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初一至初三英語重要語法歸納

發布時間:2021-01-07 08:58:47

Ⅰ 初一到初三全部英語語法

一般現在時抄:主+動詞原形(根據主語變單三,下面省略)+賓
一般過去時:主+動詞過去式+賓
一般將來時:1.主+will+動詞原形+賓語
2.主+be going to +動詞原形+賓語
過去正在發生的動作 用 過去進行時 :主+was|were+V-ing+賓
現在正在發生的動作 用 現在進行時 :主+am|is|are+V-ing+賓
截至目前已經完成,並強調對現在造成影響,則用現在完成時:主+has|have+動詞的過去分詞+賓

註:現在新版的初中教材中把部分高中語法下放,如定語從句,這部分只是定義,沒有細講,記住定義即可。

Ⅱ 關於人教版初中英語初一至初三所有所學語法

建議你買一本薄冰的《初中英語語法》(詳解),裡面語法點很多,整理全面,你看了便一目瞭然了。
有志者事竟成!

Ⅲ 初一至初三所有英語語法現象 筆記

初一:
一、形容詞與副詞:
1、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級:
(1)形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構成。a.規則變化;b.不規則變化;
a.規則變化:
一般是加er和 est
b.不規則變化:
1)當有y結尾的,改y為i加er和est
2)當有重讀的閉音節時(如big是閉音節,而且重讀,一般是單音節,少數是雙音節)時,雙寫末尾字母再加er和est
3)大多數雙音節詞和所有多音節詞,在前面加more和most
4)特殊詞有特殊的比較級和最高級

good-better-best
bad-worse-worst
hit-hit-hit
(2)形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級的用法;
1. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?(2003年)
-I think it's autumn.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
解析:正確答案為D。該題的核心詞為season。根據比較級與最高級的知識,兩者之間用比較級,而三者或三者以上用最高級,北京有四季,因此本題應選擇最高級。又因為形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞the,因此答案為D。
2. - Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?(2004年)
-- Of course, the moon is.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
解析:正確答案為D。該題的核心詞在第一句句尾,"the sun, the moon or the earth",提問的對象為三者,應該選擇最高級。
3. The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.(2005年)
A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest
解析:正確答案為B。該題的核心詞為than,than一詞是比較級的標志。
4. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.(2005年)
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
解析:正確答案為B。該題與第三題相似,核心詞為than。
(3)「as+形容詞/副詞原型+as」和「so+形容詞/副詞原型+as」的用法。
as + 形容詞或副詞原級 + as
1)在否定句或疑問句中可用so… as.
He cannot run so/as fast as you.
補充知識:
2)當as… as 中間有名詞時採用以下格式。
as +形容詞+ a +單數名詞
as + many/much +名詞
This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can……
1)用表示倍數的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語時,放在as的前面。
This room is twice as big as that one.
Your room is the same size as mine.
2)倍數+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍數+ then + of
This bridge is three times as long as that one.
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine.
Your room is twice the size of mine.
比較級形容詞或副詞 + than
You are taller than I.
They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.
注意:
1)要避免重復使用比較級。
(錯)He is more cleverer than his brother.
(對)He is more clever than his brother.
(對)He is clever than his brother.
2)要避免將主語含在比較對象中。
(錯)China is larger that any country in Asia.
(對)China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3)要注意對應句型,遵循前後一致的原則。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4)要注意冠詞的使用,後有名詞的時候,前面才有可能有名詞。
比較:
Which is large,Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.

二、冠詞:
冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種,一種是定冠詞(the Definite Article),另一種是不定冠詞(the Indefinite Article),還有一種是零冠詞(Zero Article)。
1、不定冠詞的用法;
不定冠詞a (an)與數詞one 同源,是"一個"的意思。a用於輔音音素前,一般讀作[e],而an則用於母音音素前,一般讀做[en]。
1) 表示"一個",意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一類人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
補充: 片語或成語。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a
hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
2、定冠詞的用法;
定冠詞the與指示代詞this,that同源,有"那(這)個"的意思,但較弱,可以和一個名詞連用,來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。
1)特指雙方都明白的人或物:
Take the medicine. 把葯吃了。
2)上文提到過的人或事:
He bought a house. I've been to the house.
他買了幢房子。我去過那幢房子。
3)指世上獨一物二的事物:
the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth
4)單數名詞連用表示一類事物,如:the dollar 美元;

the fox 狐狸;或與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類人:the rich 富人; the living
生者。
5)用在序數詞和形容詞最高級,及形容詞only, very, same等前面:
Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二層。
That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。
6)與復數名詞連用,指整個群體:
They are the teachers of this school.指全體教師)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)
7)表示所有,相當於物主代詞,用在表示身體部位的名詞前:
She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名詞構成的國家名稱、機關團體、階級、等專有名詞前:
the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國
the United States 美國
9)用在表示樂器的名詞之前: She plays the piano. 她會彈鋼琴。
10) 用在姓氏的復數名詞之前,表示一家人: 給分哈

Ⅳ 初一至初三英語的全部語法

買一本《五年中考三年模擬》吧,是本好教材,講的很詳細,我中考時用的就是他

Ⅳ 初一至初二 英語語法歸納

單詞
1. 介詞:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of

1). in表示"在……中", "在……內"。例如:
in our class 在我們班上
in my bag 在我的書包里
in the desk 在桌子里
in the classroom 在教室里

2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:
on the wall 在牆上
on the desk 在桌子上
on the blackboard 在黑板上

3). under表示"在……下"。例如:
under the tree 在樹下
under the chair 在椅子下
under the bed 在床下

4). behind表示"在……後面"。例如:
behind the door 在門後
behind the tree 在樹後

5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:
near the teacher's desk 在講桌附近
near the bed 在床附近

6). at表示"在……處"。例如:
at school 在學校
at home 在家
at the door 在門口

7). of 表示"……的"。例如:
a picture of our classroom 我們教室的一幅畫
a map of China 一張中國地圖

2. 冠詞 a / an / the:

冠詞一般位於所限定的名詞前,用來署名名詞所指的人或事物。冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。不定冠詞有兩個形式,即a和an。a用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,如a book; an用在以母音音素開頭的字母前,如an apple.
a或an與可數名詞單數連用,泛指某類人或某物中的一個。

This is a cat.
這是一隻貓。
It's an English book.
這是一本英語書。
His father is a worker.
他的爸爸是個工人。

the既可以用在可數名詞前,也可以用在不可數名詞前,表示某個或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到過的人或事物。
Who's the boy in the hat?
戴帽子的男孩是誰呀?
------ What can you see in the classroom?
------ I can see a bag.
------ Where's the bag?
------ It's on the desk.
------- 你能在教室里看到什麼呀?
------ 我能看見一個書包。
------ 書包在哪呀?
------ 在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如:
There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些書。
Lucy has some good books露西有一些好書。

②在疑問句和否定句中用any。例如:
Is there any ink in your pen?你的鋼筆里有墨水嗎?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹嗎?
There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里沒有水。

⑵記住它們的特殊用法。

①some亦可用於表示盼望得到對方肯定的答復或表示建議、委婉請求的疑問句中,這一點我們不久就會學到。例如:
Would you like to have some apples?你想吃蘋果嗎?

②any也可用於肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:
Any one of us can do this.我們當中任何一個都能做這個。
some 和any的用法是經常出現的考點,希望大家能准確地掌握它們的用法。

4.family
family看作為一個整體時,意思是"家庭",後面的謂語動詞be用單數形式 is ;如把family看作為家庭成員時,應理解為復數,後面的謂語動詞be應用are。
My family is a big family. 我的家庭是個大家庭。
My family are all at home now. 我的家人現在都在家。
Family強調由家人組成的一個集體或強調這個集體中的成員。home指個人出生、被撫養長大的環境和居住地點。 house指"家"、"房屋",側重居住的建築本身。
His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。
My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。
He isn't at home now. 他現在不在家。
It's a picture of my family. 這是一張我全家的照片。

5. little的用法
a little dog 一隻小狗,a little boy 一個小男孩。little常用來修飾有生命的名詞。
*但little還可表示否定意義,意為"少的",加不可數名詞。
There is little time. 幾乎沒時間了。
There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。

⑵ 片語
on the desk 在桌子上
behind the chair 在椅子後
under the chair 在椅子下面
in her pencil-box 在她的鉛筆盒中
near the door 在門附近
a picture of a classroom 一個教室的圖片
look at the picture 看這張圖片
the teacher's desk 講桌
a map of China 一張中國地圖
family tree 家譜
have a seat 坐下,就坐
this way 這邊走

二. 日常用語
1. Come and meet my family.

2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.

3. Glad to meet you.

4. What can you see in the picture?
I can see a clock / some books.

5. Can you see an orange?
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

6. Where's Shenzhen?
It's near Hong Kong.

7. Let me see.(口語)讓我想想看。
see 在這是"明白、懂了",不可譯作"看見"。例如:

8. Please have a seat.
seat表示"座位",是個名詞。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以說take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。

三. 語法

1. 名詞所有格
名詞如要表示與後面名詞的所有關系,通常用名詞所有格的形式,意為"……的"。一般有以下幾種形式:

(1). 一般情況下在詞尾加"'s"。例如:
Kate's father Kate的爸爸
my mother's friend 我媽媽的朋友

(2). 如果復數名詞以s結尾,只加"'"。例如:
Teachers' Day 教師節
The boys' game 男孩們的游戲

(3). 如果復數名詞不以s結尾,仍加"'s"。例如:
Children's Day 兒童節
Women's Day 婦女節

(4). 表示兩個或幾個共有時,所有格應加在後一個名詞上。例如:
Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房間
Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

動物和無生命事物的名詞的所有格一般不在詞尾加"'s",而常常用介詞of的短語來表示。
a map of China 一幅中國地圖
the name of her cat 她的貓的名字
a picture of my family 我的家庭的一張照片
the door of the bedroom 卧室的門

2. 祈使句
祈使句主要用來表示說話人的請求、命令、建議、叮囑等意圖。祈使句一般不用主語,讀時用降調。為使語氣委婉、禮貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾時,please前多用逗號。

(1). 祈使句肯定形式的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。
Go and see. 去看看。
Come in, please. 請進。

(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't於句首。
Don't look at your books. 不要看書。
Don't play on the road. 不要在馬路上玩。

3. There be 的句子結構

There be是一個"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,
肯定句的形式為:There be + 名詞(單數或復數)+地點狀語或時間狀語。
be動詞單復數的確定,看be後邊第一個名詞,當所接主語為單數或不可數名詞時,be動詞形式為is;當所接主語為復數名詞時,be動詞為are;當be動詞後接兩個以上主語時,be動詞與最臨近主語保持數上的一致。意思為"某地有某人或某物"。如:
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一塊橡皮和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有兩支鋼筆和一塊橡皮。

(1)there be的否定句,即在be的後面加上not。
否定形式為:There be + not + (any) + 名詞+地點狀語。
There is not any cat in the room. 房間里沒貓。
There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上沒書。

(2)there be句型的疑問句就是將be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名詞+地點狀語?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture? 畫上有一隻狗嗎?
---Yes, there is. 有。
---Are there any boats in the river? 河裡有船嗎?
---No, there aren't. 沒有。

(3)特殊疑問句:How many . . . are there (+地點狀語)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有時直接就用數字來回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少學生?
---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一個。/有九個。

(4)如果名詞是不可數名詞,用:How much + 不可數名詞 + is there + 地點狀語?
How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?

Ⅵ 英語知識點好多怎麼歸納,從初一到初三。。

建議分類歸納復。

1、詞彙類,常用制動詞、名詞、形容詞、虛詞、實詞等。

2、片語類,按常用和一般分類,或者按26個英文字母排序整理。

3、優美句子類,匯總一下名言警句或者優美的句子,多朗誦記憶,並靈活運用。

4、多閱讀優美的文章,分析文章內詞彙,片語,句子結構,語法等,加強口語練習。

Ⅶ 中考英語初一至初三全程知識點總結及練習

中考總復習(第一輪)(一)
Book 1
Unit 1—5
語法:名詞、冠詞(見筆記)
基本句型及知識點
1.There be 句型 be動詞需要按照「就近原則」
Eg:there ____a girl and two boys in the room.
2.some、any的用法 都具有名詞和形容詞的性質,在句中都可用作主語、賓語或定語。作定語時他們都是既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。
Some like sports,others like music.(作主語)。
I need paper, please give me some.作賓語).
Some 用於肯定句,當some用於疑問句表示希望得到對方肯定回答
Would you like some coffe?
Can you lend me some money?
any用於否定句或疑問句。
Is there any water in the glass?
修飾可數名詞用於肯定句,表「任何」
You can ask me any questions.
Some ,any 都可與of 連用,作主語或賓語。
3.In the tree on the tree
In the wall on the wall
4. thanks for doing sth
5. a photo of my family=my family photo
A photo of me=my photo
A friend of mine=my friend
6.take和bring的區別
Take 是往外拿,bring 往裡拿
7. a set of ….
8交際用語
一 、問候
(一)直接問候對方
1.問候語;
Hello./Hi
Good moring /afternoon/evening
How do you do?
How are you?
How are you doing?
How are you getting on?
How are things with you?
How is everything going?
2.應答語:
Hello./Hi
Good moring /afternoon/evening
How do you do?
I』m OK/fine./Very well,/…thanks.
Just so so.
Sure.
All right.
(二)請第二者向第三者表達問候
Please give my regards to sb.
Please give my best wishes to sb.
Please give my love to sb.
Say hello to sb
Plaese remember me to sb
Best regards/wishes to sb.
(三) 第二者代第一者向第三者轉達問候Sb, send sb』s regards/best wishes/love to you
二 、介紹
(一)介紹自己
My name is Jim/ I』m Jim.
I』m from …./ I come from…..
May I introce myself?
(二)向第二者介紹第三者
This is ……..
I』d like you to meet Bob
May I introce ……….
(三) 應答語
Hello! How do you do ? Nice to meet you.
三 、告別
( 一) 直接的告別辭

(二)委婉的告別辭
I』m sorry /afaid I have to go now.(I must be leaving now.)
(三)應答語
Good bye….. See you /soon / later
Let』s hope we』ll meet again,
Hope to see you again.
A pleasant journey to you.
I』ll miss you
四 、感謝
(一)感謝語
Thank you ,
Thank you for your help.
Thank you for helping me.
It』s very kind/nice of you..
It』s so kind/nice of you.
I appreciate(感謝) your help very much
Thank you all the same .
(二)應答語
It's a pleasure. My pleasure. It』s my pleasure.
That』s OK/all right.
Not at all. You』re welcome
Don』t mentiion it.
五 、道歉
(一) 道歉語
Sorry . Excuse me
I beg your pardon.
I』m sorry for losing your bag.
I』m sorry to interrupt you,.
I』m sorry that I』m late.
(二) 應答語
That』s all right./OK.
Never mind . It doesn』t matter.
It』s nothing. Forget it.
(一) 打電話用語
Hello. May I speak to Tom?
Hello. I』d like to speak to …
Is that ……speaking?
Extention six two two six,please?
Can I leave a message?
I』ll call back again/later.
I』ll ring him up again.
(二) 接電話用語
Hello,This is …speaking.
Hello,Who is that
Hold the line ,please
Hold on please.
Just a monment ,please
Hello,Who is speaking?
Sorry. He isn』t here right now.
Can I take a message?
Sorry. I can』t hear you.
The line is busy/bad.
I couldn』t get through.
Sorry . I』m afraid you have the wrong number.
You are wanted on the phone.
There』s a call for you .
Unit 6——10
語法:代詞
Can的用法
Can可表示能力、允許、客觀可能性,或用於否定句和疑問句中表示懷疑、猜測、驚異等態度。
Can you drive a car ? No , I can』t
Wood can be made into paper.
You can go now.
That can』t be true.
Can 在表示能力時和be able to意思相同,但be able to用於不同的時態,can只有現在時和過去時
Could作為can的過去式,可以表示能力、允許、客觀可能性、懷疑、猜測、驚異等態度。但是他還可以表示委婉地提出問題或陳述看法
Could you tell me…….

How much is it?=what』s the price of it?
Running star
Lots of healthy food
For +三餐
We have sweaters in all colors for +價格
Be on sale for +價格
When is your birthday?
My birthday is …..
What year were you born?
I was born in ……
My father often goes to movies with me=My father and I often go to the movies.
片語:date of birth speech contest
School Day Art Festival go to a movie
See a film Learn a lot about For the same reason at a good price for 8 dollars all the other…
Tell sb (not ) to do sth. Tell sb about sth tell the truth tell sb a joke=tell a joke to sb tell a lie tell a story wanted for
be good with be good to be good for
be good at help with
購物
(一) 售貨員用語
Can /May I help you?
What can I do for you?
How many /much would you like ?
What color /size /kind would you like?
What about this one?
Here』s your change.
(二) 顧客用語
I want /I』d like a pair of shoes.
How much is it ?/are they?
May I try it on?
It』s too big /small.
Sorry . it』s too expensive.
Do you have any other colors /sizes/ kinds?
Two and a half kilos /pounds,please.
That』s fine . I』ll take it.
Just have a look.
Well, I』ll think about it.
Unit 11---12
語法:時間的表示法:
1.表示幾點鍾 用基數詞 2:00 two (o』clock)
2:10 two ten
2.表示幾點過幾分(在30分鍾以內)用介詞past
2:05 five past two 7:30 half past seven
3.表示幾點差幾分(在30分鍾以上)用介詞to
4:57 three to five 6:50 ten to seven
4.一刻鍾用quarter 3:15 a quarter past three
4:45 a quarter to five
感嘆句:
1. What (a /an ) +adj + n. +主語+謂語+其他!
2. How+adj/adv+主語+謂語+其他!
What a beautiful girl she is! What fine weather ! What silly questions they asked!
What a lovely day (it is)!
How fast he is running!
What a funny time to eat breakfast!
基本句型及知識點:
What time ( when) do you usually go to bed?
What time does he go to school?
He works very long hours.
What』s your favorite+n. =what +n.+do you like best?
What time is it ?=what』s the time ( by your watch)?
At+時刻 on+具體日期 in + 年、月、周、世紀
短語: have a shower have lunch go/get to work put on take the bus to +sw all night the early morning on TV the last one to do sth
School starts at best wishes write soon
What』s the English for this?=what』s this in English?
be strict with sb ( in sth) after school
finish doing sth practise doing sth
like to do like doing
Get短語小結get about(1)走動(2)(消息)傳開
get across(使)被了解,(將...)講清楚
get ahead獲得成功,取得進展
get along(1)前進,進展(2)(with)與...相處(融洽)(3)過活,生活
get around(1)見get about(2)克服,設法迴避(問題等)(3)(to)抽時間來做(或考慮)
get at(1)夠得著,觸及(2)意思是(3)查明,發現(4)指責
get away(1)走開,離開(2)逃脫(3)(with)做了壞事而逃脫責罰
get back(1)(to)回來,回到(2)取回,恢復(3)(at)對...報復
get by(1)通過(2)過得去,(勉強)過活
get down(1)(從...)下來(2)寫下(3)使沮喪(4)(to)開始著手
get in(1)進入,抵達(2)收獲(莊稼) 收集(3)(with)對...親近
get into(1)對...發生興趣(2)捲入(3)(使)進入
get off(1)(從...)下來(2)動身,出發(3)結束(工作),下班(4)逃脫懲罰
get on(1)登上(車,船,飛機等)(2)(to)轉入(某一話題)(3)(with)與...相處(融洽)(4)進展,過活(5)(with)繼續
get out(1)(使)離去,退出(2)(消息等)泄露(3)生產,出版
get over(1)從(疾病,失望等)中恢復過來(2)克服,解決(問題等)(3)將...講清楚
get through(1)幹完,完成(2)度過(時間)(3)(使)通過(考試),(使)(議案等)獲得通過(4)(將...)講清楚(5)打通電話
get up 起身 起床
get home 到家
get everything ready 把一切都准備好
get ready for (=be ready for) 為……作好准備
get on (well) with 與……相處(融洽)
get rid of 除掉,去除
get to 到達
get there 到達那裡

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