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人教版高一英語必修一語法總結

發布時間:2021-02-26 09:29:18

1. 高一英語語法匯總

高一英語必修一語法要點
一. 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現
二. 現在進行時
1. 說話時正在進行的動作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構
1. With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1.基本表達式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去)
3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等)
4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動作已經完成)
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如:I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。
注意:比較過去時與現在完成時
1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.
(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時
1. 概念:表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.現在完成進行時
1.其構成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下:
2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如:
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6.否定句構成:
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7.一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

2. 急求高一人教版必修一的所有英語語法!!!

高一英語必修一語法要點
一. 一般現在時 1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等 例如:I am a girl. 2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作 例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00. 3. 標志性的詞語 Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現 二. 現在進行時 1. 說話時正在進行的動作 例如:I am reading. 2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語 例如:The plane is going to Beijing. 3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、 All the time等 例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較 1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B 例如:The class is twice as big as that one. 2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B 例如:The class is twice bigger than that class. 3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height \depth\+of+B 例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構 1. With+賓語+賓語補足語 賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語 2.常用結構 ○1with+賓語+doing 表主動與進行 例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him. ○2with+賓語+done 表被動與完成 例如:With all things she need bought,she went home. ○3with+賓語+to do 表將來 例如:With so many thing to deal with. 五. 現在完成進行時 現在完成進行時 1.基本表達式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去) 3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等) 4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在這里已經工作五年了。 5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去) 我一直在寫一本書。 I have written a book.(動作已經完成) 我已經寫了一本書。 They have been building a bridge. 他們一直在造一座橋。 They have built a bridge. 他們造了一座橋。 6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。 例如:I have known him for years. 我認識他已經好幾年了。 I have been knowing... 這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。 注意:比較過去時與現在完成時 1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。 2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 現在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不確定的時間狀語 3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (強調看的動作發生過了。) I have seen this film. (強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發生過了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。) She has returned from Paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續) He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。 (錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時 1. 概念:表示過去的過去 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2. 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七.現在完成進行時 1.其構成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞 He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下: 2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如: It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下) Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently. 4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如: Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。 如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好. He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。 6.否定句構成: 主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞 7.一般疑問句構成: Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

3. 高一必修一英語語法(人教版)

若答案錯誤,請指出並解釋,重在解釋,謝謝!

1、I ( )regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
A、no longer B、not longer C、no more D、not more
答案:
問?為什麼C不對。

I (no longer ) regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
= I didn't regard him as my friend any more because he has lied to me many times.

一個跟延續動詞,一個跟不延續的,可以用否定互換,如果覺得不好記,

no longer = don't ..... any more 記這個吧

2、There is very little room in the lab because it has ( ) too much equipment.
A、so B、far C、very D、that
答案:B
問?為什麼選B,
主要是區別什麼能放在:"too much "前面表示程度
ACD都是不行的.只能記住了.

I've had far too much already.
我已經吃得太多了。
You're running far too much.
你跑動太多了。
Now she has far too much to carry home.
現在她的東西太多了,沒法拿回家。

比較常見,也好記的.

3、 ( ) the book,he brush his hair by raising his hand slightly.
A、While reading B、To read C、Read D、When read
答案:A
問?選B可不可以。

當他讀書的時候, 他用手輕輕的梳理頭發.

這是同時發生的, 而B 不定式,表示將來意思,或是一種目的狀語,
放在這里都不適合.

用分詞,表示伴隨意義,是比較合適的.

4、Adam ( ) with the new library when he saw it for the first time.( fall in love )
問?用何種時態填空。

when he saw it 可見是過去的.
for the first time 表示結果,影響,要用完成.
had fallen in love.

第一次看到圖書館,就愛上它了.
這是表示一種結果的,用完成很常見的.

4. 急!!求人教版高一英語必修一句型總結

1.Eric the Red _______ _______ _______ leave Iceland because he ______ ______ ______ ______, ______ ______ he got into trouble. Eric 因為謀殺被迫離開冰島。2.He _________ some people ______ _____ ______ with him to Greenland.他說服了一些人跟他一起去格陵蘭島。3.Eric ________ Greenland and _______ that people could live in the place ______ he landed. Eric 到達了格陵蘭島,發現人們可以生活在他登陸的地方。4.Some look for ways ______ _____ pollution, some ______ ____ _____ _____ levels of pollution, other departments ____ ______ _____ _______ _______ it comes from and punishing people _____ have broken the law _____ ______ pollution.一些部門尋找減少污染的方式,一些部門對污染進行記錄,其他部門負責找到污染源並懲罰那些違反法律污染環境的人。5.In the worst areas they ______ _____ completely for a few months _____ ____ ____ _____ _____ the fish numbers can grow again.在最嚴重的地方,他們曾經完全禁釣幾個月這樣魚能夠再次得到生長。6.They have a huge mouth and can eat fish _____ ____ _____ themselves.它們長著大嘴,能夠吃掉跟它們一樣大小的魚。7.You certainly won』t find ______ ______ fish.你肯定找不到更吵的魚了。8.Some fish can proce sounds almost _______ ____ ____ ____ your speaking voice!有些魚發出的聲音是你說話聲音的兩倍大。9.______ sooner, the ______.越快越好。10.I was trying to recover ______ my elder brother put his mouth close to my car, and _______ ______ the terrifying word 「Whirlpool!」就在我努力恢復體力時,我哥哥把嘴貼近我的耳朵,尖聲叫道「漩渦!」11._____ _____ _____, the sky ______ _____ _____ dark clouds and in _____ _____ a minute we were in a terrible storm.突然天空烏雲密布,不到一分鍾,可怕的風暴襲來。12.About three years ago, ______ _____ happened ____ me.大約三年前,在我身上發生了可怕的事情。13.I will ______ my story quickly _____ ____ ________.我馬上要把我的故事進行收尾了。14.A lot of hiking holidays _______ _______, but the reality is often very different.很多的遠足之旅聽起來不錯,但現實卻不是這樣。15.All our guides _____ _____ _____of _______ _____ _____ hiking trips in the Himalayas.我們所有的導游都有著幾年的帶領Himalayas的經驗。16._____ _____ _____ the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters.除了領隊,所有的隊都有廚師和搬運工。17.While on a hiking trip, our cooks prepare delicious meals and our porters carry your luggage, ______ which means that you can simply enjoy the experience.在徒步旅行中,我們的廚師負責美味可口的飯菜,搬運工負責搬運行李,你要做的就是徒步旅行。18.I ______ to ____ ____ bungee jumping and now I ____ really _____ it.我決定開始蹦極,現在我真的很喜歡它。19.When I ______ ______ for my first jump I was _____ _____ _____ I tried to _____ _____, but my friends ______ me ___ _____ ____ with it.當我出現在第一跳前時,我是如此的緊張,以至於想退出,我的朋友們說服了我完成了它。20.It』s difficult ____ ______ _____ _______ exciting it is.很難解釋清楚它到底有多刺激。21.A friend of mine has just ______ _____ jogging ____ ____ ___ ____ _____.我的一個朋友剛選擇了慢跑來保持健康。22.They were going to have a party last Saturday but _____ ____ at the last minute.上周六他們原打算開了聚會,最後一刻他們有不開了。23.When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, _____ wanted to ____ ____ ____ the Chinese.當他十七歲時,他與父親跨過了歐洲和亞洲,他父親想與中國人做生意。24.Marco _____ _____ ____ ____ beautiful and powerful China was.馬可波羅為中國的美麗與強大震驚。25.He _____ ____ _____ by the Summer Palace _____ he described ____ the greatest palace _____ ever ______.他對頤和園留下了很深的印象,頤和園被他描述成史上最偉大的皇宮。26.Marco was often asked the question, 「Was it all true?」 ____ ____ he replied, 「I have only told a half of ______ I was!」馬可波羅經常被問到「這一切都是真的嗎?「這樣的問題。他答道「我只講出了我所看到的一半」。27.______ many people thought that Marco』s stories about China were ______ fantastic ____ ____ true, Marco always _____ ____ his tales.盡管很多人都認為馬可波羅的故事過於傳奇不是真的,他總是堅持自己的故事是真的。28.The men were soon ______ and were _____ _____ _______ food.這些人的食物快吃光了,他們很快筋疲力盡。29.______ centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication ______ East and West. 幾百年來,絲綢之路是東西方交流的重要通道。30.The Silk Road was not just the route _______ ______ goods were carried. It was also important for the _________ of ideas. 絲綢之路不僅僅是運送貨物的通道,還是東西方交流思想的通道。31.People _____ ______ _____ the _______ ______ cycling Amsterdam for years.幾年來,阿姆斯特丹的人們一直在享受騎自行車帶來的好處。32.Today people ______ Amsterdam the 「City of Bicycles」 _____ ____ the convenience for bicycles there.如今,由於自行車的便捷,人們把阿姆斯特丹稱作「自行車之城」。33.The bikes ______ _____ at special parking places and people ______ want to use them have to take them to another special parking place _____ has enough _______. 自行車停在特殊的停車點,想使用他們的人必須把他們停放在有足夠空間的特殊的自行車存放點。34.There is already ______ in central Amsterdam, because _____ locals ______ tourists ______ ______ _______ the white bike. 阿姆斯特丹的車輛已經少了很多,因為當地人和外地遊客一直使用自行車。35.How can you ____ ____ ____ ___ _____ ___ solar cars?你怎麼說服人們只是到太陽能汽車的優點?36.____ ______, about forty people travel in one bus, _____ the same number ______ thirty-three cars.通常來講,一輛公交車能載40人左右,然而相同數字的人乘坐小汽車卻需要33輛。37.____ ____ ____ ten years, ____ ____ of cars on the roads in Britain ____ ____ ___ ___ 30%. 在過去的十年間,英國的汽車和道路的數量上漲了30%。38.Before you get into your car, ____ ____ ____ you really need to ____ ____ _____.在你上車之前,考慮一下是否需要開車外出。39.If you』ve really got to use a car, ____ ____ ____ someone else. It is ____ ____ and ____ ____ the environment.如果你真的上了車,與他人合車,既便宜又對環境有好處。40.I』ve got to ____ ____ my daughter from school at four o』clock.我還要下午四點鍾接我女兒。41.Roads now ____ the biggest cities ____ the smallest towns so ____ ____ ____ go anywhere ____ anytime. 道路連接大城小鎮,使我們任何時間到達任何地點成為可能。42._____ ____ the good ideas of lots of people, many people around the world ____ ____ _____ enjoying city center streets _____ cars for many years.由於眾人的好的想法,世界上的許多人都享受到了很多年城市裡沒有汽車的生活。43.Some types of cancer ____ _______ _____ traffic pollution.一些種類的癌症魚污染有關。44.Anger and stress are _____ _______ _____ the real costs of the motor car.憤怒和壓力與汽車的真正消耗比較起來什麼也算不上。45.Do ______ of these things that _____ you. Don』t just _____ _____ and _______.採取任何你能採取的措施,不要簡單的坐在那抱怨。46.I admit: I』m ______ _____ my car.我承認我對我的車上癮。47.They believed that it would better for everybody if cars ______ _____ in the city center and only bicycles were.他們認為如果在城市中只允許有自行車而沒有汽車,對每個人都會有好處。48與40重復!!!49.____ _____ an American man called Henry Ford ____ created the motor car as we know it today.是一個叫Henry Ford的人創造了我們今天樣子的汽車。50.Before 1908, when Ford』s cars _____ _____ ____ the public, ____ ____ only the very rich _____ could _____ ____ _____ a car.在1908年前,當Ford車對大眾成為可能時,只有富人才能買得起。

5. 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點

一. 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如:I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數(he she it)則動詞要用單三現
二. 現在進行時
1. 說話時正在進行的動作
例如:I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作,多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中,句子中常常有時間狀語
例如:The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如:I am always thinking of you.
三. 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如:The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如:The class is twice the size of that class.
四. With的復合結構
1. With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語,如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等,with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如:With so many thing to deal with.
五. 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1.基本表達式(I have been doing )
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2.表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動作還將繼續下去)
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。(動作還將繼續下去)
3.表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會繼續等)
4.有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如:They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5.大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如:I have been writing a book.(動作還將繼續下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動作已經完成)
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6.表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如:I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有:love愛,like喜歡, hate討厭,等。
注意:比較過去時與現在完成時
1.過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現在完成時為過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響。
2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3.現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如: I saw this film yesterday.
(強調看的動作發生過了。)
I have seen this film.
(強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(強調起床的動作已發生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時。
(錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六.過去完成時
1. 概念:表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2. 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中,發生在先,用過去完成時;發生在後,用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如:He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七.現在完成進行時
1.其構成形式如下:
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下:
2. 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3.表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4. 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在,可以包括現在在內的一個階段內,重復發生的行動,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5. 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響,而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身,如:
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意:
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後,我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過,我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6.否定句構成:
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7.一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

6. 人教版高一英語必修一全冊知識點總結O(∩_∩)O謝謝

1)add vt/vi加;添加;增添
add
up合計加起來,但在口語中有時用於否定句,表示「莫名其妙,不說明問題」。
add up to
總計共達,所有一切都說明,總而言之。
add sth(to sth)把……加到……里去。
add to
增加,擴建。
add
表示「繼續說,補充說」。
區別add和increase
add意思是「加,增加」,強調添加。或者表示將數字加起來求和。
increase「增加」,表示在數量,產量,尺寸,程度等方面的增加。
2)cheat
v 欺騙;作弊 n 騙子;作弊者;騙人的事
cheat sb of sthcheat sth out of sb
從某人處欺詐某物
cheat on/at/in 作弊,欺詐
3)list v
將事物列於表上;編事物的目錄 n 名單;目錄;一覽表
make a list of 造表,列……表
take…off the
list 從表上去掉……
stand first on the list 居首位,列前茅
as listed above
如上所列
4)share
share in 分享,分擔,共用
share
sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物
share out
分配,分發;得到股息,升股息
share(n.)in/of 一分,部分
5)trust
vi/vt 信任,信賴;依賴
trust in 相信,信任,信仰
trust to
依靠(運氣等),依賴
trust that…希望,想
6)suffer vt/vi
遭受,受到,蒙受;受痛苦,受折磨,受懲罰,受損傷
suffer from 受……傷害;患……病痛
注意:suffer 和
suffer from 都不能用於被動語態
7)calm vt/vi/adj.
使平靜;使鎮定。平靜的,鎮靜的,沉著的。
calm down
平靜下來,鎮定下來
quite指人對外界事物感觸的安靜。對人時,側重不激動,平靜溫和,不發表意見。
still指完全沒有聲音或者沒有動靜,突然靜止不動。
silent主要指人不愛說話,沉默不語。
8)concern
be
concerned about擔心,關心
as/so far as…be concerned
關於,至於,就某人而言
have no concern for 毫不關心
concern oneself
in/with/about sth 忙於,從事;關心,關切
have a concern in和……有厲害關系
be
concerned in/with 參與,與……有關
9)separate v/adj 分開,和……分手;單獨的,分開的,不同的
separate…from
使……和……分離
10)reason
lose one』s reason
失去理智,發狂
by reason of 由於
bring sb to reason
說服某人理智些
within reason 合理
without reason 不合理
listen to
reason 聽從道理
reason sb into/out of sth
以理說服某人做/不做某事
11)power
beyond /out of one』s
power 力所不及的,不能勝任的
=not within one』s power
in power
當權的,握有政權的
come into
power掌權,得勢
12)habit
form / make a habit of
doing=make it a habit to do sth 養成做某事的習慣
be in the habit of
有……的習慣
fall/get into a habit of 沾染(養成)……習慣
break(off)a
habit=get out a habit 戒除一種習慣
form good habits 養成良好的習
out of
habit 出於習慣
13)according
to為介詞短語,後跟名詞,代詞,不能很從句,表示「根據;按照;試……而定」。
according
to其後引出的信息應來自別人或者別處,不能來自說話者自己。
according
to其後不能跟opinion,view等名詞。
according as
相當於連詞,後跟從句,意為「正像,根據,按照,如果」。
14)join
in
區別join;join in;take part in;attend
join
參加某個組織或者團體(黨派,軍隊等),並且成為其中的一員。
join in
參加正在進行著的活動,如游戲,討論,辯論,談話等。
take part in
參加會議或者群眾性的活動,並且在其中法會一定的作用。
attend
參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學、聽報告等。重在強調「參與」的動作,不強調參加者的作用。
15)dare
作實意動詞有人稱和數的變化,也有時態的變化;作情態動詞,用於否定句,疑問句和條件句中,有時態的變化,但是沒有人稱和數的變化。
①在肯定據中的dare,dares,dared之後,不定式一遍加to。
②在否定句中和疑問句中的dare之後,不定時一般不加to。
③在用do或者does構成的否定句和疑問句中,理論上雖然應該有to,實際使用卻經常把to省略。
I
dare say…我敢打賭說……
16)go through
經歷;經受;通過考試;經過;審閱;檢查
go with 伴隨,與……協調 go up 上升;建起;上漲 go
over檢查,審查;復習,重溫
go out 熄滅;公布;播出 go ahead 進行,進展;(with)贊同 go
into從事,參加(某一行業);調查
17)get along with
同……相處;進展
get away 離開;逃避get back 回來;拿回get down 拿下;寫下 get in
進入;收獲
get down to 開始認真做……get on/off 上/下車 get over 克服;戰勝 get across
被理解
get through 完成;通過;接通電話 get up 起床 get it
明白,理解;猜中
18)with復合結構,也可以叫做獨立主格結構,在格式上沒有謂語動詞,在句中常作狀語,表示伴隨,原因,方式,條件等。
①with+名詞+介詞短語。在句中作狀語,作後置定語。
②with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞。其中過去分詞表示被動或者完成了的動作。
③with+名詞/代詞+現在分詞。其中現在分詞表示主動或者正在進行的動作。
④with+名詞/代詞+不定式。其中不定式表示將要發生的動作。
⑤with+名詞/代詞+形容詞。
19)no
longer=not…any longer
表示不再繼續或者再現過去某一時刻發生或存在而一直延續的動作/狀態時,常用於過去時、現在時或者將來時的句子中。
no
more=not…any more 表示再也不重復過去反復發生的動作時,常用於過去時或者將來時的句子中。
When he saw the
toy,the baby cried no longer.當看到玩具時,那嬰兒不再哭了。
Now she wasn』t afraid any
more..現在她再也不害怕了。
20)①settle down to 決心去做……,專心去做……
settle on/upon 決定……,選定……
②have trouble with
使傷腦筋,苦惱;跟某人鬧別扭
ask for trouble 自討苦吃
be in trouble 在困境中,有糾紛 get sb into trouble
陷入困境
make trouble 惹麻煩 put sb to
trouble 麻煩某人 take the trouble to do
費力做

7. 高中必修一英語語法總結

求高中必修一英語語法的總結
總之,語法是從語言實踐中總結出來的規則,總結是自己的事。別人的總結,給了你,也不能成為你的知識。語法書可以說

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