復語法英語

Ⅰ 英語語法有哪些

首先我們來了解英語學習的本質。我們學習英語，為的是日後工作學習專無障礙溝通交流屬。英語不比數學和語文，它不是一門學問，不需要深入研究，只要多多練習，多說多用就能學會了。

現在，所有的傳統線下英語培訓機構以英語語法和單詞為主，基本沒有練習和開口的機會，即使學一年兩年下來，也不會有任何效果。網上英語培訓機構大多都是以說為目的的英語教學，全程外教一對一上課，只要你不開口，課程就無法繼續，網上英語培訓，阿西吧外教就不錯，他們是純外教一對一在線授課，課程可定製，平均一節課10-20元，還有英語免費試聽課程：【試課地址】

Ⅱ 重復語法規則英文怎麼翻譯

repeat the grammar rule

Ⅲ 關於英語的復數語法,請幫忙解答!先謝過!

沒超過1就不要復數
0.2米 zero point two meter
1.1 one point ont meters

Ⅳ 英語復數語法

[C]是可數名來詞的意思
[U]是不可數源名詞的意思

classic 根據網路詞典的解釋
classic

a.[Z]
1. 最優秀的,第一流的
He recommended me a classic book on Buddhism.
他向我推薦了一本有關佛教的經典名著。
2. 典型的
This is a classic example of bureaucratic inefficiency.
這是一個官僚主義低效率的典型例子。
3. 經典的
4. 古典的,古希臘、古羅馬文學藝術的
5. 古典派的;傳統的;古雅的
The old gentleman had on a classic suit.
那位老年紳士穿著一套古樸的傳統服裝。
6. 有長遠歷史或文學意義的,著名的
n.
1. 大文豪;大藝術家;名著;傑作[C]
"War and Peace" is a literary classic.
《戰爭與和平》是一部經典文學著作。
2. 古典著作;經典著作[P1]
3. 典型的事物;著名的事件[C]
4. (一九二五年至一九四二年間製造的)古典型汽車

我們可以理解為"典藏"版

Ⅳ 英語語法講解復合句

復合句指的是含有兩個或更多的主謂結構的句子，其中有一個（或更多）主謂結構充當句子的某一（些）成分，如主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語等。主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、定語從句和狀語從句都屬於復合句。
一、狀語從句：

狀語從句 Adverbial Clause，從句用作狀語稱為狀語從句。根據用途，狀語從句可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、方式、讓步、結果、目的等狀語從句。

I. 時間狀語從句
時間狀語從句表示時間，常用的關聯詞有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。
例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful.
2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework.
3) Wait until you are called.
4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met.
5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven.
You can use my house as long as you are careful.
He is so terrible once he is drunk.
I listen to the radio while I walk every evening.

II. 地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句表示地點，常用的關聯詞有where, wherever, anywhere等。
例如：1) Put it where you found it.
2) Sit down wherever you like.
3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too.

III. 原因狀語從句
原因狀語從句表示原因或理由，常用的關聯詞有because, as, since, in case等。
1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food.
2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman.
3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.
I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我將帶上雨衣，以防下雨。

IV. 條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句表示真實的或現實的條件，引導從句所用的關聯詞有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。
1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
You'll be late, unless you hurry.
3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose從句必須放在主句之前) 我們如果遲到了，他會說什麼？
4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party.
5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨，就不要等我了。
6) He will do anything as(so) long as it is interesting. 只要好玩，他什麼都願意做。

V. 方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句表示動作的方式，回答How的問題，常用關聯詞as, as if, as though, the way(that), in the way(that)等引導，一般置於主語之後。
Do as I say. I did just as you told me. 照我說的去做。我就是照你說的去做的。
He acts as if/as though he is the owner. 他行為舉止好象是這兒的主人似的。
They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他們以我從沒見過的方式行事。
I was never allowed to sing the way I wanted to. 我從未被允許用自己想用的方式唱歌。

VI. 讓步狀語從句
讓步狀語從句表示「雖然、盡管、即使」等概念，使句子具有對比的因素。常用的關聯詞有although, though, even if, even though, not that(=although…not)等，置於主語之前或後。
1) Although you feel very ill right now, this is still a common disease.
2) Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French.
3) We intend to go U.S., even if air fares are expensive.
4) Even though fruits are good, you can't live with fruits only.
5) I'm OK now, not that I slept (although I did not sleep) very well last night.

VII. 結果狀語從句
結果狀語從句表示結果， 常由連詞so…that, such(a/an)…that, so that, such that等引導，置於主語之後。
She was so frightened about the dog that she cried.
The news worried him so much that he didn't sleep at all for the whole night.
He is such a wonderful joker that you can't help laughing.
They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.
We arrived early, so that we got good seats.
The weather was such that I couldn't go out.

VIII. 目的狀語從句
目的狀語從句表示目的，回答what for或 for what purpose的問題，常用關聯詞so that, in order that等引導，一般置於主語之後。目的狀語從句中的謂語動詞常由「情態動詞+動詞原形」構成。
Ships carry lifeboats so that people can escape if the ship sinks.
They wrote the notice in several languages so that foreigners could understand it.
We carved their names on the stone in order that people should always remember them.
They risk their lives so that/in order that they may support their kids.
二、定語從句

定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。

關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有：when, where, why等

1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句

關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換），例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3） which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)

2. 關系副詞引導的定語從句

關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why 關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當於"介詞+ which"結構，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結構交替使用.例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

2）that代替關系副詞that可以用於表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞後取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略.例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.
他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方

3. 判斷關系代詞與關系副詞
方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決於從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞後面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。

方法二： 准確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
4. 限制性和非限制性定語從句
1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.
這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）

2) 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其後的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。

3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。

說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。

5. 介詞+關系詞
1）介詞後面的關系詞不能省略。
2）that前不能有介詞。
3） 某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的"介詞+關系詞"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

6. as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當於and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。
as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
(1） as 引導的定語從句可置於句首，而which不可。
(2） as 代表前面的整個主句並在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which。
7. 先行詞和關系詞二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. (what 可以用all that代替)

8. what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
3) that 和 what
當that引導定語從句時 ，通常用作關系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從句， 用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。
9. 關系代詞that 的用法
1）不用that的情況
a) 在引導非限定性定語從句時。
b) 介詞後不能用。
2) 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。
c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that。
d) 先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。
e) 先行詞既有人，又有物時,只用that。
三、名詞性從句：

在句子中充當主語、賓語、表語與同位語的句子分別叫做主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句， 這些統稱為名詞性從句。

（一）主語從句
在復合句中用作主語的從句叫主語從句。
A 為了強調主語從句的內容，可將從句置於句首
B 大部分主語從句都可以用it作形式主語

為了保持句子平衡，主語從句常用it作形式主語，將主語從句後置。用it作形式主語的主語從句結構有如下幾種：
1、It is + 名詞 + that從句
2、It is + 形容詞 + that從句
3、It + 動詞 + that從句
4、It is + 過去分詞 + that從句
用形式主語it引導的主語從句相當多，有些已形成固定的語法和譯法。常見的有：
It is said that... 據說……
It is reported that... 據報導……
It is well known that... 眾所周知……
It is announced that... 據宣布……
It is believed that... 人們相信……
It is thought that... 人們認為……
It is understood that... 自不待言……
It must be pointed out that... 必須指出……
It must be admitted that... 必須承認……
（二）賓語從句

賓語從句 The Object Clause，在復合句中作主句的賓語，它屬於名詞性從句。它可以作主句謂語動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞的賓語。賓語從句以從句的句式來決定連接詞。

賓語從句有四步曲
連接詞： （也叫引導詞）
語序： 從句的詞序用陳述語序（主+ 謂）
時態： 主句的時態如果是過去時，從句的時態應以過去時為基礎作相應的變化。
人稱： 要根據句中的意義作相應的變化

連接詞（引導詞）
從屬連詞 that ，if ，whether
連接代詞 who， whom， whose， which， what
連接副詞 when ，where ，how ，why
1.如果陳述句作從句，連接詞用that,在口語和非正式語體中常可省略that 。
2.特殊疑問句作從句，就用原來的特殊疑問詞
3.一般疑問句作從句，連詞用if或whether 在選擇疑問句只用whether，記住這一結構：whether … or not 。
（三）表語從句

表語從句放在連系動詞之後，充當復合句中的表語。

A 可接表語從句的連系動詞
可接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。
B as, as if / though引導的表語從句
C because, why引導的表語從句
what引導的主語從句表示結果或名詞reason作主語時，後面的表語從句表示原因時要用that引導，不宜用because。
D 使用虛擬語氣的表語從句
在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞後的表語從句，謂語動詞需用"should+動詞原形"表示，should可省略。常見的詞有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea等。
（四）同位語從句

同位語從句用於對前面的名詞作進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內容。同位語從句一般由that引導，但也可以由whether以及連接代詞和連接副詞引導。

A 同位語從句一般跟在名詞的後面
同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, hope, idea, news, doubt, suggestion, information, opinion, decision, discovery, truth, promise, statement, problem, rule等後面。
B 使用虛擬語氣的同位語從句
在一些表示「建議、命令、要求」的名詞後的同位語從句中，謂語動詞用"should + 動詞原形"，should可省略。

Ⅵ 如何有效解決英語中名詞復數的語法點

1、基本變化規則
①一般在名詞後加s,變成復數.如boy→boys,pen→pens等.
②以s,x,sh,ch結尾的,在後面加es.如class→classes,fox→foxes,brush→brushes,watch→watches.但stomach的復數為stomachs.
③「以輔音字母+y」結尾的,y變為i,然後再加es.如baby→babies.
④以f或fe結尾的名詞英語中共有100多個,其中直接加s的有92個,但這些絕大多數不常用,如safe,roof,belief等；把f或fe改為v,再加es的只有13個,但13個都是常用的名詞,如thief,life,wife,shelf,self,knife,half,leaf,wolf等.
⑤以o結尾的名詞,除有生命的「兩人兩物」Negro,hero,tomato,potato等少數在後面加es外,一般是在後面直接加s.如kilo→kilos,photo→photos,zoo→zoos,radio→radios,piano→pianos,video→videos.
2、不規則變化
①含man的名詞,一般變man為men.如woman→women,policeman→policemen,Englishman→Englishmen.但German→Germans.
②將oo改為ee的有foot→feet,tooth→teeth,goose→geese等.
③復數以en結尾的有child→children,ox→oxen等.
④將ouse改為ice的有mouse→mice,louse→lice(虱子)等.

Ⅶ 英語復合句語法

復合句（Complex Sentence）由一個主句（Principal Clause)和一個或一個以上的從句(Subordinate Clause)構成。
主句是全句的主體，通常可以獨立存在；從句則是一個句子成分，不能獨立存在。
從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分，就像一個句子一樣。所不同在於，從句須由一個關聯詞（connective）引導。
復合句（The Complex Sentence）：句子中有一個或一個以上的從句，叫做復合句。復合句可分為：
1).定語從句（The Attributive Clause）；
2).狀語從句（The Adverbial Clause）；
3).名詞性從句（The Noun Clause）
一、 定語從句
· 定語從句的定義
定語從句在句子中作定語，用來修飾一個名詞、名詞片語或者代詞。
· 先行詞和引導詞
被修飾的名詞、名詞片語或代詞叫做先行詞；
在先行詞和定語從句之間起連接作用的詞叫做引導詞。
引導詞分為「關系代詞」和「關系副詞」。
· 關系代詞和關系副詞
關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
關系副詞有：when, where, why。 注意：關系副詞裡面沒有how。
如果要修飾方式，用that或in which引導，或者不用引導詞。
I don』t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.
我不喜歡他看我的那個樣子。
· 關系代詞：who
關系動詞who在從句中主要作主語，在非正式語體里who還可以作從句中的賓語。
He is the man who wants to see you.
He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.
· 關系代詞：whom
He is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday.
（whom在從句中作賓語）
· 關系代詞：whose
whose 用來指人或物，（只能用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which the cover/the cover of which）
· 關系代詞：which（1）
which指物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時在非正式語體中可以省略。
They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.
The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing.
· 關系代詞：which（2）
當在which和that面前進行選擇的情況下，一般情況下要選which：
1.在非限制性定語從句中通常用which作引導詞，而不能用that做非限制性定語從句的引導詞。
2. 修飾整個主句。
I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.
3. 修飾謂語部分。
He can swim in the river, which I cannot.
4. 介詞 + which
They are all questions to which there are no answers.
· 關系代詞：that（1）
that多用來指物，有時也可以用來指人；在從句中作主語或賓語。指物的時候多用that，也可用which。
It』s a question that (which) needs careful consideration.
（指物，作主語。）
Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree?
（指人，作主語。）
The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Tom』s sister.
（指人，作賓語，可省略。）
· 關系代詞：that（2）
在以下的情況中，只能用that作引導詞，而不能用which作引導詞。
1. 先行詞為all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代詞時。
All (that) she lacked was training.
2. 先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
3. 先行詞被序數詞和the last修飾時
4. 先行詞中既有人又有物時
They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.
5. 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑問句，為了避免重復時
二、 狀語從句
1 地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句通常由where, wherever 引導。
Where I live there are plenty of trees.
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
2 方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引導。
1） as, (just) as…so…引導的方式狀語從句通常位於主句後，但在(just) as…so…結構中位於句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用於正式文體，例如：
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落後的東西。
2） as if, as though
兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或實現的可能性較大。漢譯常作"彷彿……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如：
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他們完全忽略了這些事實，就彷彿它不存在似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看來天氣很快就會好起來。（實現的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。）
說明：as if / as though也可以引導一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語，例如：
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
他目不轉睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要說什麼似的。
3 原因狀語從句
比較：because, since, as和for
1） because語勢最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
2） 由because引導的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 號，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
4 目的狀語從句
表示目的狀語的從句可以由that, so that, in order that, in case等詞引導，例如：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
5 結果狀語從句
結果狀語從句常由so… that 或 such…that引導，掌握這兩個句型，首先要了解so 和 such與其後的詞的搭配規律。
比較：so和 such
其規律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞片語，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。 so 還可與表示數量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many / few flowers such nice flowers
so much / little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當於 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）
so…that與such…that之間的轉換既為 so與such之間的轉換。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
6 條件狀語從句
連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。非真實條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。
unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
7 讓步狀語從句
though, although
注意： 當有though, although時，後面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
3) ever if, even though. 即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4) whether…or- 不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5) "no matter +疑問詞" 或"疑問詞+後綴ever"
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替換：no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意：no matter 不能引導主語從句和賓語從句。
（錯）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（對）Whatever you say is of no use now.
你現在說什麼也沒用了。(Whatever you say是主語從句)
（錯）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
（對）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 囚犯們只能給什麼吃什麼。
8 比較while, when, as
1）as, when 引導短暫性動作的動詞。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
2）當從句的動作發生於主句動作之前，只能用when 引導這個從句，不可用as 或 while。
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
3）從句表示"隨時間推移"連詞能用as，不用when 或while。
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
日子一天天過去，天氣越變越壞。
9 比較until和till
此兩個連詞意義相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某時"，動詞必須是延續性的。否定形式表達的意思是"直至某時才做某事"。動詞為延續性或非延續性都可 以。 正確使用這兩個連詞的關鍵之一就在於判斷句中的動詞該用肯定式還是否定式。
肯定句：
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜時醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等著我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）
否定句：
She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.
1)Until可用於句首，而till通常不用於句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告訴我以前，出了什麼事我一點也不知道。
2)Until when 疑問句中，until要放在句首。
---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什麼時候？
--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外兩種句式表示。
(1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒裝。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世紀初，人類才知道熱能是什麼。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到我開始工作，我才認識到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。
(2) It is not until… that…
10 表示"一…就…"的結構
hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than 和as soon as都可以表示"一…就…"的意思，例：
I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置於句首，句子必須用倒裝結構：
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
三、 名詞性從句
1）.賓語從句（The Object Clause）；
· 賓語從句
在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的引導詞和主語從句的引導詞相同。賓語從句可以作及物動詞的賓語，作短語動詞的賓語，介詞的賓語。
· 賓語從句：及物動詞
Everybody knows that money doesn't grow on trees.
· 賓語從句：短語動詞
Please go and find out when the train will arrive.
· 賓語從句：介詞的賓語
I am interested in what she is doing.
· 賓語從句：否定的轉移
I don't suppose you're used to this diet.
我想你不習慣這種飲食。
I don't believe she'll arrive before 8.
我相信她8點之前不會到。
2）.表語從句（The Predicative Clause）；
· 表語從句
在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句。表語從句的引導詞和主語從句的引導詞相同。
What the police want to know is when you entered the room.
This is what we should do.
That's why I want you to work there.
as if, as though, because也可用來引導表語從句。
She seems as if she had done a great thing.
It is because you eat too much.
· 虛擬語氣：表語從句
主語是idea, notion, proposal, suggestion, request等名詞時,作表語從句的動詞為原形動詞或should+原形動詞。
My suggestion is that we (should) go and help him.
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.
3）.同位語從句（The Appositive Clause）。
· 同位從句一般跟在某些名詞如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事實)，belief (信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；觀念)，promise(承諾)，information(信息)，conclusion(結論)，order(命令)， suggestion(建議)，problem(問題)，thought (想法)等後面。例如：
I had no idea that you were here.
She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.
He made a promise that he would never come late.
· 同位語從句：whether
whether可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用whether作為引導詞。
He hasn』t made the decision whether he will go there.
I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.
· 同位語從句：what
what可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用what作為引導詞
I have no idea what he is doing now.
· 同位語從句：how
how可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用how作為引導詞
It』s a question how he did it.
· 同位語從句和定語從句的區別（1）
同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關系；而定語從句是用來修飾先行詞，是從屬的關系。
· 同位語從句和定語從句的區別（2）
that在同位語從句中沒有詞義，不充當句子成分；而在定語從句中充當主語、賓語等句子成分。
· 同位語從句和定語從句的區別（3）
whether, what, how可以用來引導同位語從句；而它們不能用來引導定語從句。

Ⅷ 英語語法

關於小學英語語法總結，我可以根據我孩子學習的小學英語語法總結給你簡單交流一下。語法是英語中語言的結構規律。包括詞法和句法。和中文的語句語法是一樣的。也要掌握主謂賓語，孩子學習一定要知道單詞的詞義。我孩子學習語法是在能動英語學校學會的，他們主要是給孩子的學習中找方法。他們主要是用表音密碼方法學習。首先要增加英語的詞彙量，單詞掌握的多了，就容易聽懂。你可以先學習如何快速記單詞。表音密碼主要是破解百萬英語單詞的發音規律，只要記住發音規律 就可以達到見到單詞就能讀，讀出來就能拼寫的目的 。後期語法學習起來是非常輕松的。
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1.上
小學跟著老師思路走就行了1, ----What』s your name? ----你叫什麼名字？
----My name is ________. ----我叫……。
2, ----How old are you? ----你幾歲了？
----I』m 12. ----我十二歲。
II 詢問顏色。
1, ----What colour is it? ----它是什麼顏色的？
----It』s yellow and white. ----黃白相間。
2, ----What colour are they? ----它們是什麼顏色的？
----They』re green. ----綠色的。
III 詢問數量或價錢。
1, ----How many kites can you see? ----你可以看見幾只風箏？
----I can see 12. ----我可以看見十二隻風箏。
2, ----How many crayons do you have? ----你有多少支彩筆？
----I have 16. ----我有十六支。
3, ----How many people are there in your family? ----你家有幾口人？
----Three. ----三口人。
4, ----How much is this dress? ----這條連衣裙多少錢？
----It』s ninety-nine yuan. ----九十九元。
5, ----How much are these apples? ----這些蘋果多少錢？
----They』re thirty-five yuan. ----三十五元。
IV 詢問時間或日期。
1, ----What time is it now? ----現在幾點鍾？
----It』s nine o』clock.. It』s time for English class. ----九點。該上英語課了。
(----It』s eight o』clock. It』s time to go to bed.) （----八點。該上床睡覺了。）
2, ----What day is it today? ----今天星期幾？
----It』s Monday. ----星期一。
(----What do we have on Mondays? （----我們星期一上哪些課？
----We have Chinese, English, math …) ----語文、英語、數學……）
3, ----When is your birthday? ----你的生日是什麼時候？
----It』s October 1st, our National Day. ----十月一日，國慶節。
4, ----When do you do morning exercises? ----你們什麼時候做早鍛煉？
----I usually do morning exercises at 8:30. ----我們通常8：30做早鍛煉。
V 詢問方位或地方。
1, ----Where is my toy car? ----我的玩具汽車在哪兒？
----It』s here, under the chair. ----在這兒，在椅子下面。
2, ----Where is the canteen? ----餐廳在哪兒？
----It』s on the first floor. ----在一樓。
3, ----Where are the keys? ----鑰匙在哪兒？
----They』re in the door. ----在門上。
4, ----Excuse me. Where is the library, please? ----對不起，請問圖書館在哪兒？
----It』s near the post office. ----在郵局附近。
5, ----Where are you from? ----你從哪兒來？
----I』m from China. ----我從中國來。
6, ----Where does the rain come from? ----雨是從哪兒來的？
----It comes from the clouds. ----它是從雲層里來的。
VI 詢問想吃的東西。
1, ----What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ? ----你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃點什麼？
----I』d like some bread and milk / rice and soup. ----我想吃麵包和牛奶/米飯和湯。
2, ----What』s for breakfast / lunch / dinner? ----早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什麼？
----Hamburgers and orange juice. ----漢堡包和橙汁。
VII 詢問天氣狀況。
1, ----What』s the weather like in Beijing? ----北京的天氣如何？
----It』s rainy today. How about New York? ----今天是雨天。紐約呢？
----It』s sunny and hot. ----今天是晴天，天氣很熱。
VIII 詢問身體狀況或情緒。
1, ----How do you feel? ----你感覺如何？
----I feel sick. ----我覺得不舒服。
2, ----What』s the matter? ----怎麼了？
----My throat is sore. / I have a sore throat. ----我的喉嚨疼。
3, ----How are you, Sarah? You look so happy. ----你好嗎，莎拉？你看起來這么傷心。
----I failed the math test. ----我的數學考試沒有通過。
IX 詢問職業、身份或人物。
1, ----What』s your father / mother? ----你的父親 / 母親是做什麼的？
----He』s a doctor. / She』s a teacher. ----他是一名醫生。/ 她是一名教師。
2, ----What does you mother / father do? ----你的母親 / 父親是做什麼的？
----She』s a TV reporter. / He』s a teacher. He teaches English.
----她是一名電視台記者。/他是一名教師。他教英語。
3, ----Who』s that man / woman? ----那位男士 / 女士是誰？
----He』s my father. / She』s my mother. ----他是我父親。 / 她是我母親。
4, ----Who』s this boy / girl? ----那個男孩兒 / 女孩兒是誰？
----He』s my brother. / She』s my sister. ----他是我兄弟。 / 她是我姐妹。
5, ----Who』s your art teacher? ----你們的美術老師是誰？
----Miss Wang. ----王老師。
----What』s she like? ----她長什麼樣兒？
----She』s young and thin. ----她很年輕、苗條。
X 詢問興趣、喜好。
1, ----What』s your favourite food / drink? ----你最喜歡的食物 / 飲料是什麼？
----Fish / orange juice. ----魚。 / 橙汁。
2, ----What』s your favourite season? ----你最喜歡的季節是什麼？
----Winter. ----冬天。
(----Which season do you like best? （----你最喜歡哪個季節？
----Winter.) ----冬天。）
----Why do you like winter? ----你為什麼喜歡冬天？
----Because I can make a snowman. ----因為可以堆雪人。
3, ----What』s your hobby? ----你的愛好是什麼？
----I like collecting stamps. ----我喜歡集郵。
----What』s his hobby? ----他的愛好是什麼？
----He likes riding a bike. ----他喜歡騎自行車。
4, ----Do you like peaches? ----你喜歡吃桃子嗎？
----Yes, I do. / No, I don』t. ----喜歡。/ 不喜歡。
XI 詢問平時一般或通常做的事情。
1, ----What do you do on Saturdays / on the weekends? ----你星期六 / 周末一般做什麼？
----I usually do my homework. Sometimes I play football. ----我通常做作業，有時候踢足球。
XII 詢問正在做的事情。
1, ----What are you doing? ----你在做什麼？
----I』m doing the dishes. ----我在洗盤子。
2, ----What』s your father doing? ----你父親正在做什麼？
----He』s writing an e-mail. ----他正在寫電子郵件。
3, ----What』s Mike doing? ----邁克正在干什麼？
----He』s watching insects. ----他正在觀察昆蟲。
4, ----What』s the tiger doing? ----那隻老虎在干什麼？
----It』s running. ----它在奔跑。
5, ----What are the elephants doing? ----那些大象在干什麼？
----They』re drinking. ----它們正在喝水。
XIII 詢問將要做的事情。
1, ----What are you going to do? ----你准備做什麼？
----I』m going to the cinema. ----我准備去看電影。
----When are you going to do? ----你准備什麼時候去？
----This afternoon. ----今天下午。
2, ----Where are you going this afternoon? ----今天下午你准備到哪兒去？
----I』m going to the bookstore. ----我准備到書店去。
----What are you going to buy? ----你打算買點兒什麼？
----I』m going to buy a comic book. ----我准備買本漫畫書。

Ⅸ 英文語法，關於單復數

英語語法中的單復數同行就是單數和復數是一樣的 這樣的單詞有 sheep fish deer Chinese Japanese等專等
eg：屬a sheep two sheep sheep 後就不用加s了