『壹』 英語必修四第二單元課文概括
采訪
保薩尼阿斯是2000年前的一位希臘作家，他作了一次魔幻的旅行，來打聽當代奧林匹克運動會的情況。他現在正在采訪一位叫莉莉的中國姑娘。
保：我叫保薩尼阿斯。我生活在你們所說的「古希臘」。我曾經寫過2000年前奧林匹克運動會的情況。我來到你們這個時代，想了解有關當代奧運會的情況，因為我知道2004年奧運會是在我的家鄉雅典舉行的。能不能問你幾個問題呢？
莉：當然可以。你想了解什麼呢？
保：你們的奧運會多久舉行一次？
莉：每四年，來自全世界的運動員都可以參賽。運動會有兩種：夏季奧運會和冬季奧運會。這兩種運動會都是四年舉行一次。冬季奧運會通常是在夏季奧運會的前兩年舉行。
保：冬季奧運會？冬天怎麼可能賽跑呢？又怎麼可能賽馬呢？
莉：噢，不！冬奧會並不包括賽跑和賽馬，但是卻有像溜冰和滑雪這類需要冰雪的比賽項目，所以才叫它冬季奧運會。
保：全世界的運動員都來參賽？你是指希臘的世界？我們希臘各個城市之間曾經為了贏得榮譽而彼此競爭過。別的國家不能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加。
莉：所有國家都能參賽，只要它們的運動員達到了參賽的標准。總共有250多個運動項目，每個項目都有它自己的標准。婦女不僅允許參加，而且她們還起著非常重要的作用，特別是在……
保：請停一停！所有這么多項目，所有這么多的國家，甚至婦女也都參加！所有這些參賽的人又住在哪裡呢？
莉：有一個特殊的村莊供參賽的人住，有供比賽用的體育場，有很大的游泳池，有室內體育館，還有觀眾席呢。
保：那一定要花很多錢吧。會有人想承辦奧運會嗎？
莉：其實人人都想承辦，這是極大的榮譽。國與國之間爭取奧運會承辦權的競爭就跟爭奪奧運獎牌一樣的激烈。2008年的奧運會將在中國舉行，你知道嗎？
保：是的，聽說過，你一定很驕傲吧。你剛才說獎牌是嗎？就連橄欖枝花環也被獎牌替代了！天哪，你們也為錢而競賽嗎？
莉：不，不是為錢。還是為了能夠跑得更快，跳得更高，擲得更遠。
保：謝謝，佔用了你的時間。這真是條好新聞。再見。
『貳』 高中英語必修4的語法有哪些還有有哪些必背的片語
高中英語必修知識點講解
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知識點講解
重點詞彙
1. achieve
【課文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)
【名師點撥】achieve v. 意為「完成；達到」，指經過長期努力而達到某目標、地位或標准等。其名詞形式為achievement，意為「成就；功績」，a sense of achievement可指「成就感」。如：
He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
2. condition
【課文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and ecation. (P1)
【名師點撥】condition 意為「環境；境況；條件」時，是可數名詞，常用復數形式conditions；意為「狀態；狀況」時，是不可數名詞，be in good condition表示「處於良好的狀態」，be out of condition表示「健康狀況不佳」。如：
We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.
My car is old but in good condition.
He is overweight and out of condition.
【知識拓展】condition意為「條件」時，常用短語on condition that，表示「如果；在……條件下」；在美國英語中，也經常用under the condition that。如：
I will come on condition that Peter is invited.
They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
【課文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)
【名師點撥】devote vt. 意為「投入於；獻身」，其賓語後常與介詞to搭配，to後接名詞、代詞或動名詞。devote … to … 意為「獻身；致力於」，指把自己、時間、精力等奉獻給某種工作或事業。如：
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance.
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
4. behave
【課文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)
【名師點撥】behave vi & vt. 意為「舉動；舉止；行為表現」，如behave well / badly等。其名詞形式為behaviour，指「行為；態度；舉止」。如：
The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.
My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.
Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.
5. worthwhile
【課文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
【名師點撥】worthwhile adj.意為「值得做的；值得出力的」，可作表語或定語。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示「值得做……」，在動詞-ing形式的結構中，worthwhile有時可以用來替代worth，特別是在表示「值得花時間」這一概念時。如：
I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.
6. observe
【課文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)
【名師點撥】observe vt. 意為「觀察；觀測；遵守」，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that從句。其名詞形式為observation。如：
I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.
He observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals』 behaviour.
7. argue
【課文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)
【名師點撥】argue作動詞時，意為「爭論；爭吵；爭辯」。argue for意為「為……辯護」；argue with sb about / over sth指「就某事和某人爭論」；argue against意為「據理反對；爭辯……」。如：
It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.
We are always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children』s annual party.
【知識拓展】argue的名詞形式為argument，意為「爭論；爭端；論證」，常構成短語settle an argument指「解決爭端」。
9. care for
【課文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名師點撥】care for可以表示look after的意思，意為「照顧；照料」，且較正式；也可表示「喜歡」的意思。如：
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don』t really care for basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，explain意為「解釋，說明」，後可接名詞、代詞、從句或wh + to do作賓語，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：
Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?
【知識拓展】care about意為「介意；在乎」，表示是否認為某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的興趣或使其憂慮。最常用於疑問句或否定句中。about用在賓語前面，但是在連詞前面一般省掉。
I don』t care about your opinion.
I don』t care whether it rains — I』m happy.
10. intend
【課文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)
【名師點撥】intend v. 意為「打算；計劃；想要」。intend to do sth意為「想干某事」；intend後也可以接動詞-ing形式或that從句。intend for表示「原打算給某人；准備讓……干……」。如：
I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon.
He hadn』t really intended that they should be there.
This gift is intended for you.
熱點語法
主謂一致用法難點小結：
一、集合名詞作主語時的主謂一致。
1. 集合名詞有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，當被看作一個整體時，表示單數意義，謂語動詞用單數形式；如果這些集合名詞指其中的每個成員，表示復數意義，謂語動詞則用復數形式。即謂語動詞的單復數要與主語的含義相一致。如：
My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.
My class are working hard for the coming exam.
2. 有些集合名詞作主語時，謂語只能用復數形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：
The police are searching for the lost child.
二、不定代詞作主語時的主謂一致。
不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。如：
Everything goes well with me.
Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.
三、「名詞＋名詞」作主語時的主謂一致。
當表示同一人物或觀點時，謂語動詞用單數。如：A novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 這里表示「一位小說家兼劇作家」，是同一個人，所以謂語動詞用單數。
如果是A novelist and a playwright作主語，這時表示「一位小說家和一位劇作家」，是兩個人，所以謂語動詞用復數，該句應改為：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.
四、The ＋ adj.作主語時的主謂一致。
當The ＋ adj.表示抽象的含義時，謂語動詞用單數。如：The beautiful is the true.
當The ＋ adj.表示該類全體的含義時，謂語動詞用復數。如：The rich should help the poor.
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 知識點講解
Unit2 Working the land
Phrases and Idioms
1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want
1) Jane isn't quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.
2) If you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.
3) I am not really satisfied with the job you did.
2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something
b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information
1) We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
2) Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.
3) He gave the speech without referring to his notes even once.
3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers
1) It seems you would rather play than work.
2)She would rather die than lose the children.
3) I would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.
4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth.
1) I was late thanks to the heavy traffic.
2) It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
3) We've collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.
5. rid of sb/sth: become free of
1) Will science- finally rid us of this disease?
2) Do you think it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons?
3) By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.
6. lead a ...life: live in the way what you life is like
1) Before liberation, my grandpa led a dog's life.
2) If the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.
3) Mrs. Black is retired and leads a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.
7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with
1) Just listening to somebody shows you care about them.
2) Your parents are only doing this because they care about you.
3) The only thing this rich- and greedy man seems to care about is money.
8. insist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing
1) The school insists on good behaviour from its students.
2) John insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.
3) The old man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though I told him I didn't need any help.
必修4 Unit3 A taste of humor 知識點講解
Unit3重點匯集
1. content
【課文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)
【名師點撥】content adj.意為「滿足的；滿意的」，be content to do意為「樂意去做某事」；be content with sb / sth意為「對某人或某事感到滿意」，相當於be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：
I』m content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.
Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.
註：worse off是badly off的比較級，意思是「境況比……更差」；better off意為「境況比……好」。如：
To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.
With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.
【知識拓展】content還可作動詞，意為「使滿足」；作名詞時，表示「滿足；心滿意足」，也可表示「（書、報紙等的）內容；目錄；含量」。如：
My explanation seemed to content him.
Now she began to live in peace and content.
We've discussed the unusual form of the book — now, what about the content?
『叄』 請問高中英語必修4 第二和第三單元學的是什麼語法內容
高中英語必修4 第二和第三單元語法：動詞-ing形式
v-ing的時態：(1)一般時(v-ing)；(2)完成時(having done)
v-ing的語態內：(1)主動(v-ing)；(2)被動【①容being done；②having been done】
『肆』 英語必修二第四單元的知識點
1．suggest
【原句回放】but I』d like to help as the WWF suggests. (Page26)
【點撥】suggest vt. 建議，提出，使想起，暗示
1) 接名詞、代詞或動名詞
That girl's sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.
He suggested going out for a walk.
2) 接從句，構成：
It is suggested that... 有人提議……
I suggest that... 我覺得/認為
The doctor suggested that I (should) come again next day.
【拓展】
1) 當suggest表「建議」時，從句中要用虛擬語氣；當suggest表「暗示」，從句中用陳述語氣。
如：He suggested that the meeting（should）be put off. 他建議這個會議應該推遲。
His expression suggests that he didn』t sleep well last night.
他的表情說明他昨晚沒睡好。
2) suggest的名詞為suggestion，其後接表語從句或同位語從句時，從句中也用虛擬語氣。
如：My suggestion is that we（should) add some sand to the soil. （表語從句）
His suggestion that you（should）eat more vegetables to lose weight is reasonable.
(同位語從句)
【隨時練】
He came to my class every week, but his attitude ______ he was not really interested in the subject.
A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested
【答案與解析】D。題乾的意思是「他每周來我班裡，但他的態度表明他不是真的對這門課程感興趣。」比較四個詞的意思：expressed「表達、表述」；described「描寫」；explained「解釋」；suggested「暗示、表明」。
2．die out
【原句回放】 As a result these endangered animals may even die out. (Warming up)
【點撥】die out
1）滅絕，絕種
Elephants would die out soon if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wish.
如果人類可以如願地射殺掉大量大象，那麼大象將會很快滅絕。
2）逐漸消失
Many old customs are dying out. 很多老的習俗將要逐漸消失。
3）熄滅
The fire died out in the end. 火最後熄滅了。
【拓展】die away （聲，光，風等）漸弱
die off （家庭成員，種族等）相繼死亡，草木枯死。
die down （火，興奮等）漸弱，漸息
die of 因……而死(死於疾病、情感等)
die from 因……而死
be dying to do 很想做，渴望做
【隨時練】
1. Now some creatures are in danger of ______.
A. dying out B. dying off C. dying of D. dying from
2. The practice of children working in factories has nearly ______.
A. died off B. died out C. died D. died down
【答案與解析】1.A 2.B
1. 句意為: 現在一些動物有滅絕的危險。 die off 是指多個主體的相繼死去。C,D兩項後要接賓語。
2. 根據拓展，題意應解釋為「幾乎消失」。die down是聲音等逐漸消失，不合題意。。
3．affect
【原句回放】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. (P26)
【點撥】 vt. 影響, 感動, 侵襲
如：Smoking affects health. 吸煙影響健康。
We were deeply affected by the news. 我們深深被這消息所感動。
【拓展】affect和effect用法辨析：
1）effect是名詞，意為「結果」、「效力」、「影響」，常用在 have effect on等片語中。如：
The medicine has little effect on the old man. 這葯對那老人幾乎沒有效果。
Punishment almost had no effect on the naughty boy. 懲罰對這個頑皮的孩子幾乎沒有用。
come into effect 開始生效，開始實施
have an effect on 對……有影響； 對……起作用，產生效果
in effect 正在實行
2）affect 指「產生的影響之大足以引起反應」,著重「影響」的動作, 有時含有「對......產生不利
影響」的意思。
如：The rise in prices will affect all classes. 價格的漲幅將會影響到各階層的人。
The climate affected his health. 氣候影響了他的健康。
【隨時練】
The incident ______ the relations between the two countries.
A. affected B. effect C. effort D. had an effect
【答案與解析】A。該題基本為詞義辨析，結合句子意思最關鍵。「這個事件影響了兩個國家的關系」，句子需要謂語。
4．with的復合結構
【原句回放】There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.(P26)
【點撥】原句可換為There Daisy saw an antelope with a sad face looking at her.
「with+復合賓語」即「with+賓語+賓語補足語」的結構。
眾所周知，能夠充當with的賓語的通常是名詞和代詞，問題的關鍵是賓語補足語的形式，結構如下：
1) with +賓語 +形容詞
You mustn』t sleep with the door open.
2）with +賓語+ 副詞
He has a bad habit of sleeping with the light on.
3）with +賓語+ 介詞短語
A woman came in with a baby in her arms.
4）with +賓語+不定式
With so much work to do, he could not go home.
5）with +賓語+現在分詞
Coming into the school, we may find rows of classroom with trees standing in front of
them.
6）with +賓語+ 過去分詞
With the task completed, we may have a good rest now.
【拓展】「with+復合賓語」在句中的作用
1)「with+復合賓語」結構在句中主要作狀語。
如：With the old man leading, the soldiers started toward the mountains.
在老人的帶領下，士兵們開始向山裡進發。
Two soldiers stand at the gate with a gun in their hands.
兩個士兵手裡拿著槍站在大門口。
2)「with+復合賓語」結構可在句中作定語。如 ：
The room with the window half open is my bedroom. 那個半開窗戶的屋子是我的卧室。
There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.
在白色的房子前面有很多排樹。
【隨時練】
______ proction up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
【答案與解析】答案C。選項和後面的名詞及副詞up構成with復合結構。整句意思為「產量增長了60%，公司又經歷了一個極好的年頭。」其他詞不能構成此結構。
5．peace
【原句回放】About 30—40 remain after being left in peace with no hunting.（Warming up）
【點撥】peace
1）安靜，平靜
Don』t disturb her. Just leave her in peace for a while.
不要打擾她，讓她安靜一會兒。
There was a short peace, but then another war broke out.
短暫的和平後又有一場戰爭爆發。
2）治安
The UN troops were busy keeping the peace in that area.
聯合國部隊正忙於維持那個地區的治安。
3）和解，和睦
We tried to make peace with them.
我們試圖和他們和解
【拓展】in peace 和平地，安心地
at peace 平靜地
at peace with 與……處於和平狀態（反義詞at war with）
peaceful adj. 安靜的
【隨時練】
It is our hope that the two countries will live ____ forever.
A. in a peace B. in peace C. peaceful D. in peacefully
【答案與解析】B。從句的意思是「兩個國家永遠和平相處」。A項的結構是不正確的；因為空白處要填狀語，故C項不正確；D項，把in 去掉就可以了。
6．contain
【原句回放】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)
【點撥】contain
1）包含；裝有
This book contains all the information you need. 這本書包含所有你需要的信息。
2）容納
The hall can contain 500 people. 大廳能容納500人。
3）抑制
She couldn』t contain herself for the joy. 她高興得難以自製。
contain 和 include
contain 指作為組成部分而被「包含」或「容納」。
include 指作為整體中的一部分而被包括進去，使用「句子，including +被包括部分」。
【隨時練】
1. In the accident, five passengers were killed, ______ a foreigner.
A. including B. included
C. include D. which were included
2. The bag ________ a lot of books ___________ some English books and history books.
【答案與解析】1. A 2. contains；including
1. 本題考察的是include的一種特殊用法。從句子結構來說，已經有了主語和謂語，空格中就不應是謂
語，而是非謂語動詞。此處including 可以看作介詞用法。
2.書包中「裝有」許多書籍，有容納之意，故首空填contain。
7．protect...from
【原句回放】I』m protecting myself from mosquitoes. (Page 26)
【點撥】protect...from 保護……免受……危害
protect sb./ sth. from + n
protect sb./ oneself from +doing
protect A against B 保護A免遭B的危害
如：He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴著太陽鏡以遮擋強烈的陽光
I』ll protect you /myself from being insulted. 我將保護你（我自己）免受侮辱。
【拓展】 keep sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 均為阻止某人干某事
prevent sb. (from) doing sth.
如：The school stopped the students from playing computer games. 學校阻止學生玩電腦游戲。
常用的片語：under the protection 在……的保護之下
a protection against/ from 防……的保護物
give /provide protection 提供保護
【隨時練】
Flowers in our garden are well protected ______ the weather.
A. on B. to C. against D. with
【答案與解析】C。本題考查的是protect 與介詞from 或against 連用的用法。表示「免遭」。
8．reserve
【原句回放】Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province (Warming up)
【點撥】 reserve
1) 保護區 n.
nature reserve自然保護區
We have large reserve of oil. 我們有很大的油區。
2) 儲藏，貯備 n.
I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow』s match.
我必須為了明天的比賽保留充足的體力。
3) 預約，預定 v.
I』d like to reserve a table for two. 我要預定一個兩人桌。
4) 保留 v.
如：You』d better reserve some money for future need. 你最好為了將來貯備一些錢。
【拓展】reserved adj. 預定的
reservation n. 保留條件，預約，預定
in reserve 預備的，儲備的
unreserved adj. 未預定的
【隨時練】
1. We 』d like to _______a table for five for dinner this evening.
A. preserve B. reserve C. retain D. sustain
2. These rooms are _______for special guests.
A. occupied B. reserved C. reversed D. restored
【答案與解析】1.B 2.B
1. 本題意為：我們今天晚上5人用餐，想預訂一個桌位。 reserve預定，預約；preserve 保護，維
修；retain保持，保留； sustain 支撐，供養。
2．這也是考察詞義的，原句意為：這些房間是為特殊的客人們預留的。其它選項B項形式相近，但含義
相去甚遠。
9．endanger
【原句回放】as a result these endangered animals may even die out. (Warming up)
【點撥】endanger 使……遭受危害
如：Smoking endangers his health. 吸煙使他的身體遭受危害。
in danger 處於危險之中
如：The patient is in danger. 病人處在危險中。
【拓展】danger表達抽象意義「危險」時是不可數的名詞，表達具體的「危險人物」時是可數的。
in danger 是指人或物本身處於危險中，受到外來的威脅。
be in danger of 有……危險
be out of danger 脫離危險
dangerous危險的，是指人，物，事態可能引起的危險的，對別人構成威脅的。
endangered adj. 瀕危的
【隨時練】
(1) The tiger is ______danger of dying out.
A. atB. in the C. in D. inside
(2) --- I hear Jack once was _______of losing his life.
--- Yes, But now he is _______.
A. in danger; out of danger B. in the danger; out of the danger
C. in the danger; out of danger D. in danger; out of the danger
【答案與解析】1. C 2. A
1. 句意：老虎處於滅絕的危險。danger用於這些含義時，前邊不加冠詞。
2. danger 表達抽象概念的時候，其前不加冠詞。
10．recently
【原句回放】...animals, insects and birds died out more recently. (Page30)
【點撥】recently adv. 最近，新近，與過去時態和現在完成時態連用。
如：Did she have a party recently? 她最近舉辦過聚會嗎?
They've recently bought a new car. 他們不久前買了一輛新汽車。
【拓展】
1）和一般過去時共同使用的時間狀語：this morning，tonight，this April，once，before，
already，recently，lately等
如：I didn't go to school this morning. 我上午沒有去上學。
2）現在完成時的時間狀語：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till / until，up to
now，in past years，always， up to/till now 直到現在，ever since(then) 從那時起，in the
past few(three) years 在過去幾年裡
如：He has traveled to nearly twenty European cities so far.
到目前為止他已經走過了差不多20個歐洲國家。
3) 用於現在完成時的句型
(1) It is the first / second time…that…結構中的從句部分，用現在完成時。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
(2) This is the+形容詞最高級+that…結構，that從句要用現在完成時。
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
【隨時練】
I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn't written toB. doesn't write to
C. won't write to D. hadn't written to
【答案與解析】答案A。recently「近來的」意思，一般用於現在完成時，「不知道為什麼Jenny近來沒有給我們寫信」，給現在造成的影響是「我們沒有收到他的信」，所以選A。
『伍』 高中英語 必修四 第二單元 根據漢語意思寫出短語（和最上面的第十四小題）
英語書必修四的話，建議你可以下載快對作業看看有沒有高中的英語答案，只要掃書後面的條形碼就能搜索到答案了。
還有就是第14小題to live a new life.
『陸』 高中英語必修4語法詳解
非謂語動詞
一、動詞不定式 動詞不定式的基本形式是「to+動詞原形」，有時可以不帶to。動詞不定式沒有人稱和數的變化，在句子中不能作謂語，但可以擔任主語、表語、賓語、狀語和賓語補足語。動詞不定式仍保留動詞的一些特點。 （一）動詞不定式的特徵及用法 1.動詞不定式的構成及特徵 「to +動詞原形」構成動詞不定式，是一種非謂語形式，在句子中不能作謂語，沒有人稱和數的變化，它具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特徵。 2.動詞不定式的用法 動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特徵，在句子中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語和狀語。 作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，往往用it作形式主語，這種句型可歸納為下面的句型： It is + adj.+ 動詞不定式 如果要說明不定式的動作執行者，可以用for It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 作表語 My wish is to become a teacher. 作賓語 Most of us like to watch football matches. 作賓語補足語 He told me to be here on time. 作定語 I have nothing to say about that thing. 作狀語 He stopped to have a look. 3.動詞不定式的否定形式 動詞不定式的否定形式not + to + 動詞原形 4.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用 疑問代詞who, what, which和疑問副詞when, where, how, why等後面可以接動詞不定式，構成動詞不定式短語，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等成分。（二）動詞不定式的時態和被動形式 動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，由不定式符號(to)加動詞原形構成。不定式的形式有五種： 一般式to do. 完成被動式to have been done 二、分詞 分詞是動詞非謂語形式的一種，包括現在分詞和過去分詞。現在分詞表示：主動，動作正在進行。過去分詞表示：被動，動作已經完成。 （一）分詞的作用 分詞在句中可以作定語、表語、狀語和賓語補足語。分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，否則分詞前面必須有自己的主語。 （二）分詞的時態 現在分詞分一般式和完成式，而過去分詞則沒有時態形式的變化。 現在分詞的一般式表示動作與謂語動詞同時發生，或在謂語動詞之前發生。現在分詞的完成時，表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。常用作狀語。（三）現在分詞的被動式 被動一般式 being done 被動完成式 having been done This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city. Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine. （四）分詞的否定形式 分詞的否定式，由not+分詞構成，（五）分詞獨立主格結構 當分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時，帶邏輯主語的分詞短語成為獨立主格結構，在句法功能上起狀語作用。三、動名詞 動名詞是動詞非謂語形式的一種,由動詞加ing構成。動名詞既有動詞特徵，也有名詞特徵。 動名詞在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語和定語. 動名詞的否定形式由not +動名詞構成。 動名詞的復合結構由名詞所有格或物主代詞加上動名詞構成。 動名詞的一般式，表示的動作可以與謂語動詞同時發生或在前，或在後。 動名詞的完成式表示在謂語動詞之前完成的動作。
『柒』 高中英語必修四第二三單元語法動詞ing作主語賓語表語定語賓語補足語講解
首先來你要懂2個簡單句型：
主語源+謂語+賓語+補語--------補語是補充說明賓語的身份、情況等，補語和賓語之間有邏輯關系
主語+連系動詞+表語
其次，你說的分詞和不定式
doing---表主動、習慣性
done---表完成，表被動
to do---表將來一個具體的動作，表目的。
認真搞懂上面1、2，就不怎麼難了！
『捌』 高中英語人教版必修四重點短語及語法，急急急！！
短語在網址里有個文檔，你可以下載下來：http://wenku..com/view/d5b4b3fcf705cc175527096d.html。
語法方面現在這個網頁版可以幫助到你：http://..com/question/165222377.html。
不懂就多問權吧，祝你一切順利！
『玖』 高中英語必修4語法
http://wenku..com/view/825b90d233d4b14e852468d6.html
在網路抄文庫里找到好多那
『拾』 高一英語必修四語法
主謂一致是指：
1） 語法形式上要一致，即單復數形式與謂語要一致。
2） 意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單復數要與謂語的單復數形式一致。
3） 就近原則，即謂語動詞的單復形式取決於最靠近它的詞語，
一般來說，不可數名詞用動詞單數，可數名詞復數用動詞復數。
There is much water in the thermos.
但當不可數名詞前有表示數量的復數名詞時，謂語動詞用復數形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were proced last year.
並列結構作主語時謂語用復數
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 當主語由and連結時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數，and 此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。
The iron and steel instry is very important to our life.
典型例題
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 註： 先從時態上考慮。這是過去發生的事情應用過去時，先排除A.，C.。本題易誤選D，因為The League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個人，但仔細辨別， monitor 前沒有the，在英語中，當一人兼數職時只在第一個職務前加定冠詞。後面的職務用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個人，所以應選B。
主謂一致中的靠近原則
1）當there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時，謂語應與最鄰近的主語保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2）當either… or… 與neither… nor， 連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引導，而主語又不止一個時，謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
謂語需用單數
1） 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構成的復合代詞作主語，或主語中含有each, every, 謂語需用單數。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2） 當主語是一本書或一條格言時，謂語動詞常用單數。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜譚>>是英語愛好者熟悉的一本好書。
3） 表示金錢，時間，價格或度量衡的復合名詞作主語 時，通常把這些名詞看作一個整體，謂語一般用單數。(用復數也可，意思不變。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
- ing分詞 看 參考資料 很詳
構詞法看這里http://ke..com/view/74735.htm?fr=ala0_1_1