Ⅰ 英文語法,被動語態.
when where 這些詞語引導的從句稱為狀語從句,而主句是he just looked...這個句子,如果狀語從句的內主語和主句的主語是同一個(就容是 when和he那兩個句子的主語是指同一個事情,那可以省略狀語中的主語(被動語態用done,將來時態用to do,主動語態用doing),但是如果主語不相同,那就不能省略主語了
當然這句話的完整句是 when (he was )asked why he was late,he just....
Ⅱ 英語被動語態用法總結
英語中常用的十種被動語態,你會用嗎?
小黑說英語
2017年10月07日 · 教育領域創作者
被動語態的基本構成:主語 + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞。動詞的執行者由介詞 by 引出,往往可以省去。被動語態是動詞的一種形式,有時態、人稱和數的變化,這種變化體現在助動詞 be 上。英語中常用的十種被動語態如下表所示(以ask 為例):
十種被動語態
1.一般現在時:主語 + am/is/are + 過去分詞
English is taught in most schools in china.
中國大多數學校都教英語。
2.一般過去時:主語 + was/were + 過去分詞
The computer was put into operation in 1942.
計算機於1942年投入運行。
3.一般將來時:主語 + shall/will + be + 過去分詞
The sports meet will be put off.
運動會將被推遲。
4.過去將來時:主語 + should/would + be + 過去分詞
He said he would be loved if he loved others.
他說只要他愛別人,自己就會被愛。
5.現在進行時:主語 + am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
I'm afraid I am being followed.
恐怕有人正在跟蹤我。
6.過去進行時:主語 + was/were + being + 過去分詞
The hospital was being built when I came last time.
上次我來時,這家醫院正在修建中。
7.現在完成時:主語 + have/has + been 過去分詞
Many new buildings have been completed in the city.
這座城市裡已經建成許多新建築。
8.過去完成時:主語 + had been + 過去分詞
All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.
他們到達時,所有的票已經售完了。
9.將來完成時:主語 + shall/will + have been + 過去分詞
The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.
這個月末,這個新工廠將會竣工。
10.過去將來完成時:主語 + should/would + have been + 過去分詞
He said that Book One would have been finished by the end of this term.
他說到本學期末第一冊書將已學完。
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Ⅲ 英語語法中的被動語態
一般現在時的被動語態:主語+be+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
一般過去時的被動語態:主語+was/were+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
現在進行時的被動語態:主語+be+being+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
過去進行時的被動語態:主語+was/were+being+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
一般將來時的被動語態:主語+shall/will+be原形+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
主語+be
going
to
+be原形+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
過去將來時的被動語態:主語+was/were
going
to
+be原形+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
主語+should/would+be原形+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
現在完成時的被動語態:主語+has/have+been+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
過去完成時的被動語態:主語+had+been+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
含有情態動詞的句子的被動語態:主語+情態動詞+be+過去分詞+(by短語)+其他
(1)注意:以上所說的「主語」是主動語態的賓語,by短語就是賓語加主動語態的主語,by短語通常可以省略。
(2)帶雙賓語的動詞的被動語態,我們通常把間接賓語(人)作為被動語態的主語。
eg:She
gave
me
a
letter
this
morning
.(主動語態)
(1)
I
was
given
a
letter
(by
her)
this
morning.
(2)
A
letter
was
given
to
me
(by
her)
this
morning.
相比之下第二個句子要比第一個句子要難,因為在把間接賓語作為主語是必須加上一個介詞。
(3)如果在主動語態中的賓語是個不帶to的不定式,在變被動語態是要把不定式符號to加上。
eg:She
heard
him
sing
a
song
.
He
was
heard
to
sing
a
song
(by
her).
(4)不及物動詞沒有被動語態。
Ⅳ 關於英語語法的被動語態
1.一個簡單句就只能有一個動詞,如果是復合句,則可有多個動詞
2.復合句中(即既有主句又有從句專的句子)可有兩個動屬詞,另外動名詞(動詞的名詞化形式)可在句子中出現2個。
3.Be動詞刻在進行時態中可與動詞連用
Ⅳ 英語被動語態的知識點
被動語態:表示來某件自事被做。
be(注意時態變化)+動詞的過去分詞
例:Our
homework
shuold
be
done
by
ourselves.
(我們的作業應該被我們自己做。)
現在完成時:表示到目前為止已經做完。
have/has+動詞的過去的分詞
例:I
have
finished
my
homework.
(我已經完成了我的作業。)
Ⅵ 英語語法被動語態
有5 種一般抄現在時態的被動語態am/is/are +pp(過去分詞)一般過去時態的被動語態was/were+pp
情態動詞加被動語態must/should/could等+be+pp;完成時態的被動語態have/has/had+pp
將來時態的被動語態will/would+pp
Ⅶ 英語語法 被動 例句
should have been given the job
been showed what to do
Ⅷ 英語被動語法問題
第一個:Have you ever seen water to be polluted?這里用不定詞的被動式表達,但是句子是錯誤版的,因為see後面不能接不定式形式。權
第二個:Have you ever seen water being polluted?這里用動名詞被動表達誰正在被污染,所以也是不對的,除非有上下文。
第三個 Have you ever seen polluted water?這里用過去分詞修飾water和表示被動這3句語法正確。對的。
Ⅸ 英語被動語態需要掌握哪些知識點
英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。英語中有兩種語態:主動語態和被動語態。 主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。 例如:Many people speak Chinese. 謂語:speak的動作是由主語many people來執行的。 被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 中文Chinese是動詞speak的承受者。 1. 定義: 被動語態,即不知道動作執行者或強調動作承受者的一種語態。例如中文常說:我被他打,這就是一種被動。但有時由於句子結構上的需要也要用被動,例如It is not unusual for workers in that region to be paid more than a month it 在句中作形式主語。而不定式to be paid more than a month是句子的邏輯主語。結合選項全句的意思是:「那個地方的工人一個多月後才得到工資是常有的事」。 2. 構成: be+past participle(過去分詞)(簡稱P.P.)(+by+動作執行者)(過去分詞的概念見上課) 3. 當主動語態要被改成被動的時候,我們把原句的賓語提前,作為改句的主語,主語後置,作為賓語。因此有一點要注意,不及物動詞由於不加賓語,沒有被動形式,但不及物動詞如果與某些介詞構成介詞短語,可以用被動。例如The fire had been put out before the fireman arrived. Put是不及物動詞,但put out是及物動詞 4. 應用到各種時態和句型, 如下: ① 一般式 (一般現在,一般過去,一般將來):am, is, are, was, were, is going to be , will be+done.ie. Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover. 本句的意思是:「環境一旦遭到破壞,需要多年時間才能恢復過來。」do作為及物動詞有「引起,產生」的含義,do damage的意思是「造成破壞」。主語damage是及物動詞do的動作對象,謂語應當用被動語態。同樣的,還有,I will mend the machine.相當於The machine will be mended (by me). ②進行時 (現在進行、過去進行、將來進行):be+being+P.P. ie.The classroom is being cleaned. ③ 完成時 (現在完成、過去完成、將來完成):have/has been + P.P.:例如The machine will have been repaired by 3 o』clock this afternoon.再如:My homework has been finished. ④ 其他時態 依詞類推,可得到結果。 ⑤ 情態動詞的被動語態: 主語+ 情態動詞 + be動詞 + 動詞過去分詞,例如Your teeth must be brushed. ⑥ 不定式的被動語態: to be done例:The no-shows have to be considered when deciding the rate of overbooking.(確定超過接待能力的預定時必須考慮預定了房間卻來不了的客人。) Ⅱ、主動語態變為被動的幾個特殊情況 ① 有些動詞在主動結構中,後面接不帶to的不定式,但如果改為被動,則需把省略的to加上,這類動詞有 let, make, have,和感官動詞,如:The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. ② 含有賓語從句的主動結構變為被動,通常用it作為被動結構的先行主語,從句放在句子後面/也可採用另一種形式,這類動詞有:know, say, believe, find, think, report等 ③ 是所有的主動句都可以變換成被動句,更不是所有的被動句都可以自由變換成主動句。雖然語法原則上允許主動和被動句的互相轉換,但有的句子轉換後會變成不通順或不地道的英語句子。因此,在某些題目里,這也成為判斷應該用主動還是用被動的依據。 例:At 5:05 p.m. on Saturday 19th July , there was an accident at the junction of the Main Street and Panda Road when a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van. The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital where he was treated for shock and a broken arm. 在這段文章里,a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van這句被動句強調出讀到文章的人最關心的事故的受害者。The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital這句話則說明了孩子被送到醫院的事實,至於是由誰(某個過路人?或肇事司機?)送的不重要。he was treated for shock and a broken arm這句被動句無須說出treat這個動作的發出者,因為在醫院,傷病員自然由醫務人員處理,無須羅嗦。這樣,這段文章就重點突出,條理清楚了。 ④ 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語,在用於被動結構時,可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變為主語,另一個賓語仍然保留在謂語後面。多是把間接賓語變為主語。這樣句子自然些。直接賓語變為主語時,間接賓語要變為某個介詞的賓語,介詞to可以省略。如His father left him this house.改為This house was left (to) him by his father. ⑤ 有些動詞雖為及物,但賓語並非是動作承受者,不能轉換,這些動詞有have, hold(容納),suit, fit, lack, become(適合)contain, cost, last, mean, suffice(足夠)等。 ⑥ 當直接賓語為反身代詞、相互代詞或賓語前有指代主語的物主代詞時不用被動,如I shook my head.我搖搖頭。 ⑦ 當賓語為同源賓語(與主句指同一人),動名詞,動詞不定式或一個從句時不用被動。如John enjoyed seeing the fil,. ⑧ 在一些固定說法中,有些名詞和動詞結合的固定說法,不能改We Chinese always keep our word. ⑨ 某些從不及物動詞轉化來的及物動詞,直接賓語在表示動作的方式或效果時,這些動詞在意思上起狀語的作用,沒有被動The girl kissed her boyfriend good night=The girl said good night to her boyfriend by kissing him.(這個女孩說了晚安並且親了他的男朋友) ⑩ 表地點\處所\組織\長度\大小\數量\程度\抽象名詞的詞做賓語時不用被動. 某些「不及物動詞+介詞」短語,walk into, listen to, sleep in, agree with, shake hands with, belong to, take part in, keep up with不能用被動。 某些詞用主動表被動:sell, miss, build, grow, look, smell, taste, sound, feel等 一、 被動語態的用法: 1. 一般現在時的被動語態構成:is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般過去時的被動語態構成:was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 現在完成時的被動語態構成:has / have + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4. 一般將來時的被動語態構成:will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情態動詞的被動語態構成:情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 現在進行時的被動語態構成:am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7. 不定式的被動語態:to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 二、 怎樣把主動語態改成被動語態? 把主動語態改為被動語態非常簡單,可以遵循以下幾個步驟: 1. 先找出謂語動詞; 2. 再找出謂語動詞後的賓語; 3. 把賓語用作被動語態中的主語; 4. 注意人稱、時態和數的變化。 例:1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 三、 使用被動語態應注意的幾個問題: 1. 不及物動詞無被動語態。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。 This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式,主動語態中不帶to ,但變為被動語態時,須加上to 。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態時,直接賓語(物)作主語,那麼動詞後要用介詞,這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些動詞短語用於被動語態時,動詞短語應當看作一個整體,而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。 We can』t laugh him. →He can』t be laugh by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.