Ⅰ 人教版七年級英語下冊重點短語總匯,語法總結。
人教版新目標英語七年級（下）各單元知識概要
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一、片語
be from= come form 來自...
pen pal=pen friend 筆友
like and dislike 好惡；愛憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 講英語
play sports 做體育運動
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
an action movie 一部動作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 對不起，打擾
get to 到達、抵達
beginning of 在...開始的時候
at the end of 在...結束的時候
arrive at /
二、句型
（1）、Where主 +be+主語＋from?
主語＋be+from+地點.
（2）、Where do/does+主語＋live?
主語＋live/lives in…
（3）、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語＋speak/speaks….
（4）、主語＋like/likes+doing…
三、日常交際用語
1－Where is your pen pal from?
－He』s from China.
2－Where does she live?
-－She lives in Tokyo.
3－Does she speak English?
－Yes,she does/No,she dosen』t.
4－Is that your new pen pal?
－Yes,he is /No,he isn』t.
5－What language does she speak?
－She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where』s the post office
一、片語
post office 郵局
pay phone 投幣式公用電話
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...對面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之間
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右邊／在左邊
on one』s right/left 在某人的右邊／左邊
turn right/left 向右／左轉
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得開心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的／乘計程車
go down(along)…沿著...走
go through...穿過...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It』s on Centre Street.
No,there isn』t.
(2)、Where』s the sumpermarket?
It』s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy後接名詞或動詞-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交際用語
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn』t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It』s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I』m sorry I don』t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地點? 句型.例如：
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地點?句型.例如：
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地點？句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、片語
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
kind of 有幾分\種類
a kind of 一種…
…years old …年齡 如：ten years old 十歲
like to do sth 喜歡做某事
like doing sth
play with … 與...一起玩
be quiet 安靜
ring the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一個...另一個...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they』re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交際用語
(1)、-Let』s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don』t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名詞的復數.表示沒有特定的數量范圍
the other+名詞的復數表示有特定的數量范圍.
(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、片語
want to be+職業 想要成為。。。
shop assistant 店員
bank clerk 銀行職員
work with 與。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 為。。。而工作
work as 作為。。而工作
get.. from…從。。。獲得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物給某人
正確的表示：give it/them to sb.
錯誤的表示：give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜間
talk to /with 與…講話
go out to dinners 外出吃飯
in a hospital 在醫院
newspaper reporter 報社記者
movie actor 電影演員
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例：-What do you do?-I』m a student.
-What dose he do? He』s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例：What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn』t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn』t
(6)－英語中詢問職業的幾種表達方式：
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What』s one』s job?例：What』s your father』s job?
Unit 5 I』m watching TV.
一、片語
do homework 做家庭作業
watch TV 看電視
eat dinner 吃飯；就餐
clean the room 打掃房間
read newspaper/a book 看報紙／看書
go to the movies 看電影
write a letter 寫信
wait for 等待；等候
talk about 談論。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打籃球／踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 電視節目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在學校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在樹上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主語+doing? ….正在做什麼？
-主語＋be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例： －what are you doing?
-I』m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 為。。。而感謝
例：Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例：Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交際用語
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let』s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What』s he waiting for?-He』s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What』s he reading? He』s reading a newspaper.
1)現在在進行時的形式是：
助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式（也叫現在分詞），表示現在（說話的瞬間）正在進行或發生的動作。
2)現在進行時的肯定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現在分詞+其他
I』m watching TV.
3)現在進行時的否定句形式
主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現在分詞+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)現在進行時的一般疑問句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現在分詞+其他?
Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn』t/aren』t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 現在進行時的特殊疑問句形式:
特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現在分詞+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 動詞+ing形式(現在分詞)的構成.
1一般情況下在動詞詞結尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不發音的母音字母e結尾的動詞,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3詞尾如果是以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞.應該先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
Unit 6 It』s raning!
一、片語
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海邊
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球
be surprised 驚訝的
be surprised at sth./sb.對某人或某人感到驚訝
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放鬆
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由於（做）某事而感謝某人
How』s it going? 近況如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起來像。。。
二、句型／日常交際用語
(1)-How』s the weather(+地點)? –It』s raining?
(2)-What』s the weather like?—It』s sunny./It』s cold and snowing.
(3)-How』s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV』s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn』t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、片語
look like 看起來像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直發
medium height/build 中等高度／身體
a little bit 一點兒…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼鏡
have a new look 呈現新面貌
go shopping 去購物
the captain of the basketball team 籃球隊隊長
Nobody knows me 沒有人認識我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He』s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don』t think he』s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I』m tall.I』m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在乾的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I』d like some noodles.
1.片語
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什麼尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 綠茶
phone number 電話號碼
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的種類
a kind of 一種…
some kind of 許多種…
a bowl of rice 一碗米飯
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三個桔子(可數)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可數)
some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數)
three chickens 三隻小雞(可數)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like mplings,I don』t lkee noodles.
三\日常交際用語
(1)—Can I help you?
--I』d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I』d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like後面還可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
Unit 9 How was your weekend?
一、片語
do one』s homework 做某人的家庭作業
如：do my homework 做我的家庭作業
play +運動或棋類
如：play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋
play +樂器 如：play the guitar 彈吉他
go to the movies 去看電影
do some reading 閱讀
study for the (math) test 准備（數學）考試
stay at home 呆家裡
go to summer camp 去夏令營
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜訪某人
go shopping 去購物
last month 上個月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 尋找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上／在下午／在晚上
play computer games 玩電腦游戲
It was time to do sth 該。。。的時候了
二、句型
（1）I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般過去時態
一般過去時態表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,動詞通常用一般過去式來表示,除動詞be的過去式was/were有人稱變化,其他都沒人稱的變化.
過去式的構成
(1) 一般情況下在動詞詞尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 詞尾是e的動詞加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一個母音字母加一個輔音結尾的重讀閉章節應雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞,要將y改為i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不規則動詞的過去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、片語
ptetty good 相當好；不錯
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有點無聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高興
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公園
the Great Wall 長城
the Palace Museum 故宮
Tian』an Men Square 天安門廣場
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示「愉快地做某事」，「做某事很有趣」
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.幫助某人做某事（to可省）
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬動) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.發現某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.發現某人做某事（整個過程）
Unit 11 What do you think of game shows?
一、片語
talk show 談話節目
soap opera 肥皂劇
sports show 體育節目
game show 比賽節目
think of 認為
how about… …怎麼樣？＝what about…
in fact 事實上
a thirteen-year-old boy 一個十三歲的男孩＝ The boy is thirteen years old
talk to(with)… 跟 …談話
thanks for… 為…感謝
each student 每個學生
key ring 鑰匙鏈
baseball cap 棒球帽
the school magazine 校刊
can』t stand 不能忍受
don』t mind 不介意／無所謂／不在乎
二、句型
(1)—What do you think of situation comedy?
-- I love them
(2)—I asked students about fashion.
(3)—This is what I think.
(4)--I don』t mind what young people think of me!
(5)—Can you please put my letter in next month』s magazine?
三、日常交際用語
(1)—What do you think of suop operas?
--- I love them/I don』t mind them/I can』t stand them/I don』t like.
(2)—How about you? ---I do.too.
(3)--What do you think of …?
--=How do you like…?
如：What do you think of the picture?
=How do you like the picture?
Unit 12 Don』t eat in class.
一、片語
school rules 學校規章制度
break the rules 違反規章制度
in the hallways 在過道
listen to music 聽音樂
in the music room 在音樂教室里
in the dining hall 在餐廳
sports shoes 運動鞋
gym class 體育課
after school 放學後
have to do 不得不做
too many 太多
get up 起床
by ten o』clock 十點之前
make dinner 做飯
the children』s palace 少年宮
二、句型
(1)—Don』t arrive late for class.
(2)—We can』t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside.
(3)—What else do you have to do?
-- We have to clean the classroom.
(4)--Can we wear hats in school?
--Yes,we can/ No,we can』t.
(5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school?
-Yes,we do /No,we don』t.
重難點精析
祈使句
通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構成通常有以下幾種形式。
1)Be型（即系動詞原型be+表語＋其他）。
如：Be quiet,please.
否定句Don』t + be+表語+其他。
如：Don』t be angry.
2)Do型（即系動詞原形＋賓語＋其他）。如：
Open you books,please.
否定句Don』t +實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。
如：Don』t eat in the classroom.
3)Let型（即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他）如：
Let me help you.
Let』s go at six o』clock.
否定句一般在賓語後加not。如：
Let』 not watch TV.
4)No+V-ing型（此種形式通常用於公共場合的提示語中，意為「禁止做某事「）如：
No smoking! 嚴禁吸煙！
No talking! 不許交談！
No passing! 禁止通行！
No parking! 不許停車
Ⅱ 初二全部英語短語 語法用法
. For the last ~ years, I have beenand still am a / an ~。
Ⅲ 人教版初中英語重點語法和重點短語和句子總結
你可以買一本5。3上面都有 至於我一一總結幾乎不可能！太多了 不過我可以給你一些短語 這是極限了！！希望採納A) 動詞 + 介詞 agree with 同意......的意見(想法)；符合 base on 以......(為)根據 listen to 聽...... get to 到達...... fall off (從......)掉下 help ... with ... 幫助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on 敲(門、窗) laugh at 嘲笑 learn ... from ... 向......學習 live on 繼續存在；靠......生活 look after 照顧，照看 look at 看；觀看 look for 尋找 look like 看起來像 pay for (sth.) 付錢；支付 point at 指示；指向 point to 指向...... prefer to ... 寧願(選擇); 更喜歡 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ... 把......當作......；當作 stop ... from 阻止......做...... talk about 說話；談話；談論 talk with 與......交談 think about 考慮 think of 認為；想起 B) 動詞 + 副詞 ask for 請求；詢問 carry on 堅持下去；繼續下去 cut down 砍倒 clean up 清除；收拾干凈 come down 下來；落 come along 來；隨同 come in 進來 come on 來吧；跟著來；趕快 come out 出來 ；出現；(花) 開；發(芽) come over 過來；順便來訪 drop off 放下(某物)；下車 eat up 吃光；吃完 fall behind 落在......後面；輸給別人 fall down 跌倒；從......落下 find out 查出（真相） get back 回來；取回 get down 下來；落下；把......取下來 get off 下來；從......下來 get on 上(車) get up 起床 give up 放棄 go on 繼續 go out 出去 go over 過一遍；仔細檢查 grow up 長大；成長 hand in 交上來 hold on (口語)等一等； (打電話時)不掛斷 hurry up 趕快 look out 留神；注意 look over (仔細)檢查 look up 向上看；抬頭看 pass on 傳遞；轉移到...... pick up 拾起；撿起 put away 放好；把......收起來 put on 穿上；戴上；(戲劇等)上演；放(唱片等) put down 把(某物) 放下來 put up 掛起；舉起 run away 流失；逃跑；逃走 rush out 沖出去 set off 出發；動身；啟程 send up 發射；把......往上送 shut down 把......關上 sit down 坐下 slow down 減緩；減速 take off 脫掉（衣服） take out 取出 throw about 亂丟；拋撒 trip over (被 ......)絆倒 try on 試穿 (衣服、鞋等)；試戴(帽子等) try out 試驗；嘗試 turn down 關小；調低 turn on 打開(電燈、收音機、煤氣、自來水等) turn off 關(電燈、收音機、煤氣、自來水等) turn over （使）翻過來 wake up 醒來 wear out 把......穿舊；磨壞 work out 算出；制訂出 write down 寫下...... C) be + 形容詞 + 介詞 be angry with 對(某人)發脾氣 be interested in對......感興趣 be able to 能；會 be afraid of 害怕 be amazed at 對......感到驚訝 be excited about 對......感到興奮 be filled with 用......充滿 be full of 充滿 ......的 be good at (= do well in ) 在......方面做得好；善於 be late for 遲到 be made in 在......生產或製造 be made of 由......組成 ；由......構成 be pleased with 對......感到滿意 be proud of 以......自豪(高興) be used for 用於 D) 動詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 beg one\'s pardon 請原諒；對不起 do morning exercises 做早操 do one\'s homework 做作業 enjoy oneself (= have a good time) 過得快樂；玩得愉快 give a concert 開音樂會 go boating 去劃船 go fishing 去釣魚 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping (去)買東西 have a cold (患)感冒 have a cough (患)咳嗽 have a headache (患)頭痛 have a try 嘗試；努力 have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息 have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐；坐下 have sports 進行體育活動 have supper 吃晚餐 hear of 聽說 hold a sports meeting 舉行運動會 make a decision 作出決定 make a mistake 犯錯誤 make a noise 吵鬧 make faces 做鬼臉 make friends 交朋友 make money 賺錢 take one\'s place 坐某人的座位；代替某人的職務 teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自學 take photos 照相 take time 花費(時間) take turns 輪流 watch TV 看電視 E) 動詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 / 副詞 + 介詞 catch up with 趕上 come up with 找到；提出(答案、解決辦法等) get on well with與......相處融洽 give birth to 生(孩子) help yourself / yourselves to 自取；隨便吃 make room for 給......騰出地方 play a joke on 戲弄人；對人惡作劇 speak highly of 稱贊 say good bye to 告別；告辭 take an active part in 積極參加 take care of 照顧；照料；注意 F) 其他類型 be awake 醒著的 be born 出生 be busy doing 忙著做...... come true 實現 do one\'s best 盡最大努力 fall asleep 睡覺；入睡 go home 回家 go on doing (sth.) 繼續做某事 ；盡力 get married 結婚 get together 相聚 go straight along 沿著......一直往前走 had better (do) 最好(做......) keep doing sth. 一直做某事 make sure 確保；確認；查明 make up one\'s mind 下決心
Ⅳ 英語語法中的短語
有一些固定搭配還是很有必要需要記住的，學英語需要耐心，毅力，好的記憶力不是一蹴而就的，多讀多背，培養語感。
Ⅳ 人教版高中英語語法 短語總結
英語語法口訣13條
1、英語的詞類
句子要由片語成，
英語詞類有十種：
句中成分用實詞，
名、代、動、副、數、形容：
冠、介、連詞和感嘆，
虛詞附加或溝通。
詞類功能掌握了，
造句之時好運用。
2、語序歌
主、謂、賓、表同漢語，
定語有同也有異。
狀語位置更特殊，
不能全和漢語比。
3、肯定句變一般疑問句
have和be提句首，
其它助詞Do開頭。
時間、人稱由do變，
動詞只把原形留。
謂語助詞有幾個，
第一助詞提句首。
4、肯定句變否定句
否定詞語加not，
放在be和have後。
其它要加動詞do，
do的後面加not，
時間、人稱由do變，
動詞原形總保留。
謂語若是助詞多，
not緊跟第一個。
5、名詞的所有格
名詞只變數，
不分主賓格。
人和動物類，
可變所有格。
撇（』）後加s，
相當漢語「的」。
時間、距離等，
也變所有格。
6、名詞變復數
單數變為復數式，
加上「s」統言之。
下列結尾名詞後，
要加「s」先加「e」：
發音[∫][t∫][s]和[z]，
或是輔音加「o」時。
有些名詞變復數，
詞尾變化要注意：
「y」前字母是輔音，
一律變「y」為「ie」；
遇到「f/fe」，
有時需要變「ve」
少數名詞不規則，
特別情況靠硬記。
7、時間名詞前所有介詞的速記
年月周前要用in，
日子前面卻不行。
遇到幾號要用「on」，
上午下午又是「in」。
要說某日上下午，
用on換in才能行。
午夜黃昏用at，
黎明用它也不錯。
at也在時分前，
說「差」用to，
說「過」要用past。
8、介詞用法歌
介詞加賓語，
才能有實意。
表、定、狀、賓、補，
片語在句里。
9、介詞順口溜
in 在……里，
out在……外，
在旁邊的是beside，
靠近的為by。
on在……上，
under在……下，
above在上頭，
below在底下。
10、be的用法歌
動詞be，變化大，
「I」用「am」「You」用「are」
Is用於它（it）、他（he）、她（she）
復數一定要用「are」，
切莫用錯鬧笑話。
11、動詞的時態
四種時間各四式，
聯想對比便於記。
時間現在和過去，
各自還有將來時。
一般、完成、進行式，
完成進行是四式。
四四共有十六種，
看來復雜掌握易；
除去have/be以外，
動詞變化有規律。
12、動詞形式的變化
動詞根本是原形，
變化形式有四種：
原形詞尾加「s」，
現在第三單人稱；
過去原形加「ed」，
過去分詞也相同；
原形加上「ing」，
現在分詞或動名。
原形詞尾加「s」，
如同名詞復數式。
若加「ed/ing」，
以下情況要注意：
詞尾有ie只加d，
Ing去掉無聲e；
詞尾ie變成y，
然後再加ing；
輔音之後y結尾，
Y要變i加ed；
現在分詞不變y，
直接加上ing；
詞尾重讀閉音節，
結尾輔音都雙寫，
r做結尾也一樣，
重讀音節r雙寫；
結尾字母若是「t」，
不是重讀也雙寫。
過去分詞過去式，
不按規則也有些。
13、動詞不定式不帶to的動詞
四看（notice，observe，see，watch），
三使役（have，let，make），
二聽(hear，listen to)，
一感覺（feel）。
按：在上述動詞後做賓語補語用的不定式不帶to。
Ⅵ 初中英語總結.和所有重點及短語 單詞 語法
由動詞開頭構成的短語、片語很多。復習時應分類處理：
一、動詞+介詞
1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…
2．listen to…聽……
3．welcome to…歡迎到……
4．say hello to …向……問好
5．speak to…對……說話
此類短語相當於及物動詞，其後必須帶賓語，但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之後。
二、動詞+副詞
「動詞+副詞」所構成的短語義分為兩類：
A．動詞（vt.）+副詞
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脫下 3．write down記下
此類短語可以帶賓語，賓語若是名詞，放在副詞前後皆可；賓語若是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面。
B．動詞（vi）+副詞。
1．come on趕快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in進來 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此類短語屬於不及物動詞，不可以帶賓語。
三、其它類動詞片語
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介詞短語聚焦]
「介詞+名詞/代詞」所構成的短語稱為介詞短語。現將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語按用法進行歸類。
1．in+語言/顏色/衣帽等，表示使用某種語言或穿著……。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示「在……排/隊/班級/年級」等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示「在上午/下午/傍晚」等一段時間。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示「在書桌/鉛筆盒/卧室里」。
5．in the tree表示「在樹上 (非樹本身所有)」；on the tree表示「在樹上(為樹本身所有)」。
6．in the wall表示「在牆上（凹陷進去）」；on the wall表示「在牆上（指牆的表面）」。
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上學）/at home（在家）應注意此類短語中無the。
8．at + 時刻表示鍾點。
9．like this/that表示方式，意為「像……這/那樣」。
10．of短語表示所屬關系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等，表示方位、處所。
12．from與to多表示方向，前者意為「從……」，後者意為「到……」。
另外，以下這些短語也必須掌握。如：on ty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one』s bike等。
[重點句型大回放]
1．I think…意為「我認為……」，是對某人或某事的看法或態度的一種句型。其否定式常用I don』t think…，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意為「把……給……」，動詞give之後可接雙賓語，可用這兩種句型；若指物的賓語是人稱代詞時，則只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to…意為「把……(送)帶到……」，後常接地點，也可接人。
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意為「一個是……；另一個是……」，必須是兩者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意為「讓某人做某事」，人後應用不帶to的動詞不定式，其否定式為Don』t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let』s 與Let us的含義不完全相同，前者包括聽者在內，後者不包括聽者在內，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意為「幫助某人做某事」，前者用不定式作賓補，後者用介詞短語作賓補，二者可以互換.
7．What about…？/How about…？意為「……怎麼樣？」是用來詢問或徵求對方的觀點、意見、看法等。about為介詞，其後須接名詞、代詞或V-ing等形式。
8．It』s time to do…/ It』s time for sth. 意為「該做……的時間了」，其中to後須接原形動詞，for後可接名詞或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意為「喜歡做某事」， 前一種句型側重具體的一次性的動作；後一種句型側重習慣性的動作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意為「讓某人(不要)做某事」，其中ask sb.後應接動詞不定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意為「把某物給某人看」，該句型的用法同前面第2點。
12．introce sb. to sb. 意為「把某人介紹給另一人」；introce to sb.則是「向某人作介紹」。
[重點短語快速復習]
1.kinds of 各種各樣的
2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中國清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones'way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的盡頭，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及時
13. make one』s way to…往……（艱難地）走去
14. just then 正在那時
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走錯路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵鬧，喧嘩
19. get on 上車
20. get off 下車
21. stand in line 站隊
22. waiting room 候診室，候車室
23. at the head of……在……的前頭
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 亂丟，拋散
26. in fact 實際上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one』s temperature 給某人體溫
31. have/get a pain in…某處疼痛
32. have a headache 頭痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反復地
38. wake up 醒來，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 檢查
41. take exercise運動
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按時
45. out of從……向外
46. all by oneself 獨立，單獨
47. lots of=a lot of 許多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回來，取回
50. sooner or later遲早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追趕
54. take sth. with sb. 某人隨身帶著某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顧，照料
56. think of 考慮到，想起
57. keep a diary 堅持寫日記
58. leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下
59. harder and harder 越來越厲害
60. turn on打開（電燈、收音機、煤氣等）
61. turn off 關
[重溫重點句型]
1．So + be／助動詞／情態動詞＋主語．
前面陳述的肯定情況也適於另一人（物）時，常用到這種倒裝結構，表示「另一人（物）也如此。」前面陳述的否定情況也適於另一人（物）時，常用「Neither/ Nor + be／助動詞／情態動詞+主語．」這種倒裝結構。
注意：「So+主語+be／助動詞／情態動詞．」這一句型常用於表示贊同，進一步肯定對方的看法，表示「的確如此。」「是呀。」
neither...nor... , both...and... , either...or... , not only...but also...等句型要遵循相鄰原則。
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…crossing.
這一指路的句型意為「在第一／二／……個十字路口向右／左拐。」相當於Take the first ／second／…turning on theright／left.
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．
此句型表示「干某事花了某人一段時間。」其中的it是形式主語，後面的動詞不定式（短語）才是真正的主語.
就等於spent time on sth / spent time in doing sth
4．…think／find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式賓語，不可用其它代詞替代，形容詞作賓語的補足語，後面的動詞不定式（短語）才是真正的賓語。
5．What』s wrong with…？
此句型相當於What』s the matter/ trouble with…？後跟某物作賓語時，意為「某物出什麼毛病了？」後跟某人作賓語時，意為「某人怎麼了？」
6．too…to…
在so…that…復合句中，that後的句子是否定句時，常與簡單句too…to…（太……而不能……）進行句型轉換。
在so…that…復合句中，that後的句子是肯定句時，常與簡單句…enough to…進行句型轉換.
7．Sorry to hear that.
全句應為I』m sorry to hear that. 意為「聽到此事我很難過（遺憾）。」常用於對別人的不幸表示同情、遺憾之意。
[重點句型、片語大盤點]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她過去是一位漢語老師。
[用法] used to + 動詞原形，表示過去經常性的動作或存在的狀態，含有現在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn』t to do或didn』t use to do.
[比較] used to do sth. 過去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 習慣於做某事；be used to do sth. 被用來做某事。
2.…return it sooner or later.
……遲早要將它歸還。
[用法] l)sooner or later意為「遲早」、「早晚」。
2)return此處用作及物動詞，意為「歸還」，相當於give back.
[拓展]return還可用作不及物動詞，意為「返回」，相當於go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like…無論天氣……
[用法]no matter what 相當於whatever，其意為「無論什麼」，引導狀語從句。
[拓展]類似no matter what的表達方式還有：
no matter when無論什麼時候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where無論什麼地方
no matter who無論誰
no matter how 無論怎麼樣
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年經人與格林先生練習講英語。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示「實踐、練習（做）某事」。
[拓展]practice名詞，「實踐」、「實施」、「練習」；put a plan into practice實行某計劃。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓勵大家參加保護我們的湖泊、河流和海洋的活動。
[用法]1)encourage用作動詞，意思是「鼓勵」、「支持」。
2)take part in「參加」，常表示參加活動。
3)protect 是動詞，表示「防禦」、「保護」。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓勵或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵襲或傷害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人們當心水裡的鯊魚。
[用法] warn用作動詞，意思是「警告」、「警戒」。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that從句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告誡某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告誡某人當心某事/不要做某事
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one』s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one』s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one』s hair do a good deed do wrong
1.弄清詞語自身結構用法學生做題時往往僅限於依據詞語的中文含義，簡單對照。這樣就造成了許多中文正確,而英語結構上的錯誤。如「允許某人干某事」，allow sb to do sth，而不可用做agree sb to do sth.「同意干某事」說allow doing sth.而agree卻應為agree to do sth.再如:「希望某人去干某事」expect sb to do sth.不可說為hopesbtodosth.「建議某人去干某事」,說advise sb to do.就不可說是suggest sb to do sth.這是根據動詞自身的基本用法而決定的。這些更需要學習中不斷積累。
下面是一些常用動詞的不同結構用法：
A.以下動詞與不定式連用即afford to do sth .afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,
help,
hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wish
B.以下動詞與動名詞連用即admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,can』t help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,
order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest
C.以下動詞與不定式復合結構連用即advise sb to do sth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,
long for,need,oblige,permit,persuade,prefer,remind,request,require,suppose,waitfor,warn,etc.let,have,make,(使役動詞後的不定式去掉to)see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel(感官動詞後的不定式去掉to)
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one』s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one』s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one』s hair do a good deed do wrong