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九年級英語蘇教版語法總結

發布時間:2021-01-11 02:56:03

① 八年級下冊英語語法 2014蘇教版

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afford to do sth.
負擔得起做某事

choose to do sth.
(選擇後)決定做某事

decide to do sth.
決定做某事

ask to do sth.

要求做某是

expect to do sth.

期待做某事

hope to do sth.

希望做某事

help to do sth.

幫組做某事

manage to do sth.

設法做某事

learn to do sth.

學習做某事

plan to do sth.

計劃做某事

offer to do sth.

主動提供做某事

pretend to do sth.

假裝做某事

prepare to do sth.

准備做某事

refuse to do sth.

拒絕做某事

advise sb. to do sth.

建議某人做某事

allow sb. to do sth.

允許某人做某事

ask sb. to do sth.

請(叫)某人做某事

bear sb. to do sth.

忍受某人做某事

cause sb. to do sth.

導致某人做某事



keepsb.out不讓某人進入
What'swrong?=What'sthematter?=What'stheproblem?怎麼了?
outofstyle不時髦的;過時的
callsb.up給某人打電話
payforsth.為某事付款
part-timejob兼職工作
thesameas=besame(to/with)與……同樣
instyle時髦的;流行的
geton[well]withsb.=getalong[well]withsb.與某人相處(好)
didn't=didnot
couldn't=couldnot
as...aspossible盡可能……(eg/assoonaspossible盡快)
allkindsof各種;許多
ontheonehand一方面
ontheotherhand另一方面
asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.請求某人做某事
asksb.nottodosth.請求某人不要做某事
spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)[in]doingsth.花錢做某事
sth.costsb.(money)某人花錢為了某事
takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人時間做某事
findout查明
findsb.doingsth.發現某人做某事
beangrywithsb.生某人的氣
beangryatsth.生某事的氣
thesameageas=asoldas與某人年齡一樣
havefightwithsb.與某人打架
learntodosth.學會做某事
not...until...直到……才……
comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較
it'stimeforsth.=it'stimetodosth.到該做某事的時間了
maybeadv.或許
maybe(情態動詞+動詞原形)可能是
shall→should情態動詞shall的原形和過去式
pay→paid→paid動詞pay的原形、過去式和過去分詞





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(2) and連接的幾個從句,第二個從句以後的從句的that不省略。 (3)在動詞+it+賓語補足語+賓語從句結構中,that不省略。

2.Whether ,if 引導賓語從句:兩詞可互換,但是下列情形除外: (1)whether從句中有or not (2)whether從句做介詞賓語

3.許多帶復合賓語的句子,賓語從句經常移到句子後部,而用it做形式賓語。結構常是:

主語+動詞+it+形容詞/名詞等賓語補足語+賓語從句

狀語從句

狀語從句表示狀語從句指句子用作狀語時,起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子。根據其作用可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導,也可以由片語引起。從句位於句首或句中時通常用逗號與主句隔開,位於句尾時可以不用逗號隔開。

狀語從句的種類

1.時間狀語從句 2.地點狀語從句 3.原因狀語從句 4.條件狀語從句 5.目的狀語從句 6.讓步狀語從句 7.比較狀語從句 8.方式狀語從句 9.結果狀語從句

狀語從句的時態特點

一般情況下,時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用「一般現在時」表示「一般將來時」,用「現在完成時」表示「將來完成時」。

一、時間狀語從句

概念:

在復合句中,由時間連接詞引導的狀語從句叫做時間狀語從句。(在復合句中,要注意主句和從句的時態大多都要保持一致。)

要點:

時間狀語從句,由以下連詞引導: when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在時間狀語從句中,要注意時態一致。一般情況下主句是將來時的時候,從句要用一般現在時。

1.when在...的時候 2.while在...期間

3.as在...的同時;一邊...一邊...






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4.after在...之後 5.before 在...之前ぃ 6.as soon as 一。。。就。。。 7.since 自。。。以來 到現在

表示自過去的一個起始時間點到目前(說話時間)為止的一段持續時間。主句一般用現在完成時,從句用一般過去時。還可以用作介詞,本句從句還可以用短語:since three years ago(從三年前至今)表示。

8 till /until直到。。。

都可以作連詞,連接時間狀語,也可以作介詞,與其它詞構成介詞短語,在句中作狀語。(強調將一般用until)

9. by the time 到。。。為止

二、地點狀語從句

概念:

地點狀語從句 (adverbial clause of place) 地點狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導,已經形成了固定的句型,

要點:

由連詞where和復合關系詞wherever (=no matter where )引導. 例如:

句型1:

Where+地點從句,(there)+主句。 【注意】此句型通常譯成「哪裡„„哪裡就„„」;主句在從句後面時,there可用可不用;如果主句在從句的前面時,一般都不用there。

句型2:

Anywhere/ wherever+地點從句,+主句。 【注意】anywhere本身是個副詞,但是,常可以引導從句,相當於連詞,意思相似於wherever, anywhere引導的從句可位於主句之前,也可以位於主句之後。 而wherever本身就是個連詞,表示「在何處,無論何處」。

三、條件狀語從句

要點: 條件狀語從句由連詞if, unless (=if not) 引導。

四、原因狀語從句

要點: 由連詞because, since, as引導, 也可由for, now that 等詞引導 1) because語勢最強,用來說明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而






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易見的或已為人們所知,就用as或 since。

2) 由because引導的從句如果放在句末,且前面有逗 號,則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用for。

3) as和for的區別:通常情況下,as引導的從句在主句前,for引導的從句在主句後。

五、目的狀語從句

要點: 目的狀語從句由連詞that, so that, so„that , in order that 引導。 1.so that 以至, 以便 2.in order that=so that:為了 3.despite= in spite of

六、結果狀語從句

要點:結果狀語從句由連詞( so )that, so„that, such„that, so much/many„that引導。

1.so„that 如此„以至於 2.such„that 如此。。。以至

3.比較:so和 such 其規律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞片語,so 是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。 so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many, few, much, little(這四個形容詞表多或表少時)連用,形成固定搭配。 so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little money. such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people ( so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 雖相當於 many,但 a lot of 為名詞性的,只能用such搭配。) so„that與such„that之間的轉換既為 so與such之間的轉換。

七、讓步狀語從句

要點: 表示讓步的狀語從句由連詞 though, although引導. 注意:

a. 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

b. 句首是實義動詞,其他助動詞放在主語後。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語,隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。

八、比較狀語從句

要點:比較狀語從句主要運用於形容詞和副詞的原級,比較級及最高級的句子之中。

原級

as„as 和。。。一樣

比較級






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more„than (更)

最高級

1.The most„in/of

2. the + 形容詞+est„of/in

九、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句通常由as, (just) as„so„, as if, as though引導。

1) as, (just) as„so„引導的方式狀語從句通常位於主句後,但在(just) as„so„結構中位於句首,這時as從句帶有比喻的含義,意思是"正如„","就像",多用於正式文體,

2) as if, as though 兩者的意義和用法相同,引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反,有時也用陳述語氣,表示所說情況是事實或實現的可能性較大。漢譯常作"彷彿„„似的","好像„„似的"

附加疑問句

概念

附加疑問句由陳述句加簡短附加問句構成,用以要求對方證實所述之事。附加疑問句主要有兩種:一類是反意的附加疑問句,另一類是非反意附加疑問句。

反意疑問句

1 英語中,反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其後的附加疑問句組成。其中附加疑問句是對陳述句所說的事實或觀點提出疑問,起證實作用,一般用於證實說話者所說的事實或觀點。

2、反意疑問句用法說明 ◇注意: 反意疑問句前後兩部分謂語應是,「肯定陳述+否定疑問」或「否定陳述+肯定疑問」 簡略問句如果是否定式,not應與be,do,will等系動詞、助動詞、情態動詞縮寫 簡略問句的主語不用名詞,應用人稱代詞 當說話者的目的不在疑問,而是為了加強語氣時,用降調 當說話者的目的在疑問,則用升調 陳述部分含「too...to」時,是否定句

用法

1) 陳述部分的主語是I,疑問部分要用 aren't I.

2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish,疑問部分要用may +主語。

3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定含義。

4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't






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+主語。正式文體用should/ought +主語+not形式。

5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑問部分常用don't +主語(didn't +主語)。

6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時,疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。 7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?

8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.,疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。 9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。 10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句,疑問部分根據實際情況而定。 11) 感嘆句中,疑問部分用be +主語。 12) 陳述部分由neither„ nor, either„ or 連接的並列主語時,疑問部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。

13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。

含義的詞

ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語 have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主語(didn't +主語) used to didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語 had better + v. hadn't you would rather + v. wouldn't +主語 you'd like to + v.

wouldn't +主語 must 根據實際情況而定 感嘆句中 be +主語 Neither„nor, either„or 連接的根 據其實際邏輯意義而定 並列主語 指示代詞或不定代詞 everything,that, 主語用it nothing,this 並列復合句 謂語根據鄰近從句的謂語而定 定語從句,賓語從句的 主從復合句 根據主句的謂語而定 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引導 與賓語從句相對應的從句 everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 復數they, 單數he 情態動詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語 dare, need 為實義動詞 do +主語 省去主語的祈使句 will you/won't you/can't you? Let's 開頭的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 開頭的祈使句 Will you? there be 相應的謂語動詞+there(省略主語代詞) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞 仍用否定形式

② 蘇教版牛津英語九年級上冊重點知識(最後每個單元分開,片語搭配+語法)復習資料,急!

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③ 蘇教版初一英語語法總結能不能給我一份 初一上冊英語

一、初一英語語法——詞法 1、名詞
A)、名詞的數我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:一)在後面加s.以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es
如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies,
documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s.如:day-days,
boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四)以o結尾加s(外來詞).如:radios, photos,
但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿,
potatoes馬鈴薯五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s).如:knife-knives, wife-wives,
half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes,
socks 八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學,
family家,家庭成員九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞.如:action movie-action movies, pen
pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數.如:man doctor-men doctors,
woman teacher-women teachers 十)有的單復數意思不同.如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙
papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水
oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數,
chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s.如:Is (I』s), Ks
(K』s).但如是縮略詞則只加s.如:IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men,
woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen,
Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式.構成如下:一)單數在後面加』s.如:brother』s, Mike』s,
teacher』s 二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理.如:Teachers』 Day教師節,
classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s
Day三八節三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理.如:Mike and
Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間) 2、代詞項目 人稱代詞
物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself 復數 we us our
ours ourselves 第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself 復數 you you your yours
yourselves 第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself he him his his himself it
it its its this that itself 復數 they them their theirs these those
themselves 3、動詞 A)
第三人稱單數當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:一)一般在詞後加s.如:comes, spells, waits,
talks, sees, dances, trains 二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es.如:watches, washes,
wishes, finishes 三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es.如:study-studies, hurry-hurries,
try-tries 2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s.如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es.如:does, goes 五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has B)
現在分詞當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:一)一般在後加ing.如:spell-spelling,
sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying,
watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing.如:dance-dancing,
wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing,
have-having 三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing,
draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing.如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting,
let-letting, begin-beginning 四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing.如:tie-tying系 die-dying死
lie-lying 位於 4、形容詞的級我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式.構成如下:一)
一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st).如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest,
taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er
/est.如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三)
以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est.如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest,
friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly),
busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)
good/well-better best,many/much-more most,bad/ill-worse
worst,little-less least,old-older/elder
oldest/eldest,far-farther/further farthest/furthest 5、數詞
(基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去.) first, second,
third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth,
hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英語語法——句式 1.陳述句肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞) b) He looks very
young. (連系動詞) c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞) d) I can bring some
things to school. (情態動詞) e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)
否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice. c) Kate
doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll. e) There
isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.) 2. 祈使句 肯定祈使句 a) Please go and
ask the man. b) Let』s learn English! c) Come in, please. 否定祈使句 a) Don』t
be late. b) Don』t hurry. 3. 疑問句 1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I
help you? c) Does she like salad? d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she
reading? 肯定回答 a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes,
they do. e) Yes, she is. 否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No,
she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t. 2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table
big or small? 回答 It』s big./ It』s small. 3) 特殊疑問句 1 問年齡 How old is Lucy?
She is twelve. 2 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action
movies and comedies. 3 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 4 問方式
How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K. How do we contact you? My e-mail
address is [email protected]. 5 問原因 Why do you want to join the club? 6
問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock. When do you want
to go? Let』s go at 7:00. 7 問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the
table. 8 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue. What』s your
favourite color? It』s black. 9 問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister. Who is
the boy in blue? My brother. Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma. Who
are Lisa and Tim talking to? 10 問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a
pencil case. What else can you see in the picture? I can see some
broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 11問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name?
Her name is Helen./She』s Helen. What』s your first name? My first name』s
Ben. What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith. 12 問哪一個 Which do
you like? I like one in the box. 13 問字母 What letter is it? It』s big
D/small f. 14 問價格 How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars. 15 問電話號碼
What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349. 16 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing?
He』s watching TV. 17 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher. What』s your
father? He』s a doctor. 三、初一英語語法——時態 1、一般現在時 表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:
Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker. 情態動詞:I can
play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.
行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes?
They don』t want to eat any tomatoes. Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina
have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch. 2、現在進行時
表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它. I』m playing baseball. Are
you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball. Nancy is writing a
letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter. They』re
listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They
aren』t listening to the pop music. 回答者: Demo_sa | 一級 | 2010-4-24 15:53
一. 詞彙 ⑴ 單詞 1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中",
"在……內".例如: in our class 在我們班上 in my bag 在我的書包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the
classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上".例如: on the wall 在牆上 on the desk 在桌子上 on
the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下".例如: under the tree 在樹下 under the
chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……後面".例如: behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後 5). near表示"在……附近".例如: near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……處".例如: at school 在學校 at home 在家 at the
door 在門口 7). of 表示"……的".例如: a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫 a map of
China 一張中國地圖 2. 冠詞 a / an / the:
冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物.冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種.不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an.a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a
book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple. a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個. This is a
cat. 這是一隻貓. It's an English book. 這是一本英語書. His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人. the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物. Who's
the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是誰呀? ------ What can you see in the
classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's
on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀? ------ 我能看見一個書包. ------ 書包在哪呀? ------
在桌子上. 3.some和any ①在肯定句中用some.例如: There are some books on the
desk.桌子上有一些書. Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書. ②在疑問句和否定句中用any.例如: Is
there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎? Do you have any brothers and
sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎? There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水. ⑵記住它們的特殊用法.
①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到.例如: Would you like to
have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎? ②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的".例如: Any one of us can do
this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個. some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法. 4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is
;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are. My family is a big family.
我的家庭是個大家庭. My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家.
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員.home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點.
house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身. His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人. My home
is in Beijing. 我的家在北京. He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家. It's a picture of
my family. 這是一張我全家的照片. 5. little的用法 a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy
一個小男孩.little常用來修飾有生命的名詞. *但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞. There is little
time. 幾乎沒時間了. There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少. ⑵ 片語 on the desk
在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子後 under the chair 在椅子下面 in her pencil-box
在她的鉛筆盒中 near the door 在門附近 a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片 look at the
picture 看這張圖片 the teacher's desk 講桌 a map of China 一張中國地圖 family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐 this way 這邊走 二. 日常用語 1. Come and meet my family. 2.
Go and see. I think it's Li Lei. 3. Glad to meet you. 4. What can you
see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books. 5. Can you see an
orange? Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 6. Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong
Kong. 7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看. see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見".例如: 8. Please
have a seat. seat表示"座位",是個名詞.have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit
down的意思相同. 三. 語法 1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的".一般有以下幾種形式: (1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s".例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友 (2).
如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'".例如: Teachers' Day 教師節 The boys' game 男孩們的游戲 (3).
如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s".例如: Children's Day 兒童節 Women's Day 婦女節 (4).
表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上.例如: Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間 Kate and
Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示. a
map of China 一幅中國地圖 the name of her cat 她的貓的名字 a picture of my family
我的家庭的一張照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的門

④ 蘇教版初一下學期英語課本上的語法重點

初一下語法總結網站http://www.docin.com/p-159919586.html
1.How do you do?第一次見面
---How do you do
2.It's great to do sth
3.what about ----n/doing
4.play the guitar/violin/piano
5.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
6.like/love/enjoy/hate doing sth
7.if+一般現在時.剩下部分一般將來時(will)
8.When someone is in trouble we mustn't laugh at him.
9.It's the +n beginning of a new term.
三種時態:
一般過去時態
Be動詞過去式的句式。
否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not=wasn』t/were not=weren』t。
一般疑問句是把was/were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。
實義動詞過去式的句式:
肯定式:主語+動詞故去式+其它。如,They had a good time yesterday.
否定式:主語+did not+動詞原形+其他。如,They didn』t have a good time yesterday.
一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?肯定回答:Yes,主語+did. 否定回答:No,主語+didn』t.如,Did they have a meeting two days ago? Yes, they did. No, they didn』t.
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?如,What time did you finish your homework?
一般現在時態
當主語是第三人稱單數時,肯定句為:主語+動詞的s形式+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞doesn't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Does+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞does.
註:第三人稱單數用了 does 後面就不用動詞的s形式了,而用動詞原形.
動詞的一般現在時態, 除了第三人稱單數(he she it) 外,其餘都用動詞原形。當主語是其他人稱時,肯定句為:主語+動詞原形+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞don't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Do+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞do.
註:變為疑問句,要在句首加"do" ; 變為否定句, 要在動詞前面加"do not", 可以簡寫為 "don't".
知識點:
1.現在進行時的主要結構
用來表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行的動作和用來表示當前的活動或現極端一直在進行著的動作。
在其句子中一般都會有兩個詞與時態有關:1)表示時間的狀語2)動詞的相應變化。如,I』m reading a book now.在這個句子中,時間狀語now,決定了時態為現在進行時,而動詞am reading也體現了現在進行時。
肯定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
否定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
疑問句:Be+主語+ving?
特殊疑問句+be+主語+ving?
2.ving形式的構成
1)直接在動詞原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing
2)以不發音字母e結尾的動詞,去e再加-ing,如have-having
3)以重讀閉音節結尾的單詞,結尾只有一個輔音字母,應雙寫這個字母,再加-ing。如,begin-beginning。
望採納

⑤ 蘇教版高一英語必修一語法知識點總結

一. 直接引語和間接引語 (一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內,間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態的變化:直接引語變為間接引語時,通常受轉述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態,即把原來的時態向過去推,也就是一般現在時變為一般過去時,現在進行時變為過去進行時,等等。例如: Tom said to me,「My brother is doing his homework.」 →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化: 根據意義進行相應的變化,例如: She asked Jack,「Where have you been?」 →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,「These books are mine.」 →He said that those books were his. (二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如: She said,「Is your father at home?」 →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. 「What do you do every Sunday?」My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式,並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如: She said to us,「Please sit down.」 →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,「Go away!」 →He ordered him to go away. He said, 「Don』t make so much noise, boys.」 →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態的被動語態 被動語態概述 被動語態的概念:它是動詞的一種形式,表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關系。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態的構成 被動語態的形式是由「助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞」構成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下: 1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如:Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如:These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如:Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn』t. 7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞 注意: 1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如:Their questions haven』t got answered. 2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用「情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞」結構。例如: More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can』t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有「be going to」, 「be to」等結構的謂語,其被動語態分別用「be going to + be + 過去分詞」和「be to + be + 過去分詞」。例如: The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態與系表結構的區別:「連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞」構成的系表結構,與被動語態的形式完全一樣,所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞,多強調動作;系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞,多強調狀態。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執行者,而後者則不可以。例如: The map was changed by someone.(被動結構) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結構) 系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾,被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如: He was very excited.(系表結構) He was much excited by her words.(被動結構) 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味,如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如: These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won』t shut. 這門關不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 片語: add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at sk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 賓語補足語 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it』s because….. +原因 it』s why…. + 結果 dare + (to) do (實義動詞) do (情態動詞) a year and a half it』s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序數詞 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2片語: because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 謂語用單數 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定語從句 用who 1600』s 1980s in + 物主代詞 + 數字的復數 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名詞 (不加冠詞) the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3片語: prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it』s is / has been + 時間段 + since 從句 graate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one』s mind make up one』s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4片語:right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陳述語氣/ 虛擬語氣 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5片語: of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one』s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one』s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 語法點1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表將來4. 定語從句: 只用that 的情況 只用who 的情況 只用which的情況 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介詞+ which/ whom which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句which 引導一個句子的用法 非限制性定語從句 插入語 I think I believe I guess I thought 間隔式定語從句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一種厭煩等語氣8. 強調句 it is + 被強調部分 + that 從句 It is not until + 時間 + that 從句 特殊疑問詞 + is it that 從句 9. 倒裝句 部分否定,含有否定詞的 hardly never little only seldom 等, 把情態動詞,be 動詞, 助動詞提到主語 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,從句用虛擬語氣, 用(should) do 。

⑥ 蘇教版初一英語語法總結

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