『壹』 高中英語語法大全的百度文庫
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『貳』 高中英語語法匯總
1.動詞來的時態
1)動詞的現在時
2)動詞源的過去時
3)動詞的將來時
4)動詞的過去將來時
2.被動語態
1)被動語態的構成
2)被動語態的用法
3)被動語態句子中動作執行者的表示方法
4)常用的被動語態結構
5)被動結構和系表結構
3.虛擬語氣
1)虛擬語氣句子的構成
2)虛擬語氣句子中if的省略
3)虛擬語氣的其他表示方法
4)should型虛擬語氣
4.非謂語動詞
1)動詞不定式
2)動名詞
3)分詞
5.名詞性從句
1)主語從句
2)表語從句
3)賓語從句
4)同位語從句
5)定語從句
1>關系代詞關系副詞的用法
2>關系詞的選用
3>介詞+關系代詞引導定語從句
4>as作關系代詞引導定語從句
5>同位語從句和定語從句區別
6)狀語從句
1>時間狀語從句
2>地點狀語從句
3>條件狀語從句
4>原因狀語從句
5>結果狀語從句
6>目的狀語從句
7>方式狀語從句
8>比較狀語從句
9>讓步狀語從句
6.倒裝句
1)倒裝句的種類
2)完全倒裝句型
3)部分倒裝句型
7.省略句
『叄』 高中英語語法句型(全一點哦)
非謂語動詞
在句子中充當除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式叫做非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞分為三種形式:不定式,動名詞,和分詞(分詞包括現在分詞和過去分詞)。
1)不定式
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
2)動名詞
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
3)分詞
時態\語態 主動 被動
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
否定形式: not +不定式, not + 動名詞, not + 現在分詞
倒裝句之全部倒裝
全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和 一般過去時。常見的結構有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置於句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒裝句之部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞,則需添加助動詞do, does或did,並將其置於主語之前。
1) 句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
當Not until引出主從復合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。
注意: 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例題
1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 這是一個倒裝問題。當否定詞語置於句首以表示強調時,其句中的主謂須用倒裝結構。 這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型,我們知道為一倒裝句,答案在C,D 中選一個。
改寫為正常語序為,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現在將not提前,後面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。
以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例題
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時,一般採用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意:只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時,才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置於句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個並列詞語,不可用倒裝結構。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
so, neither, nor作部分倒裝
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒裝。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例題
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案:B. nor為增補意思"也不關心",因此句子應倒裝。A錯在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不對且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。
注意: 當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時,不可用倒裝結構。意為"的確如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
only在句首要倒裝的情況
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子為主從復合句,則主句倒裝,從句不倒裝
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
as, though 引導的倒裝句
as / though引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 (形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實義動詞提前)。
注意:
1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
2) 句首是實義動詞, 其他助動詞放在主語後。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語, 隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:
讓步狀語從句中,有though,although時,後面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可連用。
其他部分倒裝
1) so… that 句型中的so 位於句首時,需倒裝。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝願的句型中:
May you all be happy.
3) 在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞,可將if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主語之前,採取部分倒裝。
Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例題:
1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案為D. 否定詞Not在句首,要求用部分倒裝的句子結構。
2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案為B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析:答案為B. 句中的nor引出部分倒裝結構,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引導的倒裝句,表示前一情況的重復出現。其中, so用於肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
名詞性從句
在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞從句的功能相當於名詞片語, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等,因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能,名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類:
連接詞:that,whether,if 不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
連接副詞:when, where, how, why
不可省略的連詞:
1. 介詞後的連詞
2. 引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比較:whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下,whether 不能被if 取代:
1. whether引導主語從句並在句首
2. 引導表語從句
3. whether從句作介詞賓語
4. 從句後有"or not"
Whether he will come is not clear.
大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置於句末,用 it充當形式主語。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
名詞性that-從句
1)由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。 That只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔任任何成分,本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語,例如:
主語:That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他還活著全靠運氣。
賓語:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。
表語:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。
同位語:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近來誰也沒有見過他,這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。
形容詞賓語:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你對工作滿意我感到很高興。
2)That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that-從句置於句末,例如:
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整個計劃註定要失敗。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系:
a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明顯……
b. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句
It is believed that… 人們相信……
It is known to all that… 從所周知……
It has been decided that… 已決定……
c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常識
It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事實是……
d. It +不及物動詞+ that-分句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
名詞性wh-從句
1)由wh-詞引導的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等,例如:
主語: How the book will sell depends on its author. 書銷售如何取決於作者本人。
直接賓語:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家裡可以隨心所欲。
間接賓語:The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱樂部將給得勝者設獎。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什麼名字就取什麼名字。
同位語: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什麼時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什麼拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: That depends on where we shall go.
那取決於我們去哪兒。
2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置於句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結婚依然不明。
if, whether引導的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在於我們是否應該借錢給他。
同位語:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他們調查他是否值得信賴。
形容詞賓語: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關聯詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
『肆』 找一些高中英語主要的語法 句型。能詳細就拜託詳細點哦~
你好,推薦你去買本《高中英語語法指南》的書,不貴,而且很全面,基礎,難點都回羅列了!光答看幾個別人打的語法是不全面的。
高中為止,英語的語法已經全部學完了,但是要熟練和精通,還是有待繼續專研的。
祝學業進步!
『伍』 高中英語所有基本句型
英語基本句型
一英語基本句型-1主系表結構/S (主)+ V(謂)()( 系動詞)+ P(表)
本結構是由主語+系動詞+表語組成,主要用以說明主語的特徵,類屬,狀態,身份等。系動詞有:
1.表示特徵和存在狀態的:be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;
2.表示狀態延續的:remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;
3.表示狀態變化的:become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
如:Our English teacher is thirty years old.
The cake tastes delicious.
We feel used to living in big cities.
The potatoes went bad in the fields.
Their boss seems satisfied with the work.
Deep water stays still.
鞏固練習1:
1.冬季白天短,夜晚長
2.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。
3.孩子們很少保持安靜。
4.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。
5.他失業了。
二英語基本句型-2主謂結構/S(主)+ Vi(不及物動詞)(謂)
本結構是由主語加不及物的謂語動詞構成, 常用來表示主語的動作。
如:The sun rises. Tom has already left.
主語可有修飾語-定語,謂語可有修飾語-狀語。
如:1. The red sun rises in the east.
2. So they had to travel by air or boat.
3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.
4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.
5. He came back when we were eating.
6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
鞏固練習2:
1.她昨天回家很晚。
2.會議將持續兩個小時。
3.在過去的十年裡,我的家鄉已經發生了巨大
4.1919年,在北京爆發了「五.四」運動。
5.每天八時開始上課。
三英語基本句型-3主謂賓結構/S (主)+ Vt (及物動詞)(謂)+ O(賓)
本結構是由主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語構成。賓語成分的多樣化使得這一結構異常復雜。
如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall.
2. I don』t know if he can come tomorrow.
3. They haven』t decided where to go next.
4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.
5. It took them ten years to build the dam.
7. Mother promises to give me a present.
鞏固練習3:
1.昨晚我寫了一封信。
2.今天下午我想同你談談。
3.這本書他讀過多次了。
4.他們成功地完成了計劃。
5.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。
四英語基本句型4 雙賓語結構/S (主)+VT(謂)+ InO(間接賓)+ DO(直接賓)
說明:此結構由「主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(事物)」組成。
如:He brings me cookies every day.
但若要先說出直接賓語(事物),後說間接賓語(人),則要藉助於介詞to或for。
如:He brings cookies to me every day.
She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to側重指動作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對著某人。
用for 側重指動作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人。
常跟雙賓語的動詞有:(需藉助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等;
(需藉助for 的)buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。
鞏固練習4:
1.Johnson 先生去年教我們德語。
2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。
3.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎?
4.他把車票給列車員看。
5.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?
五英語基本句型5 復合賓語結構/S (主)+ VT(謂)+ O(賓)+ O C(賓補)
說明: 此結構由「主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語」構成。賓語與賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關系或主表關系,若無賓語補足語,則句意不夠完整。可以用做賓補的有:名詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語,動詞不定式,分詞等。
如:The sun keeps us warm.
I heard him singing.
You must get your hair cut.
They made Tom monitor.
He used to do his homework with his radio on.
用 it 做形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的後面,以使句子結構平衡,是英語常用的句型結構方式。即:主語+謂語+it+賓補+真正賓語。
如:I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
鞏固練習5:
1.我們叫她Alice.
2.我們大家都認為他是誠實的。
3.他們把小偷釋放了。
4.我要你把真相告訴我。
5 .衛兵命令我們立即離開。
六英語基本句型6 There be 句型
說明: 此句型是由「there+be+主語+狀語」構成,用以表達存在關系可以稱「……有……」。它其實是倒裝的一種情況,主語位於謂語動詞 be 之後,there 僅為引導詞,並無實際語意。
此句型有時不用be動詞,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。
如:There stands a hill in the middle of the park.
Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.
Be 與其後的主語在人稱和數量上一致,有時態和情態變化。如:
現在有 there is/are …
過去有 there was/were…
將來有 there will be…;there is /are going to be...
現在已經有 there has/have been…
可能有 there might be...
肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...
過去曾經有 there used to be …
似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …
碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …
鞏固練習6:
1.這個村子過去只有一口井。
2.客人當中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。
3.天氣預報說下午有大風。
4.燈亮著,辦公室里肯定有人。
5.戰前這兒一直有家電影院的.
課文句子翻譯練習:
1. 他們正在面對面地交談。(face)
_______________________________________________________________.
2. 根據約翰說的, 下周將有一次會議。(according)
________________________________________________________________.
3. 他早起為了趕頭班車。 (in order to)
________________________________________________________________.
4. 你和你的同學相處得怎麼樣? (get along with)
_______________________________________________________________.
5. 我們對他的安全都很關切。 (concern)
_______________________________________________________________.
6. 你是否需要一個你可以無話不談的朋友?
____________________________________________________________________.
7. 你近況如何?
_____________________________________________________________________.
8. 我們成為好朋友已十年了。
_____________________________________________________________________.
9. 我還沒來得及回答他的第一個問題, 他又問了一個問題。
_____________________________________________________________________.
10. 我像大部分人那樣記日記。
____________________________________________________________________.
英語基本句型練習答案
鞏固練習答案1:1.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.
2.At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.
3.Children seldom keep quiet.
4.Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.
5.He is out of work.
鞏固練習答案2:1. She went home very late yesterday evening.
2. The meeting will last two hours.
3. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.
4. The May Fourth Movement broke out
in Beijing in 1919.
5. Classes begin at eight every day.
鞏固練習答案3:1. I wrote a letter last night.
2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.
3. He has read this book many times.
4. They have carried out the plan successfully.
5. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.
鞏固練習答案4:1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.
2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?
4.He showed the ticket to the conctor.
5.Shall I call you a taxi?
鞏固練習答案5:
1.We call her Alice.
2.All of us considered him honest.
3.They have set the thief free.
4.I want you to tell me the truth.
5.The guards ordered us to leave at once.
鞏固練習答案6:1.There was only a well in the village.
2.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.
3.The weatherman says there』ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.
4.The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.
5.There used to be a cinema here before the war.
課文句子翻譯練習答案:1. They are talking face to face./ They are having a face-to face talk.
2. According to John, there is going to be a meeting next week.
3. He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
4. How are you getting along with your classmates?
5. We are all concerned about his safety.
6. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to?
7. How are you getting along / on recently?
8. We have been good friends for ten years.
9. He asked a second question before I could answer the first one.
10. I keep a diary as most people do.
『陸』 高中英語語法句式講解
英語中的句子的基本句型有五大:
1.主系表
2.
主謂(Vi)
3.主謂(Vt)賓
4
主謂賓+賓補
5.
主謂+間接賓語+直接賓語
(解釋一下,主語就是動作的執行者,謂語就是要執行的動作,賓語是動作的承受者,賓補是補充說明賓語的狀態,系表是解釋主語是什麼)
可以這么說,學好五大句型是學好英語的基礎!學好五大句型,就可以自己分析英語中的復合句了。
那麼想搞清楚句子結構,首先要對動詞有所了解,動詞在句子中是充當謂語的,也只有動詞才能充當謂語。動詞分為以下幾類:
1.系動詞:1)be動詞:am,
is,
are,
was,
were
2)感官動詞:look,hear,
sound....(他們翻譯為看起來,聽起來,....)當然他們也可以作為實義動詞。
3)表變化類的:become,
turn,
go
4)
表持續類的:stay,
ramain,...
這時你要記住系表結構,系動詞之後就是表語!
2.實義動詞(或稱為行為動詞):他又分為及物動詞(Vt)和不及物動詞(Vi)
及物動詞後可直接跟上賓語,不及物動詞不可直接跟上賓語,要加上相應的介詞
這時你要記住動賓結構和介賓結構,及物動詞和介詞後就是賓語!
3.情態動詞:can,
must,
....
後面這接接動詞原形,這里就不詳解了
4.助動詞:do,did,...
不詳解了
下面舉例:
最簡單的:I
love
you.
主謂賓結構。(我是動作的發出者或叫執行者,發出愛之個動作,你被我愛,是動作的承受著)
He
is
a
student.
主系表結構。
(他是一個學生,解釋說明主語的)
總而言之,分析英語的句子,首先要找動詞,同時,你要記得幾個結構:主謂結構,動賓結構,介賓結構,系表結構。
並列句:用並列連詞(and,
but,
or.
so.
for)等連接而成的大句子,其中的前後分句之間存在並列、轉折、遞進、因果等意義關系。
復合句:就是用一個子句(即從句)來充當一個簡單的某個成分而構成的大句子叫復合句,其中,從句都有連詞(或關系詞)引導,從句可能在復合句中充當主句的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語等。
『柒』 求百度文庫ppt文檔:高中英語語法教學技巧-張麗芳
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