① 英語語法問題：不理解句子的結構
這個可以理解成是定語從句縮短為形容詞性短語的情況，當定語從句回引導詞在從句中答作主語，且從句中有be的時候，引導詞和be可以省略，即 an emotion (which is) better left entirely unvoiced.
② 英語寫作中句子成分及語法問題
由於題干抄中主謂賓俱全，所襲以後面的分詞結構只能是狀語，就算從邏輯意語上看有解釋說明advertising的意思，但它從語法上看不可能是定語或同位語，因為同位語或定語成分一般都要緊跟被修飾的對象。除非硬把它放在advertising後面。如 in conclusion, advertising, not only ...but also..., plays an essential role in society. 相當於 advertising that not only make ... but also ... plays an.... 這樣寫顯然頭重腳輕，改成原句讀起來更加通順。
但現在關鍵是分詞結構在本句中就是放在句末而不是句中，那就無法把其視為定語或同位語成分了。這里比較合適的是作為結果狀語，作為對其"重要作用或角色 "的補充說明
③ 英語高一語法和句子結構有哪些
先行詞在定語從句中充當主語,賓語,時間,地點,原因狀語.結構：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定語從句分為限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,缺少它,則句義顯得不完整,從句與先行詞緊密相連.非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)關系詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞,這些關系詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知識重點與難點(一)當先行詞有最高級,序數詞修飾,是不定代詞,或是all, no, only等形式時,關系代詞一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)當先行詞是表示時間,地點,原因的詞時,關系詞用when, where, why 還有which, that1. I』m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn』t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定語從句的簡化表達：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外,還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語,done短語,being done短語,to be done短語修飾.其結構和意思如下：1. 被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做….的人/正在發生的事.2. 被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…..的人/事3. 被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The 「crazy」 gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means 「you have a phone call」 in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be 「the mother river」 runs across China like a huge dragon.總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞,不定式的各種形式作定語.1. 這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面.如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語,則可以放在被修飾名詞前面.2. 分詞作定語時,其動作應與全句動作同時發生.V-ing表示主動意義和正在做,V-ed表示被動意義.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定語表示將要發生的,to be done表示將要被做的【典型例題】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people』s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people』s lives為非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞Friendship用which連接定語從句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作為定語從句修飾先行詞Uncle Li,從句完整的表達是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以關系詞前應加上介詞with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定語從句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修飾先行詞the reason指「他在會上就他工作中的粗心解釋的原因.先行詞在從句中做賓語.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定語從句_____ work is rather hard修飾先行詞teachers, 它與從句中的work是從屬關系,關系詞用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn』t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次舉行的奧運會,直到1912年才容納女運動員._____in 776 BC做定語修飾The Olympic Games,指過去的內容,表示被動.用done做定語.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根據句意房子即將開工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修飾The houses應為The houses The houses將要為教師和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根據句意：比如說,我們當中參加一個對我們毫不重要的會議的人會有多少人對這個討論感興趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修飾How many of us做定語.與全句動作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定語從句__ is working in Australia修飾先行詞three children,根據從句中的is判斷,是說：三個孩子中的一個在澳大利亞工作.答案：B【模擬試題】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don』t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【試題答案】1. C Susan 正是我認為作了好事的那位女孩.先行詞the very girl在從句中做think的賓語,同時又是後面賓語從句did the good deed.的主語,所以關系詞不能用whom2. C 定語從句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修飾先行詞money：用這筆錢買火車票.關系詞前面需要加介詞：with3. C定語從句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的時間都投入在這本書上了.devote….to sth.關系詞前加介詞：to4. A 定語從句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修飾先行詞the day ：先行詞the day在從句中做時間狀語：在這一天我得到了扮演一個角色的機會.5. C 短語_____ tomorrow做定語修飾the question,根據表達的內容：明天即將被討論的問題.應當用不定式的被動結構做定語.6. D 短語_____ at the moment做the food的定語,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定語表示：正在被……的…….7. C 現在分詞短語reading under the big tree做定語修飾the teacher 表示：正在大樹下看書的那位老師.情態動詞1. 情態動詞的推測表達2. 情態動詞表達虛擬語氣3. 某些情態動詞的特殊用法知識重點與難點總結知識重點：情態動詞在表達推測意義的句子中的運用：(一)用情態動詞表達事實的推測.can,could,might,may,must可以用來表達對事實的推測.根據說話人對事實的把握性大小,must表示「肯定…」,may / might / can / could表示「可能……」, must只用於肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 「可能不……」, 而can / could可以用於疑問句,表示「可能,可能……嗎?」,其否定式can』t / couldn』t 表示「不可能」.用情態動詞可以對現在或過去的事實進行推測.對不同的時間內容推測有不同的結構.(二)對現在的事實進行推測：主要結構：…must / may / might +動詞原形be+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I』m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn』t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn』t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can』t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)對過去的事實進行推測：結構：情態動詞+have done / been+名詞/形容詞/介詞短語例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn』t have seen Anna yesterday. She』s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情態動詞表達虛擬語氣：表達「本來…」,「不然早就…」.這是情態動詞的一種虛擬語氣用法.表示說話人所講的與所發生的事實相反.表達了說話人的埋怨,後悔的語氣.其結構是在一些情態動詞後面加 have done 結構.根據要表達的意思
④ 英語語法句子結構
They主語 are謂語 very low maintenance表語.
And, most important狀語,the yellow divers 主語if ication,狀語從句or spreading the risk狀語, with the investor's money.狀語，這個句子沒回有謂語，有誤的。答
⑤ 英語語法：句子結構的一個小問題
最近看到一本語法書，很肯定地說到英語的句子結構有5種：+V...等等~
但是我記得以前英語老師的說法是：英語的句子只有「主謂結構」和「主系表」結構兩種。
那麼
他們的說法都對嗎？為什麼會有這兩種不同的說法呢？
到底哪一種說法比較容易理解英語的句子結構呢？
答：你的老師很會教，由淺入深。
英語句子，從結構上來分，有三種：簡單句、並列句和復合句。後兩種句子是由簡單句通過連詞並列或連接而來。所以先要研究簡單句。
從主語和謂語的關系來看，簡單句就只有兩種：主系表結構和主謂結構。前者表示「主語是什麼，怎麼樣，在何處」，後者表示「主語干什麼」
主系表結構的系動詞主要是Be動詞，表示「是，在」的意思，主要變化在表語，有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式，動名詞、分詞等等。如：He is a student/ tall/ over there/at home/ to do sth. His job is teaching English. He is moved
主謂結構又可根據動詞的及物不及物分成兩類：
1. 主謂句型SV. 謂語動詞是不及物的，如：He smiled.
2. 主謂+賓語句型。 謂語動詞是及物動詞。根據及物動詞的不同，又可分三類：
1)主謂單賓句型，簡稱主謂賓句型SVO： I like English.
2) 主謂雙賓句型，又稱主謂賓賓句型：SVOi Od: He gave me a gift.
3) 主謂復賓句型，又稱主謂賓補句型：SVOC：
而這賓語補足語根據賓語和它邏輯上的的關系 又可分成兩種情況1. 主表關系、2、主謂關系：
1. 主表關系：We consider him honest ( he is honest)
賓補可以是：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等等
2. 主謂動作關系：ask sb. to do sth. ; see sb. doing sth.
賓補可以是:不定式，分詞 等等。
實際上就是五種簡單的句型。也有人將there be句型單獨作為一個句型（實為主系表句型或主謂句型，只不過是倒裝句）
這樣講解，脈絡更清楚。
⑥ 英語語法 關於句子的成分，種類和結構
句子的種類：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句等.
句子的成分：英語的句子成分分為七種：主語、謂語、賓語、定語、表語、賓語補足語。
結構有簡單句、復合句（復合句又分並列復合句和主從復合句）
⑦ ①中國的句子成分的規則適用於英語語法 ②中國的語法與英語的語法有何不同 完成我的問題的必有重謝
中文一開始是沒有語法的 ,語法這個東西是從西方引進的,中文以前連標點符號都沒有,更妄論語法了。除了共性之外，中文有量詞、沒有冠詞、分詞、不定式、動名詞、表語、時態；而英文則沒有量詞，但有冠詞、分詞、不定式、動名詞、表語、時態。
英語和漢語的十大區別
一、英語重結構,漢語重語義
我們看一看下面的例子：
Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips,computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools,relaxation will be in front of smell television,and digital age will have arrived.兒童將與裝有個性晶元的玩具娃娃玩耍,具有個性內置的計算機將被視為工作夥伴而不是工具,人們將在氣味電視前休閑,到這時數字時代就來到了。
二、英語多長句,漢語多短句
一般來講，英語句子結構上若沒有出現錯誤,許多意思往往可以放在一個長句中表達；漢語則正好相反。漢語的語義是通過字詞直接表達,不同的意思往往通過不同的短句表達出來。如：
Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. 人們對歷史研究方法產生了愛好,這與其說是因為外部對歷史作為一門知識學科的有效性提出了挑戰,還不如說是因為歷史學家內部發生了爭吵。
三、英語多從句,漢語多分句
英語句子不僅可以在簡單句中使用很長的修飾語使句子變長,同時也可以用從句使句子變復雜,而這些從句往往通過從句引導詞與主句或其它從句連接,整個句子盡管表面上看錯綜復雜卻是一個整體。漢語本來就喜歡用短句,加上表達結構相對鬆散,英語句子中的從句翻成漢語時往往成了一些分句。如：
On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is compared,and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.總的來說,得出這樣一個結論是有一定程度掌握的,但是必須具備兩個條件：能夠假定這個孩子對測試的態度和與他相比的另一個孩子的態度相同；他也沒有因缺乏別的孩子已掌握的有關知識而被扣分。
四、在主語,賓語等名詞成分中，英語多代詞,漢語多名詞
在句子中,英語多用名詞和介詞,漢語多用動詞。英語不僅有we、you、he、they等人稱代詞,而且還有that、which之類的關系代詞,在長而復雜的句子,為了使句子結構准確、語義清楚,同時避免表達上的重復,英語往往使用很多代詞。漢語雖然也有代詞,但由於結構相對鬆散、句子相對較短,漢語里不能使用太多的代詞,使用名詞往往使語義更加清楚。如：
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots,and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.屆時,將出現由機器人主持的電視訪談節目及裝有污染監測器的汽車,一旦這些汽車污染超標（或違規）,監測器就會使其停駛。
五、英語多被動,漢語多主動
英語比較喜歡用被動語態,科技英語尤其如此。漢語雖然也有「被」、「由」之類的詞表示動作是被動的,但這種表達遠沒有英語的被動語態那麼常見,因此,英語中的被動在漢譯中往往成了主動。下面我們先看一組常用被動句型的漢譯：
It must be pointed out that… 必須指出……
It must be admitted that… 必須承認……
It is imagined that… 人們認為……
It can not be denied that… 不可否認……
It will be seen from this that… 由此可知……
It should be realized that… 必須認識到……
It is （always）stressed that… 人們（總是）強調……
It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以毫不誇張地說……
這些常用被動句型屬於習慣表達法,在科技英語中出現頻率很高,考生不僅要認識這些句型的固定翻譯,同時要熟悉到許多英語中的被動從習慣上來講要譯成漢語的主動。如：And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes,and that they have to be required by a sort of special training.許多人認為,普通人的思維活動根本無法與科學家的思維活動相比,認為這些思維活動必須經過某種專門練習才能把握。
有些英語被動需要把主語譯成漢語的賓語,這樣才能更加符合中文的表達習慣。如：New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past time.必須找到新的能源,這需要時間；而過去我們感覺到的那種能源價廉而充足的情況將不大可能再出現了。
六、英語多變化,漢語多重復
熟悉英語的人都知道,英語表達相同的意思時往往變換表達方式.第一次說「我認為」可以用「I think」,第二次再用「I think」顯然就很乏味,應該換成「I believe」或「I imagine」之類的表達。相比之下,漢語對變換表達方式的要求沒有英語那麼高,很多英語中的變化表達譯成重復表達就行了。如：The monkey's most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine,the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle.這只猴子最了不起的成就是學會駕駛拖拉機.到九歲的時候,這只猴子已經學會了單獨表演駕駛拖拉機了。
七、英語多抽象,漢語多詳細
做翻譯實踐較多的人都有這樣的體會：英文句子難譯主要難在結構復雜和表達抽象上.通過分析句子的結構,把長句變短句、從句變分句,結構上的難題往往迎刃而解.表達抽象則要求譯者吃透原文的意思、用詳細的中文進行表達,這往往具有更大的挑戰性。如：
disintegration 土崩瓦解；ardent 熱心的，熱情的；loyalty 赤膽忠心；total exhaustion 筋疲力盡；far-sightedness 遠見卓識；careful consideration 深思熟慮；perfect harmony 水乳交融；feed on fancies 畫餅充飢；with great eagerness 如飢似渴；lack of erseverance 三天打魚,兩天曬網；make a little contribution （捐款；捐助）添磚加瓦；on the verge of destruction 危在旦夕
從上面的例子不難看出,英語表達往往比較抽象,漢語則喜歡比較具體.我們再看一個翻譯：Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points whereas the planet can provide a comfortable support for all,people will have to accept more 「unnatural food.」除非人類終於意識到要把人口減少到這樣的程度：使地球能為所有人提供足夠的飲食,否則人們將不得不接受更多的「人造食品」。
八、英語多引申,漢語多推理
英語有兩句俗話：1. You know a word by the company it keeps.要知義如何,要害看詞伙；2. Words do not have meaning,but people have meaning for them.詞本無義,義隨人生。這說明詞典對詞的定義和解釋是死的,而實際運用中的語言是活的。從原文角度來說,這種活用是詞義和用法的引申,翻譯的時候要准確理解這種引申,譯者就需要進行推理。如：While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians,modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.盡管關於歷史的定義幾乎和歷史學家一樣多,現代實踐最符合這樣一種定義,即把歷史看作是對過去重大歷史事件的再現和解釋。
九、英語多省略,漢語多補充
英語一方面十分注意句子結構,另一方面又喜歡使用省略.英語省略的類型很多,著名詞的省略,動詞的省略,有句法方面的省略,也有情景方面的省略.在並列結構中,英語往往省略前面已出現過的詞語,而漢語則往往重復這些省略了的詞。如：Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as of evil.野心不僅是罪惡的根源,同時也是毀滅的根源。
Reading exercises one's eyes；Speaking,one's tongue； while writing,one's mind.閱讀訓練人的眼睛,說話訓練人的口齒,寫作訓練人的思維。
十、英語多前重心,漢語多後重心
在表達多邏輯思維時,英語往往是判定或結論等在前,事實或描寫等在後,即重心在前；漢語則是由因到果、由假設到推論、由事實到結論,即重心在後。比較：
I was all the more delighted when,as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.由於貴國政府的提議,才得以這樣快地重新實現訪問.這使我感到特殊興奮。
The assertion that it was difficult,if not impossible,for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic,social and cultural development was now scarcely contested. 假如一個民族不能自由地決定其政治地位,不能自由地保證其經濟、社會和文化的發展,要享受其基本權利,即使不是不可能,也是不輕易的.這一論斷幾乎是無可置辯的了。
⑧ 請問這句英語句子對不對有沒有什麼語法錯誤，句子結構對不對
這個句子是正確的，沒有語法錯誤。但是which引導的定語從句可以改為"a traditional festival",這樣更簡潔。
⑨ 關於英語的句子成分和語法問題
第一句 when + doing 的形式屬於分詞短語做狀語（這種狀語允許在前面加連詞when, if, after等），要求邏輯主語和句子主語一致。你之所以說從句和主句的主語不相同，是因為你考慮的主句主語是 the first factor，而when引導的狀語的邏輯主語是 undergraate students，但是如果你仔細看這個句子，就會發現其實它是多層結構：第一層主句是 The first factor ... is their intended career. 從that 開始的是一個定語從句，定語從句中又有 when 引導的狀語。所以從定語從句這個小范圍看，狀語的邏輯主語還是沒問題的。（把定語從句還原為陳述句，是 undergraate students should consider a factor when deciding...）我這么說你能理解吧？
第二句的確難以用常規語法解釋，但是也不難理解：it 就是形式主語，實際上的主語是 (the) time for university graates to decide their next step in life，因為這個主語很長，所以用形式主語代替，只不過語法書上一般列出來的是主語為從句、不定式或動名詞等情況，而這句話里的主語就是個名詞短語，僅僅因為太長就採用形式主語，只能說用得比較隨意，但是實際使用中，確實見過。我的建議是：如果這是閱讀題，可以理解為英語母語者比較自由的用法，畢竟是人家的語言，怎樣變化能接受，是他們說了算，也可以簡單記為「固定搭配」（即 when it come times for sth./ to do sth）；如果是你自己寫作，還是慎用這種看上去不合語法的結構，判卷的老師未必什麼用法都見過。
⑩ 有關英語句子結構
中學課本裡面學的是表語，
大概是不同的語法體系裡面有不同的結構
表語是predicative， 你這本書里就完全沒這個