Ⅰ 初中英語語法從句有哪些
主要是賓語從句和狀語從句，如果說考的稍微難一些的話就是定語從句以及名詞性從句，一般考的話後兩者的難度不會很大。
賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語，從句放在主句之後，前後不用逗號分開。
賓語從句：
引導賓語從句的詞有：
連詞that(在口語中that常可省略)，if, whether,如：
He knows that Jim will work hard.
連接代詞who, whom, which等，如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
連接副詞when, where, how, why等，如：Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有「是否」的意思，一般情況下兩者可以換用，但在介詞之後，
不定式之前，與or not連用，在句首或在引導表語從句，同位語從句時，只能用whether,如：I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序。
5.賓語從句一定要注意時態呼應，即：當主句謂語動詞是過去式時，從句中謂語動
詞也要用過去范疇的時態，但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規律，其謂語的時態仍用一般現在時，如：
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一個賓語從句只能用一個連詞。
7.當主句謂語動詞是think, believe等動詞時，賓語從句的否定意義要放到主句中。另外，當主句主語為第一人稱時，後面若接附加疑問句，那麼附加疑問句的主語、謂語應與從句中的主謂語保持一致。如：
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引語和間接引語也是賓語從句，直接引語是引述別人的原話，放在引號內，
不用連詞聯接；間接引語是用自己的話轉述別人的話，通常用連接詞與主句聯接。
(1)陳述句變為以that引導的賓語從句，如：
He said,「I'm happy.」[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑問句變為if(whether)引導的賓語從句，如：
He asked me,「Does his father know Mr Green?」
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑問句變為由who, what, where, how等疑問詞(連接代詞或連接副詞)引導的賓語從句，如：
He asked me,「Where is Mr Wang?」
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
注意上述例句中連詞、時態、語序等變化。
狀語從句：http://ke..com/view/84572.htm
Ⅱ 初中英語從句知識點總結
從句
1、主語從句
引導詞有：that，what，whether，when，wherever，who 等，主語從句的謂語動詞必須用單數。
舉例：
1) That he will fall the exam is certain.
2) What she said is true.
3) It doesn't matter when she leaves.
4) Whoever is tired may rest.
2、表語從句
一般位於系動詞之後。
舉例：
The question is that I also like her.
3、賓語從句
句型：主句 + 連詞 + 賓語從句
連接賓語從句的詞有：that，if，whether，who，whose，what，which，where，when，why，how，whoever，whomever，whenever，wherever 等》
舉例：
1) He said that he was the first to clamb to the top of the mountain.
2) I wonder if / whether you could lend me tour bike.
3) Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want.
4) She doesn't know who will come.
5) He asked if / whether she had an apartment in the city.
6) Who do you think they will travel with?
4、狀語從句
（1）時間狀語從句
引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：when，whenever，as，while，before，after，until，till，since，ever，as soon asimmediately，directly，hardly，hardly ... when 等。
舉例：
1) When I was in Shanghai, I met her.
2) Please wait until you are called.
（2）地點狀語從句
常由 where 何 wherever 引導。
舉例：
He lives where the street crosses the river.
（3）原因狀語從句
常由 as，because，since，now that，seeing that 等引導，其中語氣最強烈的就是 because。
舉例：
He has to leave off because he is seriously ill.
（4）條件狀語從句
常由 if，unless，as long as，so long as 等引導。
舉例：
If you can correct your faults, your work is good.
（5）目的狀語從句
常由 so that，in order to 等引導。
舉例：
Speak loudly so that every one may hear you clearly.
（6）比較狀語從句
常由 than，as，as ... as 等引導。
舉例：
I have got as much money as I need.
（7）讓步狀語從句
常由 though / although，even though，as，if，even if 和 wh- + -ever 復合詞引導。
舉例：
Although I tried my best to learn English, I haven't passed the exam.
（8）方式狀語從句
常由 as，as if，as though，how 等引導。
舉例：
She looks as if she is still young.
（9）結果狀語從句
常由 that，so / such that 等引導。
舉例：
She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her.
5、定語從句
結構：
...... 先行詞（被修飾的名詞或代詞） + 關系代詞 / 關系副詞 + ......
一般來說，修飾人用 who，whom，whose，that；修飾物用 that / which。
舉例：
1) The road which through our school is very wide.
2) This is the school where my brother studies
3) Is there anything that you don't understand?.
Ⅲ 分享一下初中英語語法知識。語法全一點，有例子。章節清晰。
一 名詞性從句:1.主要包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句.一般由that 引起,也可由who,what,when,why,which,whom,whether,how 引起.
2.主語從句很多情況下都可以放到句子後面,而用代詞it作形式上的主語.:
3.形式賓語
4.由名詞性關系代詞whatever,whoever,whichever 等引起的賓語從句
5.whether and if 都能引導從句,但用法有所不同.當主語從句直接位於句首時,應用whether,而不用if.Whether 後能直接or not,但if 不能.
Whether he will come or not is not known.
6.在名詞reason後的表語從句必須用that引導,不可誤用 because.
The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning.
二:定語從句
1.引導定語從句的關系詞有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,why and which.在非限制定語從句中,只可用which,who,whose,where ,when.,如果指代前面整個句子,多用which.
2.當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all,any,no,little,much,very first 等詞,或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all,anything,nothing,something,everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.
3.as 可做引導詞引導定語從句,多和such,the same 連用.As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子,既可放在先行詞後,也可放在句子開頭.
4.介詞+which/whom/whose從句
5.代/名+介詞+which 從句
6.同位語從句和定語從句
三 狀語從句:修飾主句中的動詞,形容詞和副詞,通常有從屬連詞引導,按其意義和作用可分為時間,地點,條件,原因,讓步,目的,結果,方式,比較.等
1.時間狀語從句:
1) 常見連詞有 after,as,before,once,since,till,(not)until,when,whenever(no matter when),while,as long as,as soon as etc.
2) no sooner…than,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when:剛做…就….
3) 還有 immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,the second,every time etc
2.地點狀語從句:一般用where or wherever 引導
3.條件狀語從句:真實條件從句:if,unless,so long as,provided that,supposing that,on condition that,in the event that,in case that etc
4.原因狀語從句:從屬連詞有because,as ,since,for,now,that,in that,seeing that,considering that(鑒於,由於) 5.讓步狀語從句:
1):even if,though,even though,while(盡管) no matter what/how/which,however,whatever,whichever,however etc.
2) 由as 引起的讓步從句,語氣較強烈,被強調的詞須放在句首.
3) whether…or,不管…或…
6.結果狀語從句:so that,so…that,such…that
7.目的狀語從句:so that,in order that,for fear that,lest,in case
8.方式狀語從句:as,just as,as if:如同…一樣
(記得採納哦）
Ⅳ 初中英語定語從句答題技巧
有限定成分時不能用which
大部分時候選that，其它不用管了
Ⅳ 初中有關定語從句的語法
初中定語從句詳解。 定語從句是一種形容詞的關系從句。它由關系代詞或關系副詞引導（1）。初中英語中的定語從句僅限於限制性定於從句，但對初中生來說，定語從句既是一個重點，也是一個難點。【關鍵詞】定語從句 先行詞 關系代詞 關系副詞
一、英語中的定語從句與漢語中的定語位置不同。
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。英語中的定語從句始終要放在被修飾的詞之後，而漢語中的定語則放在被修飾詞之前。如：
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.
先行詞 定語從句
昨天我在校門口看見的那個人是我的英語老師。
二、英語從句中的句型結構比較復雜，有先行詞、關系代詞或關系副詞。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的關聯詞有關系代詞或關系副詞。限制性關系分句和它的先行項的所指意義有著不可分割的聯系（2）。關系代詞或關系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，關系代詞或關系副詞在定語從句中要充當一個成分。關系代詞在句中可作主語、賓語或定語，關系副詞在句中作狀語。如：
I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主語）
先行詞 關系代詞
我正在等穿著紅色外套的那個男孩。
The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(賓語)
先行詞 關系代詞
我姐姐上周星期天給我的那本字典很貴。
The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定語)
先行詞 關系代詞
那個是他的母親，名叫琳達
Ⅵ 初中英語語法
Ⅶ 初中英語：定語從句的用法
1.what不能引導定語從句.
2.關系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。
一.指人的關系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析：
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）註：
A．指人時有時只用who不宜用that。
1．先行詞為one、ones或anyone
（1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
（2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2．先行詞為these時
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3．在there be 開頭的句子中
There is a student who wants to see you.
4．一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關系代詞是that，另一個宜用who，以免重復。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5．在非限制性定語從句中
A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B．主句以who開頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二．指物的關系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析：
1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
註：
A. 介詞如果位於作為其賓語的關系代詞之前時，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.
(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.
B. 部分短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動詞之後。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping』s son.
C．指物時，下列情況下只能用that ，不宜用which。
（1）先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.
I have told them all (that) I know.
All that can be done has been done.
（2）先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞、修飾時。
The first book that I read last night was an English novel.
（3）先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時。
This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
（4）如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。
We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.
（5）如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修飾時。
This is the only book that can be lent to you.
（6）當主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時，關系代詞只用that。
Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?
D．只物時，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。
（1）關系代詞放在介詞之後
This is the factory in which we once worked.
（2）非限制性定語從句中
This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.
（3）that，Those作主語時
Those which are on the desk are English books.
E．先行詞前有such、the same、 as時, 關系代詞用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同樣的, the same…that…表示同一的
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
三．比較When/which、where /which、why.
which I still never forget.
This is the day when I joined the party.
which he spent reading the books.
where I found the book.
which makes machines.
This is the place which we once visited.
which I will never forget.
which I am looking for.
限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別：
限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句
All the students who study hard have passed.學習努力的學生都考試及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的學生都及格了，他們學習努力。（沒有人不及格，這些學生都很努力。）
從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語（如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。）從句是對先行詞的附加說明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影響。）與主句關系密切，不用逗號與主句關系不十分密切，用逗號與主句隔開譯為漢語時，從句譯在先行詞前，與先行詞用「的」連接譯為漢語時，從句放在主句後面關系代詞that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞代替賓語時可以省略關系代詞不能省略關系代詞as和which
先研究下面兩個例句：
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出來，這頭象像條蛇。
○2.Tom didn』t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。
這兩個例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個主句所表示的內容。但有兩點不同之處：
1．在形式上as引導的非限制性定語從句可位於主句的後面，也可位於主句的前面；而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能位於主句的後面，不能位於主句的前面。
2．在意義上，as引導的定語從句和主句的關系一般為一致關系，常譯為「正如……」，「就像……」，而which引導的定語從句和主句的關系是因果關系，或which引導的定語從句是對主句的評論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as，而as許多時候不能代替which，如句○2。再如：
1．He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們早就料到的。
2． The street hasn』t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期沒有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。（不用as）
3．The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢財，這是不光彩的。（不用as）
4．He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天運動，這對他的身體很有好處。（不用as）
5．As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已經指出的那樣，英語對於初學者說，是相當難學的。在such…as…、the same…as…、 as…、 as many…/much as…等結構中,as不能用which代替。如：
1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 這樣的書對於初學的人來說是太難了。
=Books such as this are …
=Books like this are …
2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大樓里。
3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他認識所有到會的人。
4.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我們和平時一樣，都起得很早。
「One of the +復數名詞」後面定語從句中謂語單復數情況
這一結構後面的定語從句的謂語動詞通常用復數形式，跟定語從句所靠近的那個復數名詞在數上保持一致。如：
1． That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2． This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3． She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4． This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,
如果one of +復數名詞這一結構前面帶有the only、the very之類的限定語，後面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數形式，這是因為定語從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個復數名詞。如：
1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修飾the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修飾the teachers)
2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修飾the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修飾rooms)
as與which引導的定語從句
兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。
1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句居句首時。 As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 當與such或the same連用時，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.
3. 當從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.
4. as在從句中作主語時，後面常接行為動詞的被動語態，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態，一般要用which作主語。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
Ⅷ 初中英語定語從句中that和which的用法
II. that與which, who, whom的用法區別：
情況 用法說明 例句
只用that的情況
先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時。
先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時
先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數詞修飾時
先行詞既指人又指物時
先行詞被the only, the very修飾時
句中已經有who或which時，為了避免重復時
1.He told me everything that he knows.
2.All the books that you offered has been given out.
3.This is the best film that I have ever read.
4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
5.He is the only man that I want to see.
6.Who is the man that is making a speech?
只用which, who, whom的情況 在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
在由「介詞+關系代詞」引導的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
先行詞本身是that時，關系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he時多用who。
He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.
I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.
Those who respect others are usually respected by others.