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英語表命令的語法

發布時間:2021-01-12 04:56:16

① 英語語法

照公式處理!被動語態從本質上講是一種系表結構,括弧里就填個ARE!

② 英語共計多少種語法全部的,多少種詞。

一共16個時態,分別是:

1、一般現在時 。

2、一般過去時 。

3、一般將來時。

4、一般過去將來時。

5、現在進行時 。

6、過去進行時 。

7、將來進行時 。

8、過去將來進行時。

9、現在完成時 。

10、過去完成時 。

11、將來完成時 。

12、過去將來完成時。

13、現在完成進行時 。

14、過去完成進行時 。

15、將來完成進行時 。

16、過去將來完成進行時。

(2)英語表命令的語法擴展閱讀

英語測試

英國:國際英語測試系統(IELTS,International English Language Testing System,雅思),劍橋英文認證(Cambridge Main Suit),劍橋商務英語(Cambridge Business EnglishCertificate)。

美國:托福(TOEFL),機考托福(CBT;逐漸廢除),網考托福(iBT),托業(TOEIC,商用英文考試),英語口語水平測試(TSE)。

中國大陸:,大學英語考試(CET),大學英語四級考試(CET-4),大學英語六級考試(CET-6),高等學校英語專業考試(TEM),英語專業四級考試(TEM-4),英語專業八級考試(TEM-8),英語等級考試(PETS)。

中國台灣:全民英語能力分級檢定測驗(GEPT)。

③ 英語語法大全

初一英語語法用法復習大全
時間: 2008年11月13日 作者: 來源:網路

1. 形容詞的用法:
形容詞用以修飾名詞,表示人或事物的特徵。在句中可以作定語、表語,用於限定被修飾語的特徵,如長短、大小、重量、顏色、高矮、胖瘦、新舊等,。
,「限定詞」包括:冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、或數詞,它位於各類形容詞前。它本身分為三位,即:前、中、後。前位限定詞有all、half、both、分數和倍數;中位限定詞有冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞等;後位限定詞有基數詞和序數詞,但序數詞位於基數詞前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。「描繪」性形容詞如:beautiful、bad、cold、great等。「大長高」表示大小、長短、高低等一些詞。表示「形狀」的詞如:round square等。「國籍」指一個國家或地區的詞。「材料」的詞如:wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。「作用類別」的詞如:medical, college,writing desk,police car等。
The little girl is very pretty. 這個小女孩很好看。
--I want that one. 我想要那個。
--Which one? 哪一個?
--The new blue one. 那個藍色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那個大的漂亮的嗎?
2、人稱代詞:
是用來表示人的代詞,有單數和負數之分,有主格和賓格之分。人稱代詞的主格在句中作主語;人稱代詞的賓格在句中作賓語,是作動詞或介詞的賓語。
主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主語
賓格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作賓語
He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一個班級。
Can you see them in the street? 你能看見他們在街上嗎?
3、可數名詞和不可數名詞
英語中名詞分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。凡是可數計數的名詞叫做可數名詞;凡是不可以計數的名詞叫做不可數名詞。
(1)可數名詞分為單數和復數兩種形式。可數名詞前可以用不定冠詞、數詞或some many等修飾。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)不可數名詞沒有復數形式,前面不能用不定冠詞、數詞或many等詞語修飾,但可以用some a little much等詞語來修飾。有時可以與一些量詞短語搭配,這些量詞短語中的名詞一般是可數的,有單數形式,也可以有復數形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
4、祈使句
祈使句用來表示請求、命令等,句中沒有主語,肯定形式由謂語或者謂語+賓語(+賓語補足語)構成,否定形式則在句前加Don』t.
Stand up, please. 請起立。
Don』t worry. 別擔心。
can的用法:
can是情態動詞,表示「能,會,可以,被允許等」,其後接動詞原形,否定形式為cannot,可縮寫為can』t.
She can speak Japanese. 她會講日語。
I can』t remember his name. 我不記得他的名字了。
Can you spell your name? 你會拼寫你的名字嗎?
5、現在進行時態:
概念:表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作,也可以表示目前一段時間內或現階段正在進行的活動。
結構:由be動詞(am, is, are) + 動詞ing構成,其中be動詞要與主語保持性數一致。
Mary is flying a kite in the park. 瑪麗正在公園里放風箏。
--What are you doing now?你現在在干什麼?
--I』m reading English. 我正在讀英語。
Are they drawing the pictures now?他們正在畫畫嗎?
動詞現在分詞是動詞原形變化而來的,規則變化如下:
動詞ing形式叫動詞現在分詞,其構成如下:
1) 直接在動詞後加ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing
2) 以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞,先去e,再加ing
make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3) 以重讀閉音節結尾的動詞且詞尾只有一個輔音字母,應雙寫這個輔音字母,再加ing
run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming
注意對現在進行時態的判斷。判斷一個英語句子用什麼時態,主要看句子的時間狀語,一般說來,每種時態都有與之相對應的時間狀語。現在進行時表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發生的動作。因此,這個時態最常用的時間狀語是now;但有不少句子並沒有now,只能通過提示語如look、listen等或者通過上下文來確定用現在進行時。
She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打掃房間。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那個女孩在那裡跳舞。
--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我們一起做游戲嗎?
--Can』t you see I am doing my homework? 你沒看見我正在做作業嗎?
6、have/ has的用法:
1) 謂語動詞have表示「有」,有兩種形式:have和has,前者用於第一人稱(I, we),第二人稱(you)和第三人稱復數(they),後者用於第三人稱單數(he, she, it)或單數名詞。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一個蘋果,他有兩個香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你們有了一個新的英語老師。
It has two big eyes. 它有一雙大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和傑克有一輛好看的車。
2) have/has句型與there be句型的比較:兩者都表示「有」,但用法不同。前者表示所屬關系,即表示「某人或某物有什麼」,而後者表示存在,表示「某地有什麼」。
They have some new books. 他們有一些新書。
There are some new books on their desks. 他們桌子上有一些新書。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。

④ 誰能幫我列一張英語語法表出來

簡單的:
讓某人做某事:let sb do sth
make sb do sth
get sb to do sth
help的幾種用法:help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事
can't help doing 情不自禁做某事
can't help do sth不能幫忙做某事

詳細的:
習慣接 sb do sth 的動詞(不帶to)
1 表示「感官」:hear, listen to, look at, see, observe, watch, notice, feel
2 表示「使役」:have, let, make

習慣接 sb to do sth 的動詞(帶to )
1 表示「要求、請求、懇求、希望、邀請」:ask, beg, desire, invite, pray, request, want, wish
2 讓、要、迫使、命令、吩咐、指示:cause, charge, direct, get, instruct, leave, oblige, order, press
3 建議、勸告、說服、告訴:advise, recommend, tell

習慣接 sb. doing sth 的詞
1 catch sb doing sth 表示「碰上、撞上某人干某事」
2 discover sb doing sth. 表示「發現某人做某事」
3 notice sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
4 see sb doing sth 看見某人做某事
5 look at sb doing sth 看著某人做某事
6 watch sb doing sth 觀看某人做某事
7 observe sb doing sth 看見某人做某事
8 feel sb doing sth 感覺到某人作某事
9 hear sb doing sth 聽見某人作某事
10 listen to sb doing sth 聽某人作某事
11 bring sb doing sth 引起某人做某事
12 stop sb doing sth. 組織某人干某事
13 prevent sb doing sth 組織某人干某事
14 keep sb doing sth 使某人連續作某事
15 have sb doing sth 讓某人做某事
16 send sb doing sth. 使得(引起)某人做某事
17 set sb doing sth 使(引起)某人做某事
18 start sb doing sth 引起某人做某事

習慣接 doing sth 的詞(不接 to do sth)
1.表示「避免、迴避、逃避、免得」的詞 avoid, escape, miss, save 等等
2.表示「建議、提議、提倡」的詞
advise, recommend, suggest
3. 表示「阻止、禁止」的詞
discourage, forbid, prevent, prohibit 等等
4. 表示「停滯、中止、放棄」的動詞或動詞短語
discontinue, give up, leave off, quit, stop
5. 表示「推遲」的動詞或動詞短語。
delay, hold off, put off, postpone
6. 表示「承認、否認」的詞
admit, acknowledge, deny
7. 表示「回憶,回想,報道,提到」的動詞
recall, mention, report
8. 表示「喜愛、愛好、樂於、不願、不喜歡、痛恨」的動詞
appreciate, dislike, enjoy, resent(痛恨)
9 其他詞
consider, doubt, excuse, finish, can』t help, can』t resist, can』t stick, imagine, involve, keep, mind, overlook(忽略), practise, risk 等等

習慣接 to doing sth 的動詞
admit, contribute, see(留神), witness(作證),be used to doing(習慣)等等 .

希望可以有助與你理請思路!

⑤ 英語語法總結,所有的

一、非謂語動詞

「非謂語動詞」可分為動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞。它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作謂語外,它可以充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語與復合賓語(主語補語或賓語補語)。有些及物動詞後面接不帶to的不定式作復合賓語。這些動詞歸納如下:一感(feel).二聽(hear,listen to),三讓(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美國英語look at somebody do somthing。還有「二讓」屬特殊:get somebody to do something 與keep somebody doing。而有些及物動詞後面接動名詞(the -ing form)作賓語。這些動詞歸納為一句話:Papa C makes friends。這是由如下動詞的開頭字母組成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受)。 為了容易記住,也可以編成順口溜:「允許完成練習,建議避免冒險,考慮延期逃跑,喜歡保持想像,需要反對忍受」。其相對應的動詞依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can』t stand。

二、復合句

1、學生最容易混淆的是定語從句與同位語從句的區別。

例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位語從句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定語從句)

關鍵的區別在於連接或關系代詞that:有意義的是定語, 無意義的是同位。因為引導定語從句的that在從句中作主語或 賓語,而引導同位語從句的that只起到連接詞的作用。

2、接著容易混淆的是引導定語從句的關系代詞that與 which:that之前是不定(代詞)、序數(詞)、(形容詞)最高級:which之前是介詞短語與逗號(非限制性)。

例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外,還可以作形式主語。而真正的主語(不定式、動名詞或從句)則放於謂語或表語之後。

例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少數表語之後接動名詞作真正的主語。這些表語是:無助(no help)、無用(no use)、沒好處(no good);工作(hard work)、費時(a waste of time)、又危險(a danger)。

例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.

2、It還可以作形式賓語。通常下列動詞後面可接it作形式賓語:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make)。

例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用於強調句式。要強調句子的某一部分(主語、賓語、 狀語),可以把it當作先行詞。這種句子的結構是:It is(was)+ 被強調部分+that(who)+句子的其餘部分。

例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(強調主語)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(強調狀語)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)

但要注意與定語從句的區別。
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定語從句)

在強調句式里,我們把強調結構It is(was)…that除去,句子還很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。

四、倒裝結構

學生容易混淆的是全部倒裝與部分倒裝。如何區分之,編個順口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒裝,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助動,讓步狀語倒表語;復合句式倒主句,不
倒裝的屬特殊。下面舉例說明:

A、Here comes the bus.(副詞提前,全倒裝)
B、Here he comes.(代詞作主語,不倒裝)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介詞短語提前,全倒裝)
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定詞提前,部分倒裝)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(讓步狀語從句,表語倒裝)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修飾狀語,主句倒裝)
G、Only he can save the patient.(only修飾主語.不倒裝)
H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定詞提前,部分倒裝)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(連接兩個主語,不倒裝)

五、虛擬語氣

虛擬語氣也是一個難點。所謂虛擬語氣是表示說話人的願望、假設、猜測或建議,而不表示客觀存在的事實。它通過句子的謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。現歸納如下:純假設,用虛擬,動詞時態退一級:條件句,分主從,主句謂語前加would (should,could,might);表願望,用虛擬,wish後面接賓語(從句):現在過去與將來,動詞時態退一級:提建議,用虛擬,賓語(從句)動詞用(should)do:倆建議,三要求,再加堅持與命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,後接叢句用虛擬:部分主語從句中, 謂語用虛擬結構 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面舉例說明:

A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (條件句虛擬)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示願望虛擬)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建議虛擬)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊從句虛擬)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主語從句虛擬)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊從句虛擬)

⑥ 英語語法 詳細一點的

這是很大一部分的語法知識,其餘的建議看相關的書籍!
1. 現在一般時與現在完成時
1) I come from Shanghai(上海人)
I have come from Shanghai(從上海來)
2) You read very well. (強調能力)
You've read very well. (強調一次剛完成的動作)
3) I forget.(一時想不起來了)
I have forgotten.(仍沒想起來,可能已回憶起來了)
4) The book is written in simple English. (表狀態)
The book has been written in simple English.(表動態,已用英語寫成)
5) Every time I see him, he's been reading. (兩個動作不可能同時進行)Every time I have seen him, he's been reading. (強調兩個動作同時進行)
6) He is gone. (強調狀態)He has gone (強調動作和時間)
7) He won't come till the play begins. (演出開始時)
He won't come till the play has begun.(戲已開始)
8) After I leave school, I'll go to college. (兩個動作緊密相接)
After I have left school, I'll go to college.(強調畢業後,兩個動作可能有間隔)
9) It is a long time since I saw you last. It's been a long time since I saw you last.(這兩句話一樣,後一句是美國英語)
10) Where are you? (在哪)Where have you been?(去了哪)

2. 現在一般時與現在進行時
1) He works hard.(強調始終如一)He is working hard.(強調現在)
2) What do you do? (干什麼工作的)What are you doing?(在干什麼)
3) Here comes the bus! (表高興和欣慰)
The bus is coming.(汽車到來的情景)
4) I forget him name. I'm forgetting his name.(差點把他的名字忘了)
5) You don't eat much. (強調胃口不大)
You're not eating much.(你怎麼不吃呀)
6) The match starts at 7 o'clock. (比較固定,不宜改變)
The match is starting at 7 o'clock.(可以改變)
7) Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.(表示不滿,責備)
8)Tom goes to college now.
Tom is going to college now.(這兩句區別不大,後者更生動)
9) I tell you.(我可以告訴你)
I'm telling you.(我告訴你吧,有感情色彩)
10) He always sleeps in the afternoon.
He is always sleeping in the afternoon.(後者意味著整個下午都睡掉了)
11) I expect you to phone me. ( 幾乎等於命令)
I'm expecting you to phone me.(婉轉)
12) What do you say? What are you saying?(你說些什麼呀,表說話人驚訝,不滿)
12) I find that the book is too difficult for me.(強調結果) I'm finding that the book is too difficult for me. (強調過程,逐漸感到)
13) Apples cost more these days.(強調事實)
Apples are costing more these days.(越來越貴)
14) He always thinks of others.
He's always thinking of others.(表示贊揚)
15) Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.(強調兩個動作有先後) Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.(強調兩個動作同時進行)
16) I hope you'll give us some advice.
I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.(表示語氣婉轉)
17) I must go. (我應該去)I must be going.(我該走了)
18) We can discuss this while we eat.(說話是沒用餐)
We can discuss this while we are eating.(進餐已開始)

3. 現在完成時與過去一般時
1) I've seen him this morning.(還在上午的時間里)
I saw him this morning.(時間已不在上午了)
2) Who's opened the window? (窗戶還在開著)
Who opened the window? (與現在無關,窗戶可能已關上)
3) Have you ever heard him sing? (他可能不是愛唱歌)
Did you ever hear him sing?(你曾聽過他唱歌嗎,他可能是歌唱家)
4) Have you ever heard of such a thing? (你聽過這種事嗎)
Did you ever hear of such a thing?(這種事, 你聽說過嗎? 是一個修辭性問題,表示驚異。)
5) What have I done to make you so angry? (對方仍生氣)
What did I do to make you so angry? (暗示某一過去的時間,可能對方已不生氣了。)
6) How has he done it? (他這活乾的怎麼樣?強調結果)
How did he do it?(他是怎麼干這活的?強調幹活的方式)
7) He has lived in New York for eight years. (他仍在紐約)
He lived in New York for eight years.(他可能不在人世了)
8) He has been called a thinker.
He was called a thinker.(他曾被譽為思想家)
9) You've heard what I said. (你聽見我的話了)
You heard what I said.(你是聽見我的話的,口氣嚴厲,具有感情色彩。)
10) I've lost my pen. (筆還沒找到)I lost my pen.(筆可能找到了)
11) He has already been there. (曾去過哪)
He was already there.(當時在哪)
12) Since I have been ill, my friend has visited me every day.(生病還在延續)Since I was ill, my friend has visited me every day. (病已好了)
13) Have you slept well? (暗示疲倦了,休息後是否好些了)
Did you sleep well?(暗示睡的是否舒服,滿意)

4. 過去完成時與過去一般時
1) I came here after I finished middle school.(兩個動作每間隔)
I came here after I had finished middle school.(兩個動作有間隔,強調先後概念)
2) I waited till I saw him.
I waited till I had seen him. (這兩個句子差不多,過去完成時更普遍)
3) We hoped he would come.(我們希望他來)
We had hoped he would come.(我們本希望他來的)
4) I don't think he sang as well as he once did.(指具體一次)
I don't think he sang as well as he had once done.(泛指以前,現在可能不唱了)
5) Before I came here, I was a soldier.(我來此以前在當兵)
Before I came here, I had been a soldier.(我來此以前,曾當過兵)
6) Jim said he didn't know he was so strong.(表示Jim在說話時仍很結實) Jim said he didn't know he had been so strong.(表示在Jim說話之前曾結實過)
7) They were friends from many years.(表示現在還是朋友)
They had been friends for many years.(意味這友誼結束了)
8) He did the work at 6.(強調時間)
He had done the work at 6. (6點工作已做完)
9) I learned French ring my holiday.(強調學了)
I had learned French ring my holiday. (強調學會了)
10) When she sang she sat down.(表示唱著坐下)
When she had sung she sat down.(表示唱完坐下)
11) I went to bed when I did my homework.(不明確)
I went to bed when I had done my homework.(作業做完)
12) I have lived here since I was a child.(從我長大成人)
I have lived here since I had a child.(從我孩提時)

5. 過去進行時與過去一般時
1) I read a book yesterday. (書已看完)
I was reading a book yesterday.(書尚未看完)
2) The guests arrived.(客人已到)
The guests were arriving.(客人陸續到達)
3) He woke from a dream. (表示全醒)
He was waking from a dream.(表示初醒)
4) The old man died.(已死) The old man was dying.(要死)
5) John told me about it.(告訴我了,我都知道了)
John was telling me about it.(跟我談起過,我想了解更多的事情)
6) They persuaded me to go along with them.(已經說服)
They were persuading me to go along with them.(還在勸說)
7) The wind blew hard all night.(強調事實)
The wind was blowing hard all night.(強調風刮個不停)
8) I expected you. I was expecting you.(客氣,表示可能等了很舊了)
9) He knocked at the door.(強調一次性)
He was knocking at the door.(強調多次性)

6. 將來一般時與現在進行時
1) Will he come? Is he coming?(時間發生的比較近)
2) How long will you stay hear? (表示意願)
How long will you stay here?(表示打算)
3) She'll have a baby. (表示肯定)
She's going to have a baby.(表示推測,計劃)
4) I'll see him this evening.(表示意願)
I'm seeing him this evening.(表示打算,已有安排)

7. 現在一般時與過去一般式
1) Do you wish to see me?
Did you wish to see me?(表示婉轉客氣)
2) That's all I have to say.(我的話就這些)
That's all I had to say.(我要說的就這些)
3) How do you like the film? (看電影過程中)
How did you like the film?(看完電影後)
4) It is nice to see you.(見面時說)
It was so nice to see you.(離別時說)
5) I never like him. (沒時間性)
I never liked him.(從來沒喜歡過)
6) I think I know that voice.(沒見客人時)
I thought I know that voice.(見到客人時,證明自己正確或錯誤)
7) Who is that? (哪人還在)
Who was that?(人已不在場了)
8) This cake is made at home. (家裡常做這種蛋糕)
This cake was made at home.(這種蛋糕是自家做的)

8.現在完成時與現在完成進行時
1) Someone has phoned you.(打了電話)
Someone has been phoning you.(一直在打電話)
2) I've read the novel.(已讀完)
I've been reading the novel.(還沒讀完)
3) He has lived here for six weeks.
e has been living here for six weeks. (區別不大,後者更口語化)
4) Have you met her lately?
Have you been meeting her lately?(強調動作的重復,經常見面)
5) Who's eaten my apples? ( 蘋果沒有了)
Who's been eating my apples?(有感情色彩,表示憤怒不滿)

9.現在一般時與過去完成時
1) I hope that he'll come.
I had hoped he would come.(與事實相反)
(經常這樣用的詞有:expect, think, intend, mean, suppose)

⑦ 英語語法及例句

語言要遵循一定的規則,這種規則即被我們稱之為「語法」。許多學生在英語學習中一聽「語法」頭就大,產生恐懼、厭學的心理。教師要遵循「精講多練,講練結合,以練為主」的教學方法,同時還要注意提高學習效率,減輕學生的作業負擔,實現語言為交流工具的目的。筆者在多年的教學實踐中總結:語法教學要重視例句的選擇。

一、代表性

例句的選擇在結構上要有代表性,起到掌握這個句型就能夠舉一反三的作用。歷年的高考試題、學生比較熟悉的經典習題等,我們不妨拿來一試。

如,講動詞不定式的主動式和被動式:

She went to the ball not only to see,but also to be seen.(她去參加舞會不僅為了見見世面。也為了出出風頭。)

如with復合結構,即with+賓語+賓語補足語:

With two exams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004,北京)

關於情態動詞must have done 表對過去情況肯定的猜測:

I have lost one of my gloves. I must have dropped it somewhere. (2005,北京)

二、簡潔性

有些教師認為,例句越難越好,難的會了容易的就更會了;還有教師因為學生上課不好好聽課,主張選難懂的句子來鎮鎮他們。其實不然。正如人的認知規律「由易到難」,對於語法學習有困難的學生而言,復雜的例句只會讓他們更頭痛,對語法更畏懼,對英語學習更沒興趣。選擇結構簡潔的例句,語言上通俗易懂,讀來朗朗上口,學生容易記,也記得牢。

如講動詞不定式的語法功能時:
1.
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.(to do 不定式作定語,修飾序數詞)
2.
To see is to believe.(to do 不定式坐主語和表語)
對比學習Seeing is believing.(動名詞作主語和表語)

3.
It is easier to say something than to do something. (to do 不定式作句子的真正主語,It為形式主語)

對比學習It is easier said than done.
三、趣味性

興趣是產生學習激情的巨大動力。選擇內容生動有趣的例句,如諺語、成語、俚語等,這樣學生有了興趣,就願意多念,念熟了就能由次及彼。

如: 倒裝結構「so+助動詞+主語+謂語+------」:
As a man lives,so shall he dies.(有生就有死)

As a man sows, so shall he reap.(種瓜得瓜。種豆得豆)

下邊還有一個比較級的句子:

The old man was not any more fond of being read to than the old woman.

此句的翻譯為「那個老頭和老太太一樣,都喜歡別人讀書給他們聽」。有學生將它譯為「那個老頭不喜歡別人給他念書,就喜歡哪個老太太」,這就要鬧笑話了。

四、積極性
選擇一些內容積極向上的語法例句,如名言警句等。這不僅能讓學生掌握相應的語法知識,同時也起到教育的情感目的,起到教育人的作用。

One half of knowing what you want is knowing what you must give up before you get it.

知道想要什麼,一半在於知道得到它之前必須放棄什麼。 (表語從句)

Victory will not come to me unless I go to it. 勝利是不會向我走來的,我必須自己走向勝利。 (條件狀語從句)

All that litters is not gold. 閃光的並非都是金子。 (定語從句)
五、綜合性

在實際的語法教學中,很少有獨立的語法項目,很多時候許多的語法知識匯集在一個句中。選擇綜合性較強的例句來講解,讓學生背誦,能起到事半功倍的效果。如:

It was playing computer games that cost the boy much time he ought to have spent in doing his lessons.

這個例句綜合了:
強調句型:It was---that---

定語從句:---time (that) he ought to have---lessons

情態動詞:ought to have spent---

動名詞作主語:---playing computer games cost the boy much more time---

總之,適當的例句選擇不僅能夠讓學生理解語法,掌握重點,還能在茫茫題海中減輕學生大量背誦和大量習題的課業負擔,有效提高教學質量。教師要注意多研究,多積累,找出更多的語法教學方法。

⑧ 英語語法

冠詞:a \the \an,a和an區別母音用an,the是特指
介詞:in on by after befor at down upon to 介詞後面一般加名詞或動名詞after before後面加時間
形容詞很多,是專修飾名詞的屬,比如漂亮的,可愛的
副詞:一般修飾動詞,比如run quickly,quickly就是副詞,表示很快地,一般後面加個ly的都是副詞,除了個別以外,比如friendly是形容詞,family是名詞
助動詞:must need can dare could will would,這些
都是加強動詞的語氣的,也叫情態動詞,must是表示肯定的猜測

⑨ 英語語法中的虛擬語法三種用法是什麼

時間
從句謂源語形式
主句謂語形式

將來
動詞過去式(be用were)
should + 動詞原形
were to + 動詞原形

would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
現在
動詞過去式(be 用 were)
would / should / might / could + 動詞原形
過去
had +動詞過去分詞
would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞

⑩ 英語語法口訣

1、英語的詞類:

句子要由片語成,英語詞類有十種:句中成分用實詞,名、代、動、副、數、形容:冠、介、連詞和感嘆, 虛詞附加或溝通。詞類功能掌握了,造句之時好運用。

2、介詞順口溜:

in 在……里,out 在……外, 在旁邊的是 beside, 靠近的為 by。 on 在……上, under 在……下, above 在上頭, below 在底下。

3、肯定句變一般疑問句:

have和be提句首,其它助詞Do開頭。 時間、人稱由do變, 動詞只把原形留。謂語助詞有幾個,第一助詞提句首。

4、肯定句變否定句:

否定詞語加not,放在be和have後。其它要加動詞do, do的後面加not, 時間、人稱由do變,動詞原形總保留。謂語若是助詞多, not緊跟第一個。

5、名詞的所有格:

名詞只變數,不分主賓格。 人和動物類,可變所有格。 撇(')後加s, 相當漢語「的」。 時間、距離等,也變所有格。

6、名詞變復數:

單數變為復數式,加上「s」統言之。下列結尾名詞後,要加「s」先加「e」:發音[∫][t∫][s]和[z],或是輔音加「o」時。 有些名詞變復數,詞尾變化要注意:「y」前字母是輔音,一律變「y」為「ie」;遇到「f / fe」,有時需要變「ve」少數名詞不規則,特別情況靠硬記。

7、時間名詞前所有介詞的速記:

年月周前要用 in,日子前面卻不行。 遇到幾號要用「on」,上午下午又是「in」。 要說某日上下午, 用 on 換 in 才能行。 午夜黃昏用 at,黎明用它也不錯。at 也在時分前,說「差」用 to,說「過」要用 past。

(10)英語表命令的語法擴展閱讀

一般現在時(Simple Present Tense)表示現在的狀態、經常的或習慣性的動作、主語具備的性格和能力等。

1.時間狀語:Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…),once a week(day, year, month…),on Sundays(on Mondays …).

2.基本結構:主語+be/do+其他;(如主語為第三人稱單數,動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式)。

否定形式:主語 + am/is/are + not + 其他(此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用doesn't,同時還原行為動詞)。

一般疑問句:把be動詞放於句首;用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數,則用does,同時,還原行為動詞。

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