⑴ 整理高中高二非謂語動詞語法,並用例句說明。
英語非謂語動詞講解及練習 非謂語動詞是指分詞(包括現在分詞和過去分詞)、不定式、動名詞等三種形式,即: doing , done , to do , doing 。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式,如: 現在分詞 doing : 有being done(被動式) ; having done (完成式); having been done (完成被動式) 不定式 to do : 有to be done (被動式); to have done (完成式); to be doing(進行式) 動名詞 doing : 有having done(完成式); being done(被動式) ; 非謂語動詞的特點: 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特徵,雖然它們沒有人稱和數的變化,但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。它們都有各自的特徵:分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特徵;動名詞具有名詞的特徵;不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特徵。具體來講:分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等;動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等;不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。 下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進行講解:一. 動詞不定式先看幾個例句,判斷不定式在句中的成分。1.To learn a foreign language is difficult .2. His wish is to be a driver . 3.Tom wanted to have a cup of beer . 4.The teacher told us to do morning exercises . 5.I have nothing to say . 6.They went to see their aunt . 7.It』s easy to see their aunt.8.I don』t know what to do next .9.I heard them make a noise .說明:1.動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4.動詞不定式作賓語補足語,5.動詞不定式作定語,6.動詞不定式作目的狀語,7.動詞不定式作真正主語,it 代替動詞不定式,作形式主語。8.帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9.不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。 掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題:1. 「to」 是不定式符號還是介詞,下列短語中的to 都是介詞。 agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to 2. 帶to 還是不帶to I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom . ( 但是: He was seen to enter the classroom .) 3. 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標記的。但是有時用of . It』s necessary for you to study hard . It』s foolish of him to do it . 與of 連用的形容詞有: good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4.後接不定式作賓語的動詞有: want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語,而要用it做形式賓語。例如:通常不說We think to obey the laws is important . 而說We think it important to obey the laws . 5.不定式的省略。下列短語中,如果意義明確,常常省略到to 。want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to , be able to 6.不定式作定語,應注意兩種關系:1)動賓關系: He has a lot of meeting to attend . Please lend me something to write with . He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in . He has no money and no place to live ( in ) . I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot . There is no time to think ( about ) . 2)主謂關系: She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting . ----I』m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 邏輯主語是I )-------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now ( 邏輯主語不是I ) 7.不定式作狀語,可以有以下幾種意義: 1) 原因 He is lucky to get here on time . 這種結構中常用的形容詞有: happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy 2) 目的 He came to help me with my maths . 3) 結果 I hurried to get there only to find him out . The book is too hard for the boy to read . He is old enough to go to school . 8 . 不定式作補足語 I saw him play in the street just now . 能跟不帶to 的不定式作補足語的動詞有: see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當這些詞為被動式時,不定式要帶to , 如: He was seen to play in the street just now.二.動名詞Learning English is very difficult .學英語非常困難。His job is driving a bus . 他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing .我喜歡跳舞。I have got used to living in the country . 我已經習慣了住農村。Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep . 吃點安眠葯,你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結構:1.There』s no telling what will happen .=It』s impossible to tell what will happen . = No one can tell what will happen . 2.It』s no use talking with him . It』s no good speaking to them like that . 3.There』s some difficulty ( in ) doing …在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題: 1.下列動詞後跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區別, forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do … 有意要做某事mean doing … 意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示後悔regret doing … 對做過去的事後悔can』t help to do…不能幫助做某事can』t help doing … 情不自禁做某事try to do … 盡力去做某事try doing 試著做某事learn to do … 學著去做某事learn doing … 學會做某事stop to do … 停下來去做(另一件事)stop doing … 停止做某事go on to do … 接著做(另外一件事)go on doing … 繼續做某事used to do … 過去做某事be used to doing … 習慣做某事2.動名詞作定語與現在分詞作定語意義有區別動名詞作定語表達 n+ for doing 的含義現在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who) be doing的含義如:a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞 , 後者是現在分詞又如: drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3. 動名詞的邏輯主語:動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如:His coming made us very happy . 4.動名詞的語態和時態 5. 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況: need doing , want doing , require doing 例如: This room needs painting . 這個房間需要粉刷。 6.只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞: admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can』t help , can』t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include , 三. 分詞 1 The story is interesting . I』m interested in it . 這個故事有興趣,我對這個故事感興趣。 2 . This is a moving film . 這是一部動人的電影。 3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president . 秘書工作到深夜,為主席准備一篇長篇演講稿。 4. Given more time , I』ll do it well . 如果給我多一點時間,我會做的更好。When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank . 當他後街時,看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。 應注意的幾個問題: 1.現在分詞與過去分詞的區別 Do you know the woman talking to Tom ? = Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country. 2.分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging . They got very excited . 1)現在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區別: The news is interesting . doing 作表語,主語與表語是主謂關系 ;done 作表語,主語與表語是動賓關系。 2)表語與被動式的區別:The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .(強調動作) The blackboard is broken . You』d better have it repaired.(強調狀態) 3)常作表語的過去分詞: amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done 3.現在分詞、動名詞 現在進行時的區別The situation in our country is encouraging . (表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 現在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby . (動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現在分詞,能回答what-question 的動名詞,即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現在進行時。 例如: How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging . What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby . 4.注意的四種結構: have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做 have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著5. 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞:seat , prepare , hide , dress 如:I seated myself on the chair .I was seated on the chair . 6.分詞做狀語與不定式的區別: 分詞做狀語表示時間、原因、讓步、 條件、方式、伴隨等;而不定式表示目的和結果。 Having finished the homework , I went home . ( 時間) Being a Party member , I should work hard . (原因) Given more time ,I can do my work better . ( 條件 ) He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy. ( 伴隨) To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . ( 目的 ) He is old enough to join the army . ( 結果) 7.分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區別 a running horse 現在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8.不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區別:I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . ( 將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum . (正在進行) The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions . ( 過去) 9.分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題: 分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系 Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful .( 錯誤 ) Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful . ( 正確) Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系;seen 與city 是動賓關系
⑵ 高二英語語法 非謂語動詞作狀語 求詳解
不定式和分詞作狀語的區別
(1)現在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區別。
現在分詞做狀語與過去分詞做狀語的最主要區別在於兩者與所修飾的主語的主動與被動關系的區別。
1)現在分詞作狀語時,現在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作,它們之間的關系是主動關系。
He went out shutting the door behind him.
他出去後將門隨手關上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由於不知如何辦是好,他去找父母幫忙。
2)過去分詞作狀語時,過去分詞表示的動作是句子主語承受的動作,它們之間的關系是被動關系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
如果對這些樹多關心一些,它們本來會長得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困難的時候,我們必須設法克服。
(2)動詞不定式和分詞作狀語的區別
1)分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨,而不定式常常表示目的。
They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他們站在路邊談論著這個計劃。(伴隨)
They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他們站在路邊為的是談論這個計劃。(目的)
2)分詞作狀語放在句子開頭,除表示原因之外有時表示時間或條件。動詞不定式作狀語時,除了表示目的以外,還表示結果或原因。
Reading attentively,he forgot the time for lunch.由於在專心讀書,他忘了吃午飯的時間。(原因)
Reading carefully,he found something he had not known before.他仔細讀書時,發現了一些從前不知道的東西。(時間)
Reading carefully,you'll learn something new.只要你仔細閱讀,你會學到一些新的東西。(條件)
His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太窮,不能維持他的生活。(結果)
The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.這男孩個子不夠高,手伸不到書架。(結果)
We are glad to hear the news.我們很高興聽到這消息。(原因)
(3)下面一些句型是不定式做狀語時候應該注意的:
a:not/never too…to, too…not to , but/only too… to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意義
b:做結果狀語的不定式只能出現在句子的末尾,常見的不定式動詞有:find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, proce 等。
c:不定式做狀語時,其邏輯主語一般為句子的主語,否則用for引導主語
⑶ 一道高二英語選擇題,being done與done作狀語
句中的and
連接的是兩個平行結構
所以動詞的形式要一致。即
所填和kept形式一致
⑷ 高二英語非謂語動詞作狀語,定語和補語,作主語表語和賓語的竅門。
你好!我來幫你:
i.
he
is your
good
friend
,
the
right
person,
who
can
always
make
you
happy.
他是你的好友,這個人,是能始終讓你幸福的人。
1,主句he
is your
good
friend
為主系表結構,
good作定語。
2,the
right
person是
your
good
friend
的同位語。
3,who
can
always
make
you
happy.為定語從句,先行詞為your
good
friend
和the
right
person,關系代詞who在從句中作主語,make是謂語,you是賓語,happy作賓語補足語。always是副詞作時間狀語,表示頻率來修飾動詞
make
。
ii.
系動詞是連接主語和表語的聯系動詞,說明主語的性質或狀態。典型代表是to
be,
當然還有其它
系動詞如become,appear,seem等。表語由名詞、形容詞、代詞、現在和過去分詞等擔任。
⑸ 高二英語非謂語
76 非謂語是left over, 獨立主格結構作狀語
77
非謂語是to improve, 作want的賓語
非謂語是confused,作主語補專足語
78
非謂語有
lost,作狀語屬
thinking of, 作狀語
getting, 作賓語
organized,賓語補足語
trying,作狀語
to settle, 作賓語
79
非謂語有
featured,作定語
to expand, 作賓語
increasing, 作狀語
compared, 作狀語
80
非謂語有
Declaring,作狀語
to do,作賓語
chaired, 作定語
to report back, 賓語補足語
⑹ 高二 英語 選修六 mole2 the cat that vanished
The Cat That Vanished (消失的貓)
威爾累得腦子都木了,他本可以繼續向北走,也有可能在某棵樹下頭枕草地昏昏睡去,但是,正當他站在那兒,試圖讓頭腦清醒些的時候,他看見了一隻貓。
那是一隻母斑貓,就像威爾家的莫克西一樣。它輕輕地走出靠著牛津一側街道上的一個花園,威爾正站在街邊。他放下購物袋,伸出手,那隻貓便跑到他身邊,在他的手指間來回蹭起了腦袋,就像莫克西常常做的那樣。當然所有的貓都是那樣的,盡管如此,威爾還是渴望回家以至於熱淚充滿了他的雙眼。
終於,那隻貓轉身跑開了。正值夜晚,它還要巡視自己的領地,捕捉老鼠。它輕輕地穿過馬路,朝著角樹林另一邊的灌木叢走去,然後在那兒停了下來。
威爾繼續盯著它,這時,他發現貓的舉動變得非常奇怪
它伸出爪子去拍它前面空氣中的某些東西,某種威爾看不見的東西。然後它向後一躍,脊背拱起,毛發豎立,尾巴僵直地伸著。威爾了解貓的習性。他更加警覺地看著,只見那隻貓再次靠近那個地方---角樹與花園樹籬的灌木叢之間的一塊空草地,又拍打了一下那裡的空氣。
它再次向後一躍,但這次沒有跳得那麼遠,也沒有那麼害怕了。於是幾秒鍾的嗅來嗅去,爪子碰觸,胡須抽動,終於好奇心戰勝了警惕性。
那隻貓向前一邁,然後就消失了。
威爾眨了眨眼睛。然後他靜靜地站著,緊靠離他最近的一棵樹干,這時一輛卡車轉彎駛過來,車燈照到他的身上。卡車開過去後,他穿過馬路,眼睛盯著那隻貓一直在打量的地方。這並不容易,因為他無法把目光集中在某件東西上,但是當他靠近那個地方,設法仔細觀察時,他看出了端倪。
終於,他從某些角度看到了。那兒看上去就像有人在距離路邊大約兩米的地方將空間切開了一塊,它大體呈方形,不到一米寬。如果你與那塊空間處在同等高度,從側面看你幾乎看不到它,從後面則完全看不見它。只能從最靠近馬路的一邊看到它,但也很難看清楚,因為透過它,你所看到的一切與這一邊完全相同:一片被街燈照亮的草地。
但是威爾深信不疑,另一邊的那塊草地在一個不同的世界裡。
他不可能說得出所以然來。他只是馬上就知道了,就好像他知道火會燃燒,善意是美好一樣。他所注視著的是某種極為陌生的東西。
僅僅是這一理由,就足以吸引著他俯下身子向更深處望去。他看到的一切使他頭暈目眩,心跳加速,但是他卻毫不遲疑:他把購物袋塞了過去,繼而自己也鑽了過去---穿過現實世界框架上的這個洞,進入另一個世界。
他發現自己站在一排樹下。那是一些高大的棕櫚樹,而不是角樹,像在牛津一樣,那些樹木沿著草地排列成行。只是,他所處的是一條寬闊的馬路中央,路的一側是成行的咖啡館和小商店,燈火通明,還在營業,在布滿繁星的夜空下,所有的店鋪都靜悄悄,無人光顧。在這個炎熱的晚上,空氣中彌漫著鮮花的芳香和海水咸鹹的味道。
威爾仔細地環顧四周。在他身後,滿月映照著遠處壯麗的青山的輪廓,山腳下的斜坡上坐落著帶有美麗花園的房子,還有一塊樹木叢生的公共綠地,一座古典風格的廟宇在其上閃著微微的白光。
空氣中的那個空洞就在他身邊,無論是從這邊還是那邊都很難看見,但卻確定無疑地存在著。俯身向空洞的那一邊望去,他看到了自己的世界---牛津的街道。他不禁一顫,轉過身來:無論這個新世界如何,總會好過他剛剛離開的那個世界。帶著逐漸出現的眩暈感覺,那種處在半夢半醒之間的感覺,他站起身來環顧四周尋找他的向導---那隻貓。
⑺ 高二 英語 英語句子結構分析 請詳細解答,謝謝! (25 15:0:49)
題錯了。正確的答來案應為other things being equal.句意為:自在其他方面一樣的情況下,一個善於表達的人一定比英語不好的人更快成功。
句子所缺部分應為狀語,不定式做狀語在中學階段只表目的和結果,都不符合題意。
現在分詞做狀語表伴隨,方式,讓步,結果,原因,條件。。。一般說來,現在分詞做狀語,其邏輯主語和句子的主語是一致的,如:Seeing from the top of the hill,we found our school was beautiful.這里see的主語就是we.但此題中現在分詞的主語是other things,句子的主語是a man,這是分詞的獨立結構。如:Weather permitting, we'll go there on foot.
⑻ 高二英語必修5作表語,定語,賓補,狀語從句各3句…各位幫幫忙,謝謝
表語從句
This is what I want,這就是我想要的
The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down. 他遲到是因為自行車壞了
Next sunday is when we shall meet. 下周日是我們見面的時間
This is why I am late.這就是我遲到的原因
定語從句
(1) A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作主語)
(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你剛剛見到的那個人就是我的朋友.
賓補:
Yesterday, I cut my hair short.
This news made me excited.
She found him a very clever boy.
狀語從句:
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪裡我都會想到你。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill. 他今天缺席,因為他病了。
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
⑼ 高二必修五英語中不定式作狀語的句子在多少頁
非謂語動詞包含四種形式,即不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞。
1.不定式
①基本形式:to do(表示主動,並且一般表示將來)
②被動式:to be done(表示被動,並且一般表示將來)
③進行式:to be doing (表示主動和進行)
④完成時:to have done(表示主動和完成)
⑤完成被動式:to have been done(表示被動和完成)
⑥完成進行式:to have been doing (表示主動和完成進行)
The teacher told us to do morning exercises.老師讓我們做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister.要買的這輛車是給他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老師進來時,她假裝正在讀書。
The thief is said to have escaped.據說小偷已經逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested.據說小偷已經被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.據說在過去的20年裡,她一直在這家工廠工作。
2. 動名詞
①基本形式:doing (表示主動) Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未來,普通人在太空旅行將會是普遍的事情。
②被動式:being done(表示被動) Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy和他的樂隊到哪裡都被他們的粉絲跟著。
③完成式:having done(表示主動和完成)I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做過這樣一件違背你的事情。
④完成被動式:having been done(表示被動和完成)
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顧客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少兩過。
3. 現在分詞
①基本形式:doing (表示主動和進行)
He sat there,reading a newspaper.他坐在那裡,讀著一張報紙。
②被動式:being done(表示被動和進行)The area being studied may be rich in coal.這個正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。
③完成式:having done(表示主動和完成)Having finished my homework,I began to watch TV.完成作業後,我開始看電視。
④完成被動式:having been done(表示被動和完成)
Having been told many times,she still can't remember it.已經被告訴了很多次,她仍然記不住。
4. 過去分詞:done
及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動或完成;不及物動詞的過去分詞表示主動或完成。
polluted river 被污染的河流;fallen leaves 落葉
注意:非謂語動詞本身不能表示時態意義。即不表示現在和過去等時態。
非謂語動詞表示進行、將來和完成時是相對於謂語動作來說的。和謂語動作同時發生表示進行;發生在謂語動作之後表示將來;發生在謂語動作之前表示完成。
⑽ 高二英語選擇題1道,在線等
C
涉及的片語是"be aware of" 和"spend ...(in)doing"這里的"in"是可以省略的
因為兩句是同一個主語,也就回是"they",而兩句之間又答沒連接詞,所以這里把前面的"they are"的省略,只是構成一個短語作為狀語。
補成完整的句子加個連接詞就行了,也就是
(When they were) aware of the danger abead, they spent a long time (in)thinking about what to do next."