Ⅰ 初中英語定語從句語法
（1）因為where先行詞在定語從句中是當成「地點狀語」來理解的，所以，等效替換的時候其句子專成份的功能應該屬一樣，而介賓短語要麼作「狀語」要麼作「補語」，也就說，介賓短語可以充當「狀語」的功能。
（2）where在用你說的那幾個介賓短語替代時候，主要看2點：一點就是看對象（或意思），其差別就是介詞in/on/at/to的差別，表示的地點、位置不同（如in this room等）；另一點就是看一些常用的介詞搭配（本質上還是看意思，如 be interested/involved/absorbed 等過去分詞習慣跟in，表示在什麼裡面）。
同樣地，這個等效替代方法也適用於when、why、how等表示時間、原因、方式/狀態的「狀語」。
Ⅱ 初中英語定語從句講解
定語從句即用句子來做定語，被修飾或被限制的詞稱作先行詞，例如版
1.I don't know the girl who is talking there.
2.I don't know the girl who you met just now.
3.Give me the book that you read just now.
4.Give me the book ,which you read just now.
5.Give me the pen that you write with.
6.Give me the pen with which you write .
仔細看句子中的book 和pen就是先權行詞，他們後面的who that which 就是引導定語從句的關系代詞，當先行詞是人用who,先行詞是物用that,先行詞後出現介詞或逗號用which.
這是一種捷徑，細節問題找本語法書慢慢學。
Ⅲ 初中英語：定語從句的用法
1.what不能引導定語從句.
2.關系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。
一.指人的關系代詞有who、whose、whom、that. 試分析：
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）註：
A．指人時有時只用who不宜用that。
1．先行詞為one、ones或anyone
（1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
（2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
2．先行詞為these時
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
3．在there be 開頭的句子中
There is a student who wants to see you.
4．一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關系代詞是that，另一個宜用who，以免重復。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
5．在非限制性定語從句中
A。I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.
B．主句以who開頭的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二．指物的關系代詞有which、whose(=of which)、that. 試分析：
1. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
2. The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
3. This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
4. I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
註：
A. 介詞如果位於作為其賓語的關系代詞之前時，只能用whom、 which不能用who或that.
(1). The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.
(2). The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.
B. 部分短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動詞之後。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping』s son.
C．指物時，下列情況下只能用that ，不宜用which。
（1）先行詞為不定代詞，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、the one等。
We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.
I have told them all (that) I know.
All that can be done has been done.
（2）先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞、修飾時。
The first book that I read last night was an English novel.
（3）先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時。
This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
（4）如果有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。
We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.
（5）如果先行詞被the only、the very、the last、the same、any、 few 、little、no、 all 、one of、 just修飾時。
This is the only book that can be lent to you.
（6）當主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時，關系代詞只用that。
Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?
D．只物時，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。
（1）關系代詞放在介詞之後
This is the factory in which we once worked.
（2）非限制性定語從句中
This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.
（3）that，Those作主語時
Those which are on the desk are English books.
E．先行詞前有such、the same、 as時, 關系代詞用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同樣的, the same…that…表示同一的
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
三．比較When/which、where /which、why.
which I still never forget.
This is the day when I joined the party.
which he spent reading the books.
where I found the book.
which makes machines.
This is the place which we once visited.
which I will never forget.
which I am looking for.
限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別：
限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句
All the students who study hard have passed.學習努力的學生都考試及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒及格。) All the students ,who study hard have passed.所有的學生都及格了，他們學習努力。（沒有人不及格，這些學生都很努力。）
從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語（如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。）從句是對先行詞的附加說明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影響。）與主句關系密切，不用逗號與主句關系不十分密切，用逗號與主句隔開譯為漢語時，從句譯在先行詞前，與先行詞用「的」連接譯為漢語時，從句放在主句後面關系代詞that可以代替who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞不用that,只用who、whom(指人)、which(指物) 關系代詞代替賓語時可以省略關系代詞不能省略關系代詞as和which
先研究下面兩個例句：
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出來，這頭象像條蛇。
○2.Tom didn』t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry. Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。
這兩個例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個主句所表示的內容。但有兩點不同之處：
1．在形式上as引導的非限制性定語從句可位於主句的後面，也可位於主句的前面；而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能位於主句的後面，不能位於主句的前面。
2．在意義上，as引導的定語從句和主句的關系一般為一致關系，常譯為「正如……」，「就像……」，而which引導的定語從句和主句的關系是因果關系，或which引導的定語從句是對主句的評論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as，而as許多時候不能代替which，如句○2。再如：
1．He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again. 正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們早就料到的。
2． The street hasn』t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街道好多星期沒有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。（不用as）
3．The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful. 那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢財，這是不光彩的。（不用as）
4．He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health. 他每天運動，這對他的身體很有好處。（不用as）
5．As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner. 正如已經指出的那樣，英語對於初學者說，是相當難學的。在such…as…、the same…as…、 as…、 as many…/much as…等結構中,as不能用which代替。如：
1.Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 這樣的書對於初學的人來說是太難了。
=Books such as this are …
=Books like this are …
2.I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大樓里。
3.He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他認識所有到會的人。
4.That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我們和平時一樣，都起得很早。
「One of the +復數名詞」後面定語從句中謂語單復數情況
這一結構後面的定語從句的謂語動詞通常用復數形式，跟定語從句所靠近的那個復數名詞在數上保持一致。如：
1． That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2． This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3． She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4． This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,
如果one of +復數名詞這一結構前面帶有the only、the very之類的限定語，後面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數形式，這是因為定語從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個復數名詞。如：
1.He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修飾the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修飾the teachers)
2.This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修飾the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修飾rooms)
as與which引導的定語從句
兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。
1. 關系代詞引導的定語從句居句首時。 As we all know, the earth is round.
2. 當與such或the same連用時，一般用as。 Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.
3. 當從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。 She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.
4. as在從句中作主語時，後面常接行為動詞的被動語態，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態，一般要用which作主語。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
Ⅳ 初中英語定語從句
定語從句：英語中，在復合句中作定語，修飾主句中的某名詞或代詞的從句。
先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的詞，通常放在定語從句之前。
引導詞：引導定語從句的詞（也叫關聯詞）
關系代詞：如that, which，who,whom,whose等
關系副詞:如when, where, why等）。
引導詞通常位於先行詞和定語從句之間，它既起聯系作用，又充當從句中的某個句子成分。
其間主要區別：
一。that與which的用法區別
兩者都可指物，常可互換。其區別主要在於：
1. 引導非限制性定語從句時，通常要用which：
The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使這條河很危險。
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn』t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜歡這樣的。
The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 倫敦隊上一個季度打得很好，這個季度卻打得很差。
2. 直接放在介詞後作賓語時，通常要用which：
She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那樣我們就要等等她。
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已找到了。
This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送來一些波爾圖葡萄酒，為此我得向你道謝。
註：有時「介詞+which」引導的定語從句可以轉換成「介詞+which+不定式」結構：
He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫長夜可用來學習。
He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手槍用來自衛。
3. 當先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時，通常用that：
All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是訓練。
Have you everything that you need? 你需要的東西都有了嗎?
The sleeping man』s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 這位酣睡的人頭腦的下意識能記住他周圍的人說的話。
She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不贊同的事她絕不會做。
4. 當先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時，通常用that：
This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個。
Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原話。
5. 當先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時，通常用that：
This is the best dictionary that I』ve ever used. 這是我用過的最好的詞典。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應該做的第一件事是訂個計劃。
6. 當關系代詞在定語從句中用作表語時，通常用that：
China is not the country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。
7. 當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的並列片語時，通常用that：
They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談論了使他們印象最深的人和事。
8. 當要避免重復時：
Which is the course that we are to take? 我們選哪門課程？
二。that與who的用法區別
1. 兩者均可指人，有時可互換（包括當先行詞為 all, anyone, someone等，同時也包括先行詞受the only等的修飾時）：
All that [who] heard him were delighted. 所有聽了他講話的人都很高興。
He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian.他是我們中間唯一懂俄語的人。
Anyone who [that] is over sixteen is allowed in. 任何超過十六歲的人都允許進去。
It is impolite to turn your back on someone who [that] is speaking to you. 人家跟你說話，你把背朝人是不禮貌的。
2. 但是在下列情況，通常要用 that：
①當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的並列片語時：
I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在國外所見到的人和事作了報告。
②當先行詞是who時(為避免重復)：
Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 誰贏得了1982年的世界盃？
③當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(可省略)：
Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 湯姆這孩子已不是以前那個樣子了。
3. 但是在下列情況，通常要用 who：(www.yygrammar.com)
當先行詞為 those 且指人時，英語習慣上要用 who 來引導定語從句。如：
Those who do not wish to go need not go. 不願去的人不需要去。
Those who couldn』t walk were carried on stretchers. 那些不能走的人都用擔架抬著。
It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 據說吃得最多的人身體最差。
Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些預先訂票的人可以進去。
The plan was supported by those who wished to listen to more good English. 這計劃受到想多聽好英語的人的支持。
Let us spend a few moments in silence so that / in order that we remember those who died to preserve our freedom. 讓我們默哀片刻，以緬懷那些為維護我們的自由而犧牲了的人們。
註：偶爾也可見到在 who 之後用 that 引導定語從句的用例，但相當少見。如：
The danger is that people who pay their bills on time will be lumped in with those that don』t. 危險的是那些及時付賬的人將會同那些不及時付賬的人混在一起。（摘自《朗文當代英語辭典》2003年第4版）
希望你學業有成！
Ⅳ 初中英語 定語從句 引導詞
關系代詞：who
whom
which
that
whose
關系副詞：where
why
when
在從句中作主語時不可以省略，作賓語時可以省略
中考重點考詞彙積累和近義詞辨析
Ⅵ 初中英語定語從句的講解和例句
首先解釋一下在定來語從句中引導詞前源面的詞叫先行詞,先行詞為名詞或為代詞的是定語從句。
例：The boy who won the competition is Tom
在此句中boy為先行詞，who為引導詞，主句為兩部分1.the boy
2 is Tom
且定語從句沒有固定的時態（如賓語從句的主過從過），主要是根據句意或遵循主從句時態一致。
在定語從句中從句是修飾先行詞的。
Ⅶ 初中英語語法中的定語從句的引導詞有哪些怎樣用
有that、襲which、who、whom等，當修飾限制的是人的時候，引導詞用who,whom,that；
當修飾限制的是物品的時候，引導詞用that,which;
且which一般用來引導非限制性定語從句
就這些，希望能夠幫到你
滿意的話別忘了把小紅旗插上哦
Ⅷ 初中英語定語從句的一些語法
定語從句
定語是指在句子中用來修飾名詞、代詞的成分
如：I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower. (中beautiful就是定語)
定語從句是指在一個句子中作定語的句子，定語從句要放在所修飾的詞後
如：I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.
定語從句的連接詞：
連接代詞：who、which、whom、whose、that
連接副詞：when、where、why
一. 定語從句的功用和結構
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之後。引導定語從句的關聯詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。例如：
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. Do you know everybody who came to the party?
I still remember the night when I first came to the village? This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
關系代詞和關系副詞的功用
關系代詞和關系副詞用來引導定於從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯系起來。關系代詞和關系副詞又在定語從句中充當一個成分。關系待客做主語，賓語，定語，關系副詞可作狀語。
作主語：關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數須和先行詞一致。例如：
I don』t like people who talk much but do little. The cars which are proced in Hubei Province sell very well.
2. 作賓語：
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called 「The Great Escape」.
3. 作定語
關系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語用。例如：
What』s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作狀語
I』ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. This is the house where I was born.
各個關系代詞和關系副詞的具體用法
1． who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。例如：
The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5．that多指物，有時也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：
I』ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指時間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：
I』ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地點，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：
This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city
四. 關系代詞 whom， which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放於先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置於定語從句的後面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：
1． 只能使用that,不用which 的情況：
(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時。例如： All that he said is true.
(2) 先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
(3) 先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾的詞。例如： He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾的詞。 This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時。例如： He talked about the people and the things he remembered.
這是我在上課的時候用的資料。你可以先看看