『壹』 牛津初中英語7A重要片語句子語法
不好上傳Word，你沒給郵箱，只能在這里給你黏貼上來了，回頭自己調整下格式吧。重點片語、句子我覺得很了，語法講解的內容也有PPT，仍然是不好上傳。。希望對你有用吧
牛津初中英語7AUnit5知識點歸納
重點短語
Comic strips and Welcome to the unit
go shopping = do some/the shopping 去購物
want (sb) to do sth = would like (sb) to do sth
想要(某人)做某事
be free = have time = be not busy 有空
need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事
come with me 跟我來
a photo album 一本相冊
come up 到來、發生、出現
buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 為某人買某物
Reading
look for…/find尋找(強調過程)/找到 (強調結果)
just a minute = wait a moment = wait for a short time
稍等片刻
take/have a look（at）……看一看……
quite expensive /dear 太貴了.
last year』s cards 去年的卡片
a discount on sth 在……上打折
at a 20% discount 打8折
many kinds of hair clips 許多種發夾
be sure 確信
find sth for sb 為某人找到某物
match sth (well) = go well with sth 與……很搭配
enough money/ tall enough 足夠的錢/足夠的高
have enough money to do sth 有足夠的錢做某事
Never mind 不要緊,沒關系
as much as you want 想要多少有多少
the same +名詞 + as 和……一樣的東西
Vocabulary and Grammar
a sports shop / shoe shop 一個體育用品店/鞋店
an electrical shop/clothes shop一個家電商場/服裝店
different kinds of (books) 不同種類的(書)
something good = some good things一些好的東西
four Walkmans 4個隨身聽
write (a letter ) to sb = write sb a letter 寫信給某人
invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事
come to one's birthday party 參加某人的生日聚會
at present = at the moment = now = right now
此刻、現在、目前
wait for sb 等待某人
wait for one's turn = take turns 等候輪到某人/依次
It's one's turn to do sth 輪到某人做某事
(sb) pay for sth (某人) 付錢買某物
carry lots of shopping bags提許多購物袋
stay out too late呆在外面太晚
see you later 回頭見/呆會兒見
have a birthday party開生日派對
at one』s party 在某人的聚會上
stand at the table站在桌旁
play with sb/sth 與……一起玩
chat with sb about sth 和某人聊某事或某物
Here comes Mr Wu 吳老師來了(倒裝句)
make a wish / make wishes許願
Integrated skills and Study skills
(spend one』s) pocket money (花)零用錢
an ad in the newspaper報紙上的一則廣告
help the children from poor areas
幫助來自貧困地區的孩子們
children in need需要幫助的孩子們
writing paper書寫紙、稿紙
donate some money（to sb）捐款(給某人）
call sb on + 電話號碼
撥/根據……號碼給某人打電話
send sb sth = send sth to sb 送給某人某物
raise some money for sb 為某人募集錢
try ( it /them) on 試穿（代詞放中間）
a pair of football boots 一雙足球靴
what size 多大尺碼
fit（sb）very well 很適合(某人)
a cheaper pair較便宜的一雙
write down 記下,寫下
Main task and Checkout
on the top floor 在頂樓
near the bus stop 在公共汽車站附近
a computer games centre 電腦游戲中心
5 floors of shops五層的商店
be easy to find 容易找到
a fun place to go 一個有趣的好去處
a good place to meet friends 約見朋友的好地方
too many people/too much food 太多的人/食物
need some more (數字/some + more 再、又)
還/再需要一些
stand outside a toy shop 站在玩具店外面
inside the shop next door 在隔壁的商店裡面
call 110 for help 打110求助
重點句子
1.I want you to go shopping with me 我想要你和我一起去購物
2.I'm not free today = I'm busy today = I have no time today 今天我沒有空
3.I don't have any money = I have no money 我沒有錢
4.I need you to carry all the bags 我需要你提所有的包
5.Simon's birthday is coming up 西蒙的生日快到了
6.There's a discount on last year's cards 去年的卡片上有折扣
7.These beautiful hair clips match her favourite T-shirt 這些漂亮的發夾很配她最喜歡的T恤
8.I don't have enough money to buy a CD for her 我沒有足夠的錢買CD給她
9.I'll buy them = I'll take them 我就買他們
10.Are you playing the game with him now ? 你現在正和他玩游戲嗎?
No,I'm not.I am waiting for my turn 不,我正在等著輪到我
11.Are you studying at the moment ? 此刻你在學習嗎?
12.He always does so 他總是如此做
13.What size are your feet ? = What size shoes do you wear ? 你穿多大尺碼?
I am a size eight = I am Size 8/Eight 我穿8碼
14.The new shopping mall is easy to find 這個新購物中心很容易找到
15.However,there are not many shops for boys 然而這沒有許多為男孩子開的店
16.Could I try them on ,please? Yes,of course 我可以試穿嗎?是的,當然可以
17.詢問價格 What's the price of ……？= How much is it/are they ？
= How much does it /do they cost ？
How much is the book ？= How much does the book cost ？ 這本書多少錢
=How much do you spend on the book？= How much do you spend（in）buying the book ？
=What's the price of the book ? = How much do you pay for the book ?
18.He is inviting Mr Wu to come to the party 他正在邀請吳先生來參加聚會
19.花費種種 1.sb spend time /money on sth (spend-spent) 某人花費多少時間/金錢在……上
2.sb spend time /money （in）doing sth 某人花費多少時間/金錢在做某事上
3.sb pay + money for sth (pay-paid) 某人花多少錢買某物
4.sb pay for sth 某人付錢買某物
5.sth cost(s) sb + money (cost-cost) 某物花費某人多少錢
6.It takes（sb) some time to do sth (take--took) 花費某人一段時間做某事
20. It's my turn to clean the blackboard 輪到我擦黑板了
21.購物時服務員通常說：Can /May I help you ？= What can I do for you ？
= What are you looking for ？= Is there anything I can do for you ？
22.I like watching a film before I go shopping 我喜歡在購物前看一部電影
=I like watching a film before going shopping （ before 的反義詞為 after）
23.We would like to help the children in poor areas in our country我們想幫助我國貧困地區的兒童
24.We are raising some money for the children in poor areas 我們正在為貧困地區的兒童募集錢
25.This pair of shoes fits me very well 這雙鞋子很適合我
26. I don』t want to buy the same things as Amy did 我不想買跟Amy一樣的東西
27.The shopping mall is a good place to meet friends 購物中心是一個約見朋友的好地方
28.The girl is looking for her mother,but she can't find her 這個小女孩在找媽媽,但是找不到她
29.I 'm sure you can find some nice clips for your friend 我確信你能為你的朋友找到一些好的發夾
30.They are ￥200 = They cost ￥200 他們價格是200元
31.I think the mall needs some more shops for boys 我認為購物中心還需要一些適合男孩子的店
『貳』 牛津版初中英語語法
大型書店有賣的 沒有可以到新華書店定
『叄』 牛津高中英語所有模塊的語法詳細的歸納與整理
在英語句子里，謂語受主語支配，其動詞必須和主語在人稱和數上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。尋其規律，大致可歸納為三個原則，即語法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原則。 （一）語法一致原則：語法上一致就是謂語動詞和主語在單、復數形式上保持一致。 1、以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式；主語為復數時，謂語動詞用復數形式。如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 注意：由what引導的主語從句，後面的謂語動詞多數情況用單數形式，但若表語是復數或what從句是一個帶有復數意義的並列結構時，主句的謂語動詞用復數形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 2、由連接詞and或both … and連接起來的合成主語後面，要用復數形式的謂語動詞。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意：① 若and所連接的兩個詞是指同一個人或物時，它後面的謂語動詞就應用單數形式。如：The writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and連接的並列單數主語前如果分別有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3、主語為單數名詞或代詞，盡管後面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數形式；若主語為復數，謂語用復數形式。如：Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4、either, neither, each, every 或no +單數名詞和由some, any, no, every構成的復合不定代詞，都作單數看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 注意：① 在口語中當either或neither後跟有「of+復數名詞（或代詞）」作主語時，其謂語動詞也可用復數。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of後面的名詞是不可數名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數；若它後面的名詞是復數，它的謂語動詞用單數或復數都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America. 5、在定語從句時，關系代詞that, who, which等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數應與句中先行詞的數一致。如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 6、如果集體名詞指的是整個集體，它的謂語動詞用單數；如果它指集體的成員，其謂語動詞就用復數形式。這些詞有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意：people, police, cattle等名詞一般都用作復數。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7、由「a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名詞」構成的短語以及由「分數或百分數+名詞」構成的短語作主語，其謂語動詞的數要根據短語中後面名詞的數而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls. 注意： a number of「許多」，作定語修飾復數名詞，謂語用復數；the number of「…的數量」，主語是number，謂語用單數。 8、在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數應與其後的主語一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts. （二）邏輯意義一致原則：邏輯意義一致就是謂語動詞的數必須和主語的意義一致（因有時主語形式為單數，但意義為復數；有時形式為復數，但意義為單數）。 1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代詞可以是單數，也可是復數，主要靠意思來決定。如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing. 2、表示「時間、重量、長度、價值」等的名詞的復數作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式， 這是由於作主語的名詞在概念上是一個整體，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、若英語是書名、片名、格言、劇名、報名、國名等的復數形式，其謂語動詞通常用單數形式。如： 「The Arabian Nights」is an interesting story-book. 4、表數量的短語「one and a half」後接復數名詞作主語時，其謂語動詞可用單數形式（也可用復數。如：One and a half apples is (are) left on the table. 5、算式中表示數目（字）的主語通常作單數看待，其謂語動詞採用單數形式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven. 6、一些學科名詞是以 –ics 結尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都屬於形式上是復數的名詞，實際意義為單數名詞，它們作主語時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn』t easy to study. 7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等詞作主語時，謂語用復數，但如果這些名詞前有a (the) pair of等量詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數。如：My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his. 8、「定冠詞the + 形容詞或分詞」，表示某一類人時，動詞用復數。 （三）就近一致原則：在英語句子中，有時謂語動詞的人稱和數與最近的主語保持一致。 1、當兩個主語由either … or, neither … nor, whether … or …, not only … but also連接時，謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right? 2、there be句型be動詞單復數取決於其後的主語。如果其後是由and連接的兩個主語，則應與靠近的那個主語保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room..注意：Here引導的句子用法同上。 語法經典練習：1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be2. The rich ____ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.have3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.be6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.A.is B.are C.has D.have10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.A.is B.was C.are D.is being13. The great writer and professor____.A. is an old man B. are both old menC. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.A.are B.is C.has D.have15. A large number of students in our class____ girls.A. are B. was C. is D. be16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are.A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published.A. has been B.have been C.was D.is19. A chemical works____ built there.A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years.A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world.A.is B.are C.was D.were22.He is the only one of die students who ____ elected.A. are B.have C.has D.is23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.A.have B.has C. have been D.has been24.Many a man ____ come to help us.A.have B.has C.is D.are25."All____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are26. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for B. were searching forC. are searching for D. were searching27.Your trousers____ dirty.You must have____ washed.A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them28.This pair of trouseis ____ too long for him.A.is B.be C.are D.were29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table.A.is B.are C.has D.have30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four.A.is B.are C.get D.equal Keys:1~5 AAACA 6~10 CBDAD 11~15 ACABA 16~20 AABDB 21~25 ADCBC 26~30 BCAAA 31~35 ACAAB 36~40 CABBA 41~45 BCCCA 46~50 ADBBC
『肆』 初二英語語法牛津版的知識點
Chapter one:冠詞the，an,a的用法
Chapter two:代詞的用法
Chapter three:情態動詞的用法
Chapter four:物主代詞的用法
Chapter five:數量的表達內
Chapter six:should和ought to用法及怎樣表容達稱贊和同情
『伍』 牛津初中英語的語法還有句型歸納
你可以試試奧風英語的 中學語法三劍客 分中考版和高考版。中考版內包括 中考語法完全突破容 視頻教程，記憶大綱，和精編中考語法專項練習，三件一套，大綱供背誦記憶，練習供運用鞏固，學記練一體，全面系統，配套完善，直節針對中考，可以說是目前公認最好的語法資料了。網路 中考語法完全突破 或進入奧風英語網站即可找到視頻，不妨搜來看看。
『陸』 沈陽初中牛津英語語法重點
從冠詞，名詞，代詞，數詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞，動詞及動詞片語，動版詞的時態與語態，非謂權語動詞，情態動詞，虛擬語氣，定語從句，名詞性從句，狀語從句慢慢來
堅持每天能背小段話，循序漸進就能一天背一篇文章，背書是為了增強語感
每天可以在玩的時候打開復讀機，不要刻意聽，偶爾你會不自覺的聽到幾句話，並且聽得懂，這樣慢慢地英語就能好了
『柒』 牛津版初一英語的語法知識點
時態講解
一、一般現在時主要用於：
1 、表示經常性或習慣性動作。 e.g. It seldom snows here.
2 、表示現在的特徵或狀態。 e.g. He is always ready to help others.
3 、普遍真理。 e.g. Action speaks louder than words.
4 、劇情圖片介紹，背景說明，動作解說。 e.g. (Tom enters the room and sits at the table)
Doctor ： What's your trouble, young man?
Tom ： I've caught a cold, doctor.
5 、時間、條件、讓步、方式狀語從句表將要發生的動作時。
e.g. Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.
與這種時態連用的時間狀語常有： always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。
二、一般過去時主要用於：
1 、表示過去某個時間發生的動作或情況（包括習慣性的動作或狀態）
e.g. When did you read the novel? She often came to help us in those days.
2 、談到過去的情況時 e.g. I didn't know you were so busy.
3 、談到已死人的情況時 e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.
與這個時態連用的時間狀語常有：
yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now, when, after, as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句，表示主句動作開始的時間。
三、現在完成時主要用於：
1 、表示到現在為止這一時期中發生的動作或情況，即多次動作的總和。
e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month. How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven't seen each other.
2 、表示對現在有影響的某一已發生的動作。
e.g. The delegation has left 代表團已經走了（說明現在不在這里） Look, what you have done. 看你乾的事。
與這一時態連用的時間狀語有： already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短語，連詞 since 引導的時間狀語從句。
一般過去時與現在完成時的區別：
一般過去時：重在說明動作在過去發生時的具體情況（時間、地點、方式、對象、細節等）。
現在完成時：只提起已發生的動作（事實）及其影響，不說明動作發生時的具體情況。
cf. Have you had your lunch? What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall, and I went there last summer with my father.
註：現在完成時表達的動作常具有反復性，故下面一句是錯的：
Have you seen the six thirty's news program? 應改為： Did you see the six thirty's news program?
四、現在完成進行時主要用於：表示過去開始的某一動作一直持續到現在，以至延伸到將來，它強調動作延續時間之長久。e.g. I've been writing an article. 我一直在寫一篇文章。（還在寫）
cf. I've written an article. 我寫了一篇文章。（已寫完）
It has been raining these days. 這些天一直在下雨。
五、過去完成時
1 、過去完成時是一個相對時態，表示過去的過去，只有在兩個過去發生的動作相比較時才可顯示出來。
e.g. As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
註：主從句表達的動作緊接時，即兩動作發生的時間沒有明顯時間上的懸殊或空檔時，主從句都可用一般過去時。 e.g. Where did your brother study before he joined the army?
2 、過去完成時可表示截止過去某一時間動作的總或動作的結束。
e.g. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books By eight o'clock, he had finished his homework.
與這個時態連用的時間狀語常有： by 1985, by eight o'clock, by then, by the end of last month, by the time when, when, as soon as, before 等連詞引導的時間狀語從句，表示主句動作結束的時間。
（六）現在進行時主要用於：
1 、表示現在或現階段正在進行的動作。 e.g. Listen, someone is crying. What are you doing these days?
2 、代替一般現在時，表示經常性動作或狀態，而含有某種感情色彩。
e.g. How are you feeling today? 你今天感覺怎樣？（顯得親切）
He is doing well in his lessons. 他的功課很好。（贊揚）
You are always boasting. 你老愛吹牛。（厭煩）
3 、動詞 go, come, leave, arrive 等表將要發生的動作時。 e.g. They are leaving for Shanghai.
與這種時態連用的時間狀語常有： now, these days, recently, this week 等。
七、過去進行時主要用於： 表示過去某個時刻或階段正在進行的動作。
e.g. At that time she was working in a PLA unit. 那時她在解放軍某部工作。
What were you doing this time yesterday?
與這個時態連用的時間狀語常用： at nine o'clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。
用 when 引導的時間狀語從句表示主句的動作正在進行的時間。
e.g. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
註：
1 、 while 引導時間狀語從句敘述過去的動作時，從句常用過去進行時。
e.g. I read a magazine while I was waiting for the bus.
2 、 when 用作並列連詞，意為「這時」，連接兩分句時，第一句多用過去進行時。
e.g. I was reading a newspaper when he came in.
一般過去時與過去進行時的區別：
一般過去時：強調過去某一時間開始或完成的動作。
過去進行時：強調過去某一時間正在進行的動作。
試區別下面兩句：
We were building a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我們在修建一座水庫。（可能尚未建成）
We built a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我們修建了一座水庫。（已經建成）
八、一般將來時主要用於： 表示將要發生的動作或情況
e.g. Tom will have a bike of his own.
與這個時態連用的時間狀語常用： tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。
一般將來時態與其它結構表將來情況的區別：
一般將來時態 ：主要從時間的角度表將要發生的動作或情況。
be going to 結構 ：①表（主觀上）打算或准備做某事時。 ②表有發生某事的預兆時。
e.g. They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.
據以上區別，故下面一句是錯的：
I am going to be eighteen years old next year. 應改為： I shall be eighteen years old next year.
be about to do sth 結構 ：意為「剛要做某事」、「馬上要做某事」強調時間之緊迫性。
e.g. We are about to discuss this problem. 我們將馬上討論這個問題。
be to do sth 結構： 表示按計劃、安排、規定將實施某事或表示註定會發生某事。
e.g. When is the train to leave. All these things are to be answered for.
及物動詞與不及物動詞
英語中按動詞後可否直接跟賓語，可把動詞分成及物動詞與和及物動詞。
1.及物動詞： 字典里詞後標有vt. 的就是及物動詞。及物動詞後必須跟有動作的對象（即賓語），可直接跟賓語。see 看見 (vt.) +賓語 I can see a boy.
2.不及物動詞：字典里詞後標有vi. 的就是不及物動詞。不及物動詞後不能直接跟有動作的對象（即賓語）。若要跟賓語，必須先在其後添加上某個介詞，如to,of ,at後方可跟上賓語。
具體每個動詞後究竟加什麼介詞就得背動詞短語了，如listen to,look at…..
3. 賓語（動作的對象）：是名詞或代詞，或相當於名詞的詞或短語（如動名詞）。其它詞不看作動作的對象呢。
4.舉例：「看」
(1)see 看見 (vt.) +賓語 I can see a boy.
(2)look 看 (vi.) x賓語(即不能直接加賓語). Look! She is singing.
Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副詞，不是名詞，故不作賓語喲)
(3)look at 看…….+賓語 Look at me carefully! (me是代詞，作賓語了)
連系動詞
連系動詞本身有一定的詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,必須與表語一起構成謂語。
表語通常由名詞、形容詞,或相當於名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當,說明主語是什麼或怎麼樣。
一、 連系動詞的類型有：
1. "存在"類:表示存在或具有某種特徵或狀態.這類連系動詞強調"存在"。常見的有:be(是),look(看起來),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、顯得),prove(證明是),smell(聞起來),taste(嘗起來),sound(聽起來)等。例如:
The story sounds true.
Those oranges taste good.
2. "持續"類:表示某種情況或狀態的持續。這類連系動詞強調"持續"。常見的有:remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(繼續、仍舊),stand(處於某狀況或情形)等。例如:
Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days.
It's already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. What's the matter?
3. "變化"類:表示由一種情況或狀態變化成另一種情況或狀態。這類連系動詞強調"變化"後的情況或狀態.常見的有:become(變成), turn(變成), grow(變得), go(變得)等。例如:
Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.
二、注意事項
1. 有些連系動詞通常不用於被動語態和進行時態中。如:feel, taste等詞。例如:
-Do you like the material?
-Yes, it feels very soft.
2. 一般情況下,連系動詞主要跟形容詞或分詞作表語。例如:
Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.
3. 能跟名詞作表語的連系動詞常見的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等.注意:turn後跟(表示主語身份的)名詞作表語時,不加冠詞。例如:
Twenty years later, he turned teacher.
The population growth in China remains a problem.
4. 連系動詞也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常見的有:appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。例如:
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time.
終止性動詞與延續性動詞
終止性動詞指不會持續一段時間的動作,即動作在瞬間或短時間內完成。 例如:get arrive 這類動詞不與一段時間連用
終止性動詞:表示不能延續的動作,即動作發生後立即結束。如:begin,arrive, borrow, ...終止性動詞的肯定式是不能持續的,所以不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用,而終止性的否定式就可以和表一段時間的狀語.
一、延續性動詞和終止性動詞的概念
英語中，動詞按其動作發生的方式、動作發生過程的長短，可分為延續性動詞和終止性動詞。
延續性動詞表示能夠延續的動作，這種動作可以延續下去或產生持久影響。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
終止性動詞也稱非延續性動詞、瞬間動詞或短暫性動詞，表示不能延續的動作，這種動作發生後立即結束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。
二、延續性動詞的用法特徵
1.延續性動詞可以用於現在完成時，其完成時態可與表示"段時間"的狀語連用。表示"段時間"的短語有：for two years, ring the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自從我來到這兒就學英語了。
2.延續性動詞不能與表示短暫時間的"點時間"狀語連用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(誤) rain為延續性動詞，而at eight表示"點時間"，前後顯然矛盾。如果用延續性動詞表示一瞬間的動作，可以藉助come, begin, get等終止性動詞來表示。上句可改為：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：
-When did you get to know Jack?
-Two years ago.
-Then you've known each other for more than two years.
-That's right.
三、終止性動詞的用法特徵
1.終止性動詞可用來表示某一動作完成，因此可用於現在完成時。如：
The train has arrived.火車到了。
Have you joined the computer group?你加入電腦小組了嗎？
2.終止性動詞表示的動作極其短暫，不能持續。因此，不可與表示一段時間的狀語連用(只限肯定式)。如：
(1)他死了三年了。
誤：He has died for three years.
正：He has been dead for three years.
正：He died three years ago.
正：It is three years since he died.
正：Three years has passed since he died.
(2)他來這兒五天了。
誤：He has come here for five days.
正：He has been here for five days.
正：He came here five days ago.
正：It is five days since he came here.
正：Five days has passed since he came here.
(1)、(2)句中的die、come為終止性動詞，不能與表示"段時間"的狀語連用。那麼，應如何正確表達呢？可以採用下面的四種方法：
(1)將句中終止性動詞轉換為相應的延續性動詞，如上面兩例中的第一種正確表達方式。下面列舉幾例：leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die→be dead, move to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a cold。
(2)將句中表示"段時間"的狀語改為表示過去確定時間的狀語，如下面兩例中的第二種正確表達方式。
(3)用句型"It is+段時間+since..."表達原意，如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達方式。
(4)用句型"時間+has passed+since..."表達原意，如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達方式。
3.終止性動詞可用於現在完成時否定式中，成為可以延續的狀態，因而可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。如：
He hasn't left here since 1986.
I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.
4.終止性動詞的否定式與until/till連用，構成"not+終止性動詞+until/till ..."的句型，意為"直到……才……"。如：
You can't leave here until I arrive.直到我到了，你才能離開這里。
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.今天晚上直到我畫完畫，我才上床睡覺。
5.終止性動詞可以用於when引導的時間狀語從句中，但不可以用於while引導的時間狀語從句中。when表示的時間是"點時間"(從句謂語動詞用終止性動詞)，也可以是"段時間"(從句謂語動詞用延續性動詞)。而while表示的是一個較長的時間或過程，從句謂語動詞用延續性動詞。如：
When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach為終止性動詞)
Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away為延續性動詞短語)
6.終止性動詞完成時不可與how long連用(只限於肯定式)。如：
誤：How long have you come here?
正：How long have you been here?
正：When did you come here?
終止性動詞不用於進行時態,若是進行時態形式應譯成將來時態的意思。
終止性動詞和延續性動詞辨析 王嵩
英語動詞可以分為延續性動詞和終止性動詞。這兩種動詞在每年中考英語試題中出現率較高，筆者將其歸納分類，供同學們學習時參考。一、延續性動詞 延續性動詞表示的動作不但可以延續，而且可以產生持久的影響。常見的這類動詞有：be，have，keep，know，learn，lie，live，read，sing，sleep，stand，stay，wait，walk，watch等。延續性動詞的用法很廣，但常見於現在完成時中的句子中，且常與for，how，long，since等引導的表示一段時間的狀語或狀語從句連用。例如：1．I have learned more than 1，000 Chinese words since I came to China．自從來到中國，我已經學會了l，000多個漢字。2．We have lived in Linqing since we came here．自從來到這兒，我們就一直住在臨清。3．I have kept the picture for about three years．這張畫我保存了大約三年。 二、終止性動詞 終止性動詞又稱為瞬間動詞或非延續性動詞，它表示的動作不能延續，也就是說動作一旦發生就立即結束，並產生某種結果。常見的這類動詞有：accept，arrive，become，begin，borrow，break，buy，catch，close，come，die，end，fall，finish，get，give，go，join，leave，put，reach，receive，shut，start，stop等。終止性動詞用在現在完成時要注意下面三點： （一）終止性動詞可直接用來表示某一動作的完成。例如：1．They have reached Shanghai．他們已經到達了上海。2．Has he gone to London? 他已經到倫敦去了嗎? （二）終止性動詞表示的動作極其短暫，不能持續，所以，在現在完成時中一般不能和以since，for等引導的表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如：1．那老人已經死了一周了。The old man has died for a week．(誤)2．他三天前就已經來這兒了。He has come here since three days ago．(誤)在以上兩句中，die和come都是終止性動詞，可用於現在完成時，但不能與以since或for引導的表示一段時間的狀語連用。那麼，上面兩個句子應該怎樣譯成英語呢?請看下面四種譯法：1．把終止性動詞改為延續性的動詞。例如：①The old man has been dead for a week．②He has been here since three days ago．2．把原句中的一段時間改為表示「過去」的時間，時態由現在完成時改變成一般過去時。例如：①The old man died a week ago．②He came here three days ago．3．用「It is+時間+since…」句式。例如：①It is／has been a week since the old man died．②It has been／is three days since he came here．4．用「多長時間+has passed+since…」句式。例如：①A week has passed since the old men died．②Three days had passed since he came here． (三)有關特殊終止性動詞的用法。1．在while(表示一段時間)引導的從句里，謂語動詞不能使用終止性動詞，但可以把while改成when，這樣，從句里的謂語動詞就可以使用終止性動詞了。因為when既可以表示時間的「點」，又可以表示時間的「段」。例如：While he got to America．he found his English Was very poor．(誤)When he got t0 America．he found his English was very poor．(正)2．終止性動詞的否定式與until連用時，意為「直到……才／不到什麼時間不……」等。例如：Don』t get off until the bus stops．車未停穩，切勿下車。3．終止性動詞不可以與how long引導的句式連用。例如：How long have you borrowed the magazine?(誤)When did you borrow the magazine?(正)How long have you kept the magazine?(正)
終止性動詞與延緩性動詞的用法區別
上海市中國中學 黃文英
英語中的動詞，是學習中的重點，又是難點。英語中的動詞有多種分類法。根據其有無含義，動詞可分為實義動詞和助動詞；根據動詞所表示的是動作還是狀態，可以分為行為動詞和狀態動詞；根據動詞所表示的動作能否延緩，分為延續性動詞和終止性動詞。
可以表示持續的行為或狀態的動詞，叫做「延續性動詞」，也叫「持續性動詞」，如：be, keep, have, like, study, live, etc.
有的表示短暫、瞬間性的動詞，叫做「終止性動詞」，也可叫「短暫性動詞」，或「瞬間性動詞」，如die, join, leave, become, return, reach, etc.
終止性動詞構成的現在完成時，不可以用表示一段時間的狀語（如：since 和for引導的短語）來修飾，終止性動詞構成的現在完成時，只表示動作發生的因果關系，不能表示動作的延續，因此不能用表示一段時間的狀語來修飾。
如可以說：The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stricken area.
但不可說：The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stricken area for three days.
因為start是終止性動詞, 它所表示的動作短促, 當紅十字會出發時，start這個動作便結束了, 不可能延續兩天。
在十多年的教學生涯中，發現學生對於如何解決這對矛盾不知所措，下面我來歸納一下解決這對矛盾的四種方法。
用ago時間狀語短語來代替since或for引導的時間狀語：
eg. Mr. Richard has returned from America for two years. (wrong)
Mr. Richard has returned from America since two years ago. (wrong)
應改為: He returned from America two years ago.
2．用It is… since…復合句代替簡單句
eg. It has been/is two years since Mr. Richard returned from America.
注意：以上兩種辦法適用於所有終止性動詞。
3．用相應的形容詞和副詞代替終止性動詞。
eg. Mr. Richard has been back from America for two years.
4．用延緩性動詞代替終止性動詞。
eg. He has gone to the Internet for six hours. (wrong)
應改為:He has been on the Internet for six hours.
但須注意：終止性動詞的否定式可以和since 或for 引導的時間狀語連用。因為終止性動詞的否定表示的是一種可以延續的狀態。
eg. I have heard from my friend in Africa for half a year. (wrong)
I haven』t heard from my friend in Africa for half a year.. (right)
此外，終止性動詞與延緩性動詞在翻譯上也不同，很易混淆。下面我再就終止性動詞與延緩性動詞的含義問題做一歸納：
1. 在連詞since引導的時間狀語從句中， 用終止性動詞的過去時或用延緩性動詞過去時，其含義是大不相同的。
A. since所引導的時間狀語從句中，如果句子謂語是終止性動詞的過去時， 則從句表示的時間是從「那一時刻開始」。
eg. He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
自從他來校以來，一貫努力學習。
B. 在since所引導的時間狀語從句中，其謂語是延緩性動詞的過去時，那麼從句所表示的時間是從延緩性動詞所表示的動作結束時算起。
eg. I haven』t heard any noise since I slept.
自從我醒後，沒聽見任何聲音。
介詞for引導的時間狀語，在翻譯時有兩種不同的情況：
A．介詞for引導的時間狀語和延緩性動詞的現在完成時的否定式連用時，有兩種不同的含義。
eg. He has not lived there for six months.
他不住在那兒已六個月了。（或： 他住在那兒還不到六個月。）
B．介詞for引導的時間狀語和終止性動詞的現在完成時的否定式連用，只有一種含義。
eg. Mary has not left here for six months.
瑪麗已六個月沒有離開過這兒了。
句中含有till 或until 引導的短語或從句，從句中的謂語動詞可以是延續性的，也可以是終止性的，但要注意兩種情況：
如果主句中動詞是延續性的動詞，動詞肯定或否定都可以，只是含義不同。
eg. He listened to the radio until his father came back.
他聽無線電一直到他父親回來為止。
eg. He didn』t listen to the radio until his father came back..
直到他父親回來，他才聽無線電。
如果主句中的謂語動詞是終止性動詞，則只能用否定式。
eg. Mr. Smith didn』t marry until he was forty- five. (right)
史密斯先生到四十五歲才結婚。
Mr. Smith married until he was forty-five. (wrong)