1. 高考英語之虛擬語氣歸納整理的wish和as if
1.表示與現在事實相反的願望
構成:主語 + wish (that) + 從句主語 + 動詞過去式 (be 一律用were)
例如:I wish I knew everything in the world.我希望我知道世界上所有的事。
I wish that the experiment were a success.我希望這個實驗是成功的。
We wish we had wings.我們希望有翅膀。
2.表示與過去事實相反的願望
構成:主語 + wish (that) + 從句主語 + would/could + have + 過去分詞或had + 過去分詞
例如:I wish that you hadcome yesterday.我希望你昨天來過。
I wish that I could have gone with you last night.我希望我昨晚能和你一起去。
I didn』t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.我沒有去參加晚會,但是我真的希望我去過那裡。
3.表示將來不大可能實現的願望
構成:主語 + wish (that) + 從句主語 + would/should/could/might + 原形動詞
例如:I wish that he could try again.我希望他能再次嘗試。
I wish that someday I should live on the moon.
We wish that they would come soon.
II. ASif 引出的虛擬。
As if….表好像……我們經常會利用一下句型來表達不能實現的虛擬狀態:It is as if……。 (就好象是……)
As if + 從句, 主句。 (好像…… Sb.+ do…)表達一種假設的條件。而 As if 之後的假設內容的語法結構和wish虛擬的結構一樣。
L. 33 A Day to Remember 中原句, 「As if this were not enough to rece you to tears, your husband arrives.」 就利用了和現在事實相反的假設虛擬。北京新東方名師指出,要善於總結出一些學習語法的技巧,如利用對比,舉例等方法進行學習。
註:Something is to happened,I'm to face it。
2. wish和if only引導的虛擬語氣
if only 和wish 要表示將來的虛擬,要退一步
用過去將來時
I wish you would go with us tomorrow 要是你明天同我們一起去就專好了
If only she would come! 但願他屬能來
3. 英語語法和if的用法
whether和if的用法分析
一、相同之處。
1.whether和if都能引導賓語從句,常置於see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等動詞之後。
如:He asked me whether/is I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there.
2.whether和if都可用it作形式主語從句中。如: it's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.
3.在be uncertain/doubtful之後,常用whether引導賓語從句,有時也可以用if,如: We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come.
二、不同之處。
1.whether可置於句首引導主語從句,而if不能。如: ___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet. A.whether B.If C.Whether D.That 答案是C。
2.whether可用在介詞之後,引導賓語從句,而If則不能。如: Success depends on whether we make evough effort.
3.whether可引導表語從句,if則不能。如: The puestion is whether it is not worth doing.
4.在名詞之後引導同位語從句時,用whether而不用if。如: The question whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher.
5.whether後可接不定式,而if不能。如: Please tell us whether to go or stay here.
6.在有些動詞(如discuss)之後,只能用whether,而不用if引導賓語從句。如: We discussed whether we should close the shop.
7.在引導否定概念in賓語從句時,只能用if,而不用whether.如:he asked me if I hadn't finished my work.
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
whether和if都可以引導賓語從句,表示「是否」,在口語或間接引語中兩者可以互換使用。如:
I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.
Ask him whether / if he can come.
但在有些情況下,whether和if的用法有一定區別。
1. whether引導的從句常可以與連詞or或or not直接連用,而if一般不能。如:
正: Let me know whether you can come or not.
誤: Let me know if you can come or not.
2. 當賓語從句提到句首時,只能用whether引導,而不能用if。如:
正: Whether it is true or not, I can』t tell.
誤: If it is true or not, I can』t tell.
3. whether可以引導帶to的不定式,if則不能。如:
正: I don』t know whether to accept or refuse.
誤: I don』t know if to accept or refuse.
4. whether及其引導的成分可放於介詞之後,作介詞的賓語,但if不能。如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
誤: I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
5. whether可以引導從句,作主語、表語或同位語,而if不能。如:
正: It was uncertain whether he would come.
誤: It was uncertain if he would come.
正: His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
誤: His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
正: We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.
誤: We must consider the question if we will take these measures.
4. i wish 和 if only 的用法。
由wish引起的表示願望的虛擬語氣
A.用wish表示對現在的願望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:過去式(be動詞用were)。
B.用wish表示對將來的願望時,它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為:would, could, might+ 動詞原形。
C.wish用於對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的願望時,賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為:had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。
I wish that he weren』t so lazy.
I wish I hadn't wasted so much time.
I wish she would change her mind.
if和if only都可以引導虛擬語氣,而且用法也差不多,關於前面的動詞形式,主要看時間詞,例如
If only he could/would/might visit us 《tomorrow》 .(與將來事實相反)
he visited us 《today》 .(與現在事實相反)
he had/(could have) visited us 《yesterday》 .(與過去事實相反)
if only 翻譯為「要是......就好了」
1,only if相當於if的加強版,引導條件狀語從句,意思是[只有在....的「假設」條件下],那麼它虛擬語氣形式和if是完全相同的,關於If引導的與「事實相反的條件狀語從句「的虛擬語氣在各時態的變化形式
2,if only的意思是」如果.....就好了「,它的意思等同於wish,表達與事實相反或可能性不大的願望時,虛擬語氣形式同wish。與only if的虛擬語氣形式有不同
ps最大的區別就是only if引導主-從結構,而if only相當於一個句子中的狀語,不是從句的引導詞。
5. If和wish後用were還是was
在If和wish後要用were,而來不是源was,這句話指的是在虛擬語氣中,在虛擬語氣中如果有BE動詞的一律都用were,不管是第幾人稱都用were。
如果不在虛擬語氣中,I後面就用was。
主要是你要弄懂哪些是虛擬語氣,哪些不是。虛擬語氣是永遠也不能實現願望,就象你的例句一樣,如果我是你,我就....,你想想我能成為你嗎,這是永遠都不可能的,這樣的句子就是虛擬語氣。
6. 英語定語從句中which的特殊用法 虛擬語氣中wish、if 的特殊用法
which: 引導非復限制性定語從句,常用制逗號與先行項隔開,可指代某個先行詞,也可指代前面整句話。
虛擬語氣的特點是時態後退。wish that 從句和if從句後常見的形式有:一般過去時(與現在情況相反,系動詞統一用were),過去完成時(與過去情況相反),一般過去時(將來不太可能發生,if句後還可用were to do/should do)。此時,wish表示希望。當wish用於wish to do/wish sb to do時等同於want。
7. wish的虛擬和if的虛擬有什麼不同滴什麼時候用should+動原哦
虛擬語氣在語氣上是一樣的,只是要區分清楚和現在,過去還是將來的虛擬的問題版。
wish 後面的虛擬權語氣 如果是和現在的虛擬用過去式,be 用were; 這是從句部分的虛擬;總之,wish 後面的從句都不用should+do
if 條件句,也是要區分這三種情況,分清主從句,記住句型就好了
should主要用於suggest(建議); order; command等引導的賓語從句中,此時的should 可以省略。
還有就是你列舉的這樣的主語從句中,should可以省略。
樓主,希望對你有幫助。
8. 英語 wish的用法
祈使句就是原形動詞阿
想想let『s do。。。不也是祈使句嗎?用的就是動詞原形哦
9. wish的賓語從句謂語和as if和would rather的虛擬語氣用法一樣嗎另錯綜和半真半
wish,as if,would rather三個虛擬的方法一樣的,是退一步,
現在的情況用過去式,過去的情況用過去完版成
注意一點就是as if有時不一定權是虛擬
He talks as if he is drunk 說話像醉了(實際上是醉了)
直接用陳述語氣就可以了
錯綜的話
If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you would be quite all right now.
如果你昨天吃了葯的話,現在就已經痊癒了。
半真半倒是現在新創造的語法術語嗎
10. 除了if於wish引領的虛擬語氣句外虛擬語氣的具體用法
虛擬語氣是一項語法難點,為了讓學員們便於理解與記憶,我們把虛擬語氣分成三大塊來討論:
1.名詞從句中的虛擬語氣
標志詞+should+動詞原形
2.條件從句中的虛擬語氣
①三種基本態
②倒裝虛擬句
③混時虛擬句
④含蓄虛擬句
⑤跳層虛擬句
3.其它情形中的虛擬語氣(wish/would
rather/It』s
high
time…/If
only…/lest)
一.三種基本形態(1)
表虛擬的時間
if從句謂語形式
主句謂語形式
現在:
did
/
were
would
(should,
might,
could)+do
過去:
had
done/
had
been
would
(should/might/could)+have
done(been)
將來:
were
to/
should+do
would
(should,
might,
could)+do
三種基本形態(2)(這是基礎,建議牢記下面的例句,爭取能脫口而出)
與現在事實相反:If
I
had
enough
money,
I
would
buy
a
book.
與過去事實相反:If
I
had
had
enough
money,
I
would
have
bought
a
book.
與將來事實相反:If
I
were
to
have
enough
money,
I
would
buy
a
book.
If
I
should
have
enough
money,
I
would
buy
a
book.
二、倒裝虛擬句(只能與過去/將來事實相反,省去if,只有三種倒裝形式)
Had
I
had
enough
money,
I
would
have
bought
a
book.
Were
I
to
have
enough
money,
I
would
buy
a
book.
Should
I
have
enough
money,
I
would
buy
a
book.
三、混合時間虛擬語氣(主要是抓住時間狀語)
(對過去事實虛擬+對現在事實虛擬)
If
I
had
studied
English
at
school,
I
could
read
the
English
novel
now.
(對現在事實虛擬+對過去事實虛擬)
If
she
were
not
so
careless,
she
wouldn』t
have
made
such
a
mistake.
四、含蓄虛擬句(在四級考試中目前還未出現此考點,但在閱讀中常見)
3.
虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。在句型「It
is
important
(necessary,
strange,
natural等)
that...」
中,that
後面的從句中的謂語動詞用(should)
+
動詞原形。
It's
necessary
that
we
should
have
a
walk
now.
我們現在有必要出去散散步。
What
would
I
have
done
without
you?
But
for
their
help,
I
would
not
have
finished
the
task.
But
that
the
doctor
arrived
on
time
that
day,
they
would
have
been
dead.
Given
more
time,
I
would
have
been
able
to
finish
the
test.
五、跳層虛擬句(即句子一半為虛擬,另一半為陳述語氣;but前句用虛擬而or/otherwise後句用虛擬)
(but)
He
would
put
on
weight,
but
he
doesn't
eat
much.
(與現在事實相反)
He
would
have
put
on
weight,
but
he
didn't
eat
much.
(與過去事實相反)
(or,
or
else,
otherwise)
I
forget
where
I
read
the
article,
or
I
would
show
it
to
you
now.
(與現在事實相反)
Mary
couldn't
have
received
my
letter,
otherwise
she
would
have
replied
before
now.
(與過去事實相反)