① 初中英語, 有關復合句的選擇題20句左右
賓語從句
I know (that) he is a teacher. 我知道他是個老師。
He asked whether (if) Bill liked red. 他問彼爾是否喜歡紅色。
(連詞if或whether 這兩個連詞的意思是「是否」,用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句,口語中常用if,且不可省略。)
I didn』t know where he would go. 我不知道他要去哪。
(連接代詞或連接副詞,這類詞引導特殊疑問句形式的賓語從句。)
狀語從句
I learned to ride a bike when I was ten.
I』ll call you as soon as the meeting is over.
I didn』t go to bed until I finished my homework.
(通常由when, while, as, after, before, until, as soon as等引導。時間狀語從句通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時。)
原因狀語從句
--- Why were you late this morning?
--- Because I got up late.
(由because, since, as,引導。這三個詞所表達的語氣由because到as 逐漸減弱。其中,由why提出的問題必須用because來回答。)
The ground is wet, for/ because it rained last night.
(連詞for在表示「因果」關系時也可以引導原因狀語從句,並可以與because互換。)
目的狀語從句
通常由so that引導。如:
She studies very hard so that she can go to a university.
她如此努力學習,是為了能上大學。
結果狀語從句
通常由so…that, such(a)…that, so that 引導,表示事態結果。由so…that, such(a)…that等引導的結果狀語從句經常含有「結果的程度」的意思;由so that引導的結果狀語從句與so that引導的目的狀語從句在形式上相同,要通過句子意思判斷該狀語從句是目的狀語從句還是結果狀語從句。
由so…(形容詞或副詞)that引導的結果狀語從句:
Jim is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.
由such(a)…that引導的狀語從句有三種情況:
such a +單數可數名詞+that。如:
He is such a hard-working boy that he has always been top in his class.
such+復數可數名詞+that。 如:
Bill and Tom are such good students that they never fail the exam.
such+不可數名詞 +that。如:
Mr. Smith knows such little French that he can』t communicate with Frenchmen.
由so that引導的結果狀語從句:如:
Steven won』t listen to me, so that you』d better talk to him.
② 中考英語作文中的復合從句怎麼寫
所謂復合句,就是會把簡單句無法說清楚的東西用從句補充完整。
初中的話,建議你絕對要會寫定語從句,這個絕對對你有很大幫助。
例如:要說「我有一支筆,是爸爸送我的。」,通常這就是簡單句,譯為:I have a pen,and my father gave it to me.
但是寫作的時候絕對要運用高級句型,以博得改卷老師眼前一亮,所以,上面的句子可以加以修飾成為定語從句:I have a pen that my father gave me.
如此簡單就可以造成一個復合句了。
其次,在寫日常生活時,要學會利用「There be"句型,因為這個句型本來就是一個倒裝句,屬於高級句型,何況這個句型是比較簡單的,但是,如果在裡面再加上從句,就會更加好,例如,要說這里有一家超級市場,我可以在這里買到些牛肉。此句可以分為兩個簡單句:There is a supermarket and I can buy some beef here.
轉換為復合句:There is a supermarket where I can buy some beef.
(注意,上句也是一個定語從句)
所以,由此可見,所謂復合句,在你還沒有熟練以前一定要先把各簡單句理清楚,有時間應該寫出來,然後組裝的時候,不要加如and , but等的連詞,只需要在連接句子時,用上適當的連詞。
從句中還要有從句的話,其實跟我上面說的是差不多的,例如,要說「我父親,就是站在那裡的那個人,他正在看一本著名的雜志。」簡單句,拆分為:My father is reading a magazine. This magazine is famous. My father stands there.
然後進行組裝:My father ,who stands there,is reading a magazine that is famous.
但是,上面的句子中,有who引導的,是一個非限制性定語從句,可能初中還沒學到,但是有that引導的則叫限制性定語從句。
那麼,如果還沒學習到它們的區別,不妨看以下的一個句子:例如,要說這里有一家超級市場,我可以在這里買到些牛肉做晚餐。
簡單句拆分上面已經有了,只是加了一個條件,那麼合成為:There is a supermarket where I can buy some beef that can be used for dinner.
就成為兩個定語從句的復合了!
總而言之,從句復合,跟合成一個從句是差不多的,只要找到能作為先行詞的名詞,就能再合成定語從句,換言之,如果能找到能能接賓語的動詞,即及物動詞,就能後接賓語從句。
③ 初中英語復合句
在初中范圍復合句中主要有狀語從句和賓語從句(名詞性從句)兩種,我們首先來看賓語從句。內
①在及物容動詞的後面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語,如:
I knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語,如:
I knew that he was a good man
④ 正確的英語語法復合句子怎麼寫
復合句,就是把簡單句無法說清楚的東西用從句補充完整。要寫好復合句版子掌握以下幾權點;
1、要會寫定語從句⑤ 英語語法講解復合句
復合句指的是含有兩個或更多的主謂結構的句子,其中有一個(或更多)主謂結構充當句子的某一(些)成分,如主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語等。主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、定語從句和狀語從句都屬於復合句。
一、狀語從句:
狀語從句 Adverbial Clause,從句用作狀語稱為狀語從句。根據用途,狀語從句可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、方式、讓步、結果、目的等狀語從句。
I. 時間狀語從句
時間狀語從句表示時間,常用的關聯詞有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。
例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful.
2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework.
3) Wait until you are called.
4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met.
5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven.
You can use my house as long as you are careful.
He is so terrible once he is drunk.
I listen to the radio while I walk every evening.
II. 地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句表示地點,常用的關聯詞有where, wherever, anywhere等。
例如:1) Put it where you found it.
2) Sit down wherever you like.
3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too.
III. 原因狀語從句
原因狀語從句表示原因或理由,常用的關聯詞有because, as, since, in case等。
1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food.
2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman.
3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.
I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我將帶上雨衣,以防下雨。
IV. 條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句表示真實的或現實的條件,引導從句所用的關聯詞有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。
1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
You'll be late, unless you hurry.
3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose從句必須放在主句之前) 我們如果遲到了,他會說什麼?
4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party.
5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨,就不要等我了。
6) He will do anything as(so) long as it is interesting. 只要好玩,他什麼都願意做。
V. 方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句表示動作的方式,回答How的問題,常用關聯詞as, as if, as though, the way(that), in the way(that)等引導,一般置於主語之後。
Do as I say. I did just as you told me. 照我說的去做。我就是照你說的去做的。
He acts as if/as though he is the owner. 他行為舉止好象是這兒的主人似的。
They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他們以我從沒見過的方式行事。
I was never allowed to sing the way I wanted to. 我從未被允許用自己想用的方式唱歌。
VI. 讓步狀語從句
讓步狀語從句表示「雖然、盡管、即使」等概念,使句子具有對比的因素。常用的關聯詞有although, though, even if, even though, not that(=although…not)等,置於主語之前或後。
1) Although you feel very ill right now, this is still a common disease.
2) Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French.
3) We intend to go U.S., even if air fares are expensive.
4) Even though fruits are good, you can't live with fruits only.
5) I'm OK now, not that I slept (although I did not sleep) very well last night.
VII. 結果狀語從句
結果狀語從句表示結果, 常由連詞so…that, such(a/an)…that, so that, such that等引導,置於主語之後。
She was so frightened about the dog that she cried.
The news worried him so much that he didn't sleep at all for the whole night.
He is such a wonderful joker that you can't help laughing.
They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.
We arrived early, so that we got good seats.
The weather was such that I couldn't go out.
VIII. 目的狀語從句
目的狀語從句表示目的,回答what for或 for what purpose的問題,常用關聯詞so that, in order that等引導,一般置於主語之後。目的狀語從句中的謂語動詞常由「情態動詞+動詞原形」構成。
Ships carry lifeboats so that people can escape if the ship sinks.
They wrote the notice in several languages so that foreigners could understand it.
We carved their names on the stone in order that people should always remember them.
They risk their lives so that/in order that they may support their kids.
二、定語從句
定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞,片語或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之後,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。
關系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有:when, where, why等
1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
1)who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3) which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
2. 關系副詞引導的定語從句
關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
1)when, where, why 關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當於"介詞+ which"結構,因此常常和"介詞+ which"結構交替使用.例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
2)that代替關系副詞that可以用於表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞後取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略.例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.
他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方
3. 判斷關系代詞與關系副詞
方法一: 用關系代詞,還是關系副詞完全取決於從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞後面無賓語,就必須要求用關系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。
方法二: 准確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
4. 限制性和非限制性定語從句
1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明確;非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,去掉了也不會影響主句的意思,它與主句之間通常用逗號分開,例如:
This is the house which we bought last month.
這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
這幢房子很漂亮,是我們上個月買的。(非限制性)
2) 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時,其後的定語從句通常是非限制性的,例如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾經是我的老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
這本小說很動人,我已經讀了三遍。
3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數,例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液態水變為蒸汽,這就叫做蒸發。
說明:關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
5. 介詞+關系詞
1)介詞後面的關系詞不能省略。
2)that前不能有介詞。
3) 某些在從句中充當時間,地點或原因狀語的"介詞+關系詞"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
6. as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句,相當於and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。
as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時,這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思,且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點:
(1) as 引導的定語從句可置於句首,而which不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整個主句並在從句中作主語時,從句中的謂語必須是系動詞;若為行為動詞,則從句中的關系代詞只能用which。
7. 先行詞和關系詞二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. (what 可以用all that代替)
8. what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
3) that 和 what
當that引導定語從句時 ,通常用作關系代詞,而引導名詞性從句時,是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導名詞性從句, 用作連接代詞,作從句的具體成分,且不能省略。
9. 關系代詞that 的用法
1)不用that的情況
a) 在引導非限定性定語從句時。
b) 介詞後不能用。
2) 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
b) 在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which。
c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時,只用that。
d) 先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時,只用that。
e) 先行詞既有人,又有物時,只用that。
三、名詞性從句:
在句子中充當主語、賓語、表語與同位語的句子分別叫做主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句, 這些統稱為名詞性從句。
(一)主語從句
在復合句中用作主語的從句叫主語從句。
A 為了強調主語從句的內容,可將從句置於句首
B 大部分主語從句都可以用it作形式主語
為了保持句子平衡,主語從句常用it作形式主語,將主語從句後置。用it作形式主語的主語從句結構有如下幾種:
1、It is + 名詞 + that從句
2、It is + 形容詞 + that從句
3、It + 動詞 + that從句
4、It is + 過去分詞 + that從句
用形式主語it引導的主語從句相當多,有些已形成固定的語法和譯法。常見的有:
It is said that... 據說……
It is reported that... 據報導……
It is well known that... 眾所周知……
It is announced that... 據宣布……
It is believed that... 人們相信……
It is thought that... 人們認為……
It is understood that... 自不待言……
It must be pointed out that... 必須指出……
It must be admitted that... 必須承認……
(二)賓語從句
賓語從句 The Object Clause,在復合句中作主句的賓語,它屬於名詞性從句。它可以作主句謂語動詞的賓語,也可以作介詞的賓語。賓語從句以從句的句式來決定連接詞。
賓語從句有四步曲
連接詞: (也叫引導詞)
語序: 從句的詞序用陳述語序(主+ 謂)
時態: 主句的時態如果是過去時,從句的時態應以過去時為基礎作相應的變化。
人稱: 要根據句中的意義作相應的變化
連接詞(引導詞)
從屬連詞 that ,if ,whether
連接代詞 who, whom, whose, which, what
連接副詞 when ,where ,how ,why
1.如果陳述句作從句,連接詞用that,在口語和非正式語體中常可省略that 。
2.特殊疑問句作從句,就用原來的特殊疑問詞
3.一般疑問句作從句,連詞用if或whether 在選擇疑問句只用whether,記住這一結構:whether … or not 。
(三)表語從句
表語從句放在連系動詞之後,充當復合句中的表語。
A 可接表語從句的連系動詞
可接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。
B as, as if / though引導的表語從句
C because, why引導的表語從句
what引導的主語從句表示結果或名詞reason作主語時,後面的表語從句表示原因時要用that引導,不宜用because。
D 使用虛擬語氣的表語從句
在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞後的表語從句,謂語動詞需用"should+動詞原形"表示,should可省略。常見的詞有:advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea等。
(四)同位語從句
同位語從句用於對前面的名詞作進一步解釋,說明名詞的具體內容。同位語從句一般由that引導,但也可以由whether以及連接代詞和連接副詞引導。
A 同位語從句一般跟在名詞的後面
同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, hope, idea, news, doubt, suggestion, information, opinion, decision, discovery, truth, promise, statement, problem, rule等後面。
B 使用虛擬語氣的同位語從句
在一些表示「建議、命令、要求」的名詞後的同位語從句中,謂語動詞用"should + 動詞原形",should可省略。
⑥ 英語復合句的用法
這是個賓語從句,they can't take part in 翻譯過來就是他們不能參加,不能參加什麼呢?版這里就少一個賓語,所以權就用what來表達不能參加的內容 take part in what they see 不能參加他們看到的