① 八年級英語語法總結、全面點的、
新目標英語八年級(上)英語期末復習
重點短語、片語和句型
Unit 1
on weekends 在周末
go to the movies 去看電影
watch TV 看電視
surf the Internet 上網沖浪
twice a week 一周兩次
once a month 一月一次
three times a day 一天三次
be good for 對……有好處
junk food 垃圾食品
how often 多久一次
look after 照看
eating habit 飲食習慣
as for 就…而言
stay / keep healthy 保持健康
1.What does she do on weekends? 她在周末常干什麼?
2.She often goes to the movies. 她經常去看電影。
3.I watch TV every day. 我每天都看電視。
4.We often surf the Internet. 我們經常上網。
5.I read English books about twice a week. 我大約一周兩次看英語書。
6.I shop once a month. 我每月購物一次。
7.She says it』s good for my health. 她說這對我的健康有利。
8. How often do you eat junk food? 你多久一次吃垃圾食品?
9.I look after my health. 我照看我的健康。
10. My eating habits are pretty good. 我的飲食習慣相當好。
Unit 2
have a sore throat 喉嚨痛
see a dentist 看牙醫
yang foods 陽性食物
be stressed out 壓力大
a balanced died 平衡飲食
healthy food 健康食品
go to bed 上床睡覺
listen to music 聽音樂
conversation practice 對話練習
a lot of 很多 、很厲害
1.I have a sore throat. 我喉嚨痛。
2.Maybe you should see a dentist. 也許你應該看看牙醫。
3.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef .你應該吃熱的陽性食品,像牛肉。
4. I』m stressed out. 我壓力太大。
5. It』s important to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食很重要。
6.You should eat fruit and other healthy food. 你一個吃水果和其它的健康食品。
7. You should lie down and rest. 你應該躺下來休息。
8. I like to listen to music. 我喜歡聽音樂。
9. I really need some conversation practice. 我真的需要一些對話練習。
10. I have a lot of headaches. 我頭痛得很厲害。
11.What』s the matter (with you )? (你)怎麼啦?I』m not feeling well. 我感覺不舒服。
12. That』s a good idea. 好主意。
13. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你盡快好起來。
Unit 3
for vacation度假
babysit sb.…照顧(嬰兒)
how long多久
go sightseeing去觀光
go fishing去釣魚
rent videos租賃錄像帶
go camping去野營
on Monday在周一
go hiking去遠足
go bike riding去騎車
take walks散步
an exciting vacation一個令人激動的假期
a no-stress vacation一個沒有壓力的假期
1.What are you doing for vacation?你假期要干什麼?
2.He's going camping with his parents.他要和父母去野營。
3.She's babysitting her sister.她要照看她妹妹。
4.I'm going on Monday.周一我要去。
5.How long are you staying?你要呆多長時間?
6.I'm going hiking in the mountains.我要到山中遠足。
7.I'm going sightseeing.我要去觀光。
8.I'm taking walks,going fishing,and going bike riding. 我要散步,釣魚,騎自行車。
9.I'm renting videos and sleeping a lot.
我要租賃錄像帶並且要大睡一覺。
10.I want an exciting vacation! A no-stress vacation! 我要過一個令人激動的假期!一個沒有壓力的假期!
Unit 4
get to school到達學校
how far多遠
from…to…從……到……
ride one's bike騎自行車
the subway station地鐵站
take the bus坐公共汽車
the most popular最流行的
think of看待,認為
North America北美
be different from與……不同
depend on依靠,依賴
1.How does Emilio get to school?愛米麗歐怎麼去學校?
2 .How far is it from your home to school ?從你家到學校有多遠?
3.How long does it take you to get from home to school? 從家到學校你花費多長時間?
4_I ride my bike to the subway station.我騎車去地鐵車站。
5.In North America,not all students take the bus to sch001.在北美,並非所有學生坐公共汽車去學校。
6.In China,bikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation.在中國,自行車和公共汽車是最流行的交通方式。
7.What do you think of the transportation in your town? 你認為你們鎮上的交通情況如何?
8.Other parts of the world are different from the United States.世界上其他地方與美國不同。
9. It depends on where you are. 它取決於你在哪裡。
Unit 5
come to 來到
have /take a piano lesson 上一節鋼琴課
would love to…願意…一
too much太多
play soccer踢足球
go to the doctor去看醫生,去看病
study for a test 准備考試
have to不得不;必須
the day after tomorrow 後天
the science report科學報告
1.Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
你星期三能來參加我的晚會嗎?
2.Sorry。I can't.I have a piano lesson.
對不起,我不能。我要上鋼琴課。
3.Sure.I'd love to.當然,我願意。
4.I'm playing soccer.我在踢足球。
5.I have too much homework(to do) this weekend .這個周末我有太多家庭作業(要做)。
6.I have to go to the doctor.我得去看醫生。
7.On Thursday,I'm studying for a test.周四,我要備考。
8.I can't join you because I have to help my mom 我不能參加,因為我要幫我媽媽幹活。
9.I'm having a piano lesson the day after tomorrow後天我要上鋼琴課。
10.Can you come over to my house to discuss the science report':你能來我家討論這份科學報告嗎?
Unit 6
be outgoing愛拋頭露面
short hair短發
more athletic更健美
as…as同……一樣…
the same as 同……一樣
lots of許多
look the same看起來一樣
be good at /do well in 擅長 …
make sb.1augh使……發笑
3 centimeters taller高了三厘米
1.I'm more outgoing than my sister.我比我妹妹更愛出風頭。
2.He has shorter hair than Sam.他的頭發比山姆的短。
3.Tom is more athletic than Sam.湯姆比山姆更健美。
4.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.劉瑩不如她姐姐擅長體育。
5.Both girls go to lots of parties.兩個女孩都參加了許多晚會。
6.In some ways we look the same,and in some ways we look different在某些方面,我們看起來一樣,在某些方面,我們看起來不同。
7.My good friend is good at schoolwork.我的好朋友愛好乾學校事務。
8.I think a good friend makes me laugh.我認為好朋友會使我發笑。
9.I'm about 3 centimeters taller now.我現在(比以前)高了3厘米。
Unit 7
turn on打開
pour…into…把……倒人
put…into...把……放入……內
2 teaspoons of relish兩茶匙調味品
cut up切碎
put…on...把……放到……上
add…to… 把……加入……中
mix up 混合在一起
make a banana smoothie做香蕉思木西
1.Turn on the blender.打開果汁攪拌機。
2.Cut up the bananas.切開香蕉。
3.Pour the milk into the blender.將牛奶倒入果汁機里。
4.Put some relish on a slice of bread.將調味品塗到一片麵包上。
5.Put the bananas and yogurt into the blender.將香蕉和酸奶倒人果汁機。
6.How do you make a banana smoothie?你如何做香蕉思木西飲料?
7.First, put 1 teaspoon of mayonnaise on the sandwich.首先,在三明治上放一茶匙蛋黃醬。
Unit 8
go to the aquarium去水族館
take photos照相
hang out with one』s friends與朋友閑逛
buy a souvenir買紀念品
a famous actor一個著名演員
go to the zoo去動物園
eat some ice cream吃些冰淇淋
go for a drive開車兜風
win a /(the first )prize贏得獎品(第一名)
have a yard sale 進行庭院舊貨出售
school trip學校組織的旅行
1.I went to the aquarium,I didn't go to the zoo我去了水族館,我沒去動物園。
2.Did you take any photos?你照相了嗎?
3.I』d like to eat some ice cream.我願意吃些冰淇淋
4.We often hang out with our friends.我們經常同朋友一起m去閑逛。
5.Would you like to go for a drive?你願意去開車兜風嗎?
6.Did Tina buy a souvenir?蒂納買紀念品了嗎?
7.Toby won a prize.托比贏了獎金。
8.Did Tina meet a famous actor?蒂納遇見一位著名演員了嗎?
9.The students had a terrible school trip.同學們度過了一次糟糕的學校旅行
Unit 9
a great Chinese ping—pong player一位了不起的中國乒乓球運動員
be born in 出生於……
for example例如……
too…to… 太……而不能……
a professional soccer star 一個專業的足球明星
a movie star一位影星
a loving grandfather一位慈愛的爺爺
free time業余時間;空餘時間
a skating champion一位溜冰冠軍
the first prize第一名
the 70-year history七十年的歷史
the International Piano Competition 國際鋼琴比賽
major in sth.主修某科目
l.Deng Yaping is a great Chinese ping—pong player.鄧亞萍是一位了不起的中國乒乓球運動員。
2.She was born in 1973.她出生於1973年。
3.For example,Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. 例如,泰德。伍德十個月大時就開始打高爾去球。
4.Pele,became a professional soccer star when he was fifteen. 比利,在他十五歲時成了一位專業的足球明星。
5.When did she become a movie star?她何時成了一名影星?
6.Arthur is a loving grandfather.亞瑟是一位慈愛的爺爺。
7.He spends all his free time with his grandchildren.他全部業余時間都跟他的孫子在一起。
8.She become a skating champion when she was ten. 當她十歲時,她成了一位溜冰冠軍。
9.He won the first prize in his group.他在小組里贏得了第一名。
lO. He was also the first Chinese pianist in the 70-year history of the Chopin International Piano Competition to win this prize. 在有七十年歷史的肖邦國際鋼琴比賽中他也是第一位獲此榮譽的中國鋼琴家。
Unit 10
grow up成長
a basketball player一位籃球運動員
a computer programmer一位電腦程序設計師
take lessons上課
somewhere interesting有趣的地方
a fashion show一次時裝展示會
a part-time job一份零工一份業余工作
save some money省錢;攢錢
make money掙錢、賺錢
at the same time同時
all over the world全世界
send…to…送……到……
get good grade取得好分數
communicate with sb.與……交際;與……交流
a teaching job一個教學的lT作
a foreign language teacher一位外語教師
l.What are you going to be when you grow up?你長大了要干什麼?
2.I'm going to be a basketball player.我要成為一名籃球運動員。
3.I』m going to be a computer programmer.我要成為一名電腦程序設計師。
4.I'm going to take acting lessons.我要去上表演課。
5.I』m going to move somewhere interesting.我要搬到有意思的地方去。
6.I want to be an art editor for a fashion show.我想成為一名時裝展示會的藝術指導。
7.I'm going to find a part-time job for a year or two and save some money. 我想找一份可干一、兩年的零工,攢下點兒錢。
8.I』m going to study economics at the same time.同時,我要學習經濟。
9.I'm going to travel all over the world.我要到全世界去旅行。
10.I'm going to write articles and send them t0 magazines and newspapers.我要寫文章,發給報紙和雜志。
11.I』m going to get good grades.我要得一個好分數(成績)。
12.They want to communicate better with their kids.他們想要更好地與孩子進行交流。
13.She is going to look for a teaching job in China next year.明年,她想要在中國找一份教書的工作。
14.An old lady said she found a job as a foreign language teacher.一位老太太說她找了一份作外語教師的工作。
Unit 11
take out拿出來
make the bed整理床鋪
sweep the floor掃地,清潔地面
fold your clothes疊衣服
clean the living room清理起居室(打掃)
like to do sth. 喜歡干……
invite…t0邀請……到……
take care of / look after照顧
forget to do sth.忘記要去干……
forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事
work on從事
on vacation度假
1.Could you please take out the trash?請把垃圾拿出去好嗎?
2.Could you please sweep the floor/make the bed/fold your clothes/cleaning the living room? 你掃地/整理床鋪/疊衣服/清掃起居室好嗎?
3.Do you like to make your bed? 你喜歡整理床鋪嗎?
4.Could you invite your friends to my party?
你能邀請你的朋友來參加我的晚會嗎?。
5.Thanks for taking care of my dog.謝謝你照看我的狗。
6.Don't forget to clean his bed.不要忘了清掃他的床。
7.I'm going to work on my English project and then meet my friends. 我要做英語功課,然後見我的朋友。
8.I'm going on vacation tomorrow.明天我要度假。
Unit 12
close to home靠近家的
movie theater影院
comfortable seats舒適的座位
do a survey of做一個調查
play a piano piece彈一支鋼琴曲
the price of……的價格
the radio station廣播電台
think about考慮
talent show才能展示
boring TV show乏味的電視節目
a 1ot許多
1.What's the best movie theater? 哪個是最好的影院?
2.What is the best radio station? 哪個是最好的廣播電台?
3.It has the most comfortable seats.它擁有最舒適的座位。
4.What do young people think about places in town? 年輕人關於鎮上的位置是什麼看法?
5.We did a survey of our readers.我們做了一個讀者涮查。
6.Last week's talent show was a great success.上周的才能展示是一個成功。
7.She played a beautiful piano piece.她演奏了一支優美的鋼琴曲。
8.What is the most boring TV show? 最乏味的電視劇是什麼7
9.The price of a hotel room is about 320 yuan a night. 一個旅館房間的價格是每晚320元。
10.There's a lot things to do.有許多事情要做。
Review of units 7一12
make mushroom soup做蘑菇湯
a speech contest一次演講比賽
live in居住在……
creative job富有創造性的工作
arrive in到達
elementary school小學
funniest movie actor最有意思的電影演員
1.How do you make mushroom soup? 你怎麼做蘑菇湯?
2.I won a speech contest.我演講比賽獲勝。
3.Are you going to live in Beijing?你要住在北京嗎?
4.No,not an actor,another kind of creative job.不,不是做演員,而是另一種富有創造性的工作。
5.We arrived in Australia 0n August 20th.
我們在八月二十日到達澳大利亞。
6.What is the best elementary school?最好的小學是哪個?
7.Who do you think is the funniest movie actor? 你認為誰是最有意思的電影演員?
② 初二英語語法知識點整理
中考重點句型
一、常使用動詞不定式的短語
1、It』s time to do sth.\ It』s time for sth
該作某事的時候了.
2、can』t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事
3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.
要求/告訴某人(不)作某事
4、allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人作某事
5、be supposed to do sth. 應該作某事
6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事
7、have sth/nothing to do 有…時要做/與…無關
8、find it +adj. to do sth. 發覺作某事…
9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
寧願作某事,而不願作某事
10、It』s +adj. for sb. to do sth.
作某事對某人來說…
11、It』s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事
12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.
某人做某事用了一些時間
二、常用動名詞的短語
1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜歡做某事
2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.
繼續做某事
3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
4、practise doing sth. 練習作某事
5、give up doing sth. 放棄作某事
6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅長作某事
7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
8、what about/ how about doing sth.
….怎麼樣(好嗎)?
9、Thank you for doing sth. 為…感謝某人
10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事
11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、
被用來作某事
12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花時間作某時
13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙於作某事
14、finish doing sth. 作完某時
15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事
16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡…勝過…
17、be/get used to doing sth. 習慣作某事
18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人作某事
三、省略動詞不定式的短語
1、一看二聽三使役
see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.
看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人作某事
make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/讓某人做某事
2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人作某事
3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
4、 Why don』t you/ not do sth.為什麼不作某事
5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.
請你(不)作某事好嗎?
四、 同義詞比較
1、 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事
eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.
2、 forget / remember to do sth.
忘記/記得要去作某事
forget / remember doing sth.
忘記記得曾經做過某事
eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.
I remember doing my homework
3、 used to do sth. 過去常常作某事
be used to do sth. 被用來作某事
be used to doing sth. 習慣於作某事
eg. My father used to smoke.
Wood is used to make paper.
I am used to getting up early.
4、So +be/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語
…也一樣
So +主語+be/助動詞/ 情態動詞
是呀,表示贊同別人的觀點
Neither + be /助動詞/ 情態動詞+主語
…也不一樣(用於否定句)
eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
It』s a fine day. So it is.
She doesn』t like eggs. Neither do I.
5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…
so +adj. /adv + that(從句) 如此…以致…
such +(a/an +adj.)+n.+ that(從句)
如此…以致…
(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.
(對某人來說)做某事(不)夠
eg. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can』t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can』t go to school.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
五、常考知識點
1、keep +adj. 保持…狀態
keep (sb.) doing sth.
繼續做某事/使某人老是做某事
eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.
It』s too late, but he still keeps working.
Lily always keeps us waiting for her.
2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成為
make + sb. + adj. 使某人…
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事
eg. We made Peter our monitor.
Books make us happy.
He often makes me laugh.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
3、I don』t think that 我認為…不
eg. I don』t think you are right.
4、It』s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時… 自從…以來有多久了
eg. It has been two years since we met last time.
6、 What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?
是什麼意思?
eg. What do you mean by 「computer」?=What does 「computer」 mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?
7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?
你認為…怎麼樣?
eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?
8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎麼樣?
eg. What is the weather like?
What will the life in the future be like?
9、 It』s said/ reported that… 據說/據報道
It's well known that 眾所周知
It's thought that 大家認為
eg. It』s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.
10、one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數
…其中之一
eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
11、neither…nor… 既不…也不(兩者都不)
either…or…要麼…要麼/或者…或者/不是…就是
not only…but also… 不但…而且
以上三個詞做主語時,要用就近原則
eg. Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
Either he or you go to the park.
Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.
neither of 兩者都不
either of 兩者選一
none of 沒有一個
以上三個做主語時,謂語動詞用單數
All of 全部 Both of 兩者都
以上二個做主語時,謂語動詞用復數
12、比較級+ than +any other +名詞單數
…比其餘任何一個…
比較級+ than + the other+名詞復數
eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
13、When(當…的時候), if (如果), as soon as(一…就), until(直到…才), unless(除非/如果…不)這幾個詞引導的時間或條件狀語從句時,主句要用一般將來時.
從句一般現在時
eg. I will call you when he comes.
If it doesn』t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I』ll come to see you.
He won』t go to bed until his parents come back.
Unless you work hard, you won』t catch up with others.
③ 八年級英語語法總結
呵呵 希望對你有所幫助 祝樓主進步哈 記得採納O(∩_∩)O哈!
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Grammar: 特殊疑問句:wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法:
結構:特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句, 即:特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語(+其他)
疑問代詞:
1) Who:誰。做主語,用來指人 Who is the boy under the tree?
2)Whom 誰,做賓語,用來指人 Whom are you writing to?
3) Whose 誰的,用來指所屬關系,如果做定語,一般後接名詞 Whose pen is this?
4) Which 哪個,哪些,用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily』s?
5)What什麼,通常指物,也可指人,一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?
疑問副詞:
When:何時,詢問時間 When will she come back?
Where何地,詢問地點, Where do you come from?
Why為什麼,詢問原因, Why are you late for school?
How 如何,詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?
How old多大,詢問年齡,How old is Jim』s little brother?
How many/much多少,詢問數量 How many birds are there in the tree?
How far多遠,詢問距離, How far is it form your home to school?
How long多長,多久,詢問時間的長度或距離 How long will you stay in Beijing?
How often多長時間按一次,詢問頻率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?
How soon多久,詢問時間 How soon will you come back?
頻率副詞:表示動作發生的頻率,never, sometimes, often, usually, always.
Unit 2 What』s the matter with you?
Grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字;得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化,後接動詞原形
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
Grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型「be+doing」其中be是助動詞,它有人稱和單復數的變化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式,但用於表示將來。用進行時表將來,常用於表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情,一般指個人計劃要做的事。用於此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞,如,go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一.肯定句中,結構為「be+doing.」
I am going shopping this afternoon.
二.否定句是在be之後加not. I』m not going to shopping this afternoon.
三.一般疑問句是將be置於句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I』m not./ We aren』t.
四.特殊疑問句「疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。」
What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?
Who are you going there with? Where is she going?
Unit 4 How do you get to school?
Grammar: How引導的特殊疑問句:是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等詞開頭的疑問句。
How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.
How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.
How far is it from your home to school? It』s four miles from my home to school.
How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.
How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.
How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.
特殊疑問句的簡略結構:how about…?+ 名詞或動詞-ing形式,用於提出建議、請求或徵求意見、詢問消息等。如:How about playing tennis?
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
Grammar:情態動詞can及邀請句式及其問答
情態動詞can的用法:
Can 是最長用的情態動詞,其後跟動詞原形,can的否定形式為cannot,can』t.
can表「能力」,意思是:能,會 I can paly basketball,but I can』t swim.
can表示能力時可和be able to 互換,be able to有更多的時態,常被用來表示can所 不能表示的將來或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.
表示「可能性」,意思是:可以,可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.
表示允許,意思是可以能夠 You can have the book when I have finished it.
表示「驚訝、不相信等(用於疑問句、否定句或感嘆句中」。意思是「會、可能。」
This can』t be true. Can it be true?
如何發出、接受和謝絕別人的邀請
表達邀請的常用句型:
Can you come to…?
Could you come to…?
Would you like to come to…?
Do you want to come to…?
接受邀請的常用句型:
Sure. Certainly. OK. I』d love to.
謝絕邀請的常用句型:
I』m sorry, I can』t. I have to…
I』m afraid I can』t. I have to…
I don』t think I can. I have to…
Unit 6 I』m more outgoing than my sister.
Grammar:形容詞的比較級
規則變化、不規則變化(課本P93)
than 是比較級中最常見的標志詞,意思是「比」。用於引出比較的對象。1.He draws better than me.2.You』re older than I am. You are older than me.
形容詞比較級前,有時可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等詞來修飾。Much 和far表示「……得多」,much better好得多,a little, a bit表示稍微,一些,一點。a little shorter, 稍微矮點;even表示「甚至,更加,還要……」even bigger還要大些,three times表示 「…三倍」,如three times bigger than 比……大三倍
Very絕不可以用來修飾比較級,very,so,too, quite 修飾原級
Unit 7 How do you make banana milk shake?
Grammar: 可數名詞與不可數名詞
一.可數名詞
英語中的物質名詞大體上可分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。可數名詞指物體的數量可數。其單數形式可在名詞前加a或an,表示一個,如a pear. 其負數形式要在詞尾加-s,或-es(特殊情況除外),如two bananas, three tomatoes. Many many apples a few students few bags
二.不可數名詞
1.不可數名詞指物體的數量不可數。不可數名詞沒有單復數之分,也不能在詞前直接加冠詞a 或an.表示不可數名詞的數量時可在不可數名詞前加相應的由量詞構成的短語。如a bag of… 2.常見的量詞短語有:
a piece of… a cup of… a teaspoon of… a bottle of…
3.不可數名詞還可以用下面的詞表示數量:much much rain a little little
4.既可以修飾不可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞有:
Lots of= a lot of許多,大量 some一些(用於肯定句)any一些(用於否定句和一般疑問句)
Unit 8 How was your school trip?
Grammar:
一般過去時:指在過去某一時間內發生的動作或存在的狀態,常和表示過去意義的時間狀語連用。如:yesterday, last year(week,month…),two years ago, in2006等。有時也可用when,after,before, as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。該時態在句中的體現是謂語動詞用過去式。謂語be動詞→was/were 否定:wasn』t /weren』t
Be動詞句型
一般疑問句:was/were +主語…
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+was/were+主語
陳述句:主語+was/were+…(肯定句) 否定句:主語+wasn』t/weren』t+…
行為動詞句型(當句中的動詞為行為動詞時,要藉助動詞did構成一般疑問句和否定句)
肯定式:主語+動詞過去式
否定式:主語+didn』t+動詞原形
一般疑問句:Did +主語+動詞原形
特殊疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形
Unit 9 When was he born?
Grammar: 一般過去時的特殊疑問句
一般過去時的特殊疑問句的變法同一般現在時一樣,不同之處在於須將be動詞或助動詞改為過去時態,即「特殊疑問詞+were或was(第三人稱單數)+主語+(表語)+其他成分」或「特殊疑問詞+助動詞did+主語+實義動詞+其他成分。」
以when引導的特殊疑問句,對某人的出生年月進行提問,句型是:
When was/were…born? … was/were born in +時間
When was David beckham born? 大衛.貝克漢姆是什麼時候出生的?He was born in 1975.
二.以how long 引導的特殊疑問句,對表示某一短時間的狀語進行提問。句型是:
How long did + 主語+動詞?
How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
三.When did he start hiccupping? 他什麼時候開始打嗝?When +did+主語+動詞?
Unit 10 I』m going to be a basketball player.
Grammar:一般將來時
表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態,也表示將來經常或反復發生的動作,常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。
1. be going to + 動詞原形 What are you going to do next Sunday?
2. will/shall + 動詞原形 I will go to my hometown next week.
3.be +v.ing The Greens are moving to another city the day after tomorrow.
4. be +動詞不定式 You are to be back by 10 o』clock.
5. be + about + 動詞不定式 The meeting is about to begin.
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?
Grammar:情態動詞
情態動詞,表示說話者對某一動作的看法和態度,包括可能、懷疑、允許、願望、必要、猜測等。Can(能、會),may( 可以),must( 必須、一定)等。
情態動詞的特點:(1)情態動詞有一定詞義,但不能單獨作謂語,必須和另一個動詞原形一起構成謂語,且沒有人稱和數的變化。1. I can speak English. 2. She must be a teacher. 3. We may go home now.
(2)變否定句時,直接在情態動詞後面加not,無需加助動詞。He can』t play the guitar well.
He can』t answer the question. You mustn』t be late.
(3)含有情態動詞的句子變一般疑問句時,須將情態動詞提前。Can you help me? Must I go there at once?
(4)can 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測,意為「能,會,可以。」can』t, 意為「不能,不會,不可以。」,還有「不可能」之意。
--Can you drive? – Sorry, I can』t. It can』t be true.
(5)can 也可表示請求與邀請
Can you please sweep the floor?
Unit12 What』s the best radio station?
Grammar:形容詞/副詞的最高級,用於三者或三者以上的人或事物之間的比較,表示在一群人或事物中,其中一個 「最……」見課本p93語法
the +最高級 She is the tallest of all her classmates.
最高級可被序數詞以及much, by far,nearly,almost, by no means, not quite,not really, nothing like等修飾。This hat is by far the biggest.
表示最高程度的形容詞,excellent, extreme, prefect等沒有最高級也不能用比較級。He is an excellent teacher.
形容詞最高級間修飾做表語或介詞並與的名詞代詞是,被修飾的詞往往省略。
He is the youngest (boy) in his class.
Who/Which +be+最高級,A,B,or C? Who is the most useful, a bicycle, a motorcycle,or a car?
the +序數詞+最高級 He is the second tallest student in our class.
One of the +最高級+復數名詞 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
④ 初中英語知識點,語法總結
play+the+樂器 彈奏某種樂器,注意需要加不定冠詞the; play+球類(棋牌類) 注意中間不加任何冠詞
speak+語言 說某種語言,注意動詞用的是speak
say+sth+in+語言 用某種語言說什麼東西(事情),注意用某種語言用介詞in,say後面加所說的內容
join+the+俱樂部種類+俱樂部 注意這里的俱樂部種類是名詞單數,除「運動」用sports的形式外,講故事俱樂部用story-telling club
對俱樂部的名字進行提問用what club 如I want to join the art club.對劃線部分進行提問是:What club do you want to join?
join+sb+in+doing+sth 加入某人一起做某事
be(am,is,are)+good+with+sb 和某人相處得好
be(am,is,are)+good+for+sth(sb) 對......有益處
be(am,is,are)+good+at+(doing)sth 擅長(做)某事 同義短語:do+well+in+(doing)+sth
call+sb+at+電話號碼 給某人打電話撥打......
What』s your address? 你的地址在哪裡? 注意:問「你的地址在哪裡?」疑問詞是what而不是where.
play the guitar well 彈吉他彈得好 注意:well是副詞,修飾動詞play。即副詞用來修飾動詞。
show+sth+to+sb = show +sb +sth 把某物給某人看 如:Show your photo to me.= Show me your photo
Help+sb+ with+sth=help+sb+do+sth 幫助某人做某事 如:help kids with swimming=help kids swim幫助孩子們游泳
write+to+sb 給某人寫信
a+little+不可數名詞 a+few+可數名詞復數 一點兒:如:a little water一點水 a few vegetables 一點蔬菜
much+不可數名詞 many+可數名詞復數 許多:如:much water許多水 many vegetables 許多蔬菜
too+much+不可數名詞 too+many+可數名詞復數 太多的:如:too much water許多水 too many vegetables 許多蔬菜
practice+(in)+doing+sth 練習做某事 注意:in可以省略
do+one』s+homework做作業 注意:one』s是表示物主代詞或者名詞所有格形式 如:my(物主代詞)或WangFang』s(名詞所有格)
by+交通工具 注意交通工具之前不加任何冠詞 且交通工具用單數形式 如:by plane
乘機動車類交通工具可用take+冠詞+交通工具 如:take a bus但要注意乘地鐵冠詞只能用the,不用a,寫成take the subway
比較特殊的乘坐交通工具的寫法1,ride a bike騎自行車2,on foot 步行=walk
leave+sw離開某地;leave+sw1+for+sw2離開某地1去某地2如:leave home for school從家離開去學校for後面表示要去的地方
sb+spend+時間+doing+sth=it+takes+sb+時間+to+do+sth某人花費時間做某事
sb+spend+金錢+on+sth=sth+cost+sb+金錢 某人花多少錢買......東西,如:I spend 5 yuan on the pen=The pen cost me 5 yuan
see+sb+do+sth 看見某人做某事;see+sb+doing+sth 看見某人正在做某事
remember+to+do+sth記得做某事(還沒做);remember+doing+sth記得做過某事(已經做)
forget+to+do+sth忘記做某事(還沒做);forget+doing+sth忘記做過某事(已經做)
I』m+形容詞+to+do+sth我很...做某事:如I』m sorry to hear that(很遺憾聽到這事)I』m happy to play with you(很開心和你一起玩)
Thanks+for+doing+sth感謝做某事 thanks也可寫成thank you
like+to+do+sth喜歡做某事(強調這件事剛開始喜歡);like+doing+sth喜歡做某事(強調已經喜歡很久甚至已經變成一種習慣)
stop+to+do+sth停止做某事(強調停下來開始做另一件事);stop+doing+sth(強調停止做一直在做的事情)
tell+sb+(not)+to+do+sth告訴某人(不要)做某事
對路程、距離提問用how far,如:10 kilometres
對「for+一段時間」 或「一段時間」提問用how long,如:for 2 days
對頻率提問用how often,如:twice a week. three times a day
對「in+時間段」提問用how soon,如:in two days
對可數名詞多少提問用how many,如:5 apples
對不可數名詞多少或價錢提問用how much,如:some water或5 yuan
It+is+形容詞+(for+sb) +to+do+sth.(對某人來說)干某事…It is interesting for me to play computer games.對我來說玩電腦游戲很趣
42.between+sth+and+sth在...和...之間 如:There is a very big river between their school and the village.在他們學校和鄉村之間有條大河
43.break the rules(違反規章制度);follow(keep)the rules(遵守規章制度);make the rules(制定規則)
44.on time(按時);in time(及時)
45.arrive+at+小地點;arrive+at+大地點;reach+地點;get+to+地點 注意如果後面地點是副詞home要省略之前的一切介詞46.be(am,is,are)+strict+with+sb 對某人要求嚴格
47.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+sth 對某事要求嚴格
48.be(am,is,are)+strict+in+doing+sth 對做某事要求嚴格
49.fight for(為...而戰);fight against(與...單方斗);fight with(雙方互斗)
50.bring+sth+to+sb=bring+sb+sth把某物給某人帶來
51.take+sth+to+sb=take+sb+sth把某物給某人帶去
52.have+to+do+sth不得不做某事 否定形式:don』t(doesn』t)+to+do+sth不用不得不做某事
一般現在時:主語是第三人稱單數時用has to,其它時候用have to(過去時:無論人稱和單復數都用had to.)
一般現在時否定形式:主語(單三)+doesn』t+have to+動詞原形+其他;主語(非單三)+don』t+have to+動詞原形+其他
疑問句:Do 、Does或Did+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他
53.ask+sb+(not)+to+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
54.make+sb+(not)+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
55.want+(sb)+to+do+sth=would+like+(sb)+to+do+sth想要(讓某人)做某事
56.let+sb+(not)+do+sth讓某人(不要)做某事
57.be+made+of+sth能看得出製作材料The kite is made of paper;be+made+from+sth看不出製作材料The paper is made from wood
58.a kind of+名詞,a kind of animal一種動物;kinds of+名詞,kinds of animals多種動物;kind of+形容詞,kind of hungry有點兒餓
59.形容詞放在連系動詞(be/look/feel/sound/smell等)之後做表語,構成系表結構。如:They』re cute.;He looks very happy
60.how is it going(最近怎麼樣)not bad(還不錯)pretty good(非常好)
61.問天氣怎麼樣的兩種表達1,what』s the weather like2,how is the weather
62.one...the other...一個怎麼樣,另一個怎麼樣,謂語動詞都是單數
63.some...others...一些怎麼樣,另一些怎麼樣,可數名詞是謂語動詞復數,不可數名詞時謂語動詞單數
64.have+a+good+time=enjoy+oneself注意前面的time是時光的意思,是可數名詞,需要定冠詞a。
65.in+this+heat在這種熱度之下
66.hope+to+do+sth希望做某事,注意沒有hope+sb+to+do+sth這個句型。還有一個句型是hope+句子。只有這兩個句型
67.in front of在...前面,There is a car in front of the house;in the front of在...(內部)前面,There is a table in the front of the classroom.
68.next to挨著、鄰近,與near可替換。從空間講near只表示「在…附近」;而next to有「緊挨著」之意;next to比near靠的更近。
69. across from意為「在…對面」如The bank is across from our school; across作介詞,意為「橫過」。如Can you swim across the river?
70. there be (is,are) +名詞+地點狀語,否定There isn』t / aren』t,疑問句Is/ Are +主語,肯答Yes, there is/are.否答No, there isn』t/aren』t.
71.far from和far away from,當說離...有多遠的時候,一定要加from;當前面有具體的數字距離時,一定要加away;far是虛指。
72.on+one』s+left(right)在某人的左邊;在某人的右邊。
73.turn+left(right)向左轉;向右轉
74.物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞
人稱 意義 數量 人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性
第一人稱 我 單數 I me my mine
我們 復數 we us our ours
第二人稱 你 單數 you you your yours
你們 復數 you you your yours
第三人稱 他 單數 he him his his
她 she her her hers
它 It It its its
他/她/它們 復數 they them their theirs
look like表示「看起來像…」如What does he look like他看上去什麼樣;be like是指 「品德,相貌」等What is he like他是個怎樣的人
wake+sb+up把某人叫醒,如He wakes me up at 6:00 every day
every day「每天」,作狀語,如I go to school every day.我每天上學;everyday「每天的, 日常的」形容詞,做定語使用。
shout+at+sb多指因為生氣等而非善意地對某人吼叫;shout+to+sb多指因距離遠而不得不大聲叫喊(否則對方無法聽見)
感嘆句what:1.What+a(an)+(形容詞)+單數可數名詞+主語+謂語 2.What+(形容詞)+可數名詞復數或不可數名詞+主語+謂語
How:1.How+形容詞(副詞)+主語+謂語
英語時間表達:(1)整點時間可表示為「鍾點數+o』clock」或直接讀鍾點數省去o』clock如It』s ten o』clock a. m. 現在是上午十點整。
(2)非整點時間可直接採取讀數法 如:It』s eight-thirty. 是八點三十分。
(3)非整點時間的分鍾數不超過30分鍾,也可用介詞「past」。 如6:10→ten past six,注意past後說整點時間
(4)非整點時間的分鍾數超過30分鍾,用介詞to,如11:50→ten to twelve,注意to後接「整點時間+1」
對時間提問用: 1.What is the time? 幾點了?2.What time is it by your watch? 你的手錶幾點了?注意問你的手錶幾點了用介詞by
what time「幾點」問的是具體的時間,一般回答要具體到小時;用when提問,回答既可以是具體時間,也可以是不具體時間
一般現在時(1)肯定陳述句:當主語是第一、二和第三人稱復數時,謂語動詞用原形;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。
(2)否定句:當主語是第一、二及第三人稱復數時,否定句藉助助動詞do+not;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,否定句借用does+not,並將動詞第三人稱單數還原。
(3)疑問句:當主語是第一、第二及第三人稱復數時,疑問句在句首加Do;
當主語是第三人稱單數時,疑問句在句首加Does,並把謂語第三人稱單數還原。
(4)特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+當主語是第一、第二及第三人稱復數時,疑問句在句首加Do;
特殊疑問詞+當主語是第三人稱單數時,疑問句在句首加Does,並把謂語第三人稱單數還原。
must=have to不得不、必須。以must開頭的一般疑問句,它的否定回答用needn』t(不必要),不用mustn』t(不允許、禁止)
can=be(am,is,are)+able+to+do能夠做某事
祈使句因對象(即主語)是第二人稱,所以通常都省略。祈使句的動詞都為一般現在時,句末則使用句號或感嘆號來表示結束。
(1)祈使句的肯定句:行為動詞原形+其他
(2) 以Let開頭的祈使句,Let後賓語是是第一人稱時,否定形式是在賓語後加not,如Let』s not do that again.我們別再那樣做了。
(3)如果Let 後面賓語是第三人稱,否定形式是在Let前加助動詞Don』t,如Don』t let them come in.別讓他們進來。
(4)祈使句的否定通常使用「Don't …」,Don't+動詞原形(行為動詞/be動詞)+其他
反義疑問句:(1)有系動詞be 的把系動詞be變成否定並提前+主語代詞。
(2)there be句型把be變否定提前+there
(3)一般疑問句主語第三人稱單數用doesn』t+單三代詞;主語非單三用don』t+非單三代詞
(4)let』s開頭的祈使句反義疑問句是shall we;let us開頭的反義疑問句是will you,其他祈使句均為will you
現在進行時,由 「be+動詞ing形式」 構成
主語 I he she it 名(單) you we they 名(復)
be am is are
(1)現在進行時的否定形式直接在be後面加not即可。
(2)現在進行時的一般疑問形式將be提前,後面+主語+其他
(3)現在進行時的特殊疑問形式用特殊疑問詞+be提前,後面+主語+其他
put on、wear與in。put on主要強調穿的動作,表示時間短;wear強調穿的狀態,表示時間長;in通常加衣服的顏色,表狀態
一般過去時,表示過去發生的動作或出現的狀態,以動詞的過去式表達。
be動詞過去式的句式。
①否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)。 ②一般疑問句是把was / were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。(2)實義動詞過去式的句式。①肯定式:主語+動詞過去式+其它。如:They had a good time yesterday. ②否定式:主語+did not(didn't)+動詞原形+其它。如:They didn't watch TV last night. ③一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它。肯定回答:Yes,主語+did.;否定回答:No,主語+didn't. ④特殊疑問句=特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句:即特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它
如:What time did you finish your homework?
at the beginning of在...的開始;at the end of在...的最後;in the end在最後。
sometimes有時;some time一段時間;some times一些次;sometime某個時刻
interesting,relaxing,interested,relaxed等形容詞以ing結尾都是物做主語,以ed結尾都是人做主語。
come from=be from來自...,對於疑問句,前者提前助動詞,之後用陳述語序;後者提前系動詞be,之後用陳述語序。
the way to...去...的路;the answer to... ...的答案;the key to... ...的鑰匙。注意這三個短語中表「的」詞都用介詞to
talk+to+sb和...談話(單方面);talk+with+sb和...談話(雙方互相);talk+about+sb(sth)談論某人(某物)