to do
42. 做某事有趣 be fun to do
43. 在25年到50年之後 in 25 to 50 years
Unit 2
1. 擋住；阻止……進入 keep out
2. 與……某人就某事爭吵 argue with sb. about sth.
3. 與……爭吵 have an argument with sb. = argue with sb.
4. 告訴某人(不要)做某事 tell sb. (not ) to do sth.
5. 得到一份兼職的工作 get a part-time job
6. 打開 turn oneasye.2000y.net
7. 把……聲音放得太大 play … too loud
8. 給……寫信 write sb. a letter
9. 給……打電話 call sb. up
10. 一場球賽的票 a ticket to a ball game
11. 使……驚訝 surprise sb.
12. 支付…… pay for
13. 從……借…… borrow sth. from sb.
14. 為某人買某物 buy sb. sth.
15. 不知道 have no ideaeasye.2000y.net
16. 有同樣的發型 have the same haircut
17. 查明 find outeasye.2000y.net
18. 請家教 get a tutor
19. 需要去做 need to do
20. 邀請某人去做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
21. 把某物落在家裡 leave sth at home
22. 做某事失敗 fail (in) sth.
23. 與……相處融洽 get on well with sb.
24. 與……相同的 be the same as
25. 歸還某物 return sth.
26. 在字典中查找…… look up … in a dictionary
27. 與……打架 have a fight with sb.
28. 與……比較 compare with
29. 向……抱怨某事 complain to sb. about sth.
30. 感覺處於(太多的)壓力之下 be / feel under (too much) pressure
31. 買不同的衣服 get different clothes
32. 把……從一個地方帶到另一個地方 take sb from 名詞 to 名詞
33. 直到……才…… not … until …
34. 盡可能多地充實到孩子們的生活中來 fit as much as possible into their kids lives
35. 屢見不鮮 nothing neweasye.2000y.net
36. 厲害地強迫某人 push sb. hard
37. 總是在做某事 be always doing
38. 計劃做某事 plan to do
39. 一方面 on the one hand
40. 另一方面 on the other hand
41. 從很小的年齡開始 start from a very young age
Unit 3
1. 到達 arrive at / get to / reach
2. 在……前面 in front of
3. 在……的前部 in the front of
4. 在理發師的椅子上 in / on the barber's chair
5. 睡懶覺 sleep lateeasye.2000y.net
6. 在電話中交談 talk on the phone
7. 航天博物館 the Museum of Flight
8. 降落在中央大街上 land on Center Street
9. 報警 call the police
10. 沿著街道走 walk down / along the street
11. 起飛/脫下 take off
12. 有一次不尋常的經歷 have an unusual experience
13. 大約在10點鍾 at around ten o'clock
14. 跟著某人做某事/去某地 follow sb. to do / 地點
15. 對……感到驚訝 be surprised / amazed at
16. 在樹上 in the tree / on the tree
17. 朝……喊叫 shout to sb. / shout at sb.
18. 在火車站 at the train station
19. 逃跑 run awayeasye.2000y.net
20. 沿著……走 walk around
21. 紐約市 New York City / the city of the New York
22. 對……說 say to sb.
23. 飛往紐約的航班 the flight to New York
24. 在醫生的診所 at the doctor's
25. 看望住院的姨媽 visit aunt in hospital
26. 2008年奧運會 the 2008 Olympics
27. 記得做過/去做某事 remember doing / to do sth.
28. 在歷史上 in history
29. 在現代美國歷史上 in modern American history
30. 最重要的事件之一 one of the most important events
31. 聽說 hear about / of
32. 多於；超過 more than
33. 玩得高興 have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself
34. 沉默地做某事 do sth. in silence
35. 在當今時代 in recent times
36. 被……毀壞 be destroyed by
37. 對……有意義 have meaning to
38. 在太空 in spaceeasye.2000y.net
39. 與(不與)……一樣 … as … as / not as / so … as
40. 環繞地球 around the world
41. 一個民族英雄 a national hero
42. 全世界 all over the world / around the world
43. 因/作為……而著名 be famous for / as
44. 第一次做某事 do sth. for the first time
45. 日常活動 everyday activities
Unit 4
1. 看肥皂劇 watch soap operas
2. 舉行一次驚喜晚會 have a surprise party
3. 在周五晚上 on Friday night
4. 生某人的氣 be mad at sb.
5. 首先 first of alleasye.2000y.net
6. 做課外家庭作業 do a homework project
7. 遞給某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.
= pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.
8. 在公共汽車站 at the bus stop
9. 理應做某事 be supposed to do
10. 擅長be good at = do well in
11. 很抱歉做某事 be sorry to do sth.
12. 感冒 have / catch a cold
13. 身體健康 be in good health
14. 一次期末考試 an end-of-year exam
15. 在某事方面感到費勁 have a hard time with
16. 做某事很吃驚 be surprised to do
17. 捎去某人的問候 send one's love
18. 到現在為止 for noweasye.2000y.net
19. 抄襲別人的家庭作業 others' homework
20. 傳些口信 pass on some messages
21. 大打一架 have a big fight
22. 忘記去做某事 forget to do
23. 養成一個壞習慣 start a bad habit
24. 克服 get overeasye.2000y.net
25. 改變某人的生活 change one's life = change the life of sb.
26. 在一個貧困的山村 in a poor mountain village
27. 聽起來像 sound like
28. 一個北京大學的畢業生 a Peking University graate
29. 一個為期一年的計劃 a one-year program
30. 由……發起 be started by
31. 教育部 the Ministry of Ecation
32. 派人去做某事 send sb. to do
33. 對某人來說是一個新的經歷 be a new experience for sb.
34. 海拔2000米 2000 meters above sea level
35. 使某人覺得惡心 make sb. feel sick
36. 經歷不同的事 experience different things
37. 打開某人對外面世界的視野 open up one's eyes to the outside world
38. 給某人生活一個好的開始 give sb. a good start in life
39. 在某人的生活中有一個好的影響 be a good influence in one's life
40. 關愛地球母親 care for「Mother Earth」
41. 無國界醫生 Doctors Without Borders
42. 瀕危野生動物 wild animals in danger
43. 處於危險之中 be in danger
44. 脫離危險 be out of danger
Unit 5
1. 去參加晚會 go to the party
2. 玩得高興 have a great time
3. 讓某人進 let ineasye.2000y.net
4. 備考 study for one's test
5. 一半的同學 half the class
6. 歲末晚會 end of year party
7. 穿牛仔褲 wear jeans
8. 把……拿走 take away
9. 在晚會期間 ring the party
10. 校大掃除 school clean-up
11. 兒童醫院探視 Children's Hospital visit
12. 環球旅行 travel around the world
13. 獲得教育 get an ecation
14. 足球代理人 professional soccer player
15. 謀生 make a living
16. 似乎 seem like sth. / doing sth.
17. 夢想的職業 dream job
18. 捐給慈善機構 give … to charity
19. 一直 all the time
20. 受傷 get injured
21. 很難做某事 have a difficult / hard time
22. 實際上 in facteasye.2000y.net
23. 能夠 be able to/can
24. 手機 mobile phone
25. 與某人度過時光 spend time with sb.
Unit 6
1. 收集貝殼 collect shells
2. 滑冰馬拉松 skating marathon
3. 你第一雙滑冰鞋 your first pair of skates
4. 募捐 raise moneyeasye.2000y.net
5. 整整五小時 the whole five hours
6. 三年半 three and a half years
7. 填充動物玩具 stuffed animals
8. 妖怪雪球 snow glob of the monster
9. 用光 run out ofeasye.2000y.net
10. 在我十七歲生日時 on my seventeenth birthday
11. 順便說一下 by the way
12. 最常見的 the most common
13. 送某人某物 send sb. sth.
14. 才藝表演 a talent show
15. 額外的英語課 extra English class
16. 古幣 old coinseasye.2000y.net
17. 自由話題 free topic
18. 想起 think of
19. 著名人物 famous characters
20. 黑龍江省會 the capital of Heilongjiang Province
21. 具有豐富多彩的歷史 with a colorful history
22. 歐洲的影響 European influence
23. 蘇聯風格 in Russian style
24. 家史 family history
25. 驚奇 be surprised
26. 受到……的歡迎 be welcomed by
27. 宋朝皇帝 the Song Emperor
28. 西方歷史 western history
29. 越……越 the +比較級 … the +比較級
30. 確信 be certain that / to do
Unit 7
1. 介意做某事 mind doing sth.
2. 調小/大 turn down / up
3. 洗餐具 do the dishes
4. 從……里出來 get out of
5. 立即 right away / at once
6. 一會兒 in a minute
7. 在開會 be at the meeting
8. 完成這些工作 finish these tasks
9. 在廚房裡 in the kitchen
10. 幫某人做某事 help sb. do / with sth.
11. 抱怨 complain about sth.
12. 商店職員 store clerk
13. 給你拿錯了食品 bring you the wrong food
14. 不好使 don't work
15. 惱怒 get annoyed
16. 排隊等候 wait in line
17. 長時間的電話聊天 have a long telephone conversation
18. 到處跟著我 follow me around
19. 回到…… go back to
20. 一直 all the timeeasye.2000y.net
21. 碰巧發生在某人身上 happen to sb.
22. 試著不做某事 try not to do sth.
23. 加號 cut in line
24. 有點晚 a bit late
25. 定購食物 order food
26. 壓低你的聲音 keep your voice down
27. 講英語的國家 English-speaking country
28. 社會行為 social behavior
29. 與某人站的近 stand close to sb.
30. 亞洲國家 Asian country
31. 在各種條件下 in all situations
32. 即使 even ifeasye.2000y.net
33. 當眾 in public
34. 小心 take care to do sth.
35. 熄滅香煙 put out the cigarette
36. 被批評 be criticized
37. 扔垃圾 drop litter
38. 撿起 pick upeasye.2000y.net
39. 表現禮貌 behave politely
40. 依靠 depend on
41. 地方報紙 local newspaper
Unit 8
1. 幸運兒 lucky guy
2. 做一頓特別的飯 make a special meal
3. 你自己的選擇 your own choices
4. 大腹便便的豬 a pot-bellied pig
5. 好夥伴 good company
6. 帶某人出去 take sb. out to do
7. 睡著 fall asleep
8. 半途中 half wayeasye.2000y.net
9. 樹上的一片葉子 a leaf from a tree
10. 贈送 give away
11. 公園長椅 park bench
12. 試著做某事 try to do sth.
13. 通過不同的方式 in different ways
14. 來自於中國各地 from across China
15. 在舞台上 on stage
16. 各種年齡層 all age groups
17. 鼓勵某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
18. 取得進步 make progress
19. 奧委會 the Olympic Committee
20. 從……中得到樂趣 have fun with sth.
21. 講本族語的人 native speakers
22. 使某要對某事感興趣 make sb interested in
Unit 9
1. 太空博物院 space museum
2. 游樂場 amusement park
3. 水上樂園 water park
4. 曾經到過某個地方 have been to
5. 到某個地方去了 have gone to
6. 呆在某個地方 have been in
7. 既不……也不；兩者都不 neither … nor …
8. 聽說 hear ofeasye.2000y.net
9. 迪斯尼人物 Disney character
10. 主題公園 a theme park
11. 當然 of course
12. 過山車 a roller coaster
13. 以……為主題 be themed by
14. 四處走動 walk around
15. 總是一直 all the time
16. 迪斯尼巡遊 Disney Cruise
17. 兜風 take a ride
18. 在船上 on board
19. 走不同的路線 take different routes
20. 結束 end upeasye.2000y.net
21. 空中乘務員 a flight attendant
22. 導游 a tour guide
23. 象……這樣的 such as
24. 考慮 think about
25. 勝於，而不是 rather than
26. 在東南亞 in Southeast Asia
27. 度假 take a holiday
28. 在一方面 on the one hand
29. 在另一方面 on the other hand
30. 超過 多餘 more than
31. 四分之三 three quarters
32. 三分之一 one third
33. 做某事有困難 have some problem doing
34. 不管 還是 whether or
35. 夜狩 night safari
36. 在白天 ring the daytime
37. 在更自然的環境里 in a more natural environment
38. 全年 all year round
39. 靠近 be close to
Unit 10
1. 閑聊 small talk
2. 祝一天愉快 have a good day
3. 瀏覽；粗略看一遍 look through
4. 排隊等候 wait in line
5. 穿過一條繁忙的街道 cross a busy street
6. 開場白 open questions
7. 感謝函 Thank-you note
8. 想要 feel likeeasye.2000y.net
9. 出現；陪伴 come along
10. 融洽相處 get along
11. 想起 think of
12. 有一個家宴 have a family dinner
13. 交通擁擠 heavy traffic
14. 至少 at least
㈧ 初二下學期英語語法
1 、賓語從句：
如果一個句子作為動詞或介詞的賓語，稱為賓語從句。
（1） 如果一個特殊疑問句作某個動詞或介詞的賓語，一定要用其陳述的語序。如： they often ask him where he is from.. 不能說成： they often ask him where is he from.
（2） 某些特殊疑問句作賓語可以簡寫成「特殊疑問句 +to do」 的形式。例如： i am thinking about what to say < what i should say.> 我正在考慮我該說點兒什麼。
練習：
一， 選擇題；
( )1,thanks a lot for---------me about it. a.to tell b.tell c.telling d.told
( )2.best wishes-------your birthday. a. for b.to c.on d.in
( )3.in england, people usually call james jim-------. a.shortly
b.for short c.easy d.easily
( )4. mother with her three children-----------going shopping.
a.are b.is c.will d.were
( )5. march 8 th is-----------.a.the womens day b.the womans day
c.womens day d.women day
二， 改錯題：
（ ） 1.every here like english very much.
a b c d
( )2.mr wu is going to want me to give a talk.
a b c d
( )3.in england, you never cant put their family name first.
a b c d
( )4.i dont know why do people call me jim.
a b c d
( )5.id like to buy something for mr wu in teachersday.
a b c d
三、 單項選擇：
（ ） 1.best wishes---------teachersday. a.to b.for c.of d.with
( )2.thank you for english fun. a.make b.to make c.makes d.making
( )3.in england , people never use the first name their family name.
a.before. b.in front of c.with d.after
( )4.the teacher didnt teach us in the last lesson.
a.new anything b,new something c.anything new d.something new
( )5.everyone is here. nobody is-----------
a.not away b,away c.not out d.go
( )6.his friends call jim short. a.he, for b.him, for c.him,in d.her,for
( )7.would you like to give us a-----------?
a.talking b.talk c.to talk d.talks
( )8.come to my office after school, tom. lets a talk about your
lessons.
( )9.----hi, tom. how is your father? -----oh,----------------
a.he is not tall b. he doesnt feel well c.he is old d.he is a teacher
( )10.david william lewis is called when we meet him for
the first time.
a.dave b.david c.mr lewis d.mr willian
( )11.rober thomas brow is my very good friend, so i usually call
him-------
a.mr brown b.rober browm c.bob d.mr robert
( )12. something about your family, ok?
a.say b.tell c.speak d.talk
( )13.you can call me bob, you should never call me mr bob.
a.but b.or c.and d./
( )14.in china, the first name is name.thats different english name.
a .family, with b.given, from c.family, from d.given ,with
( )15,im very glad the news.
a.hear b.to hear c.listen dlistening
( ) 16.what about to the great wall hotel ?
a.go b.to go c.goes d.goin 語法 :
2. 一般將來時 : be going to 結構的用法 :
(1) 用 be going to+ 動詞原形表示 」 將要發生的事情或主觀上打算 , 計劃 , 決定要做的事 . 其後的時間狀語通常為表示短期或近期含義的短語或表示固定時間的從句 . 如 :tomorrow morning,/tomorrow afternoon /tomorrow evening, next month /next week /next year /next saturday, this week /year/afternoon/saturday. 或者 when you grow up---------? 等等
(2) be going to 結構中 ,be 是助動詞 , 要按句中主語的人稱和數的變化而變化 . 其後要接動詞的原形 . 該句的否定式是在 be 後面加 not, 其疑問式將 be 提到句首 . 如 :she is going to help her mother clean the house this sunday./we are going to watch tv tomorrow evening. /are they going to have a sports meeting next month.? /there is going to be
an english call tomorrow afternoon..
(3), 在英語中 , 表示位置轉移的動詞 , 如 :come, go, fly, drive, leave, stay, 等 , 可用現在進行時表示按計劃或安排即將發生的事 , 不必用 be going to 結構 . 如 :she is flying to nanjing herself. 明天她一個人飛往南京 . are you driving home ? 你開車回家嗎 ?
練習：
單項選擇題：
（ ） 1.what are you going to do friday evening ? a.in b.on c.at d.of
( )2.do you have to do every day ?
a..much work b.many work c.much works d.many works
( )3.what about meat for supper ?
a.to buy some b.to buy any c.buying some d.buying any
( )4. ann her hair this saturday .
a.wash b.washes c. to wash d.is going to wash
( )5.my school is near. i like walking there.
a.too b.quite c.quiet d.so
( )6. these new shoes are for .
a.you and i b.i and you c.you and me d.me and you
( )7. would you like boating ?
a.go b.to go c.going d.to go to
( )8. why not there by bus ?
a.to go b.goes c. go d .going
( )9. are you free next saturday ? ------------------.
a.sure b.i think so c .nothing much d.why
( )10.i s li ming good singing ?
a.at b.in c.on d. for
( )11.i have some books .
a.read b.reading c.to read d.to reading
( )12.a.re you going to stay at school on may day ? no, im not. .
a.im going to home b.im home c.im going home d. i go to home
( )13. kate has good friends at school.
a.a quite lot of b,quite a lot of c.quite a lot d.a quite of
( )14. its five miles the farm the bus stop .
a.from , to b.to, from c.from , with d.from ,by
( )15. our teacher likes us english in the morning .
a.to read b.reading c.read d.reads
( )16. they are going to play football next friday.
a.on b./ c.in d.at
( )17. lets now .
a.going to the park b.to play games c.are singing d.have a rest
3 . 形容詞的比較級和最高級的用法：
(1) 表示兩者之間的比較時用比較級，常用於「比較級 +than 」結構。如：
this box is heavier than that one . 這個盒子比那個重。
he is much taller than i < am > ,< 口語一般用 me >. 他比我高很多。通常可用 much, a little , a lot , still , even 等詞修飾比較級。還可以用「數詞 + 名詞」構成的名詞短語表示確定的度量，來修飾比較級。如：
i am ten years older than my little brother. 我比我的小弟弟大了十歲。
(2) 表示三者或三者以上的比較時用最高級，常用於「最 -----「.
最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞 the, 後面可帶 of<in> 短語來說明比較的范圍。如： the one with nuts is the nicest of all . 裡面夾果仁的月餅是所有月餅中最好吃的。 li lei is the best at english in his class. 李雷在他們班英語學得最好。
此外，最高級還可以被序數詞所修飾。如：
the yellow river is the second longest in china. 黃河是中國第二大長河。
一， 根據句意填入適當的詞：
1,they are having tea the open air .
2,thank you very much your help.
3,would you like to come supper?
4,wu xia is the at chinese in her class.
5,this is a book many colour picture
6,our classroom is clean .it is cleaner yours.
7,this bottle is empty .may i have a one ?
8,what is the with your pen ? it is broken.
9, is the third season of a year.
二， 句子改寫：
ma li lis ruler is longer than kates.( 變為一般疑問句 )
—— ma li lis ruler____,_____kates?
2,jims box is the heaviest of all.( 變為否定句 )
jims box _____the heaviest of all.
3,the black bag is the oldest of the four .( 對劃線部分提問 )
_____ _____is the oldest of the four ?
4,li lei is thirteen. zhang hong is twelve.( 連成一句 )
li lei is one year____ _____zhang hong.
5,tom is the tallest boy in the class.( 同義句改寫 )
tom is ____ than____ _____boy in the class.
6,he watches tv every evning.( 用 this evening 替換 every evening)
he _____ _____ _____ ______tv this evening.
三， 用所給的詞的適當形式填空：
1,i have nothing_____(do) today.
2,is lucy running_____(slow) than lili ?
3,what kind of _____(ck) are you feeding now?
4,his hobby is____(is)an artist.
5,which do you think is______(beauty), the city or the country?
6can you hear something_______(sing) in the next room?
7,stop_____(play). now lets have our lesson.
8what _____(grow)on this farm?
9,now my brother is learning more about ______(draw).
10,riding a bike is much ______(easy).
四， 根據句意填上一個最恰當的詞，使句子通順，語法正確：
1,do you all agree____her? 2, the corn_____slowly.
3,i pick more pears than he_____. 4,why____come with us ?
5,which ____faster , a taxi or a bus ? 6,today she____to stay at
home. 7,my little dog is hungry. i must _____it.
8,my mother likes ____me some stories at weekend.
9,what are you going to do after you _____school?
10,i think the trees in shenyang is much fewer than____in dalia. 五，句型轉換：
1,please walk guickly, or you will miss the train.
______ ______ _____walk guickly,you will miss the train.
2,do you have time this weekend? ____ you___this weekend?
3, lets have a rest ? ____ ____ ____a rest? ____ ____have a rest.
4, which is the way to the station, please ?
______ _____the station, please?
5,i dont know. i have _____ ______.
6,the post office is not inside the station.
the post office is______the station.
7,jim sits in front of bill. bill sits_____jim.
8,today some countries dont use animals to do farm work any more. today some countries____ _____use animals to do farm
work.
9,this pen is cheaper than any other one in the shop.
this pen is_____ ______in the shop.
五， 動詞的適當形式填空：
1． listen! who______(sing) in the classroom?
2,may i_____(come)in? im sorry im late.
it_____(not, matter). come in ,please.
3.jim usually____(do) his homework at school,but he______
(do) it at home now .
4,we____(see)uncle wang tomorrow. would you like______
(go) with us ? 5,why not______(go) boating?
6.what about _______(go) on a picnic?
4 ．提建議的表達方法：
ⅰ、 shall i / we do( 動詞原形 )------ ？表示「我 / 我們 ----- 好嗎？」 例： shall we go to the zoo? 我們去動物園好嗎？
ⅱ、 lets do( 動詞原形 )------ 。表示「讓我們做 ----- 吧」
例： lets make it half past one. 讓我們定在一點半吧。
iii 、 why not do( 動詞原形 )------ 表示「為什麼不做 ----- 呢？」
例： why not give her some flowers? 為什麼不送給她一些花呢？
5 ．怎樣「表示需要」、「詢問方向」和「指點方向」
i ．表示需要： 1.he needs some help . 2.you need a number 16 bus.
3.which number do i need ?
ii. 怎樣「問路（詢問方向）」：
1.e xcuse me. which is the way to the post office?
2.excuse me. can(could) you tell me the way to the park?
3.excuse me. can(could) you show me the way to the bookshop?
4.excuse me. do you know the way to the bank?
5.excuse me. how can i get to the farm ?
6.excuse me.can(could) you tell me how i can get to the hospital?
7.excuse me,can(could) you tell me where the theatre is?
8.excuse me.where is the nearest hospital, please?
iii. 怎樣「指點道路」（指點方向）：
1 、 its over there on the right /left.
2 、 its next to /in front of /behind /outside the school.
3 、 walk along /do down this road.
4 、 take the first turning on the left /right.==turn left /right at the
first turning.
5、 ts about two hundred metres along on the left /right .
6、 ts about five kilometers away.
a) its about ten minutes 『 walk from here.
b) the nearest is about three kilometers away. you need a no.1 bus.
c) take a no.3 bus on the right and get off at the sixth stop.
6. 序數詞的用法：表示事物的順序叫序數詞。序數詞往往與定冠詞 the 連用。
（ 1 ）， 1----3 ，沒有規律，要逐個記憶。
one first ; two second ; three third ;
(2). 4-----12. 有規律，其中 four, six , seven ,ten , eleven 是在基數詞的後面加上 th, 而 five fifth , eight eighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth 是沒有規律，要逐個記憶。
(3). 13------20 有規律，是在基數詞的後面加上 th 就行。
（ 4 ）。第二十至第九十的整十的倍數都是在基數詞後將詞尾的 -y 改為 i, 再加 -eth 構成的。
（ 5 ），十位以上的基數詞變成序數詞時，把個位數變成序數詞即可，十位數不變。第一百、第一千、第一百萬都是在基數詞的後面直接加上 -th 構成。
（ 6 ），序數詞的縮寫形式是由阿拉伯數字加上序數詞的最後兩個字母構成。
附： 基數詞變為序數詞的口訣：
基變序，有規律，詞尾加上 th ；
一、二、三，特殊記，詞尾字母 t,d,d ;
八減 t , 九減 e, f 來把 ve 替；
單詞 ty 作結尾， ty 變成 tie;
若是碰到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。
練習題：
一．聽力： 20 分。 （四個類型）略。
二．筆試： 80 分。
《一》。 詞彙：
a． 根據句子的意思及首字母提示，用適當的詞填空：
1． w______back to school. 2.october comes after s_______.
3.there are many b______flowers in the park.
4.e______is the biggest animal on the land.
5.walk along this road, and take the fourth t_____on the right.
6.shall we meet o_____the school gate?
7.dont swim in the river. its d_______.
8.tigers usually live in the f______and the mountains.
9.its far from here.you had better c_____a bus .
d) thank you all the s______.
e) do you n____any help , miss black?
f) lets make it half past nine .no p_____.
g) this big box is too h______.i cant carry it .
h) jim often goes the w_____way .
i) i am very t______. shall i have a rest?
b. 按要求寫出下列各詞：
1. busy( 比較級 )______ 2.big( 最高級 )_______3.early( 比較級 )____4.nice( 最高級 )______5.beautiful( 比較級 )___________
6.good( 比較級 )______7.many( 最高級 )______8.slowly( 比較級 )_____9.five( 序數詞 )_____10.one( 序數詞 )_____11.two( 序數詞 )_______12.three( 序數詞 )______13.nine( 序數詞 )______
14. twelve( 序數詞 )_____15 .twenty( 序數詞 )_____16. swim( 現在分詞 )_____17. close( 形容詞 )_____18. friend( 形容詞 )______
19. wish( 復數 )______20. full( 反義詞 )_____21. before( 反義詞 )_____22. right( 同音詞 )_____23. alse( 同義詞 )______24. free( 反義詞 )_____25. strong( 比較級 )______26.foot( 復數 )______27. run( 名詞 )_____28. zoo( 復數 )_____29. play( 名詞 )______30. quick( 副詞 )______
c. 根據漢語提示，用單詞的適當形式填空：
1． lucy is feeling much ______( 更好 )now.
2． this turkey ________( 嘗起來 )fine.
2. miss li is __________( 講 )children a story.
3. at night ,there are many ______( 星星 )in the sky.
4. he jumps_______( 最高 )at the sports meeting.
二．選擇填空： 20 分。略。
三．改寫句子：根據要求完成下列各句：
1. he is washing his clothes now.( 用 tomorrow 改寫 )
he is _______ ______wash his clothes tomorrow.
2. he is taller than any other student in his class.( 變為同義句 )
he is______ _______in his class.
3. you had better go there on foot .( 改為否定句 )
you had ______ ______go there on foot.
4. they are going to leave on monday.( 劃線部分提問 )
_______ _______they going to leave?
5. you usually come to school by bike.( 改為否定疑問句 )
_______you usually______to school by bike?
四．口語運用：從 b 欄中找出能與 a 欄配對的答語：
a b
( )1.what are you going to do next sunday? a.some bread.
( )2.shall we go to the zoo? b.some bread ,please.
( )3.when shall we meet? c.sorry ,im busy .
( )4.what about a quarter past ten ? d.nothing much.
( )5.what can you see on the table / e.at a quarter past ten.
( )6.what would you like ? f. no . lets make it a little earlier.
( )7.are you free tomorrow ? g.i think so.
( )8.could you go there with me tomorrow ? h.good idea.
( )9.what does it say ? i.dont feed the animals.
( )10. would you like to go to the cinema? j. yes, id love to.
五．動詞填空：用所給的動詞的適當形式填空：
1._______jim usually______(walk) to school ?
2.everyone _____( be) here. let the teacher ______(start) his lesson.
3.i have much homework________(do) and i must finish________(do)it first .
5. she usually ______(play) football on sundays,but now she _____(swim).
6. what ____he_________(do) tomorrow ?
六．補全對話：
a ; excuse me,______ _______a fruit shop near here ?
b; i am______i_______know. i am new here. you had better______that policeman_______there.
a; thank you ______the_____.
b:excuse me , ______the nearest fruit shop ,please?
c;sorry ,there isnt.
a:then ______ _______is the nearest one from here?
c: its_______seven kilometers________. you had better catch a bus.
a: which bus shall i take ,please ?
c: the no.105 bus. it will take you______there .
a; where is the bus stop ,please ?
c: go along this road , and then take the first turning on the right. you can see______in front of you .
a; thank you very much.
c: not at all.
七．看圖完成對話：
kate: excuse me! _____can i
____ _____the nearest market ,please?
jill:_____ ______this street, and
______the third______on the ____.
then take the second turning on the _______.
its about _______ _____ _____along on the right.
kate: oh, i see. thanks a lot .
jill:its my pleasure.
八． 書面表達：
根據要求寫一段對話：（看圖寫，不少與 50 個詞）
henry is going to buy a dictionary.
he doesntknow the way to the bookshop .
so he asks sam to go with him .
but sam says he is busy. he shows henry
on the map .look at the map,and make a dialogue.